Someone commented on Reddit on the jp maintenance news that the 550 difficulty stage is for getting an EX ability which will give you a materia that has a bunch of 50% over killers (same as Esper with the Galvanite stuff). I think it includes Bird, Human and one other, I forgot. (that means, you can potentially get 400% human killer on your guy with 300% cap, 50% ex materia and 50% from Lakshmi I believe)
GL is slowly drifting away away from JP in terms of the gap between content is getting bigger. That's usually a telltale sign that the GL version is slowly becoming dead because of the lack of content or rather not being able to keep up with JP, plus some of the GL playerbase switching over to JP instead (like me) because of the content gap. JP version's UI is not that hard to navigate even if you 100% don't speak/read kanji due to years exp. on the GL version.
Cloud's is a stat boost on top of all other stat boosts already applied by equipment and active abilities during battle, Tidus is a 30% extra damage -Not stat boost-. If your Tidus is doing 1,000,000 total damage with all stat boosts active, using his OD will increase his damage by an additional 300,000, thus equal to 1,300,000 total damage. It is very strong because it is % base increase.