This one hurt my brain for awhile. To understand I inputted a string, then defined a function that sorted without using the key parameter. Then I defined another function using the key parameter = str.casefold and printed both outputs to see the difference. It works like magic. I can understand the key parameter being used to change the incoming string but then to change it back is very interesting. Coded the min and max functions with and without using the key parameter = str.casefold. Nice exercise! Well worth the time. I look forward to learning about If statements and using lists (arrays?)