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Khabarovsk is a Russian city that is just 30km away from the Chinese border. How did this border come to be? And what is it like for Russians living on so close to their much more populated neighbors?
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If we look for the easternmost point of China we would be brought here to Heilong province where the Amur river separates China from Russia creating the 6th longest border in the world.
Just passing over the Amur some 30 kilometers you will find the city of Khabarovsk.
the largest or second-largest city in Russias Far East with around 600’000 thousand residents.
The city is also located along the Trans-Siberian Railway; by which it is 8,523 kilometers away from Moscow. A distance that would take 5 and a half days to cover.
Closest foreign capital is Pyongyang in North Korea roughly 1300 km away. Tokyo isn't significantly further either, just 1430km away.
B eijing on the other hand is some 1700km.
As the city is so close to the Chinese border it has for a very long time been sitting on contested land. Experiencing significant tensions over centuries of complex territorial tensions.
So how did Russia acquire this far eastern territory? And do the people of Khabarovsk and other border regions need to worry about losing influence to China?
Prior to the 17th century, Russia and China were on opposite ends of Siberia, which was populated by independent nomads. So there wasn’t much contest but
By about 1640’s Russian settlers had traversed most of Siberia and founded settlements all the way up to the Amur River basin thereby becoming neighbours with the Chinese.
Border relations between the two countries had never been negotiated and the Manchu emperor did not like the fact that Russians had started to settle along the basin, which he deemed to be his territory.
This was the cause of intermittent fighting and long negotiations between the two empires.
It could take a year for a letter sent from the imperial palace in Peking to reach the tsar’s palace in St Petersburg, and when it did arrive, there were not always translators available to read it.
From 1652 to 1689, China's armies drove the Russian settlers out, and after 1689 peace was established through the treaty of Nerchinsk.
Which simply put was based on the fact that Russia at the time could not match Chinese dominance in the area and had to relinquish the territories north of the Amur river.
After the Treaty the area became an uncontested part of the Qing Empire for the next century and a half.
Modern historical maps of the Qing period published in China mark the site of future Khabarovsk as Bólì
This changed during The Second Opium War which started in 1856.
21 сен 2024
