Clinical Knee Joint Anatomy review using animations. Watch and read below for this tutorial of the bones, ligaments, articulation and movements with clinical high yield points! Human Anatomy was never this easy ⤵️
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✅ Ligaments
The knee joint ligaments are divided between two groups: the extracapsular (outside joint) ligaments and intracapsular (inside joint) ligaments. The ligaments are the connection between the femur & tibia bones, functioning to provide stability, prevent dislocation & keep the bones in place.
Extracapsular ligaments
*Patellar ligament (not shown in diagram) - continuation of quadriceps femoris tendon (distal to patella). Attaches to tibial tuberosity.
*Collateral ligaments are for stabilizing hinge motion of knee, and preventing excessive medial or lateral movement.
Medial (tibial) collateral ligament - strong, wide & flat ligament found on medial side of joint. Attaches to medial epicondyle of femur & distally attaches to medial condyle of fibula.
Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament - strong & thinner ligament found on lateral side of joint. Attaches proximally to lateral epicondyle of femur & distally attaches to depression on lateral surface of fibular head.
🧠Extra: Found superficial to tendon of popliteus muscle which separates ligament from lateral meniscus. Intracapsular ligaments
*Cruciate ligaments cross each other (crux for cross in latin) inside the joint. Connecting the tibia and fibula.
Anterior cruciate ligament - attaches at the anterior intercondylar region of the tibia where it blends with the medial meniscus. It ascends posteriorly to attach to the femur in the intercondylar fossa. It prevents anterior dislocation of the tibia onto the femur.
Posterior cruciate ligament - attaches at the posterior intercondylar region of the tibia and ascends anteriorly to attach to the anteromedial femoral condyle. It prevents posterior dislocation of the tibia onto the femur.
✅ Menisci
The medial & lateral meniscus are C-shaped fibrocartilage structures in the knee that deepen the articular surface of the tibia which increases stability to the joint. Also they act as shock absorbers by increasing surface area and preventing excessive force.
*Medial meniscus is fixed to the tibial collateral ligament and the joint capsule. Damage to the tibial collateral ligament usually results in a medial meniscal tear.
*Lateral meniscus is smaller and does not have any extra attachments, making it pretty mobile. These are the major ligaments but there are others including oblique popliteal ligament, transverse ligament, arcuate popliteal ligament, and anterolateral ligament (ALL).
👀 We will review innervation, blood supply, bursae, and more about the knee joint soon. Stay tuned and follow along for more!
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Chapters
0:00 - Intro to Knee Joint
0:22 - Knee General anatomy
1:36 - Knee Bursae
2:17 - Clinical points
2:43 - Key Ligaments (Mnemonic)
4:46 - Pes Anserine muscles (Clinical w/ Mnemonic)
5:40 - Iliotibial band (Clinical)
6:14 - Follow on IG & Subscribe!
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💜 More content on the way
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23 июл 2024
