Laser-powered bullets reveal surprising metal hardness

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Conventional thinking suggests that metals soften as they warm. But this isn't always true, as researchers have succeeded in demonstrating that under extreme conditions, metals actually get harder as they get hotter.
By shooting metal targets with tiny, laser-powered projectiles, this team was able to create incredibly high strain rates. Under these conditions a property called drag strengthening comes into play giving rise to metals that behave in counterintuitive ways, and could inform high speed manufacture or aerospace engineering.
Read the paper: www.nature.com/articles/s4158...

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21 май 2024

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Комментарии : 54

@lbgstzockt8493 29 дней назад

"optically-driven microballistics" is my favorite term of the day.

@kinfongyeung5400 29 дней назад

did not expect the heavy metal music from nature

@mikechiu9767 28 дней назад

Hats off to whomever came up with the idea. It was brilliant.

@vaibhavkodiyan8831 29 дней назад

Wow, this video blew my mind! I always thought metals just got softer with heat, but the whole idea of them getting harder under certain conditions is a game-changer. The way they used lasers to shoot tiny particles at metals and then caught it all on camera is just next-level cool. It's like a glimpse into the future of materials science. Kudos to the team behind this - super fascinating stuff!

@jimk8520 29 дней назад

Is this why a copper jet from an rpg works so well?

@notachair4757 28 дней назад

Well, the copper jet doesn't penetrate by melting though armor, it does it by sheer kinetic force. Enough that metals act like liquids regardless. Although, I wouldn't be suprised if effects like this could play a part

@Natethesandman1 29 дней назад

“Nickel-aluminides, son”

@akituln 28 дней назад

Could it be that the higher temps increased the elastisity of the metals?

@lucasmontec 28 дней назад

the extreme conditions were 170C?

@SteveWard 24 дня назад

Why do the crater graphs not support the claim? Looks like higher temp impact left a smaller crater. Also, someone would have noticed if copper really got stronger at higher temps.

@GrilledCheeseSandwich1 28 дней назад

You mentioned hypervelocity (3000m/s) but the study didn't even reach 10% of that: >The velocities targeted in this study (below 250 m s−1 for copper and titanium and below 150 m s−1 for gold) are all slightly low compared with conventional high-rate test-ing;

@jackmclane1826 28 дней назад

We're talking about toughness and not strength here. Metals are more brittle (less tough) under shock loads, especially when it is cold. That is WELL known for ages.

@Kris-fd9xs 14 дней назад

Running around in cherry red ar500 plates makes you invincible 💥

@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369 29 дней назад

Cool, sad I cant find more about drag strengthening online easily

@pablovirus 29 дней назад

Damn 😂

@Telephonebill51 28 дней назад

That's because this is a load of shit. The particles are sub-microscopic and only traveling a few feet. "Laser Bullets" is total clickbait.

@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369 28 дней назад

@@Telephonebill51 That's not the part I was talking about. And I wasnt quite expecting actual bullets but maybe I can see it as misleading

@Telephonebill51 26 дней назад

@@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369 Well, then, maybe you'll eventually understand technology.

@zairac2564 20 дней назад

You'll find papers of you use Google Scholar and search for "dislocation drag strengthening". About the 3rd hit down is the paper this video is based on. Nevermind the troll in the comments.

@sbreheny 28 дней назад

How does this jive with adiabatic shear? Very high shear strain rates have been shown to cause extreme local heating which in turn softens the metal locally and causes more shear strain than otherwise expected based on the bulk temperature of the metal.

@conodigrom 28 дней назад

This is well known and exploited both in aerospace and military applications.

@shaunmcglaughlin7069 21 день назад

Good for us layman

@ToeCutter454 23 дня назад

well... lets see now... the reason RPG's punch through most tank armor is because it's MOLTEN COPPER propelled at a rate of ~7 to 8 miles per second(that's AFTER it hits it's target and the shape charge detonates). it acts like an uncompressible hydraulic fluid so of course it's going to be "harder". it's like the same effect of dropping large objects in water, the higher the speed the shallower it penetrates(at least up to a certain size like a meteorite or asteroid that has sufficient enough mass to overcome the surface tension).

@MyNordlys 28 дней назад

Maybe also this works on shaped charges with copper, increasing their penetration ability ?

@mreese8764 29 дней назад

Hot squash balls are also bouncier, but also softer.

@StanleyKubick1 27 дней назад

too many also's for one sentence

@mreese8764 27 дней назад

@@StanleyKubick1 Too many apostrophes for that sentence.

@ARVash 29 дней назад

This is the first time I've heard phonons be used in a practical context.

@user-um8tq1tz7m 18 дней назад

D3O mix with powdered hemp coated with Teflon won't stop it ever

@ernestopreciado4895 28 дней назад

This is truly metal as fuck

@Model3GenerativeANdroid 28 дней назад

2:55 this proves that ancient Egypt makes the pyramids with copper chisel & copper saw.

@philippeturco4670 24 дня назад

THE NEW STOCK MEME IS 🎉🎉🎉LUCY

@tymz-r-achangin 28 дней назад

Cool thinking to add heavy metal music to a hard metal video

@PluetoeInc. 29 дней назад

if only the T-rexs had covered the earth with copper/gold before the shit hit the fan

@tomarmadiyer2698 28 дней назад

They had to bling with the iridium...

@StanleyKubick1 27 дней назад

give me a copper turbo compresser wheel right now

@jaypaans3471 25 дней назад

All I see is snow and jumping to conclusins

@kevinedwards7206 24 дня назад

amazing..

@orcmanddegormak1031 28 дней назад

so, basically, when a metal is hot enough it acts like a non-newtonian fluid? hmm

@EyesOfByes 29 дней назад

Unlocked Strain Rate

@katoy9976 21 день назад

Türkler metal delen 9mm yapmıştı. 🙃 Hemen sergilemekte üstümüze yok.

@donaldasayers 29 дней назад

'High Speed Steel' is harder at red heat than at room temperature.

@sbreheny 28 дней назад

no - it just doesn't soften as much as most types of tool steel

@prodby.godswill 28 дней назад

Ian Dowding is the 🐐(he helped publish this and is a good friend of mine)

@Taipou 29 дней назад

I wonder if other people are also annoyed by the narrator's shhh in "shhhhhhtrain rate", "exhhhhtreme" and "shhhhhtrength"...

@conradleonard 28 дней назад

shuper dishtracting

@mrpicky1868 11 дней назад

doubtful setup. as thermal energy is kinetic actually . what they tested here is how much of thermal energy in shield transfers to the bullet. so they might have wrong conclusions