IMPORTANT CORRECTION (WHOOPS): I failed to put two and two together. The reason the CPU cooler (someone just said they call it a "heat riser" and i like that term) is able to function without any sort of spring suspension is because it DEPENDS on a thermal pad to take up the slack between the CPU and riser. You can see at 40:14 that the heatsink is COMPLETELY failing to touch the compound I added. In other words, I just (nearly) wrecked this machine, live on camera, and the whole time you see it running in this video it's thermal throttling to hell and back. You will see me make this mistake in the next few episodes because I already shot them. Sorry :(
One little thing about watchdog timers; yes, it's a completely independant timer trying to count up to a specific value. If it ever gets there, it resets the hardware. You will put a line of code in your "main loop" that resets the timer each time through the loop. You almost never want your reset request driven by or handled in an interrupt, as interrupts can continue to function even when your main loop has crashed. Having the WD reset being in your main loop can also catch things you didn't think about - like a harddrive or some important web page taking WAY too long to respond and you forgot to code a timeout. Your code is sitting waiting forever - but the watchdog will still catch it and reset.
How does it communicate with software, is it just a really low level memory mapped I/O port, like you'd use to talk to a board level component, or does it talk over SMbus or something?
@@CathodeRayDude it varies, there are multiple types. Probably the most common is the iTCO - "Intel TCO" where TCO stands for "Total Cost of Ownership" - which is built into the intel PCH; and a lot of third party controllers are very similar. That superio controller probably has a watchdog timer builtin. It's very common for them to be accessed via ISA-style port io writes, but it could also be PCI memory mapped registers.
@@CathodeRayDude on Intel CPUs there is a set of Model Specific Registers (MSRs) that indicate which watchdog timer was triggered. Believe it or not Intel does actually publish datasheets on its CPUs like you'd expect for a 74 series logic chip. All of this stuff is in there. The MSR for this is actually the "Host Partition Reset Causes (HPR_CAUSE0)-Offset 192Ch" MSR on an i3 N-Series. That should be mostly stable within intel at least. AMD probably uses something completely different and I wouldn't assume it's the same between anything because it's an MSR.
Engineer here. I regularly use these systems. The WDT and DIO are usually accessed via a Super I/O Chip. Usually accessed via Port I/O (IN / OUT x86 ASM instructions or inb / outb Unix calls) You write directly into the registers of the I/O Chip. Most IPC manufacturers will give you a Win32 DLL/ kernel driver if you annoy them enough, otherwise it's inpout32.dll and a lot of debugging. On a board level it should be via the LPC bus, which is a modern LowPinCount variant of the classic ISA Bus. P.S.: this is an interesting topic indeed, via LPC it should still be possible (with some Level-Shifting) to use ISA cards on modern PCs) Edit: just finished the vid: yes, the SuperIO chip used is relevant. Very relevant, as every one has a different register set. When modifying the registers, one has to be super careful to not write into the wrong ones, as some control lines of the motherboard might be connected to it. (And therefore, by configuring the GPIO ports wrong, you risk damaging the motherboard by e.g. shorting some signal lines the BIOS set up as an input rather than an actively driven output
Fun fact, i used to work at the place that assembles the coin star machines, a company called Servatron out in Spokane. For legal reasons, i won't say much more than that.
@@eric_d This is the only comment of yours i'm seeing after scrolling through all 1000+ comments and F3ing your username. I won't go into details, but i had a payment kerfuffle there but got it sorted eventually.
Thought.. Since the VGA pins are connected to the DVI port, could it not be a case the DVI port added is in fact running in Analog mode... so VGA over DVI style... And not as a digital output.
I was SO HAPPY when you got stuck at the "the pins are too large to fit" and made it happen anyway. I was literally thinking "no don't stop! cut em down, son!" and you did.
@@TheCodeDaemon That is generally made impossible, not (always) by the monitor or the PC but by the cable in between. Nearly all DVI cables only have the digital pins connected internally, even the ones that appear to have the analog pins present on the outside. I've only encountered one strange frankenstein DVI cable with both analog and digital connected, and it had inverted screw headers, so I think it was some kind of funky male to male extension cable. Sure enough, if you try to use it as a regular DVI cable, the monitor and PC get... Very confused about what to do. Note: This is not to be confused with dual-link DVI cables, which have more pins than regular ones but still don't carry analog signals.
Fun story about coinstar- back in the day, banks would count change for free. But coinstar paid to lease space in supermarkets, mostly in lower income areas where folks didn't necessarily have bank accounts. Coincidentally, those supermarkets stopped accepting change around this time. They would also charge 3-10% for the counting, but if you handed the counting receipt to the checkout with your groceries, they'd refund you that fee in store credit. Around the time this was really taking hold, banks mysteriously started charging for coin counting. Hmm...
I think some banks always did. When I was a kid my uncle paid my brother and I to roll a bunch of change (like $200+) because the bank wouldn't take it except as rolls. I remember that being a thing in the 90s. I always found the Coinstar machines useful and if you got a gift card the counting was free.
This is so weird for someone outside US. The thought that supermarkets or banks could legally get away with charging people for counting coins, it's mind boggling. Are these machines still a thing, or are they like an early 00s thing? NZ/AUS has moved to everything being contactless/EFTPOS, I can't remember last time I had cash in my wallet, even the buskers will have a phone to tap. Coins are things I associate with visiting developing countries. Last time I was in the States was early 00s, so not sure how popular cash still is there?
@@lucidnonsense942 Still a thing in 2024 in the UK. There's a Coinstar machine within walking distance from me in the Sainsburys supermarket. I do know that bigger branches of HSBC banks have coin counting machines that do NOT charge a fee. I was raised to watch my money carefully, so the idea of losing 10% of it as a 'fee' to a machine that does nothing but count my money, something I could do with enough time, sticks in my craw.
We do have CoinStars in the UK, usually in large supermarkets. When I was a broke, lowly peon they used to be a bit of a godsend when grocery shopping and saved (for an unreasonably large fee) the embarrassment of giving the cashier handfuls of change.
Are they actually called Coinstars, though? I had absolutely no clue what he was on about at first, but when I saw the photo, I immediately recognised that type of machine. Coin machines like that are definitely a thing here, but I don't think they're as ubiquitous as they apparently are in America. Not every large supermarket has one - the only one I know of near me is a Morrison's.
@@alfo2804 Yes and no. Coinstar is one brand, but some of the supermarkets have unbranded versions of the concept. I know Tesco in particular has own-brand coin machines. Asda and Sainsbury's use Coinstar. And I've never seen one in Morrisons to check.
Fun fact: J1708 is an automotive standard for controllers on heavy-duty vehicles like buses and trucks. It’s something I used to work in when I was doing transit information systems, because it was the standard all our onboard electronics ran on.
That's so interesting because in the US every big grocery store like Walmart has had these coin machines for at least as long as I can remember. They are usually by the lottery ticket machines.
@@starsINSPACE Wait you have mashine fpr lottery tickets? We just got to the Lottoladen (Lottery Store) and tip some numbers, most of the time there a newsoutlet and a Postal Office too
You say that serial is the lowest common denominator of communication between computers, but in the industrial world the DIO/GPIO is the most used for communicating between machines and machines or machine and embedded systems. There is nothing more simple, universal, robust, or primitive than using single bits for communication. It is quite shocking how primitive the communication between two gigantic industrial machines can be, all that is needed is a ready signal that a machine is ready to receive product.
@@mateuszzimon8216 while profinet is great for inside machines or where one has full control over all PLCs, having machines from different manufacturers, old machines or machines that doesn't use profinet communicate over profinet with each other would be very difficult. That's why digital io is more universal because all machines regardless of manufacturer, fieldbus or age are going to support it. And I agree that profinet or any other fieldbus is more flexible and powerful, it just that it requires that both machines be built with that in mind. Same with serial; just because you can talk doesn't mean you speak the same language.
We have coinstar in the UK, at least we used to, can't say I've noticed them recently but I havnt looked. Used to be found in ASDA shops (grocery stores), formally owned by wallmart
@@TheGizwop good to know they still exist, though the fact it was out of order for at least a month when they are relatively simple machines, tells you how many people probably use it these days 😂
28:22 Broadwell was a pretty weird little architecture. There were some CPUs using that same architecture that has embedded RAM right on the package. It was used as a massive L4 cache and it walked to AMD's X3D could run. Intel used it to feed the Iris Pro iGPU and that little bit of extra RAM allowed them to push the integrated graphics really hard, and it was in a way the first real "APU" that are now ubiquitous in laptops. It had the memory bandwidth of a DDR4 system in a DDR3 socket for the first 128MB of RAM access, which actually meant it could keep on competing with the 6700K and even 7700K for a little while. The 8700K finally ran away with it by just having more cores and brute-forcing clock speeds. There's a dark alternate timeline where Intel committed to the bit here and essentially had "X3D" since 2015 onwards. Imagine what a cursed world that would be, where you can go the shop and see an i7 14700C and a Ryzen 7800X3D rght next to each other. They recently started doing it again with server CPUs, just with now dozens of gigabytes of HBM instead. Sapphire Rapids can have 64GB of the stuff just packed in there, and it'll even boot without any sticks of RAM in the system at all.
I still run a Dell with the Broadwell i5-5200u. It was my daily driver work laptop. I got it new several years ago, but now enjoys its retirement as a media player for the bedroom TV.
wrt the query about HDMI audio and DVI ports - if the port is a DVI-D or DVI-I port specifically, electrically each single link is 100% identical to HDMI, that is the exact same TMDS signalling is used with the exact same base encoding scheme. So yes, you can in fact run HDMI over a single link DVI-{D,I} cable or vice versa and this is why adaptors for them are completely passive. What may not work however is the thing on the other end of that cable. Modern screens that have HDMI ports all talk dual protocol because it's more expensive to be antsy about which you're talking than to just decode both on every HDMI/DVI-{D,I} port and get on with it.. however, older screens (pre-2010-ish) or ones that only feature a DVI connector are much more of a crapshoot - the old screens just categorically won't understand the HDMI extra bits like the audio stuff happening in the vertical blanking interval; modern screens with just a DVI connector may or may not actually be secretly HDMI, it depends on the controller inside.
Nothing frustrates me more than devices that have HDMI and DVI, but categorically refuse to accept or produce audio on DVI for no other reason than "it shouldn't be there." It normally wouldn't matter at all, but in my case, I have a screen which is DVI only and a source that is HDMI, and an audio extractor in between. The problem with using HDMI mode is that it also means the device can use YUV instead of RGB, which my screen translates into "oh, you want everything purple then?" So for me, DVI video with audio would be perfect. And NOTHING that I have will do it.
Before the proliferation of wireless networking, you used to be able to kick the network cable out of the wall behind the CoinStar machine and it wouldn’t charge you the fee. Sadly those days are long gone now.
Used to do the same thing. However when I was doing it you had to select the gift card option and remove the Ethernet cable interrupting the network connection caused the computer to give you 100% of the money
Yeah, many vendors with equipment in retail / food service include a dedicated cellular modem by default. I am a big proponent of hardwired communication for most commercial and industrial stuff, but this is one situation where it makes sense to go cellular. The vendors that supply the equipment generally have little to no control over the network or structured cabling at the locations they put the machines in. Even if they do, a single service call may cost the same as many months of business-grade cellular data.
I am so happy every time I see a new upload. I wasn't even that into cameras, and I found them to be some of the most interesting stuff. I love how you try to get inside the mind of the people who designed and made these items and what they were THINKING when the choices were made.
we use those screw terminals extensively in my line of work, and those ferrules are clean as hell. we're slowly beginning to use soldered ferrules and ring terminals for our stuff
I am absolutely loving this series! I have been doing independent onsite tech support/repair both for businesses & individuals and every time you do the "ask the internet" bit I keep worrying a client is going to say something about relying on a web search, my response has been "do you want the issue to get fixed/have you successfully tried googling your question?(if so why did you call me??)". Luckily 99% of people realize and understand that no one will know 100% of what is thrown at them in a subject.
So love the Hackery and the guess work of how it was put together. But one GIANT mistake you made was cleaning the CPU from the "Thermal paste" that was no thermal paste it was a Thermal PAD to take up the tolerance from the Heatsink block. at 40:14 you can see the Thermal paste did not spread out because it was designed for like a 0.5 or 1 mm thermal pad to fill the gap and not crush the CPU. what will happen now is or the CPU immediately overheats and thermal throttles and makes the pc really slow or it get cooling in the precise spot of the thermal sensor and cooks the uncooled parts and dies after a while, but the pc should run at Full speed
hot damn, you're absolutely right. I knew this somewhere in my head but failed to put two and two together; I knew the tolerances on the standoffs couldn't be that good. I will make corrections in future videos.
18:34 There are some more manufacturers like ITE and Microchip (their MEC series). As of late they switched to eSPI but previously they used LPC (which is Intel's "modern" ISA; yes it's ISA look up a project called "dISAppointment" for some fun with that). As with old ISA you can relatively easily communicate via "IN" and "OUT" instructions on the CPU although the OS might lock them. Also on some of those chips the actual register map is proprietary information and it could also be paired with an EC (Embedded Controller) which is basically an entire microcontroller added to the SuperIO. The GPIOs and Fan connections of that part aren't that special actually it's actually pretty common for internal functions like controlling the Battery Charging or scanning the Keyboard matrix on laptops. The platform controller hub (short PCH; or South Bridge) also likely has some GPIOs configured for all kinds of stuff (Indicators, Audio etc.).
It usually does. It can be worked around however. On Linux it works with root, On Windows you need a kernel (ring 0) driver. there is a kernel mode driver called inpout32.dll which I have successfully used to control FinTek sio chips. WinRing0 should also somehow work.
@@TheRailroad99 Yep that's the "dISAppointment" I have mentioned. Although it has it's issues on modern PCs since LPC is on it's way out. So DMA has already been discontinued and recently platforms switched to eSPI which in essence uses the same instructions on the CPU but it's slower and more limited.
I'm addicted to this series! I can't help it but I've been buying all these little guys whenever I see them for years. Fun little project boxes! Such a weird world of hardware with the strangest configurations, power cables (if any!), and cases. I wish there was a central place to tell these little guys stories, pictures of hardware, power notes, etc.
There's another reason to want to avoid USB3, which is that it interferes with wifi- you need to keep your wifi antennas at least fifteen centimetres from any USB3 ports, by design rule, and given the, uh, variable quality of USB devices, they might leak RF too.
Any and all 2.4GHz signals actually. I have problems at work when I plug in a USB3 drive next to my Logitech receiver. On another intel NUC, we had to put a shorty extension for the MS wireless keyboard/mouse receiver to get any range at all, because plugging it directly into the front panel gave you about a 2 foot range, which meant it only worked on the end of the conference table closest to the NUC mounted on the wall. With it in a shorty extension and tucked behind the TV, it works all the way at the other end of the table.
@@skonkfactory never messed with nucs until recently, testing one for reuse as digital signage. is there an established reason they (and chromebits) were discontinued?
@@CathodeRayDude I just checked w/ my stack of dead laptop drives and alot of em have a sticker on the motor and some have the pins exposed, I also noticed that on some drives the motor sticks out a little more so the hole could also be a fitment thing
It prints out a little receipt that you take to the customer service counter. The employee will then take the receipt and give you the indicated amount of money.
Fabulous, always fascinated when I find another fellow ferrule fanatic. It is indeed a fantastic fastener for fast and secure connections which can last forever.
re: digital io. im guessing in the coinstar context it was used for counting coins. there's probably a coinmech that determined the coin used and either strobes these inputs for each coin value, or more likely communicates to the main system in a special-sauce serial protocol. in hydrology/meteorology digital inputs are used for event-driven input like tipping bucket raingages - the computer listens for a logic high, which indicates a tip, and each tip has a certain value of precipitated water
When I see bare stranded wires connected to screw terminals without ferrules, I cringe at the savage who committed such an atrocity. If you happen to be so unlucky not to have an assortment of ferrules, you can at least tin the wires so the strands don't come loose.
Man I love this series so much. Makes me wanna have a change of career to make these lil guys. So specific, yet so neat out of context. I enjoy the mystery of piecing together all the clues to see what these guys are capable of. Thank you CRD
You have an incredible talent for perfectly matching the voice in my own head that narrates what I'm doing while I'm working on these kinds of projects. Actually, its the perfect amount of commentary during a rather long and tedious process. My compliments.
seeing that work at the end gave me a sense of catharsis, thank you, have been seeing those unpopulated pads, and have wondered if it would just work, now i know
I’m not sure why but I’m so in love with the Little guy series, it could just be the name, could be the one who knows a lot about everything. As a machinist I’m always very impressed with your manufacturing knowledge. You have so much knowledge about so many different topics, love that in every way.
When you broke out the desoldering gun to actually change out the disply interface you recieved a skill upgrade to "god-like" in my mind. I'm just about as impressed as I can be in someone's aquired technology skills. Again, my sincere compliments.
Sometimes an Intel DC SSD may be SAS, U.2 or U.3. By now there may be other interfaces. Every time you turn your head there is a weird new one that not a lot of people have yet.
Even though understanding this particular device isn't needed for me, personally, I prefer to make a point to watch such a video to the end, like, and comment at least once to help out. It is interesting, but there are many equally "obscure" computers and devices that I would be thrilled to see someone bothering to make a quality video etc on them. To me, supporting the others increases my chances of the others getting similar treatment. Good wiring PSA too btw, it's one of those thing many just don't even think of doing. It was nice to take the time to throw it out there. 🤘🏽
Thank you for explaining what a Coinstar machine is (I don't think I have ever seen or even heard of one here in Poland!), I really appreciate you thinking about your international audience. Some youtubers recently stopped doing these things so it's good to see it's not becoming a trend.
I was thinking the same thing. No Coinstars here in Finland either. The closest thing we have are ATM:s you can use to deposit cash (both coins and bills), but even those are pretty rare (perhaps one in 30 ATMs).
European coins actually carry useful value and are used day to day. Euro goes up to a 2 Euro coin. That's why our wallets have coin pockets and we weed out our change regularly. Plus cash is more prevalent anyway.
What nonsense? Cash surely is as prevalent in USA as EU. And equally as useful or bad to have around. Asking the internet and Euros still have cents in use. 1c coins. Up to 2 euro. €2. Maybe Google is wrong and Euro cents are a gone to history thing. Such low coinage is completely useless. 100 of 1c coins makes up a single €1? Prevalent in what way? Have seen more $ bills and coins in movies then anything else. European coins include Scandinavian currency too? Like SEK? Instead of Euro we got Swedish Krona. We have gotten rid of anything under 1kr. So 1kr, 2kr(new) 5kr, 10kr. That is all the coinage we got today. 100kr is like our kind of 1 dollar bill. Or Euro if you want to call it that. Yet the 100kr bill is worth 8,59 EUR right now. Our biggest coinage the 10kr. It is worth 0.859 Euro. And the smallest coin you can get back when paying today is 0.0859 Euro. 2010 the 0.5kr coin was removed. Since 0.0425 Euro or whatever is utterly useless to anyone. That was true 14 years ago. And today. Even then paying with anything but digital or with cards are frond upon. When Covid hit we still put into shopping carts 5kr minimum to unlock them. (so you returned the shopping cart.) Today you do not need to even carry that with you. Soon your not even going to be allowed to use pubic transport without some ID cart or something to pay for the trip. I can honestly not trust that going onto a buss that they will accept cash. And buying anything on the used market is also close to impossible since everyone wants it done without cash. Instead with digital means. Only people left using old money is the elderly that shop food with 500kr bills. €43. They are the smart ones since we got a wonderful cash system. Forced out of use for no reason but laziness. Those Cash star systems are taking a fee to convert a bulk of small useless coins into bills. It is not prevalent in Europe for other reasons then anything else. A Cola/Pepsi can have cost about 5-10kr in the passed. A plastic bottle about 15-20kr. (our smallest cash bill is 20kr.) If you walked into a store in USA? What would they cost? I'm sure like with Euro that it has NEVER been easy to pay for a soft drink and chocolate bar or whatever. Quarter's and whatever unreasonable things in the 2000's? Common! Today if you walk into a store inflation and crappy business people charge you way above any coinage that is reasonable. How are you supposed to pay today if your still stuck dealing with cents? 14,79kr. (15kr) + 5,36kr. (5kr) = 20kr. That is a 20kr bill to pay. In Euro that would be €14,79 + €5,36 = €20,15. And by law you better find that 0.15 Euro. Since €20 is not enough to pay! Converting SEK to EUR for fun. €1,28 + €0,46 = €1,74. 1x €1 coin. 1x 50c. 1x 20c. 4x 1c. That is complete lunacy. Do Euro people go around in the store and count up pennies? Like people using Dollars? Awful systems. At least it is not as bad as UK had it back in the day! I still can not figure out how their currency system worked back then.
@@konadesu In Poland also, but compared to Germany we are ahead with card acceptance. Last time i was in 2020 and some big market wanna me sign receipt. Also in Poland u must accept always (non-damaged cut or something), but u need a proper value (u can be denied if u early wanna pay with 500PLN for something cheap like 1PLN)
@@mateuszzimon8216 Was actually surprised how common card acceptance was in Poland, looking at photos we stayed in a house near Dziecinów and even the little cornershops there supported contactless.
Just wanted to say thanks and that I enjoyed this style of project. I appreciate where you saw something like the DVI pcb option and got the idea to just try it. I've wondered the same thing. In fact I think I have the same broken video card, lol. I normally enjoy your videos anyway, but just had to say thanks for trying that and reporting the results and I'd like to see more of this type of computer hardware archeology. Keep up the good work.
When I visited the US I ended up with a bunch of change that would serve me no purpose in Brazil so I offered to someone there, and they just said "I'll probably just throw it in the trash" and I thought that was PREPOSTEROUS! So I brought the coins with me and distributed to people as souvenirs. People I liked the most got entire dollar bills! So yeah this coin problem is a very US thing.
Honestly I just love these videos, different than usual but very true to the original form of this channel. Keep up the good work Gravis ! (Hello from the UK btw)
@4:54 we can see on the PSU brick label that the 3 pin power connector was originally installed by the brick manufacturer, not the system integrator. keep up creating this awesome videos, dude!
If my (also no longer top notch) eys see it correctly, there is actually a diagram of the Phoenix connector on the PSU. I believe it genuinely came with it from the factory. I also think I've never seen any of these connectors without a terminal block, so this might just be how it's done with these even on larger scale. They are also absolutely everywhere in industrial application, not just on PCs. Almost everything of at least some quality comes with these, or a very similar style of connector. (Or just built-in screw terminals, but connectors are always nicer.) This is because in cabinets, you normally just have one chonky 12V or 24V PSU for everything, and distribute that via one large terminal block to everyone that needs it, so you'll just run individual cables custom-cut. If we had to deal with a basket full of custom made PSUs, it would be a nightmare for the poor wiring guys, but also with regard to certifications and such. Cute little fella you got there again!
That ending was a rollercoaster of emotions! Thanks for finally answer the question if something unpopulated would work if the connector is added, I always wondered and its great to finally have an answer.
I used to work for a company that used very, very similar computers. That does look like the power supplies that shipped with them although interestingly they're often not assembled. The power supply with just terminate to pins (as it appears that one does) and the connect is just in the box. Also, a lot of the newer ones do have DisplayPort and/or HDMI.
just when i was out of things to watch, ty CRD oh heck coinscam mashines, we started to get those here in germany and ive always given them a wide birth
You know dude you've just answered a question I've always asked, I was so in suspense when it not only did not work once but twice and you got me both times!! well done! , I once had a laptop with an EMMC head of crap in it but an unpopulated nvme port , turns out soldering in the port did not work till I found a picture of the board with the nvme option , 5 caps and a diode is all it took to get it working but like your experiment at first nothing happened and I was so upset , and on the second restart windows installed a driver and it magically turned up.
I work in commercial AV and use phoenix connectors or phoenix blocks, as they are sometimes known. You're right, then come in various sizes and such. My company is fairly insistent to use heat shrink and ferrules on phoenix blocks. As well as Teflon tubes to isolate bare ground wires.
I have a lot of respect for you. I was sitting here thinking "What an idiot! He's swapping out the connector, expecting that to actually work??" Then it worked. Bravo!
The SuperIO feature set is nothing unusual except those extra serial ports, unless i'm overlooking something. Interface it to the PC? No, it goes on the LPC bus, you don't get all the necessary pins on the TPM connector, and you can't have two LPC SuperIO chips, they are going to have a fight. The thermal "paste" looks like it might be phase change thermal interface polymer rather than paste. Honeywell is a major supplier. It is hard and crumbly when cold, but it melts at around 50°C, its thermal conductivity in molten state is stellar, and you can leave it in for 20 years with no service as it doesn't suffer pump-out and separation, since it's not a mixture. Tolerance on the risers? With phase change polymer, you are allowed to leave a bit of room underneath and use the gap bridging capability of the polymer. The bottom of the extrusion isn't flat anyway, as it warps during cooling, making for a slight bow shape. You often find 2mm pitch pin headers near a 25q flash IC for the BIOS flash on modern boards. But advanced SuperIO/SMC chips often have their own firmware as well, doing a bit of power management things on the PC and the keyboard matrix on the laptops, there has to be a way to program them in system. Also CPU-less BIOS flashback on modern PCs, ever wonder where it lives? With a paste like AS5, it can matter how you apply, there's a reason modern gamer pastes aren't like that. But i wouldn't worry too much. Congrats on successful surgery
Man, CRD is back with a vengeance with this, no prisoners. Hell yeah man. Also, very very happy you tried the port swap. I've also always wondered that.
100% agree. The logos on the one near me in the UK state "Turn your coins into cash" and I want to scream at anyone using it "COINS ARE ALREADY CASH!!!"
So long as there are people who will not use their "cash" in the form of coins, these things have their place. Of course, there are limits to where coins are appropriate... I wouldn't recommend walking into an Apple store with a bucket of quarters to buy an iPhone. (it'd take several pounds of them, and nobody is going to take the hours to count them.)
in regards to the ferrules at 6:30, we used them all of the time in my highschool robotics club so i was a bit surprised that they are not all that common. They are really useful once you know what you're doing and literal highschoolers can be trained with em.
Woah ! ok ive installed probably 50 or so industrial PCs in various applications but i have never installed windows 7 embeded, those templates are really interesting ! Every time I watch a video I swear I learn something new lol
7:25 you can see on the back of the power supply that it was not a hack job... where it would normally tell you "center hot, outer ground" it actually shows the plug it is terminated in... it came from the factory with the heat shrink and ferules.
VGA will never die! You got that right. In 50 years, you'll have a better hope of an 80 year old CRT displaying a picture than any LCD screen of today.
when i was around 14 i changed a motherboard from ps/2 to AT for shits and giggles because i saw the mounting point on the board. absolutely worked. i was born in 84 so that was around 98.
We have Coinstar machines in the UK, they tend to take 9% on the Pound (around £0.09 per £1.00) plus a markup for the store itself. You get a receipt which you take to the store's customer services counter which then exchanges it for cash. I'm pretty sure the UK machines don't do vouchers. Very fascinating video!
I absolutely love that chassis though. You can sometimes find these types of things for almost free because people only think about the computer hardware inside, while the chassis could cost you a few hundred dollars to have made.
We've got these in supermarkets in the UK. They take a cut from your change. Top tip: Put all your change in the self checkout. It'll give you back change in the highest denomination notes and coins it can do.
31:19 I absolutely love your humour. Please, keep it coming! First time I saw that CPU though my immediate thought was Broadwell. Under contract for when I use to repair Lenovo laptops is the first time I saw these guys, but the one thing that stood out to me was that most of the heatsinks these CPUs had didn't make contact with the PCH or had a cutout just for it (which at the time I had no idea it was a PCH). Now I know!
The firmware likely cant find any drivers to run the DVI port, however the OS can because you installed them. Watchdog timers can work in a number of ways, they used to be dedicated hardware but are usually handled entirely by software nowadays. This might be different for industrial applications though. In software the timer will raise an NMI (Non Maskable Interrupt) which will check for a heartbeat signal, if one isn't present it can reboot de device. It can reboot the device either by requesting APCI do it or by sending an INIT interrupt to the BSP (Boot Strap Processor). A hardware implementation just listens for the heartbeat signal and resets a timer when it receives one when the timer goes off it asserts the either the #reset or #NMI pin on the processor. What I want to know is why to you need to tell the firmware that an SSD is attached to the SATA port when it can figure that out itself.
Premio is a maker of industrial and edge PCs. They still sell the 3000 series but presumably with a newer CPU. I found references for anywhere from 5th gen to 9th gen and i5, i3 and Celeron CPUs. They also sell Jetson based edge AI machines. RS-232 dates back to 1962. The RJ-45 was launched in 1973 and was specifically designed for advanced telephony, i.e. teletype machines initially and later modems. I'm sure they were still thinking 'video phone' when Bell Labs first started development. It is surprising that we used RJ-12 for as long as we did but I think by the early '70s the writing was already on the wall with early radio and cell phones and they were expecting traditional phones to die off so there would be no point in changing the standard and rewiring literally the entire country. Fun fact, in the '90s, RJ-12 was often used similarly to how RJ-45 is being used here. My HP Pocket PC used RJ-12 for connecting to a PC. My dad was too cheap to buy the IR transceiver so I had to use the modem to transfer files. And I did a lot of transferring because I used it to play games. But it is an example of how RJ-12 was used for local data transfer, even on a consumer device.
some 'consumers' of embedded and industrial PC require the vendor to produce the same PC, with no changes whatsoever, for at least 7 years. This model may be in production still. intel offers a line of embedded CPUs that are available for at least 10 years after they launch it
The FSP power supply with that three pin plug seems stock as they have the pinout for that connector printed on the label! Also, I'm pretty sure the hole in the drive caddy is for hard drives, more specifically their spindle motor hub that may stick out a little underneath 2.5" HDDs
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