Making aluminum isopropoxide

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Aluminum isopropoxide is important to carry out Oppenauer oxidations and MPV reductions.
To make the aluminum isopropoxide, I will use mercuric chloride that was made in a previous video. I will then carry out an MPV reduction using the aluminum isopropoxide to eventually make 1-octen-3-ol, something I have been working towards for a while.
NOTE: Around 5 minutes, I made a mistake and wrote "hydriodic acid" instead of "hydrogen gas"
Mercuric Chloride: • Making Mercuric Chlori...
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Опубликовано:

12 сен 2024

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Комментарии : 402

@jaymeselliot8181 5 лет назад

The jamming of foil in to the flask with scissors made me laugh. Contrast is funny i guess. Delicate, specialized equipment; measurements carried out with care; erudite, organized explanations of chemical equations....then all of a sudden using scissors to ram bits of tin foil through a funnel XDDD i love your channel.

@spiderdude2099 4 года назад

You would be surprised by how much Neanderthal-like methods are needed in the lab sometimes XD

@jaymeselliot8181 4 года назад

@@spiderdude2099 i guess we still apes, and if it works, it works, right? XD

@nono-fb8tr 3 года назад

I'm losing my mind at your comment saying "tin foil" when the whole point of this reaction is that it's aluminum

@jaymeselliot8181 3 года назад

@@nono-fb8tr tin foil sounds funnier than aluminum. Semantics aren't really something that bother me

@MasterOfPunpets 3 года назад

@@jaymeselliot8181 I respect that you're still coming back to this thread 2 years later

@RideAcrossTheRiver 3 года назад

Senate Inquiry: "And what did you do the reactor next?" NileRed: "I ended up just adding small amounts at a time, and then jamming it through using a pair of scissors."

@aristotlefromebay 2 года назад

Being the 69th like always gives a good feeling

@stickystick1048 Год назад

@@aristotlefromebay not the 88th one though😬

@yergot3077 6 лет назад

8:28 GO LITTLE ANT BE THE STAR OF THE SHOW FOLLOW YOUR DREAMS!!!

@BothHands1 6 лет назад

YES

@maxmaxmaxmaxmaxmaxmaxmaxmax1 5 лет назад

It's a spider :P

@VZVelocity2hi 5 лет назад

Lol

@biohazard512 4 года назад

Thanks ants. Thants.

@yergot3077 4 года назад

Yes

@mmmhorsesteaks 8 лет назад

Maybe some Tischenko reactions? Benzyl benzoate, ethyl acetate, methyl formate... All interesting aromas ;-)

@animeslime 3 года назад

Im Im 💛♿

@zettozero7865 8 лет назад

Just realized you have something similar to NurdRage. You both are chemists, and your initials are NR.

@ksp6091 4 года назад

NurdRage is LESS cool.

@bitai683 5 лет назад

8:26 BREEEAAACH

@NileRed 8 лет назад

Follow me on Twitter! twitter.com/NileRed2

@alanm.17 8 лет назад

I love your chemistry so much :)

@MoonberryJam93 8 лет назад

Chemistry ftw

@KainYusanagi 8 лет назад

Maybe use it in an Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction using an aldehyde and a ketone to show that they can be separated using the process due to its chemoselectivity? Which specific ones I couldn't say, as this is more of an "oooh, science!" sort of thing for me, rather than any specific knowledge. ^^;

@kkirschkk 8 лет назад

man keep it up, your making me love chemistry! cant wait to take it in school, so how effectify will it be as a bug repellent/attractor?

@MoonberryJam93 8 лет назад

+The Reeper I really want to try making the 1-octen-3-ol to make a bug zapper with it as the bait

@dragondemonsyne 8 лет назад

Here's a suggestion: Make Aerogel! Alumina makes a nice aerogel, and aluminum alkoxides are the usual starting material. Also, you can build a small supercritical dryer using some heavy duty steel pipe fittings.

@frankandersonn 3 года назад

I like that spider in the back ground XD is the spider wearing safety glasses and gloves?

@keggerous 5 лет назад

Why do I constantly have the urge to drink everything you make? I just want to taste it!!!!

@stormtorch 5 лет назад

*dies of heavy metal ingestion*

@noahater5785 3 года назад

You’ll probably die from heavy metal poisoning if you tried

@jayna5562 2 года назад

p l e A S E dont taste it-

@levilevis9032 6 лет назад

8:30 tiny science spider joins the party

@janprech8873 7 лет назад

You can use the aluminium isopropoxide also in zeolite synthesis as an aluminium source.

@coleramsey6705 8 лет назад

You should do a colab video with NurdRage. Have a good summer!

@reerasvarghese5187 3 года назад

What is the boiling point of aluminum isopropoxide

@BRYDN_NATHAN 6 лет назад

The diagrams are very helpful in remembering the mechanics. Now formulas are written in quantum or we ran out of colors. The best parts are your input on the equation while watching a slow reaction going on in the back ground. Thank you.

@babonnell Год назад

Juuuuyyyyyyyyy

@reactionchamber 6 лет назад

u should try making Aluminum Isopropoxide by using gallium activated aluminum!

@nullnull5268 5 лет назад

If gallium is used, then gallium isopropoxide will end up in the product as well. Furthermore, gallium tends to stick on the glassware badly.

@gustavoespinoza7940 7 лет назад

Out of curiosity, could you have used a mortar and pestle on the aluminum rather than using the mercuric solution to expose fresh aluminum? That's what I've done on magnesium for grinard reagents and it seems to work. Or does the mercuric solution continuously expose a fresh surface?

@MM-op6ti 8 лет назад

When you make the 1-octen-3-ol I'd love to see a test to see how well it attracts biting insects!

@pirobot668beta 3 года назад

Twist the foil into 'ropes'...the Al ropes will stand up in the flask, only the bits submerged bits will react allowing some control of the reaction rate. Tightly twisted ropes vs loosely twisted ropes...how fast do you want the reaction to go? The number of ropes in the flask is another way to control exposed surface area. It's fun to watch the Al ropes get shorter and disappear as the reaction progresses...easy to judge reaction rate! Much easier to get aluminum noodles into that narrow neck!

@hamptoncopeland3616 8 лет назад

Great Video Nile! Always makes my day to see something new of yours!

@RajibHasan 2 года назад

Great Video Nile! Always makes my day to see something new of your’s!

@RajibHasan 2 года назад

Sssssssssssssddghoohdsd

@darmok3171 5 лет назад

I love your videos! I wonder if you could use aluminum dissolved in gallium instead of the mercury?

@StrangeAeons13 Год назад

Yes, there's a synthesis using gallium on the internet

@xBlade29 3 года назад

lol that little spider at 08:38

@louistournas120 5 лет назад

12:26, I like your polyethylene bottle with the blue cap.

@alexi3489 8 лет назад

I have a request. Can you do some actual experiments? As in asking a question and then testing it out rather than demonstrating how to make a chemical. Chemplayer did some things like this, the latest one was testing if aluminum can replace red phosphorus in reducing secondary alcohols. Experimentation is a fundamental part of science second only to observation and I feel it's not well represented on youtube.

@chromecrescent 8 лет назад

Idea: Isolate urea from urine.

@batsman46 8 лет назад

Chemplayer has a video on that

@chromecrescent 8 лет назад

The one "Piss Piss Bang Bang"? He makes nitro urea in that

@batsman46 8 лет назад

Slarty they did isolate the urea nonetheless to make that nitrourea...did they not?

@myfanwy9499 7 лет назад

isolate scatole from shit

@fidgetyhuman 6 лет назад

He recently isolated urea from his own pee!

@maskotep 8 месяцев назад

Amazing how much better these old videos look because they are in 4k. Why are the new videos only in 1080p?

@thorild69 3 года назад

Great vid as always, thumbs up for the reaction names alone.

@CantHandleThisCanYa 2 года назад

8:28 _I’m just now noticing the spider crawling along the wall on the right hand side near the glass stopper_

@waspstomper6250 3 года назад

If you add a ketone or aldehyde along with an amine to the mixture of mercuric chloride/aluminum/isopropanol, they will condense. I’ve actually used this for reductive amination before, and it is a pretty worthwhile method of making alkyl amines.

@aidynwyatt5415 7 лет назад

heat guns are good for making grilled cheese too

@aletrodj 7 лет назад

and warm up cold pizza

@bitai683 5 лет назад

*I N D U S T R I A L G R A D E H A I R D R Y E R*

@bitai683 5 лет назад

dangit

@chemiosmoticphosphorylatio3198 8 лет назад

Great video and congrats on the 93% Yield!

@CrazyScubaCouple 4 года назад

if you'd remove the funnel you'd have a higher diameter to introduce the aluminium foil pieces

@Timothy656 8 лет назад

Do you need to use mercuric chloride or would iodine alone be sufficient for the reaction to proceed?

@SetTheCurve 5 лет назад

It’s a little late to point out, but if you put the cut aluminum squares in a hand held coffee grinder for a few seconds you get foil granules that react in a mellow way, and can be funneled.

@Mrbpotter1 8 лет назад

Can you consider doing a video on isolating/purifying citric acid from lemons?

@AntisepticFashion 8 лет назад

8:30 its already working!! ;)

@TheHuntermj 8 лет назад

Do it again with gallium!

@edwardvarby4363 7 лет назад

It seems to me, to significantly increase the surface area of aluminum foil requires an insane amount of cutting. The usual American thickness is about 0.0016cm. So on a 4cm square piece, cutting side to side, each cut exposes 0.0016*4*2 (sides of the cut) ==0.0128 sqr cm. (4*4)/0.0128 ==1250.0 cuts to double the surface area, if my maths are sane.. Heavy duty foil, at 0.0024cm, would require around 834 cuts. Maybe a coffee grinder would do? Anyway. Awesome videos. You've rekindled my fascination with chemistry. I especially enjoyed the rayon experiment, which I've always wanted to try.

@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 Год назад

Crosscut paper shredder

@phonotical 6 лет назад

What was crawling up the wall at 8:35

@KnakuanaRka 5 лет назад

9:30 Isn’t the temperature supposed to spike when a fraction completely distills, instead of dipping?

@deepforrestalchemy9189 4 года назад

No The temperature dips mate. The head temperature stabilises as the vapors of-the fraction fill the distillation head. The temperature then drops as the lower-boiling compound finishes distilling as the last vapours of the fraction exit via the condenser This occurs before vapors of the next highest-boiling compound can fill the distillation head, This in turn causes the head temperature to rise and stabilise at the current compounds distillation point. I hope this makes sense. I know it seems counter intuitive until you grasp the logical progression of the process.

@deepforrestalchemy9189 4 года назад

I hope that’s right... Famous last words It’s been a long time since I studied this

@cvspvr Месяц назад

does chopping the aluminium pieces up actually have a meaningful increase in the reaction rate? you're just exposing more edges on the foil, which has a negligible contribution to the surface area

@rizavixen 6 лет назад

Shout out to the spider in the first half of the distillation, crawling behind the flask on the background.

@nemeanlyan7918 8 лет назад

Could you have used Gallium metal instead of mercuric chloride? The parasitic gallium alloy seems to do the exact same thing as the mercuric chloride, which is why you can react the alloy with water.

@NileRed 8 лет назад

I've read in a few places that galium is useable, I have no first-hand experience though. I wanted to do it the classic route and it was an excuse to make a mercury salt.

@nemeanlyan7918 8 лет назад

+NileRed Cool! I may very well give this a try with some Gallium. Thanks!

@Ryanrivera95 4 года назад

I always fixate on whatever little bug shows up on the backdrop and miss the next 30 seconds of dialogue.

@mr.montage1313 8 лет назад

Spider at 8:37 :( Please kill it with everything.

@greasinplays 7 лет назад

that spider is in so many videos lol i see spiders in the background all the time

@dragoscoco2173 8 лет назад

at 8:34 I see why you need the Insect attractant.

@snakebarber 3 года назад

Me, knowing jack shit about chemistry but just watching for the entertainment value... "I ended up adding small amounts at a time, and just jamming it through with a pair of scissors" I understand this part!

@erasmuspedersen6106 4 года назад

Can you make Triethylaluminium from Aluminium Isopropoxide ?

@theginginator1488 8 лет назад

Could Mercury be substituted out for gallium since you raised the temperature anyway? Since gallium dissolves aluminium just like Mercury? Could be a cool experiment.

@NileRed 8 лет назад

Yeah I have heard that gallium does work, but I've never tried it.

@kerplunkboydotNET 8 лет назад

Looking forward for the Nitrous Oxide!!!

@vegetablescankill 8 лет назад

This!!

@AskArthur 7 лет назад

At 1:45, you said you would provide a link to how you can make iodine from tincture, but it's not there.

@KakashiBallZ 8 лет назад

MPV reduction is a cool reaction but is crazy unreliable.

@theginginator1488 8 лет назад

He said that he only had a 2% yield for his reduction, so I'd say so.

6 лет назад

Cyclic ketones with moderate steric hindrance can be reduced quite readily and in my experience in very good yields (>85%). Actually, compared to most hydride reagents, the reaction complex is quite large and can discriminate against sterically less accessible substrates.

@WilliamFord972 3 года назад

@ Based selective reduction

@pvc988 8 лет назад

Couldn't see a thing at some moments. Some darker or non uniform background (like maybe channel logo or something) would help a lot.

@israelpala1681 4 года назад

What can i use as catalyst instead of Hg chloride?

@elementcollector995 8 лет назад

I read a book and it said that there is a substance (Antimony Pentafluoride + HF) which has a PH of -31 that only Teflon is resistant too not sure if it is true but could you do a video about the resistant quality's of Teflon.

@drov_n1741 7 лет назад

if you don't mind me asking... how much did I cost to get some of your glassware and other equipment

@AvitalaTheWingedWolf 3 года назад

I wonder how much of an effect the foil size is, since most of it's surface area is only on two planes. The addition of the cut edges to the surface area shouldn't be much in comparison? Though it looks like you folded the aluminum... I would guess that reduces the functional surface area from the flat planes until the process has progressed somewhat, while increasing the effect of the cut edges? Just an idle thought.

@Rahulshorts_spots 7 месяцев назад

Hii Nile I am Rahul from India, I saw your video how to make Aluminium isipropoxide, really impressed with your experiment I am also working in a lube industry and making aluminium isopropoxide using your video but I am stuck because aluminium foil is not melting in IPA not able to move to next step , please guide me to do further Nile ... Waiting for your reply

@bruhdye 5 лет назад

2:05 chemistry bong

@zanpekosak2383 7 лет назад

5:54 Says hydroiodic acid but is written as 3H2 EDIT: I have read the description now! Ups

@Madarpok 8 лет назад

Why not just add the solid HgCl2 straight to the 3-neck flask? You would have a lot more solvent to dissolve it, avoid the hassle and avoid contaminating an addition funnel.

@fabianfeliciani6785 8 лет назад

Can you do a video about how to extract pure barium nitrate from sparkelers

@Romuls753 3 года назад

Sounds like something Extractions and Ire would do

@HuskyMachining 7 лет назад

I know I'm a little late to this video but I just discovered you and I'm watching all the fun looking vijayos. I have to say that I don't necessarily agree with you that chopping up the aluminum foil to much smaller pieces would do much. Because you are only introducing a small new surface area (thickness of aluminum foil is 0.016mm). I ran the numbers with a small 100mm by 100mm piece of Al foil and the different between not cutting it up at all and cutting it to 100 square pieces would only increase the surface are by 0.3%. Even if you cut it up to 10,000 equal pieces, you would only increase the surface ares by 3%

@MuzikBike 8 лет назад

Wait... diatomic hydrogen is hydroiodic acid?

@FlaskFlash168 5 дней назад

THE LITTLE ANT!!!

@htomerif 6 лет назад

Would it have been possible to use HCl dissolved in the isopropyl alcohol to remove the oxide from the aluminum instead of using the pretty unpleasant mercuric chloride? I guess it would add a minimal amount of water, but it can't be that important if you're opening the reaction vessel without purging the atmosphere.

@user-chemistpharmacist 3 года назад

Love this channel.

@MattDiver 3 года назад

Fyi at 6:00 you have H2 labeled as hydroiodic acid.

@tobinator680 8 лет назад

At 5:49 i think you made a mistake: You've written 3H2 instead of 3HI or am i wrong?

@theginginator1488 8 лет назад

You are correct, it should say hydrogen, but we all make mistakes

@donvoltonus8898 4 года назад

How do you tell the difference between something with a low freezing point, and something with a higher point, but a tendency to supercool?

@jabney7 5 лет назад

It might be more satisfying to think of a hair drier as a bubble-gummer-grade heat gun.

@aydinbiber7616 2 года назад

8:28 Spider on the wall at the right side.

@jonasbvl8909 4 года назад

I'm doing an aluminum amalgam process. But in my manual it says I can use H2O instead of isopropyl alcohol. Can I really use water as a substitute in the amalgam process?

@catshitonthecarpet8520 5 лет назад

What happens when you stick a glass stir rod or metal spatula into the solidified aluminum isopropoxide?

@liltailhole3899 3 года назад

8:29 bug

@189643478 8 лет назад

In the reaction equation at 5:57 there's an error. It says hydriodic acid under the 3H2.

@NileRed 8 лет назад

Definitely a mistake. I changed it in the annotations

@vinishshetty8055 5 лет назад

second half of the reaction was much tedious and you didn't see much happening but I saw an ant/spider on the wall from 8:28 - 8:40

@unitedchainsofamerica Год назад

I love... Umm... A certain synthesis route that requires this.... Using some synthetic perfume, and some tree bark😊. Maybe an extra 25 ml of PMK so you don't have to add any heat😊

@jamez6398 8 лет назад

Why don't you use acidified dichromate instead?? In my class we used acidified dichromate for oxidations and sodium borohydride for reductions; mercury and mercury compounds were banned in my lab.

@marshallhamilton9244 6 лет назад

I've looked at most of your videos and I can't see an answer.. do you have a video for some one that's just starting out. Like something I can do with my 5 year old.. just asking thanks

@dylanmissuwe4839 8 лет назад

can you make zinc sulphide(glow powder)?

@ThatBum42 5 лет назад

Making aluminum isopropoxide at home? That's isopreposterous!

@Johnpao215 8 лет назад

That yield though.

@justinstephens5167 8 лет назад

dude, i have to say that i hate chemistry with the passion of a thousand fiery suns but!!!!! i do love your channel. I have been through some chemistry classes in my college time and no one has ever explained thing as you have. please keep making your videos! you actually make things interesting by showing how and why things happen and their resolution. you do a VERY good job of showing the reactions on the "paper" visual scale within the video! again please keep them coming!!!!

@xPROxSNIPExMW2xPOWER 8 лет назад

you + Old Nurdrage would probably rule intellectual youtube, wait are you low key Nurd Rage??

@Algorhythm027 8 лет назад

is the Al isopropoxide flammable? it might be cool to supercool it and then have it freeze and burn at the same time

@flurgy22 8 лет назад

cool, now I know how Nile red looks.

@Mic_Glow 5 лет назад

Why do you use aluminum foil instead of dust?

@JoseChavez-tu8ne 5 лет назад

Is there some database somewhere that has a lot of compounds and how to synthesize them or what can you do with them or something

@krisztianszirtes5414 8 лет назад

Could this be used to reduce MEK into isobutanol in an ethanol mixture? If that can be done, you could remove the MEK contaminance from the European type of denatured alcohol which is pure ethanol, bitrex and MEK Although I doubt you could do it right next to the ethanol...

@braceharvey 8 лет назад

Hey Nile, when you make Nitrous Oxide are you going to use the Ammonium Nitrate method?

@pushbutton8548 8 лет назад

6:01 Hydriodic acid = H2 LOL

@ElGatoLoco698 8 лет назад

You mentioned this in your last video but why the heck do you keep making stinky compounds and compounds that attract biting insects?

@wadofighter06 8 лет назад

if I remember correctly (don't quote me on this), he said he's making these types of compounds because he finds it interesting.

@ElGatoLoco698 8 лет назад

kyle temple I figured he had a specific use in mind. It might be interesting to see it actually used.

@AltoidJTP 8 лет назад

The funny part will be when the end product he is after here actually works - and attracts tons of biting insects to the area covered by his lab exhaust fan.

@_RobBanks 4 года назад

So this is useful when you have saffrole and methylamine?

@jvanvynck 7 лет назад

Why didn't you just dissolve the mercuric chloride in the IPA before pouring it into the addition funnel?

@pietrotettamanti7239 6 лет назад

John Van Vynck he did it not to contaminate other containers with mercuric chloride. Each container which touches a mercury salt must be washed several times and all the water from the washes must be added to a proper waste container. And washing mercury-contaminated glassware isn't funny. It's quite risky.

@xenonram 8 лет назад

A 2D object has the same surface area no matter how small you cut them. Unless you're talking about the thickness of the foil, which is negligible.

@ryangunnison38 8 лет назад

The foil was either folded or layered

@xenonram 8 лет назад

+Ryan Gunnison Doesn't matter, even if it's folded, it's not water tight. So the liquid is going to come into contact will all surfaces of the foil.

@AltoidJTP 8 лет назад

Not really. The smaller the pieces (using your 2D thinking as a model) the more significant the thickness becomes. Consider this: A 10mm square piece of aluminium that happens to be 1mm thick. That gives you (assuming I can still do math this late) 240 square mm of surface area. Now cut that piece into 1mm cubes (10x10) and you have a surface area of 600 square mm (100 pieces at 6 square mm each)

@nolanwilson3021 8 лет назад

Aluminum foil is not 2 dimensional. The third dimension happens to be very small, but its still there and is not negligible when the pieces begin to get very small.

@xenonram 8 лет назад

+Michael Stern The thickness is of the metal will make absolutely no difference. With the thickness of Al foil being 0.024 mm, using your 10mm square piece, not including the sides, it has 200 sq. mm. Including the thickness, you have 201 sq. mm. Lol, so you added 0.5% Surface area. So... again, the thickness is negligible.

@plante1999 8 лет назад

you didn't need to use mercuric chloride _and_ iodine. one or the other works.

@ytmachx 8 лет назад

Using both is much quicker

@AlChemicalLife 8 лет назад

+ytmachx whoa! I haven't seen you around in ages ... :( , welcome back :D

@AskArthur 8 лет назад

One of the chemicals is used simply to scratch off the outer layer of aluminum oxide right? If so, will Lugol's iodine work all right? I have a small bottle of Lugol's that says it is 4% KI and 2% I2.

@Metalhammer1993 7 лет назад

could simply use more of what´s cheaper. catalyst concentration is the only thing that matters .so a bit more iodine or a bit more of mercuric chloride would´ve worked. though i´d go with the iodine just because of the formation of AlI3 which should work much quicker than the reaction between Aluminium with isopropanol alone. sure another step in the reaction but a pretty quick one.

@pietrotettamanti7239 7 лет назад

Arthur Eby no, the lugol's reactive is a water solution, and this preparation is water sensitive. You definitely can't use it. Only dry iodine can be used or a solution of iodine in isopropyl alcohol. You should extract the iodine from the solution, but if your bottle is small (i think about 100 mL) extracting it is pointless. Better buying some KI in the pharmacy and reacting it with nitric acid or sulphuric acid. Or even H2O2/HCl mixture. Or just buy it. I got 50g of iodine for €7. But maybe you live in one of the horrible countries where all kind of chemicals are restricted.

@RajibHasan 2 года назад

Nile has the red red red red 🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🟥🔴🔴🔴🟥🔴🔴🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🔴🟥🔴🟥🔴🟥 channel