It's explained in the book, but not in the movie, that the park is very badly managed. Nearly everything is automated (so Hammond doesn't have to pay engineers and technicians) with little to no redundancy or double-checking and each one comes back to bite the protagonists in the ass. Nedry wrote the ENTIRE source code running those automated systems with no oversight and since Hammond underpaid him and threatened his career if he walked, he took Biosyn's deal to steal the embryos. The park has a motion-tracking dinosaur counter that's programmed to tell its monitor if there are X number of dinosaurs in case any die or get lost; characters looking at the code discover that it stops counting after it reaches X and when they rewrite the code to find the true number, the counter comes back over twice the desired number, which reveals that the dinosaurs have been reproducing out-of-control the entire time. The power grid is so poorly setup that a single generator runs the entire fence system plus the telephones and the main breaker box is kept halfway across the island from the control centre. The guest vehicles have no manual controls in case of power failure, leading to long waits for recovery even without dinosaurs running rampant. Basically, Hammond built the park on Isla Nublar because any other jurisdiction would have forced him to comply with workplace safety standards that could have prevented the disaster in the first place.
@@michaellorah9051 That's not part of the Lore of the book. Henry do talk to Hammond about his "dinosaur" being optimized to comply to the preconception of the public, and even alluded to make them slower and docile in the case of some predators.
That programming error is too silly to be real, this is the problem with Michael Critons writing, they are all based on the premise that teams of engineers are as lazy and stupid in their enginering as Criton himself is in doing research on science and enginering.
I think a dozen nukes or a few Tsar Bomba would have been cheaper than the cost of engineering a lysine deficiency contingency into 100 thousands to multi-million dollar cost per dinosaur
Every time you point out something in this movie like the lack of security measures or the character contaminating the lab...that's part of the point. Jurassic Park was a massive diatribe about the why overcentralization, cutting corners, greed and arrogance would derail anything.
Exactly. The scientists implementing the lysine contingency being debunked as useless is the exact point that Ian Malcom was talking about. In their rush to create the dinosaurs, they failed to truly appreciate all of the implications. Even when they implemented a contingency plan, it still could not hold back the "chaos" of "life finding a way." Also, the girl doesn't just "for some reason" know Unix, it's said in the movie that she's a "hacker" and Timmy makes fun of her saying she just sits in her room playing on the computer all day.
There's five people dead who should have learned that lesson, although a difference is bad engineering is because of diversity hiring instead of listening to the skilled ones. It sucks that five Darwin awards had to be handed out at the bottom of the ocean instead of people just learning from this movie.
Fun fact: In the original book, little Timmy wasn't the useless child. He was the dinosaur nerd whilst his sister was the sports jock who didn't care about dinosaurs and he actually did a few important things, such as establishing a connection with the ship so they wouldn't reach the mainland with a raptor aboard.
how long does DNA in blood last in a mosquito's stomach before it's destroyed? cause yeah for Dino DNA to be viable the mosquito's stomach acid would have to be neutralized within that time by the amber to save the DNA
@@raven4k998according to the books? Forever, according to our disappointing reality? Theoretically in ideal conditions few hundred thousand years at most, factually just a few tens of thousands of years, that's why we have managed to sequence the genome of mammoths and neanderthals but nothing much older than that, DNA unfortunately it's not a very stable molecule, it could never survive a million years, let alone from 65 to hundreds of millions of years
@@ericsaul9306 And the only reason we even managed to get Mammoth and Neanderthal DNA sequences at all in the first place is because of those ideal conditions and freak accidents. Just like the rarity of whole skeletal fossil remains, be it a bone or more, Mammoths actually falling through the ice, dying, and mummifying through freezing has only ever been documented like... twice?
@@ericsaul9306 Lets also not forget, they SOMEHOW in the book managed go grind up the bones to get DNA from them, which should not have worked. How it could possibly work out at all is that the marrow might of been readable but obviously not possible even in good conditions. Another fun little fact about characters, in the second book, Sarah is actually the last member of the crew to make it to the island and the first is actually a shut-in scientist who believes anyone who goes out into the field is not actually a scientist. Also in both novels Malcom is actually a balding nerd who wears blacks and greys and at one point gets carried by Sarah who is fairly fit.
Fun fact: during the scene with Rexy attacking the roof of the truck, the animatronic accidentally punched the glass out on top of the kids, which wasn’t supposed to happen. So the screaming terror of the kids desperately pushing the glass back against Rexy was 100% real.
When I was younger, that scene in the kitchen of the claw tapping against the floor TERRIFIED me. I swore I heard it in the hallway of my house at night but I couldn’t yell or anything because I didn’t want it to come closer. Turns out the ice maker on our fridge was just loud as hell.
You’re not the only one, 8 year old me was terrified of sleeping with my face pointed to the wall because I swore a raptor was going to eviscerate me from the back. It has been the subject of family jokes to this day.
@@jrivxxi2947 oh my god absolutely. Even that scene in the beginning with Alan and the kid with the claw kinda messed me up a little bit if I thought about it too much.
I love _Jurassic Park_ because its full of contingency meassures that a scientist will knew wouldn't work but are sounded enough for a lay person or a bussiness investor to say "yep, it sounds safe enough", and that's the tech industry in a nutshell
@@raven4k998 The book was written during the Metal Years, before Bullet Time even existed, although it's probably fair to ding Crichton for not imagining how quickly dvds would replace cds as the hard medium of choice.
The Lysine Contingency is explained better in the book. In short, the only source of the lysine was the food that Jurassic Park gave the dinosaurs due to the plants being modified/selected to contain little to no lysine. Elderberries and other “invasive” species of plant worked its way onto the island negating the plan.
Yep, this fit into the message the book was trying to convey which was no matter how much we humans try to control nature, nature as Malcom put it with "Life" "Finds a Way" to screw up whatever plans you believed would work (It's why the saying goes "Plans usually don't survive contact" I mean ever heard The Masque of the Red Death where a bunch of nobles thought to wall themselves away from the peasants and the plague that was affecting them....only for the Plague to be walled in WITH them! There is no such thing as "the Perfect plan" only a "Plan A with a shit ton of Plans B-Z at the ready and a Immediate EJECT if all else fails!")
Even though it isn't canon I'm think there was bit in the Jurassic Park Telltale Game that says the bounty hunters sent to find the can of embryos triggers automated Lysine that enters into the water source. Just interesting one story says it's the food and other says it's the water. (Although I could just be remembering wrong)
I always just assumed the reason Dr. Grant's theory about T-rex's vision being based on movement sort of being "proven" is the fact that they used frog DNA. Many frog species visions are actually based on movement. Which would explain why his theory is confirmed in Jurassic Park
So in the book grant figures out during the 1st trex attack its vision was based on movement, which aligned to other theories they had in the book such as the specific species of frog that is hermaphroditic... and its also why Dilophosaurus spits venom and has the frill because it was mixed with the DNA of a snake (most likely some type of cobra) The movie instead of following a similar pace to the book waited till the half way / 2/3rds mark to point out the hybrid issue
@@andrewcook2625 Not entirely true about the vision bit. In the first book, Grant's first assumption is that it's vision is based off movement, however later on due to multiple other run ins he questions himself but never comes to a hard conclusion, eventually it comes out by someone else that Rexy simply was already full or did not want to eat more, pretty much messing with Grant. In the second book, it is pointed out during a certain point where Dodgeson's team is stealing eggs from the Rex nest that they have been miss-informed, going off a theory that the Rex had poor eyesight by a entirely different paleontologist. In reality, their eyesight is excellent and that they were all deadmen pretty much.
It should be known that in the book, the Lysine Contingency is disrupted by exactly what you brought up - the dinos had been eating *more* than the food they'd been given, and thus were able to bypass the deficiency (which was more than just a lack of it, it was an engineered hyper-processing of Lysine that would cause the dinos to over-use it)
@@funkmantim2661 Yup - because Lysine is easily found by just eating the right foods, and those foods would be plentiful most places in the world. The Dinos that head to Antarctica are, unfortunately, a little bit screwed.
@@XaviusNight Unfortunately that is something bypassed by the migration pattern. They move towards Antarctica as the weather warms up but then return south when things start to cool back down. Plus, with the fact we know some of them can breed, also possible that even if they get caught in the cold, there is a chance they will essentially hibernate, slowing down their functions until things warm up enough for them to function (I do not know the exacts, I just know some frogs pretty much freeze themselves.)
I just graduated with my genetics degree and the theme of the original Jurassic Park is so ridiculously relevant. We are so preoccupied if we can we don't think if we should. Genetic editing has only gotten stronger and the there are so many ethical and moral questions about it.
@@RoanokeGamingbut on the other side, if we can easily correct genetic errors before birth that would cause horrible diseases later in life, or severely reduced quality of life, and we don't, are we not responsible for that suffering? Though really we should look into getting affordable medication to the millions of people dying of the entirely curable tuberculosis. You think we don't already have designer babies? Look at the rich, the athletes, the actors. The successful ones. Who are they related to?
@@danielled8665 Having powerful parents is one thing, but the rich still have all the same physical limitations of everyone else. Depending on who you're talking about, there could easily be poor people who are actually more physical gifted than them. For example, I have 20/20 vision. I was born like this. How many rich people can say the same? The difference being wealthy or powerful and being a perfect superhuman is massive
@filmandfirearms Rich people can get Lazer eye surgery. Rich people hire personal trainers. They get signed up for all the after school programs and the best teams with the best coaches. They get nutritionists and personal chefs. You think a diet of ramen and mac&cheese is going to give you the same shot at success as Mr "I get salmon on Tuesdays because it's a healthy fat, but I get to treat myself on Friday with Wagu steak on enriched rice with *etc etc etc*" They're getting private tutors. They're getting therapists to work on anything they're struggling with.
Something to point out however: Utahraptors COULD get up to 6 feet tall, however they were actually a bit larger than the Velociraptors in the film, which were based on Deinonychus (Michael Crichton, the original writer of the book, just thought that the name Velociraptor sounded cooler, and justified this in the book by explaining it with an outdated hypothesis that suggested that the two species, Velociraptor and Deinonychus, were in the same genus, which is most likely false). However, Deinonychus itself was still a bit small compared to the raptors in the film, which seem to be closest in size to the other dromaeosaurs Dakotaraptor and Achillobator.
@@MasterFancyPants True, however that does beg the question - at what point are they no longer dinosaurs? Their DNA may be modified, but they still have dinosaur genetics. But when does that make them not dinosaurs? Are they even reptiles, or are they just pseudo-frogs? Quite a thought provoking question in my opinion.
Pretty sure Crichton just upscaled a deinonychus. Around when he was writing the novel, Deinonychus had 2 names. The other one, which fell into disuse and is apocryphal now, was _velociraptor Antirrhopus._ The author picked the name he liked more. Really wish people would stop harping on this one. Utahraptor wasn't discovered until after the book came out, and it's kinda uncanny how close it is to the book raptors.
A yes, the immortal inside joke that is the lyscine contingency. Been looking forward to this one. When you get a chance, I recommend reading the book. It goes deeper into the science and emphasizes how wildly unprepared Hammond and his team were to handle these animals.
They didn't even know what they were cloning, either. They'd just clone whatever DNA they could acquire and compare the resulting hatchling to old textbooks. The raptors were Deinonychus clones, but they went with Velociraptor as a name because it was more marketable.
Honestly the visuals of this movie still hold up today. I was terrified of this film when I was a kid and would hide in my bedroom while my parents, who loved it, would watch it downstairs in the living room. Now I think Jurassic Park may be my favourite movie of all time.
Dude I can NOT stop laughing at your narration. Loved the "they thought they would be safe. Nope!" line with the raptors. Thank you for having SO much personality when you do your videos!
1:26 Actually the novels touch on this question. Ian questions Allen if the dinosaurs being shown are realistic or only realistic from the perspective of paleontologists at that point in time. Confirmation biase basically. Wu even suggests to Hammond they could make them more docile and Hammond replied they wouldn't be realistic, to which Wu basically says they aren't now due to the frog dna. The movies touched on it a little. "Nothing on this island is natural " -Wu Oh as far as Utahraptors 5:03 , actually they were much larger. Polar Bear sized
From what I've heard they did that just to excuse not making scientifically accurate dinosaurs. Not in-verse but the actual movie creators. Makes more sense than them genuinely defaulting to an amphibian.
11:43 Fun Fact: The idea of a tropical storm was not originally in the film. During filming in Hawaii, the production was actually hit by Hurricane Iniki - a Category 4 storm. And because it was so devastating and so disrupting, they actually went out to get footage of it and worked it into the film. There is a Weather Channel documentary of the actors, nearly 30 years later, talking about just how bad the hurricane was and how this happened. (It's on YT, just look around for it.)
Fun fact, one of the pilots who took cast and crew on the island, is the actor from 'Raiders of the Lost Ark' , Jacque. He said' that's my pet snake Reggie '
yeah that’s def not true - it was a major plot point from the novel. cool story though. here’s what actually happened: there WAS a storm while filming, and it shut down filming on location in Hawaii. meanwhile all of the storm scenes in the finished movie were filmed on soundstages. but yeah your story is def more interesting sounding :)
@@AwesometownUSA I don't know which of you is correct. But I would like to point out that just because something is in the book and film doesn't mean it was meant to be in the film. It is possible that during the planning of the film, something was intended to be cut due to either budgetary, technical or other concerns but later reversed the decision due to some other happenstance. I would say that in vast majority of cases, if multiple media are consistent, they are meant to be so. But that fact alone is not sufficient proof for intent during the process.
As soon as you mentioned body fat not being a thing with fossils, my immediate thought was how penguin skeletons are mostly neck. Now I can't imagine a therizinosaurus without it being an absolute unit at the top.
But we have found imprints of body shapes. Including body shape, scales and feathers. We don't know their colors, but we can estimate how thicc the bois were.
I don't think a Therizinosaurus would be able to keep it's balance with sich a bodyshape. After all, penguins aren't particularily tall and have rather short legs.
Why is it whenever people bring up the shrinkwrap theory that they always use mammals and birds. As if we don't have reptiles today that conform pretty closely to their skeletons. As if we don't have animals today that have bits and bobs poking out of their skin. The most comically stupid example was when people thought that ceratopsians actually had a big ole flesh hump behind their frills which forms a hump like bison. It was idiotic because it would render their neck extremely immobile.
Therizinosaurus, unfortunately, had relatively skinny necks, however, plesiosaurs are right there! Long necks, exclusively aquatic, probably in cold, deep waters. It is my belief that plesiosaurs and, maybe, pliosaurs, were big, long, chonky penguin wannabees
Fun fact: The original Jurassic Park lunchbox was recalled because, as you can see from the photo in the video 10:38, the thermos really did have a 'Bio-hazard' warning on it, even though it was just for fun. They decided it was a bad idea to advertise that something labeled with biohazard actually has soup or chocolate milk in it, so they re-released the lunchbox with the thermos have the regular Jurassic Park logo instead. I actually owned one of those lunchboxes back when the movie first came out, with the biohazard thermos (no I do not still have it, I was in like 5th grade, it got pretty much destroyed cause I was a little kid, I did love that lunch box though).
About the storm: the tropical storm was spotted shifting course hours in advance. The detour to the sick triceratops takes 3-4 hours (the archeologists hold up the entire group to study it) and by the time the T-Rex escapes it's been roughly 6 hours. They should have been back "safe" hours earlier.
16:45 This is actually explained in the book! Its mentioned several times that there are moats behind the fences as an added protection. The Tyrannosaurus simply crossed over it when knocking the fence down. Not a very effective moat, but I guess it plays into the entire idea of Jurassic Park being extremely underprepared and overconfidant.
15:30 Dr Ian Malcolm takes advantage of the chaos to kill the lawyer who abandoned the kids. His action was spontaneous, emotionally driven, and poorly planned leading him to underestimate the rex and get slammed into the wall. When he was found injured, he was considered a victim.
Ooo, interesting theory. Malcolm intentionally leading the T-Rex to the lawyer for being a coward. I still think he just had no clue what he was doing, but was just trying to save Dr. Grant's life due to not realizing the T-Rex's vision was based on movement, but I still like the idea.
Actually he screams at Grant twice "Get the kids". "Ian FREEZE!" "Get the kids!" "Get rid of the flare!" "GET THE KIDS!!" Though not actually wanting to be killed, he was prepared to risk his own safety and draw the Rex away for the sake of two children. Ok, he got hurt, and in the process as well gets Gennaro killed, but he does in fact give Grant a chance to get to the aid of the children.
@@TheRealRodentit's been a long time since I've seen the movie but yeah, that guy was a dumbass but a great guy nonetheless. I mean very misguided because the other guy already had it handled and he didn't know how to survive a T-rex encounter, but still gotta give him credit for having more drive to save a child then his own life when I'm pretty sure a lotta humans would just go "yeeeah... We can make more later. Time to run!"
@@TheRealRodent It is true that protecting the kids may have been the primary motivation, but the character performs similar impulsive actions in the sequel film. In the Lost World, although holding contrary goals regarding the dinosaurs, the trappers came to the aid of the main cast following the Tyrannosaurus attack. They provided protection, shelter, and rations to their fellow man, but because of their unaligned goals, Ian Malcolm acted as a saboteur and compromised the safety of everyone. He tampered with their guns and left them unable to immediately defend themselves against the rex pair (who were presumably lured by his girlfriend's negligence regarding their infant's blood on her jacket).
I believe the “Velociraptors” in JP are supposed to be based on a close relative Deinonychus Antirrhopus which work’s fantastic in the context of the story because it shows that they really didn’t know what they were making despite acting like they did. Though the real reason is that Velociraptor just sounded cooler than Deinonychus.
The name Velociraptor ended up having some plot relevance as well since Crichton liked to go into tangential metaphors. Like the "Hupia/raptor" part of folklore where they steal babies, and then is found that escaped dinos are eating babies in other islands.
Must be the english bias which make velociraptor sound cooler then deinonychus, for as swedish native speaker deinonychus sound cooler. Plus being abit older so was deinonychus the poster child for the raptors back in the 70-80ies, velociraptor took over after jurassic park. Fun thing is the dino books i had in the 80ies had already feathers on the raptors plus in the 90ies was it mainstream, but the producers of jurassic park though feathers on the dinos would make them less scary, i bet they have never had run in to an angry turkey or canadian goose.
As a paleontologist, I confirm this is exactly what happened. Also the danger wasn't the fact and individual alone was terrifying, but that they were a pack hunter with about 30 on the island.
Just a note on precordial thumps: I have been an RN for 25 yrs, and am state certified to train the trainer for ARC First Aid/CPR, as well as teach the classes. The indication for it is only for monitored ventricular tachycardia where a defibrillator isn't available. The person performing it must know exactly how much force to apply and where. Even when done correctly, the chance is high that the person's cardiac rhythm may deteriorate or they may go into asystole, so it's important that they are surrounded by medical professionals who are prepared to deal with that. Don't attempt to perform the procedure unless you are positive that it is ventricular tachycardia, which you can't know unless they're hooked up to an EKG or a defibrillator reading their cardiac rhythm. A defibrillator will automatically analyze and perform the shock. If you aren't medically trained in the procedure, then you won't be covered by the Good Samaritan law if you injure the person, or worse.
Fun fact: the "cardiac thump" aka Precordial thump mentioned at 29:00 originated in 1970, after a patient in an ambulance was returned to normal heart rhythm after the vehicle hit a pothole. As mentioned, it is almost never used now that we have defibrillators and CPR.
On the sheer cliff of the T. Rex pen, according to some Jurassic Park lore, there was a partially earthen ramp on part of the wall that the T. Rex could walk up on so it could be viewed by visitors. Inside that ramp is the room where the goat was kept, as well as the mechanism that lifted it up. The top of the ramp is where the goat came out to be bait for and devoured by the T. Rex, so the visitors could view it.
Yeah that scene actually makes perfect sense with that information. Hammond even mentions to Genarro that the moats are in place. There’s a diagram on the Wiki page that explains it clearly.
I’m a huge JP fan and I didn’t notice that. I figured it was just hand-waved for the sake of better emotional intensity and action sequences. I don’t remember how Rexy go over the moat in the book either
The film producers had already decided on using velociraptor as the primary villian species but the species utahraptor was discovered just as filming began. The palentologist they were using called the studio to let them the species with the size they were using had been found. But they had so much that already been finalized in the script that said velociraptor so they kept it.
Before watching the video: I remember becoming educated and learning that... lysine deficiency isn't uncommon, in fact humans get most of our lysine from what we eat anyway, but Crichton being an educated man, probably meant this as one of Hammond and InGen's many oversights, that lysine deficiency is easily overcome
100%. In the books, the dinosaurs that escaped just solved this by sniffing out veggies high in lysine. The only reason the lysine contingency worked on the island in any way is because the island HAD no plants that could supply lysine.
@@Xahnel Actually, they did get lysine from plants in the island too because the landscapers were focused on "what looks pretty" rather than the functionality. Lysine is then recycled back into the environment by the compys eating the poo of the bigger herbivores, and also further predation. It's how they survived in site B
@@osirisatot19 Yep! Isla Sorna, where they actually bred most of the dinosaurs. The breeding facility on the original island was essentially just for show. When the park was abandoned, Isla Sorna was too, and it ended up becoming its own ecosystem.
@@bethpike1771 Though if i remember correctly the ecosystem of Isla Sorna is doomed to fail. At the end of the second book it is mentioned that the behavior of some of big herbivores, like Brachiosaurus, is strange and not normal. It is then explained that it is due to a prion infection, changeing their brains like the mad cow disease. Ultimately the dinosaurs on site B would all succumb to this infection, which is also why Crichton never wrote a third book. Jurassic Park 3 is loosely based on his first two works but was not envisioned by him.
My favorite film theory/head canon for Jurassic Park is that the dinosaurs are forgeries. Hammond made up the mosquitoes in amber story and Wu was just mashing together DNA until they got something that looked like modern recreations of dinosaurs
Funny thing is Michael Chrichton was a scientist and actually accounted for alot of the problems in the movie in his books The creatures were always kinda meant to not be "just dinosaurs" but were like freaks of science that looked like dinosaurs. Ironically the Jurassic World movies/tv shows treat it more like that than the original JP movies and they also explore the sort of mad scientist behind all of it more. Btw the Camp Cretaceous show by dreamworks was surprisingly pretty good
"Now what John Hammond and InGen did at Jurassic Park, is create genetically-engineered, theme-park monsters. Nothing more, and nothing less." - Doctor Alan Grant, Jurassic Park III
I love how the holes in the electric fence are big enough for Timmy to just go through but he climbs it instead. Shit, I bet even Lex could fit through.
Look closer to the top left of the shot, knotice the fence just ends! Could have just walked 15ft to the left and walked around it. I know its a continuity error… but still
"I've seen a horse eat a chicken before" Is a quote I was 100% not prepared for but I've seen a video of a cow eating a snake so I absolutely believe it....must've been horrifying.
Believe it or not thats actually not uncommon for them. They get phospherous from bones or road kill that they need in their diets so they get it from snakes, roadkill or just random bones. Most herbivores do eat meat occasionally if they are lacking in dietary nutrients they need
It wasn’t really addressed in the first movie, but the book does talk about the fact that the what they created weren’t dinosaurs in the purest sense because they had been modified so much in order to make them viable. I always thought that was a missed opportunity. It does come up in the first Jurassic World.
The cardiac thump! I didn't know there was a name for it. But when grandma was a younger woman, her elderly neighbor's husband had a heart attack. The EMTs came and tried to bring him back but weren't able. His wife pounded on his chest. "Jerry! I'm not done with you yet!" He came to, and they lived happily for several more years. Relationship goals right there.
I loved dinosaurs as a child and wanted to be a paleontologist. My family discouraged me all the time, saying paleontologists didn’t make a lot of money. So I showed them all and became an artist instead.
Idk why but I was fully expecting you to point out the bit after the raptor breaks the glass and chases them up the vents, the shot of it looking up at the roof and you can see some sort of projection along its face that looks like lines of genetic code.
I remember the TT game going into the absurdity of the “dinosaurs” Wu and Hammond created, Dr. Sorkin in the game was upset that Hammond chose Wu over her as the chief geneticist and she claimed that if Hammond had chose her instead she would’ve created accurate dinosaurs instead of the rushed amalgamations that Wu pumped out in a hurry to appease Hammond, essentially the reason the dinosaurs don’t look right (at least according to the Telltale game) is because Hammond wanted to save money and time by choosing Wu who promised quicker cheaper product, game also explains how the dinosaurs get past the contingency, Sorkin introduced a reversal drug of sorts into the main water supply of the island to preserve the life of the dinosaurs as she’s a hippie who hated Hammond and Wu for treating the dinosaurs as property and not living beings
I'm just saying, from the 4 years I spent working as a groundskeeper at our local zoo and the 29 years I've watched and assisted my mother during her years as a regular keeper, the initial scene from that film always felt a little too close to how things actually work for my liking. Especially around the gorillas and the lions. Elephants too for that matter. There might be pulleys but I gotta tell you that's a very very modern and recent event. There was a long period, I'm talking years here, where to let the lions back in from their enclosure involved you unlocking a door, leaving it cracked, then hauling ass up a stairwell knowing damn well all it would take is one of them hopping down into the moat and touching that door to realize it was open and then they were right up the stairs behind you and on your back before you finished the climb. If you got to the top you had another door with a pulley to open the chute for them to enter the pen, but until you got to the top the only thing between you and a pair of lionesses which had deliberately killed their mother by smacking her down into the moat and then eating her alive was a big cat's lack of curiosity. That scene scared me as a kid and my young adult years working there only reinforced it. Glad I keep the grounds of a golf course now instead. Much less dangerous.
The T Rex's eyesight is actually acute, unless they engineered Rexy to be myopic and near sighted. Not only that, their sense of smell was far better than most dogs, so not only would standing still not deter her, but also the kids and grant having sweating profusely in fear, would smell. Next comes the snack.
I think both of these can be explained away. Because they used frog DNA, the T-Rex’s eyesight could have been affected and more like a frogs, which is mostly sight based. And for the sweat, rainwater could be washing them away.
Honestly, knowing the entire theme of the story is that humans try to control forces we do not understand thus making a hash of it, the fact that the lysine contingency sucks just plays into that theme even more. JP shouldn't have been attempted, but humans did it anyway with bleeding edge technology which then inevitably goes wrong as all human endeavors eventually do. It just goes to show how well written the original story is that it STILL makes sense after the science has been corrected!
up until recently, i always fought against the point that people investing this much money into this technology with hopes and dreams of making even more money from their endeavors wouldnt be this stupid. they would pay the best minds they could find all the money, and patiently wait until the tech was advanced enough to pull it off safely. then the submersible incident happened. now, jurassic park seems much more realistic
@@jonmetrick7998 I think it has something to do with the way humans evolved. We have too strong a bias for immediate rewards over slower, long term rewards. Taken to its maximum extreme you get people like Hammond. He had a desire so strong and overwhelming that once he had the money, JP was a near certain failure. We see this in market economies all the time. People invested 10s of trillions of dollars into Chinese manufacturing because it gave the most immediate rewards. Now? China's manufacturing is crumbling, with hundreds of companies just cutting their losses in China to relocate to India or Vietnam for the exact same reasons.
@@daniell1483 China's situation is the ultimate lesson on outsourcing: unless you literally can't help it, just do it yourself, and even then, go to a friend, not a suspicious person (nation) with a lot of resources. It shouldn't have been "Made in China," but "Made in Japan!"
@@JMObyx Outsourcing to China made economic sense. But only the economic sense. If you looked at Chia holistically, as a nation to do business with, it is an obvious mistake. Greedy, corrupt CCP that explicitly hates the West, but is happy to do business with the West. Should never have happened, bottom lines be damned.
Roanoke-Sama, you didn't answer the biggest question in this movie: Is it the can or Dennis letting out a squeal of delight right before he wipes the shaving cream onto the pie slice?
Being a casual normal guy, I was wholly unaware of the sheer stupidity of the lysine contingency. Roanoke Gaming, ruining movies for me since 2020, and me loving every moment of it because I always learn something new.
Oddly enough I just watched a podcast on if we could actually bring dinosaurs back to life and it touched on a lot of what Roanoke talked about, except for one. It mentioned an experiment using birds and turning off certain DNA markers to give them the saurian features it had in the past, like turning off the genes to make a beak . But we will probably never be able to bring the dinosaurs back to life. Sure we can use breeding and other methods to make it LOOK like we think a dinosaur should but we won't actually know if we've gotten it right.
I'm 32 years old and I am absolutely not ashamed to say that I am still just as obsessed with the Jurassic Park franchise as I was when I was a kid growing up. 'JP' was the 'Jaws' of my generation and both were ironically enough made by Steven Spielberg. I love how you broke down this video because aside from the scientific breakdown (which I honestly always stick around for) the way you described the summary portion told me both that you are also a huge fan, and also had me laughing my a$$ off with your classic "bro..TF" moments. Keep it up Roanoke! I TRULY really have learned a lot from your channel in the scientific portions, which I honestly do enjoy, and love the fact that you have the same tastes in movies as myself. Edit: check out Klayton or Swrve if you and or anyone wants to absolutely know everything about anything that has to do with the Jurassic Park franchise in its entirety. They're also fantastic channels to both watch for entertainment and legitimately learn something from.
The fact that the skeleton was found in Montana makes it obvious that it's Deinonychus, which was apocryphally referred to as "Velociraptor Antirrhopus" for a short period in the 80s when Crichton wrote the novel. When seeing the dinosaur had 2 names, he picked the one he liked more. It's still too big for a Deinonychus, but it's a lot closer than v. Mongoliensis.
The book also mentions that they don't know what they're making, they just compare the end results with fossils and make some shoddy guesses. That and marketing.
Funnily enough though, the Raptors in the actual park are designated Mongoliensis, meaning that they're still oversized by a ton. The movie script had originally aimed to address this by making it all Deinonychus, but apparently Steven Spielberg veto'd the name because he thought audiences would be more receptive to Velociraptor.
Ironically it's close to the size of the Utahraptor, which was revealed to the public 1 year after the book was released, and 2 before the movie released. But yeah Crichton originally based it on the Deinonychus.
Crighton actually wrote the whole book with deinonychus in mind, but then made a last minute change because he thought the name velociraptor was more intimidating or cooler, but he never scaled down the animals. I think that’s fine since you can justify it with the in-universe Bad Science TM. The ones in the movie were bigger than deinonychus too though, more like Utah raptor sized, but it’s still funny that they were too big even in the original non-visual medium
I saw this comment before he got to that part and thought you were talking about the movie. It's crazy that crspr has such a flaw and even crazirr that genetics has this unknown capbility.
I'm sure you know, but since you didn't say it: The velociraptors"l in Jurassic Park are actually deinonychus. Michael Crichton wanted to use deinonychus, but he thought "velociraptor" was a scarier name. This is why they're much larger than IRL velociraptors and why Dr Grant is digging them up in Montana instead of Mongolia.
The “Grabbing some fast food cuz he’s running low on lysine” took me out. I friggin love your deadpan humour so much. 😂 Still hoping you cover the game Stray. Also! If she really was that into programming, it’s actually plausible for her to know how to fix the system. My grandfather was a computer/electrical engineer through the 60-70-80’s (weirdest moment was finding his name on a patent for a missile guidance system from the gulf war and him saying the movie Apollo 11 was boring “cuz he was there”) and even in retirement kept up with Everything as a hobby. His idea of a fun afternoon in the early 90’s was typing out the programs by hand from a book three times the size of a phone book. He never changed his computer and it still functioned all the way to till 2020 when he passed away, just from him tinkering with it. Early computer nerds Really built things from scratch.
Gotta say, I love the mix of review and science instead of them being kept apart, helps me pay attention longer instead of stopping several times in a video
We can actually tell a lot more about the soft tissues of dinosaurs than you’d think, based on the impact they have on the bones- but even still, many soft tissue features are lost. Imagine aliens coming across an elephant skeleton - while they’d be able to guess it had some sort of structure on its face, they probably wouldn’t reconstruct it with a long, agile trunk
You can mostly tell stuff about the muscle and tendons as well as the load those bore. But not much about surface fat deposit and almost nothing about the skin/fur/scale(assuming of the "soft" type that doesn't turn into fossils).
A star walks into a black hole but doesn't seen phased. The black hole then turns to the star and says, "I don't think you understand the gravity of this situation."
I was eight when this movie came out, and as an amateur little paleontologist/ dino expert, it was the greatest thing that ever happened to my eyes haha. by the time I was ten I’d seen the movie a half dozen times and read the novel twice - although a lot of the dry (and now poorly-aged) science chapters went over my head, I put my whole heart and soul into trying to wrap my head around it all :)
The T-Rex enclosure has two areas, one area is level with the vehicle tracks, and is where we saw the goat raise up. The other is a gigantic pit that separates the T-Rex enclosure from the next enclosure to ensure the T-Rex can't get over there. While its not actually seen in the movie, the original story-board of that scene has the T-Rex dragging the jeep down the track about 20m. This moves it from being next to the level area to being next to the pit.
To quote the book/film because someone must. "You were so caught up in if you could you never stopped to think if you should." Also they were really caught up in thinking they could control everything. Which is why it fell apart the way it did.
The Utahraptor was actually at least twice the size of the raptors in Jurassic Park. They grew up to 23 feet long which is bigger than the average great white shark.
The other thing that was missed was that due to the mosquito's digestive juices even if you could find viable DNA it would be more likely to be from the mosquito, not the dino blood.
@@Backinblackbunny009 ??? The mosquitos suck up the blood to digest it. The digestion would break down the blood. Also, even if some of the blood survived, DNA won't last millions of years without breaking down. They will not find any viable DNA strands this way.
Thanks for making this video - I always thought the Lysine Contingency was to stop the dinosaurs from being stolen, because anyone taking them wouldn't know they need specific food.
The jokes, the memes, the deep explanations of science, and to top it off it’s Jurassic Park! This was a brilliant video, you truly put your time and effort into this, really “spared no expense”.
It's actually part of the lore that Hammond cut a lot of corners and cheaped out while constructing Jurassic Park. So you can blame all the havoc in the latest movies on that cheapskate.
@@the_once-and-future_king. Hammond meant that in the context of the visitor experience. The park's back end was slipshod and had every corner cut; had Hammond truly spared "no expense," Nedry wouldn't have sabotaged the park, there would have been backup power systems, and the place built to withstand tropical storms.
@@propheinx2250 He's responsible for half-assing the creation of the dinosaurs in the first place. He did no research on what the frog DNA could possibly do to the animal, he didn't do proper research on how that amino acid or whatever worked, so their whole contingency plan was for nothing.
The lysine contingency plan is also a bit weird to bring up at that time in the movie, because it would take days for the dinos to feel the effects of the lack of lysine. Hammond's answer "there are people dying out there" kinda responds to that particular point, but it is a bit unclear.
"What about the lysine contingency? We could try to make that make sense". "That is absolutely out of the question". Lol. So glad you made a video better explaining why this wouldn't work. I really enjoyed it
Definitely like how Ray isn’t actually eaten by the raptors in LEGO Jurassic World, just completely paralyzed by sheer terror, yet that doesn’t stop Ellie and Robert from leaving him behind when they get chased by the raptors. Really need to play that game again sometime now that I mention it. 😆
I prefer the theory that Hammond actually just made mutants in a lab conform to what most people assumed dinosaurs looked like to sell the lie that head brought them back from extinction and make money. He drags a few, somewhat credible, experts to his mutant zoo to see if they'd buy his story and convince his investors. He still achieved his ambition of making his flea circus that people could actually touch, but it was still a lie.
Its fun that you mention the chest hitting. When i took my 1st first aid course about 20 years ago, that was a standard practice before chest compressions, like 3-5 hits to the chest to "restart the heart". About 5 years later I took another course and at that time they said to not do that 🤷♂️😂
That's weird. I first took CPR in the late 70's and while the training video we watched described the pre-coridial thump, the instructors told us that it had been removed from the protocol. It was never mentioned in any subsequent CPR class I took.
I always wondered about the cliff thing in the rex cage too. Apparantly it's actually a concrete moat that sits between the enclosure and the fence itself and because of camera angles it's never really seen
There is a hill that cones up to the fence where they fed it the goat. It's just a small hill that bypasses the moat. For good showing, and easy escape
Dad was an ER Trauma RN during the day and a Volley Fire Fighter on days off. In his 30 years of medical experience, he's done a "Cardiac Thump" exactly once, in the back of an ambulance. He was watching the rhythm and it changed from sinus to a-fib and he smacked the guy in his chest, only to have the guy go "OW! WHAT WAS THAT FOR!" as this was during the days of paper strips he pointed to the rhythm change and said as long as you promise to not do that (a-fib), I won't have to hit you again.
He is lucky he didn't kill the patient. It's only to be done for unstable ventricular tachycardia when a defibrillator isn't available. Atrial fibrillation isn't an indication for the use of a precordial thump. Many times, even when used for its proper indication, it can cause a deterioration in a patient's cardiac rhythm or cause asystole. I have been an RN for 25 yrs, and I am state certified to teach ARC First Aid/CPR, and to train those who will be teaching it. I know the guidelines for its use. Your father should have, too.
@@jenx5870 Things have changed a little since the 80s. We understand just a teensy bit more. I clarified with him what rhythm was witch and he corrected my mistake as well. ( "I" am not a nurse, simply misrelated the story) point being, in the 14 years of ER and 16 as volly fire "emt", he's seen it work once. Do what that information what you will. Be blessed.
There's a RU-vidr I follow named Klayton Fioriti who does many video topics about Jurassic Park and dinosaurs, both from the franchise and actual dinosaurs. You should consider looking him up as his videos are interesting and he also goes into detail about the original novels written by Michael Crichton.
I love the art of hippos based on bones compared to real hippos. They would probably have a lower body count if they looked like that because they would look intimidating instead of adorable.
With the scientists not knowing the gender of the dinos its currently thought that most to all but not all have cloaca and I'd imagine that would make it a bit difficult to determine gender without being physically intrusive
"I've seen a horse eat a chicken before" is not a sentence I'd think I'd ever hear. Then again, I also know some Deer kill and eat birds for the bone marrow.
Frankly, even as a kid i realized that the park was stupidly undermanaged and staffed (something that could have avoided all of this going wrong) Living near a theme park myself, i knew even from a young age that these places needed A LOT of people behind the scenes to not only keep everything running...this is not including what is implied both a hote, and effectively a zoo alongside other attractions. Like even with a stupid large team of sanitation staff the place can sometimes be a mess at the park i go to, let alone something on this scale...to assume everything would have been automated to the extent in the film was kinda dumb even to little kid me (between the wonder and enjoyment the film gives) Honestly, what i always found more insulting was the direction of jurassic world and the logic behind the "hybrid" dinos..."guys, people are no longer interested/awwed by normal dinos...lets create some absolute mutants to wow them" I bluntly just facepalmed at that moment and groaned in theater "why do zoos still exist then? Why are wildlife excursions still a thing?" Before i shut up remembering i was in a theater. Like seriously though...if people will pay money to travel and look at normal animals that we have doccumented and studied for years, some of which have broadly dispersed populations avalible at all sorts of other similar favilities...whom wouldn't pay to travel to a place to see beasts that haven't set foot on this earth in millions of years (even if modified to hell considering the original nature of the dinos), hell you can even make potential "sub-species" that do look closer to either popular culture or the hypothetical scientifically accurate image (like imagine a section of the park which shows feathered versions of dinos) Sorry for the rant...its just dumb whenever i remember where this franchise i loved as a kid has gone.
I am glad somebody else is bitching about Jurassic World. I forgot how stupid the premise is. You've already got freaking dinosaurs. That's not good enough for people? You have to make T-Rex 2.0? I haven't seen since it came out, but I distinctly remember being utterly dumbfounded by the completely idiotic idea to use the raptors to track the Indominus Rex. IIRC like 30 seconds later the raptors turn on the humans and side with the I-Rex. I don't even think any of the characters acknowledge that this was the stupidest plan ever conceived.
It always seemed funny to me that that one guy said they wanted to produce raptors for military use, especially when he personally witnessed their handler barely maintaining control over them, and even he wasn't able to fully suppress their nature
27:15 I once tried to pull a similar joke on some of my cousins. For Christmas we were out at one of our grandmother's farmland properties in rural Australia, where Kangaroos were an issue for their vegetable garden. To help solve it, they setup a simple electric fence around the garden, which they would usually turn off when they had guests around. On this particular day of all days, they had forgotten to turn it off. The fence was the sort that ticks on and off, but we didn't know if it was turned on. Cousins asked if it was switched on, i grabbed it to test and pretended to be electrocuted. After a second i said "Nah, just k-" and then got blasted by the fence because i was still holding it. Jumped a few meters back and fell on my ass. I had thought that i was Grant, but i turned out to be Timmy.
For the Triceratops the reason why she got sick was because she was eating stones to help churn the greens in her stomach. Along with the stones she accidentally ate berries that were poisonous to her.
Note on the raptor size: VELOCIRAPTORS specifically definitely could not get that big, but the biggest raptor we know of is bigger than the ones in Jurassic Park by a decent margin.
Utahraptor is currently estimated at 18ft long.... fun fact the utahraptor was almost named after Spielberg because they joked he made it and paleontologists discovered it. They chose to change the dimensions of the velociraptor because velociraptor is easier to say and remember, than the bigger raptors (utahraptor wasn't discovered till after). Velociraptors (a species from Mongolia) was only the size of a turkey while the Deinonychus was closer to what they wanted
Would love to see you comment on the 'movement based vision" concept. We know it's not true now and Crichton actually corrected it in a follow up book. But would love to hear your thoughts on it!
The funny thing about the reasons used in Jurassic Park and Jurassic World Dominion for how the dinosaurs breed is that parthenogenesis has been documented in reptiles and birds. So even perfectly cloned dinosaurs could potentially do it in rare situations
Funnily enough if parthenogenesis occurs by halfcloning and the dinosaurs have ZW sex determination then you can produce male and female half clones that could establish breeding.
Glad you mentioned PFAS. We’re working on a federal grant using cold plasma to degrade it. Promising results so far, but that stuff is hard AF to break down! And it’s everywhere in water…
So now that we know Dino’s had feathers, some people think we put the T-Rex’s arms on backwards. When you compare the bone structure to that of an ostrich, it looks remarkably similar. So they have have had huge ostrich like wings.
I stand by the theory that he actually invented a Time Machine and chose to disguise it as cloning. Then thought of no better use than Dino theme park.
I always found that scene when they talk about the lyscine contingency odd, at least at the end part of it. Now I understand your explanation of the fallacy of this contingency but if we just look at the scene for what it was its weird just by itself. Samuel L. Jackson is describing what they say will happen if they go with that plan and says the dinos will die the Hammond dramatically responds by saying "people are dying." Then there is a pause and they all go with Hammonds plan, but I probably would have been like, "yeah I know that dude that's why we should take out the dinos."
The best part of the whole pre-adult on the dig site was Dr. Grant's monologue about how much he knew about raptors, including their exact hunting styles, just by looking at their bones. Also, the way he treated the term 'raptor' as if it was some sobriquet they took upon themselves and humans discovered like a nametag on the bones to derive more information instead of vise versa. The alternative phraseology of "Even their name, raptor, means 'bird of prey,'" is "Oh, these are called raptors, therefore they must be bird-like in their mannerisms!" It was humorous circular reasoning. EDIT: Already getting way-too-serious responses. Look, it's a funny take on the dialog from the movie. The book was infinitely better on this aspect and much less pedantic.
Another way to look at that last part is that he was simply trying to show that it's not a personal theory of his, but rather a theory the entire paleontological community ascribes to, to the point that they've even named them after birds of prey.
@@ksoviero Indeed, as RG pointed out, dinosaurs probably looked quite a bit different than scientists portray them. It's entirely likely that many of the so-called dinosaurs were, in fact, large, flightless birds. But, I was dunking on the dialog because Dr. Grant's character straight-up implies that humans gained an understanding of their behavior from their name...that humans gave them.
@@featgorgon3985 Much can be inferred, yes. Such specifics about how they hunted, let alone in packs? Pure conjecture. No modern parallel exists for pack-hunting, predatory birds. In fact, modern raptors are solitary hunters. Also, just because they had teeth and claws doesn't even mean they were a predator. Such discussions go so far down the rabbit hole of assumptions that it becomes a matter of what one wants to believe more than what one can back up with existing evidence. I still laugh out loud that so much energy and vitriol existed between scientists in the second JP movie over whether T-Rexes were nurturing parents or not. Like a) it makes any difference to anything, and b) either of them had more evidence to support their points than the other.
@@EngineeringWizard11 you see you’d be wrong, the Harris Hawk hunts in groups, a bunch of other falcon species have been noted as hunting in groups or pairs as well, there are plenty of examples of members of the raptor family hunting in groups today, golden eagles and peregrines have been observed hunting in pairs
I just LOVE the whole "HOLD UP! DON'T DO THAT" when he talks about cpr and punching someone as hard as you can mid sternum😂😂. It was just such a good comedic moment to return and make a PSA about it lmao
Good stuff Just a couple of things Muldoon is NOT an aussie, hes a brit The Triceratops did NOT eat the plants, it actually ingested the berries by accident. In the novel its a stego that is sick, not the trike and they figure out that it swallowed the berries along with stones when they find a pile of gizzard stones. They just never completely followed through with the info in the movie but the scene plays out very similar
