The 1968 Summer Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad (Spanish: Juegos de la XIX Olimpiada) and commonly known as Mexico 1968 (Spanish: México 1968), were an international multi-sport event held from 12 to 27 October 1968 in Mexico City, Mexico. These were the first Olympic Games to be staged in Latin America and the first to be staged in a Spanish-speaking country. They were also the first Games to use an all-weather (smooth) track for track and field events instead of the traditional cinder track, as well as the first example of the Olympics exclusively using electronic timekeeping equipment.
The Olympic flame is one of the symbols of the Olympic Games. It commemorates the theft of fire from the gods by Prometheus and its subsequent delivery to mankind. Its origins date back to ancient Greece, where a fire was kept burning at the venues of the Ancient Olympic Games. The fire was reintroduced at the Amsterdam 1928 Olympic Games and brought from Greece from the Berlin 1936 Olympic Games, since then it has been a fundamental part of the Modern Olympic Games.
The sacred fire of the 1968 Mexico Olympics was invoked in front of the ruins of the Temple of Hera in Olympia on August 23, 1968 and is performed by priestesses of Hestia, the priestess in charge of officiating the ceremony was actress Maria Moxoliou in ancient Greek style dress. While in ancient times the skaphia were used, nowadays the parabolic mirror, with similar characteristics, is used for the ignition of the flame. The Olympic flame can only be lit by solar rays.
The relay symbolized the link between the Mediterranean and Mesoamerican civilizations, and recreated the first voyage during the discovery of America or the New World by Christopher Columbus. It recalled the events and places related to this voyage, passing through key locations:
Athens, Greece - August 25, 1968
Genoa, Italy - August 27, 1968
Barcelona, Spain - August 31, 1968
Zaragoza, Spain - September 03, 1968
Madrid, Spain - September 05, 1968
Palos de Moguer, Spain - 11 September 1968
Canary Islands, Spain - September 12, 1968
San Salvador, Bahamas - September 14, 1968
Veracruz, Mexico - October 06, 1968
Puebla, Mexico - October 09, 1968
Teotihuacan, Mexico - October 11, 1968
Mexico City, Mexico - October 12, 1968
Teotihuacan, hours before the inauguration of the Olympic Games Mexico 68, the ceremony of reception of the Olympic Fire took place in the esplanade of the Pyramid of the Moon that imitated the ceremony of the "New Fire" to symbolize the fusion of the mythologies of the new and old world on October 11, 1968, on the occasion of the Cultural Olympiad.
The New Fire Ceremony is a ritual performed by the Aztecs or Mexicas. In ancient times it was thought that the new fire must arise because only then could the Sun rise again; a new fire is a new cycle. The objective of this event was the continuity of the solar movement and therefore of time.
It was the celebration of the renewal of the pact with the gods to give life to this world and was performed by four priests who represented the presence of the fire god Huehueteotl in the four cardinal points.
Currently, the flame of the Pan American Games (the largest sporting event in the Americas) is lit in the Ceremonial Center of Teotihuacan in Mexico, and transferred to the country where the respective edition of the Games is held.
Finally, on October 12, 1968, the Olympic flame would arrive at the Olympic Stadium Mexico 68 where the Mexican sprinter Enriqueta Basilio made history by being the first woman to light a cauldron in the Games of the XIX Olympiad.
#Mexico68 #Paris2024 #OlympicGames
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