The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre), is the world’s largest and most visited art museum.
The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II. Remnants of the fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. The Louvre Palace is a vast complex of wings and pavilions on four main levels.
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation’s masterpieces. In May 1791, the Assembly declared that the Louvre would be;
“a place for bringing together monuments of all the sciences and arts”.
The museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being royal and confiscated church property.
The museum offers 380,000 pieces in total - but not all of collection is exhibited to the public. Approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 72,735 square metres (782,910 square feet).
Under Napoleon the museum was renamed Musée Napoléon, during his rule, Napoleon hung the Mona Lisa in his private bedroom. but after Napoleon’s abdication many works seized by his armies were returned to their original owners.
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