Nephrology Review Questions - CRASH! Medical Review Series 

I love these CRASH Reviews. I just wish the slides would keep up with you talking! You give the answer before I even get a chance to see the slide.

Thank you so much Dr.Bolin! it was very very useful!

"Injecting somebody with potassium is what they do to death row criminals when they execute them." Brilliant. I will forever remember to get an EKG with elevated K levels because of this sentence. Thank you!!

Great lecture..professional person ..

Great as always. sir paul bolin...

Thank you soo much Dr. I really want to know how can i download these videos as slides. (power point) thank you again. wish you all best.

love your work man

JNC 8 guidelines suggest AA without proteinuria first line is either a thiazide diuretic or calcium channel blocker.

Lisinopril.For reno protection and cardio protection. Salt restriction must have been tried since the past 2 months or earlier.

I an confused about question 13. The patient definitely has Metabolic Acidosis BUT when calculating her pCO2 for expected compensation, you get a range of 34.5 - 38.5... her measured pCO2 is LOWer than is should be so doesn't she have a respiratory alkalosis as well => Non-AG Metabolic Acidosis with Respiratory Alkalosis?

Great job Dr Bolin but in question 12, you have not calculated using the Winter's formula hence you cannot guess if the pCO2 is appropriately low. The picture looks more like Metabolic acidosis and Respiratory alkalosis

If we apply winter's formula in question 13 then answer becomes 'metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis.plz can you explain sir?

Thank you so much for the lectures, they are really good I follow all of your lectures. For the question number 13, there is no doubt that patient has metabolic acidosis but if you check for appropriate respiratory compensation patient's pCO2 is lower than the calculated range ( 1.5*19)+8+-2 it comes as 36.5) she has pco2 of 20 which means she has additional respiratory alkalosis exactly like question 5 but the answer you said is only metabolic acidosis. Can you please explain? The PH hasn't normalized in patient with Q 5 who has metabolic acidosis with respi alkalosis

Wow man. Amazing!

Ammonium phosphate stone. Or some metabolic error.Lesch Nyhann, struvite, triple phosphate stag horn, hyoercalcemia

Met acidosis with compensatory Resp alkalosis

Diastolic unchanged. It could be a normal ejection fraction diastolic failure.

Low bicarb is acidosis Low CO 2 is Resp alkalosis which is compensating And therefore the pH is normal. If its met acidosis, pH should be way below 7.374, and chloride would be high and bicarbonate would be conserved.

Why not treat first with insulin and calcium gluconate to drive the potassium into the intracellular space and then carry out haemodialysis. Hyperkalemia increases cardiac excitability and therefore predisposes to arrhythmias.

Thank you so much dr. But I am not clear with the answer for Q5. as for my understanding we first check the PH if acidic or alkaline, then we go which go with that, that is if HCO3, we say metabolic, and Pco2, respiratory and the one opposite to PH is called compensatory. Can you comment? thank you.

big picture is metabolic acidosis so PCO2 should be say 33 but it is much lower so patient has additional respiratory alkalosis

Ideally an Echo. Otherwise EKG. To rule out cardiac abnormalities.

Your question 13 is being narrated while still displaying the answer of 12 th question. I think recording has to be rectified.

Nephrology: And Pathology thereof.....Outstanding Narration and Examination (Simulation). MD Paul Bolin, es geht gut zu lernen und Spass machen. Prost!

Question 13 , is similar with question 5, why not mixed disorder? Using winter calculation

Good pasteur.

I couldn't find anything on my notes saying that NSAIDs causes rhabdomyolysis. UptoDate is not helping either. Do you have a source for that?

Metabolic acidosis.But why is the PCO2 low.

Hi regarding Question 9 why is hydrochlorothiazide used instead of verapamil?

Haemodialysis. Creatinine is 7.7.Anemia is due to renal failure.

Regarding #9, according to JNC 8 wouldn't you give a CCB or thizide as 1st line for blacks?

34:55 Question 10 - According to your other video Goodpasture would present with microhematuria; in the presented case the patient notices blood in the urine. Great review!

Why waste money on CT first if USG can be done.

In question 9, aren't afrocarribean people meant to be started on a Ca channel blocker not an ARi/ARB?

In 2 quetion that ABG with similar number One you said metabolic acidosis with Respiratory alkalosis However another one just metabolic acidosis because you said PH is not normal While the previous one PH WASNOT normal too.

I think the answer for number 13 is E.

Would you give a thiazide or ARB to a black patient without DM?

Amazing

Ketorolac to relieve pain.

Nephro pains are colicky not constant.

KUB or US

2020

B. This is nephrotic range.

Diuretics and Fludrocortisone is for type 4 RTA

Pelvicalyceal stone. Stag horn.

Type 1 RTA

Medullary sponge disease.

Cystinuria

A

B

Poor blacks! Valsartan is very expensive.

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Diastolic on the rise.