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Aishe Hafsa, the concubine of Sultan Selim the Terrible and mother of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, is considered one of the most beautiful women of the Ottoman Empire.
She was born around 1478 and was most likely European or Circassian.
For a long time she was considered the daughter of the Crimean Khan Mengli Giray, but this is not so. In 1511, Selim actually married the daughter of the Crimean Khan named Aishe. And it was because of the same name Aishe that historical confusion arose.
At this time, Selim was in a difficult situation. He openly campaigned against his father, Sultan Bayezid, and suffered a heavy defeat on the battlefield. Selim had to flee to the Crimean Khanate, where he planned to wait out the difficult time and again begin the fight for the Ottoman throne. He received the support of the Crimean Khan Mengli Geray and his daughter as his wife.
Aishe Hafsa came into Selim's harem at about 14-15 years old as a slave.
The future Sultan Selim was the sanjakbey of Trabzon at that time. Thanks to her intelligence and beauty, Hafsa won his heart for a long time. From their union, the future Sultan Suleiman I and 4 daughters were born: Hatice, Fatma, Shah and Beyhan.
Selim was a cruel man. His ascension to the Ottoman throne was accompanied by a series of political intrigues and military operations. His father, Sultan Bayazid, abdicated the throne in 1512 under the influence of the Janissaries, but this did not save his life. He was killed a month after his abdication.
Having become the Sultan, Selim, following the Fatih law, executed all his brothers and nephews. For this he received the nickname “Yavuz”, which translated from Turkish meant “evil or ferocious.”
Hafsa was Suleiman's closest advisor and kept him constant company. It was on her advice that Suleiman carefully hid his claims to the Sultan’s throne from his father. And most likely, this saved him from possible execution.
A few years before his death, Sultan Selim tested the loyalty of his sons by expressing his desire to leave the sultanate and asking which of them aspired to rule the empire. All of Suleiman's brothers answered in the affirmative. And Suleiman, guided by his mother’s advice, refused this opportunity, saying that he was his father’s slave. He stated that even after his father's death, taking on such responsibility would cause him great suffering.
Soon, Suleiman's three brothers were executed on the same day, and Suleiman became the official heir to the throne.
When Selim died in 1520 and Suleiman became the new sultan, Hafsa moved to the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
In 1520, Sultan Suleiman sent Hafsa Sultan to Trabzon on a state mission: she was entrusted with the organization of a new administrative unit - the Trabzon Eyalet.
Many letters from Hafsa to the Sultan have been preserved in the archives. She signed them with the name Valide Sultan. Among them is a letter where she asks her son to help the widow of the Egyptian governor Khayyr Bey leave Egypt. For her part, she planned to cover the costs of transporting the widow from Egypt and take her under her protection in Istanbul.
Like many mothers of sultans, Hafsa was involved in charity work. She built a hotel on the way from Istanbul to Edirne, a mosque in Perkane, a mosque and hammam in Marmaris, a madrasah and an imaret in Trabzon.
Her greatest contribution remained in Manisa: here she built a complex, which included: a mosque, a madrasah, a dervish abode and a dining room.
Hafsa Sultan's closest adviser and assistant in the affairs of Hafsa Sultan was a kira named Strongila. This businesswoman of Jewish origin was an influential favorite at the Ottoman court and had her own room in the harem.
She acted as an intermediary, supplying the women of the harem with luxury goods, medicines, delivering letters and even holding meetings with foreign ambassadors on behalf of the Valide Sultan.
Hafsa Sultan died on March 19, 1534 at the age of 56, presumably from a stroke. She was buried in the garden of the Sultan Selim Yavuz Mosque.
28 сен 2024
