Some extent? Canada's geographic size, biodiversity, and mineral resources make it a big deal on the world stage. I mean yea Trudeau policies are garbage but, Canada has a lot going for it.
Ni! also works within other professions...the context might be lost on some but it's still a useful ice breaker in most situations and understood in most earth based languages
2:31 had to pause the video, go to the comment section... i was sure there would be a ton of jokes. But no, this channel has the most mature audience of all of youtube... and i don't count among that :-P
Most times, having knowledge or insight about a particular activity can as well be a pleasing exercise.. I can bodly say that forex and crypto trading is one of the profitable currency exchange service that elevate investors and their financial status...
Raney nickel quite reliably sets fire to flammable organic solvent vapors when it dries out...this is a problem when using these organic solvents with Raney nickel in hydrogenations (quite often methanol). Once the reaction is complete you filter off the Raney nickel, which glows orange if allowed to dry (as shown in the experiment in the video). This can ignite methanol vapors if present, and methanol fires are particularly bad because you quite often can't see the blue flame it produces! You can prevent this by not allowing the catalyst to dry out, or keep everything under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon. Very nice video as always, thanks!
Hi professor. Thanks for the great video. Here's a little bit about chrome plating (but not about bumpers and fenders - the US and Britain use "bumper" to describe the same part of the car. What we call a fender, British people call a wing.) Chrome plating is a three-step process. First is a layer of copper plating. This provides a solid surface for the rest of the system to stick to. Next is a layer of nickel. It's used for two reasons - it's the right color, and it's very easy to polish to a high shine. After the nickel is polished, a layer of hard chromium protects the nickel from scratches and oxidation.
Had some experience working in a canola oil plant that used Raney Nickel catalyst for hydrogenation. On more than a few occasions, the spent catalyst bins would spontaneously combust, but it also contained small quantities of vegetable oil, aiding the process.
Two more very important (perhaps most important) roles for Nickel: First as a part in most stainless steels, not what makes it stainless but to make it machinable and usable (makes the steel stay in austenitic phase and not ferritic). Second as a base metal in it's own category, Nickel alloys (also called Super alloys, one example is the Hastalloy sorts). Very strong and resistant to oxidation.
I find interesting that nickel much more effectively sank down to the earths core than iron. Effectively depleting nickle in earths crust. The chemical reasons (from both the perspective of nickel and iron) behind that difference in behaviour would be interesting to hear. ... Related to that: ... I recently found out that the very heavy elements thorium (and uranium) are highly concentrated in earth crust but depleted in all of earths interior. This is (as I understand currently) what results of relatively recent neutrino experiments suggest. Generally: Chemistry vs planetary level gravity on large time-scales seem to be an interesting and little investigated topic.
during the reaction, the reactant/s use the catalyst sort of as a place holder for electrons as they have incomplete d-shells. in the contact process, where vanadium is used to create sulfur tri oxide, from dioxide: SO2 + VO5 -> SO3 + VO4 Straight after the vanadium shared electron that it lost to the sulfur is made up with (if enough oxygen is present) 1/2O2 + VO4 -> VO5 this means the reaction is propagated by the vanadium, but it does not get used up, making it a catalyst. Iron has a similar role in the production of ammonia If vanadium were not used, this reaction would be much more energy intensive
I used nickel for my chemistry internal assessment back in high school. I also used other transition metals like chromium, manganese, etc. I'll be honest, I took a little of them all home as samples.
Nickel is used in my flute, it's made of silver plated nickel except I've got a more expensive flute that has a solid silver head joint which changes the sound completely
Fenders are the bit that 'fend off' the stuff kicked off by the tires. The Brits call them 'wings'. Bumpers are the bits on the end that get the chrome, as shown in the video.
Since the removal of bumpers, many cars have a single panel that wraps around from one tire to the other on either the front of back end. As a result, these panels are sometimes referred to as fenders today. Cars without bumpers have bumpers, but they are behind the panels now, and are incorporated into the frame, so they don't shine them up anymore.
I thought both those were odd names, here in Oz we call fenders/wings quarter panels or just panels for short and bumpers have always be called bumpers.
I am 35 I'm still working on a masters in social work, probably because I'm a natural social worker.... Im also partially blind so I'm also a dancer (DnB ;)) and a photographer... I'm a rebel ha. I was in advanced learning in middle school but went to one with not many resources and over worked teachers. I loved science when i look back to it, and fell behind fast when we got to such open answers and a big chemical table, which seemed so small on the overhead projector. Now i get excited to see chemistry come my screen again. I don't feel this daunting guilt about not getting it and everything falling behind. Which is pretty easy when you live in inner city Miami in the 90's haha. I am inspired now because I am thankful I get to go check out the eclipse on the lawns of MIT and Can hear cool lectures at harvard now because I love Cambridge (Boston)... I'm truly great full for you guys and gals. What's up with those cool Bismuth extras???I gotta admit I make nerdy pretty cool looking ha #noshame
I used to package Raney Nickel at Aldrich, we would put a little bit on the floor and about 20-30 later, it would go off. The bottle you have is from the early to mid 90s, those are old Sigma Aldrich labels. I actually have a video on my cell phone of us messing around with it. I also have video of us messing around with aluminum chloride, when we would rinse the funnels off, it would create clouds of HCl. Anyway, I remember the Raney Nickel coming in these black metal pails, like 5 gallon paint pails with the covers crimped on. It was only about 1/3 Raney Nickel and the rest D.I. water on top. Stuff is a bitch to weigh and package, sticks to everything.
One correction. The nickel in the Sudbury basin was not delivered by the meteorite, but rather the meteor made large fissures in the earth's crust and the nickel (and copper and precious metals) came up from the mantle. That's why so much of the ore is deep. Several mines are going to start drilling deeper shafts: 2kms plus.
With the Rainey nickel are you sure that the oxidisation didn't take place slowly over time as the water evaporated because in the thermal camera it was hotter than the surrounding surfaces
As soon as I heard that this Raney nickel stuff was in water, I knew that putting it in a vacuum would be the way to go. I'm glad they actually did it, and feel smart too.
As the steel in bumpers, etc., has microscopic porosity in the surface (called pitting), & to achieve a mirror smooth chrome finish it's usually nickel-plated 3-5 times & polished afterwards each time, & only then after a final nickel-plating (if smooth enough) is the item chrome-plated! On vehicles built today chrome-trim is usually just mylar with a clear polymer over the top!
It's great watching this video, I'm currently going to university in Sudbury and spent the last 4 years learning about our history! I'm currently working on the property of the main smelter from Mond Nickel company in 1906-1976 in Coniston Ontario as a planner. I've gotten to read Mond's old field notes and his story about his company. We are currently looking at a project that is re-processing the slag left overnight the property from early smelting that took place to extract all of the metals. Would love to share more info if anyone is interested?
i'm a bit late to the party..... i currently live in Levack, working at the mines loading Ni & Cu ore on trucks to go to the mill. i'm interested in your project , i find geology & mining very interesting
Wow, scrolling down I was expected nice comments but humanity proved me wrong. Just wanted to say great video, I always enjoy them. Thanks for the knowledge.
I could be wrong on this, but when he was talking about the hydrogenation of oils, the professor kept mentioning that the hydrogen 'absorbs' onto the surface of the nickel. Is my terminology wrong or should he be using the word 'adsorb' instead?
Magnificent how scale can change the reaction so much. Even ordinary food products can cause destruction if improperly stored long term through gas buildup or oxidation, on a large scale.
Ah Ludwig Mond! I work in a country house that is literally across the road from one of his plants. In Clydach Swansea. There is a statue of him in the village. Another worthy mention of the area is Harry Grindell Mathews who had a private air strip nearby and a laboratory at the nearby Amman valley. Many a clever idea from that chap.
On the electroplating of steel in automotive uses, there are actually three layers. The first is copper, followed by nickel and then chromium. The chromium layer is quite thin so that it is translucent. Chromium is more resistant to oxidation than nickel. hth. PS: My understanding on the Sudbury deposit is that it is eruptive in that there was a meteor strike but it was of sufficient energy release that nickel from the interior of the earth was brought to the surface. It is also thought to be an impact crater from very early in the formation of the earth.
I never thought I'd be studying chemistry for fun. School as a kid really has a pervasive effect of souring people to certain subjects and learning in general due to passionless teachers, unengaged students and an indifferent bureaucracy that runs the system. Much like the Raney Nickel, ideally, learning should flare, but alas, the worries and distractions "oxidize" that potential in people until are no longer moved to the thirst for knowledge.
By mixing molten aluminum with molten nickel a homogeneous liquid phase may form. This part could be correct. However solidification of Al-Ni mixture almost always brings about formation of A-Ni intermetallics. Following Prof. case, when lumps of aluminum form upon solidification, it easily concludes that nickel will be in Al3Ni intermetalic phase. So there is no separate phase ("cherries") of nickel but nickel atoms occupy regular positions in the orthorhombic unit cell of Al3Ni.
As I'm sure several people have pointed out, a fender is the American term for what we Brits would call a wing. Fell prey to that one on a pub quiz once!
I'm not a big car person or pay all that much attention to how people talk, but I'm pretty sure that we say bumper a lot more than fender here in the states. :) We do call some accidents a fender bender though. Maybe because not much rhymes with bumper that is accident related.
Nickel is used extensively in the guitar industry for strings, pickup magnets, and it’s fascinating to find out what the properties of these elements are so we can find new uses for things we already have discovered. I think we could create some innovative products with this type of knowledge
Wow didn't expect to see Sudbury mentioned here. Modern theory on the Sudbury nickel deposit is actually that it was a chondrite (a low metal, rocky asteroid) and it blasted the crust away so severely that the nickel and other metals melted and flowed into the basin.
Nickel-based alloys are another thing of interest...although that is more of a metallurgical subject than a chemistry subject. I don't know the physical reason why nickel alloys tend to produce very stable results. What I mean by this can best be demonstrated by two alloys in particular: Constantan (copper-nickel 55-45) and Invar (iron-nickel 64-36). Constantan has an extremely stable and "constant" electrical resistance along a broad axis of currents and temperatures. Invar is called "invar" because it is "invariable" in its volume along a broad axis of temperatures. Basically...it doesn't expand or contract very much at all, and for this reason it is used regularly in high-precision instrumentation. Just something I find interesting that I hope others will too.
