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OLD NORSE, GOTHIC, & OLD ENGLISH 

ILoveLanguages!
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Welcome to my channel! This is Andy from I love languages. Let's learn different languages/dialects together.
OLD NORSE is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 7th to the 15th centuries.
GOTHIC Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. It is known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. All others, including Burgundian and Vandalic, are known, if at all, only from proper names that survived in historical accounts, and from loanwords in other languages such as Portuguese, Spanish, and French.
OLD ENGLISH Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th century, and the first Old English literary works date from the mid-7th century. After the Norman conquest of 1066, English was replaced, for a time, by Anglo-Norman (a relative of French) as the language of the upper classes. This is regarded as marking the end of the Old English era, since during this period the English language was heavily influenced by Anglo-Norman, developing into a phase known now as Middle English in England and Early Scots in Scotland.
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1 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 212   
@EccentricTuber
@EccentricTuber 2 года назад
I love this series, especially stuff with Gothic in it. Though, forgive me if I'm wrong, but I believe that Old English's "Ea" diphthong is actually pronounced /æɑ/.
@user-hnjga8is1zr6u
@user-hnjga8is1zr6u 2 года назад
You're correct. To everyday ears it must've sounded like "eå".
@monnaak
@monnaak 2 года назад
@@user-hnjga8is1zr6u æå?
@roelandaudenaerde8312
@roelandaudenaerde8312 2 года назад
I am Dutch, and I think I understood half of the Old English. It sounded like Frisian, with the numbers being very similar to the current Dutch ones. For me, Gothic was most difficult to understand. By the way, do we know what other East Germanic laguages like Vandalian, Burgundian, Suevian, Gepidian or Longobardian sounded like?
@vseslavkazakov356
@vseslavkazakov356 Год назад
I do not speak german but i feel like gothic sounds way closer to modern german than the other two languages here. Does anyone who speak german agree/disagree?
@modmaker7617
@modmaker7617 2 года назад
The European Germanic family; England 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿, UK 🇬🇧 Netherlands 🇳🇱 Flanders, Belgium 🇧🇪 Luxembourg 🇱🇺 Germany 🇩🇪 Austria 🇦🇹 German Switzerland 🇨🇭 Liechtenstein 🇱🇮 Denmark 🇩🇰 Norway 🇳🇴 Sweden 🇸🇪 Faroe Islands 🇫🇴 (Denmark) Åland 🇦🇽 (Finland) Iceland 🇮🇸
@bilgesez
@bilgesez 2 года назад
Notice how they are all developed countries, some are the most developed in the world, Norway for example. I'm glad for Germanics. Also don't forget Anglo colonised countries: US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.
@modmaker7617
@modmaker7617 2 года назад
@@bilgesez I specified European so all their overseas colonises (mostly British but there's also Dutch colonises like Suriname and the Afrikaans language community in South Africa) not needing to be mentioned.
@nattkullav8657
@nattkullav8657 2 года назад
Scotland 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Frisia ....
@modmaker7617
@modmaker7617 2 года назад
@@nattkullav8657 Scotland is Celtic not Germanic. Frisia is a province of the Netherlands.
@fisher1634
@fisher1634 2 года назад
@@modmaker7617 Scotland is also Germanic... They have Scots, a sister language to modern English descended from Northumbrian old English
@rolandfink2537
@rolandfink2537 2 года назад
We must Revive the East Germanic Languages! greetings from Germany🇩🇪
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
Unfortunately the only east Germanic language with any sizable texts for it is gothic, the rest were just spoken orally, they didn’t write it down.
@loho1125
@loho1125 2 года назад
The weird thing is that me, a native speaker of the west germanic modern German, found the east germanic Gothic language to be more familiar. It was not really intelligable, of course. But concerning the numbers, it was a lot easier to understand than old english or old norse. Which is interesting, because I speak english quite well.
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
Gothic is more or less like some archaic form of german/Swedish really, with some Greek spiced in.
@monnaak
@monnaak 2 года назад
You can hear that Old Norse was to become Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic etc. And same w old English, you can hear that it’s to become English and scots. And, gothic sounds like a mix between the two. Very interesting
@ruhmuhaccer864
@ruhmuhaccer864 2 года назад
This seems, with all due and even undue respect, rather redundant a comment.
@Reichsritter
@Reichsritter 2 года назад
@@ruhmuhaccer864 Yes, most of the time people speak of "mixes", it ends up being nonsensical
@camulodunon
@camulodunon 2 года назад
​@@ruhmuhaccer864 not really.
@Krystic111
@Krystic111 2 года назад
You are excellent at pronunciation. Slightly mistaken seeming, the us world in Old English, which should be pronounced like short oo+s, not as ys, otherwise no mistakes at all, like a time traveler doing accurate research of the past. I do commend you and recommend for furtherance of the understanding of Language.
@fabianfuchs1402
@fabianfuchs1402 2 года назад
The Old English (Angles) came originally from the Southern Part of the Cimbrean Penisula (Northern Schleswig in Southern Denmark & Southern Schleswig in Northern Germany). Uniting with the Jutes in Northern Denmark, the Saxons in Northern Germany and particularly also the Frisians in Western Netherlands on their way to Britain, they formed the Germanic Tribal Confederation of the Anglo-Saxons.
@monnaak
@monnaak 2 года назад
The old Norse in this video is most likely an east Norse dialect. Because of, for example. In west Norse you will see a lot of ǫ, while in east Norse where there is ǫ in west Norse, there’s most likely an a in east Norse. An example from this video: In the video it’s “iarðu” East Norse: iarðu West Norse: jǫrðu in west Norse a can’t appear before u, so it becomes an umlaut and becomes ǫ. While this doesn’t happen in east Norse. There’s also the use of æ. Æ is used more in east Norse than west Norse. In west Norse it would be verði while in east norse it’d be værði. Another example from the video. There’s also the use of “ð”. It’s much more commonly used in west Norse than in east Norse. West Norse: gefðu East Norse: Gefþu Anyways, byeee
@alriktyrving5051
@alriktyrving5051 Год назад
In Sweden there is still an island called Gotland/Gutland were the people are called gutar and their dialect gutniska. The Goths are supposed to originally have come from there, even according to the legends of the island.
@Xochiyolotl
@Xochiyolotl 2 года назад
The trouble, of course, lies in the different stages of old Germanic during Which these languages were attested. They are not all attested to from the same period. Therefore, we do not really know what West and North Germanic sounded like in the moutths of speakers contemporary with the Gothic of Ulfilas which is the absolute oldest variety of Germanic we have today. This is quite unfortunate. It leaves open the question of whether or not there was mutual intelligibility among the different Germanic tribes and to what degree this intelligibility existed. For instance, the danes and the Saxons that were in England during the ninth century supposedly understood each other without translation and, according to Jackson Crawford, somebody wrote in Iceland three or 400 years later that this was because the languages of the two peoples were more or less one and the same at the time. This begs the question: could the great grandparents of Hengist and Horsa have communicated with those of Alareiks the Goth without translation and what would the flavor of their speech have been like? Another interesting one concerns the famous Latin scholar Alcuin or Ealhwyn, as he would have pronounced his name in life. During his time in the court of Charlemagne, what would his interactions with the pagan Friesians have been like? Would their speech have made them feel like they were of his own people? This was a fascinating video. Thank you very much for posting.
@weepingscorpion8739
@weepingscorpion8739 2 года назад
I think Gothic would've stood out. It doesn't have I-mutation for instance which is a huge soundchange West and North Germanic share. So while speakers of North Germanic and West Germanic would've sort of understood each other in the 10th century, I don't think East Germanic would've been immediately understood. I wonder if Vikings ever came into contact with Iberian or North African Vandalic speakers. It's not attested in writing anywhere and I'm also not sure if Vandalic survived that long. That's really the only possible contact I see North (or West) Germanic speakers having with East Germanic speakers.
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
@@weepingscorpion8739 By the the time Vikings sailed to Iberia and North Africa, the goths and vandals were already assimilated, even more so when they stopped speaking gothic in favor for Latin.
@Xochiyolotl
@Xochiyolotl 2 года назад
@@weepingscorpion8739 well, do you think it would’ve stood out in the fourth century? Gothic of the fourth century might’ve shared enough with the rest of the dialects to have some intelligibility. It does seem to be a mutation in the nominative between East Germanic north Germanic where nominative -s becomes nominative -r. There’s also loss of dual we in the west and north. But, the question is, when did they lose it?
@bjornragnarsson1798
@bjornragnarsson1798 2 года назад
Speaking the basics of most germanic languages I noticed that gothic, even though being an extinct eastern germanic language, has got a lot of similarities to the modern german. The numbers but also some words such as unsar instead of ure or var. Also the word weihnai in gothic for holy instead of haeilagt and gehalged makes sense, since their modern german word weihnachten means christmas
@marin4311
@marin4311 Год назад
Andy is making an anthology of languages for us and the generations to come.
@maxglendale7614
@maxglendale7614 2 года назад
Old Norse sound more like modern English, than Old English. LOL.
@bobertjones2300
@bobertjones2300 2 года назад
I thought so also.
@Lxnar_Slay3r
@Lxnar_Slay3r 2 года назад
The new video formatting is pretty cool! You give more info about the languages! However, I do think that all the extra info could be put into a separate video.
@belugaowo
@belugaowo 2 года назад
Is it me or is this the first time you made such an introduction 😳
@theworldoflanguages8772
@theworldoflanguages8772 2 года назад
No
@Yasaman520
@Yasaman520 2 года назад
And it's the best
@kintetsubuffalo
@kintetsubuffalo 2 года назад
Andy this is amazing, and more in-depth than usual! What is your native tongue? (I'd swear Gothic, but...) Thank you for your calling?
@modmaker7617
@modmaker7617 2 года назад
I'd swear Andy's native language is Tagalog/Filipino.
@HeyKevinYT
@HeyKevinYT 2 года назад
Does Andy have a degree in Linguistics
@Alex-yr8wt
@Alex-yr8wt 2 года назад
@@modmaker7617 it is
@belle_pomme
@belle_pomme 2 года назад
@@modmaker7617 Really? I didn't know that
@ennui9745
@ennui9745 2 года назад
She is Filipino, I am as well and I can pick up her accent when she's speaking English (plus the fact that she speaks Tagalog very fluently).
@hectoralarconhabif2590
@hectoralarconhabif2590 2 года назад
So beautiful sounding.
@Feelyourpainnn
@Feelyourpainnn 2 года назад
Did the Vikings and Anglo-Saxons understand each others ?
@alejandrosanchezsarasua5400
We have a lot in common with Gothic and Old Norse, an example, in asturian we say "sabli" to the sand like bretons and in norse, and in basque "aita" that means "father" like the name "atta" in gothic... moreover we have a lot of common culture with them. Very interesting. Thanks!
@hipperant
@hipperant 2 года назад
I have a dream to learn all germanic languages and understand all slavic, because all of our grand-grandfathers were very closely connected to each other. It's hard to imagine the language of theirs, but i believe that it existed in one form or another
@chusty93
@chusty93 2 года назад
No Old High German? That's an important one
@thescience786
@thescience786 2 года назад
Videos with such explanation are even better!!!
@gustavczhao5323
@gustavczhao5323 2 года назад
It’s interesting that “father” in Gothic is “atta”, which is seemingly closer to Turkic languages than Old Norse and Old English (at 4:02)
@abhimanyuvarmma7955
@abhimanyuvarmma7955 2 года назад
Fatthar , F'atttar' I think like convergent evolution It may arosed independentl Or was a loan word when huns came Hunnish empire existed during the rule of Hannibal
@julianfejzo4829
@julianfejzo4829 2 года назад
Atta is used among other Indo-European languages, the Proto-Slavic *otьcь, the Albanian atë, the West Frisian heit and the Latin tata are all cognates with the Gothic atta, not because of any Turkic but because the Indo-European *ph₂tḗr had a synonym that is reconstructed as *átta.
@captainch6182
@captainch6182 2 года назад
@@abhimanyuvarmma7955 Nah, the Huns arrived in Europe hundreds of years later, around 350 AD
@ruhmuhaccer864
@ruhmuhaccer864 2 года назад
@@julianfejzo4829 I am suprised you did not mention Hittite "atta-s" and "amma-s" (mother). Which is by the way a refutation of gender ideologic grammar theory in IE-languages.
@nubianus
@nubianus 2 года назад
@@julianfejzo4829 in Latin is atta too, not only tata
@leonillgordon5887
@leonillgordon5887 2 года назад
Learning these old languages are more complicated than now.
@viictor1309
@viictor1309 2 года назад
I really appreciate the new intro with some more didactic info
@mirelaconstantin4560
@mirelaconstantin4560 2 года назад
Andy, can you guys make a video of how similar Italian and Romanian is?
@Patrickbatemanharvard
@Patrickbatemanharvard Год назад
Old Norse and old english are quite similar... Can't say the same for Gothic
@Unknown86483
@Unknown86483 2 года назад
Am i the only one who talks about how six in Old Norse and Old English is pronounced as sex😅😅
@ΣαπλαχίδηςΘεόδωρος
Nice to hear a summary of the history of a language. Nice job.
@TNOfan4093
@TNOfan4093 2 года назад
This is why I plan to study Scandinavian languages and cultures as my university's cursus.
@Mawnt
@Mawnt 2 года назад
Cool! I’m a swede by the way.
@polluxxxx399
@polluxxxx399 2 года назад
@@Mawnt Me too
@heisenberg6317
@heisenberg6317 2 года назад
Please can u make the next video about *interslavic language/medžuslovjansky jezyk* ? that would be a great video
@thomash7294
@thomash7294 2 года назад
I am Dutch and I understood Old Norse more than Old English
@ЕгорГордин-и7л
@ЕгорГордин-и7л 2 года назад
Please do Old Dutch (Old Low Franconian), Old High German & Old Frisian
@lba6859
@lba6859 2 года назад
Plus Old English (which is supposingly close to the metioned)
@12tanuha21
@12tanuha21 2 года назад
And Old Low German (or Old Saxon)
@tzuyoda691
@tzuyoda691 2 года назад
can you start sorting videos in playlist according to the continent/region ? that'd be helpful & appreciated
@branicevomapping2190
@branicevomapping2190 2 года назад
What happened with the playlists?
@pedro.516
@pedro.516 2 года назад
very good video, as per usual-your channel’s the best!
@nubianus
@nubianus 2 года назад
Gothic best one
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
It’s the most conservative out of the three.
@nubianus
@nubianus 2 года назад
@@CarvedStones yep, because of that. I noticed you have as a symbol an osthrogothic eagle
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones Год назад
@@nubianus the eagle fibula was something both Visigoths and Ostrogoths did when they buried their dead. Very interesting indeed.
@BatAskal
@BatAskal 2 года назад
@4:56 in Modern Germanic English: and Forgive us our guilt, as well as we forgiveth our others' guiltdom.
@johncortez8564
@johncortez8564 2 года назад
Exactly the same conversation between king ecbert and ragnar...good jlob!😊😊👍
@SarimFaruque
@SarimFaruque 2 года назад
Bring back gothic language
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
You have to speak it first
@weepingscorpion8739
@weepingscorpion8739 2 года назад
It makes me wonder which dialect of Old Norse is used here. 1150-1350 made me think textbook Old Norse but the text presented and the pronunciation of v as w makes me think this is something else, like late Old Danish or something. Great video though.
@enestekin6109
@enestekin6109 2 года назад
Thanks to you I learn so many things. Thanks a bunch!
@patchy642
@patchy642 Год назад
Isle of Tenerife, Spain, Tenerife. Great videos! When do you plan to compare and contrast Old English and Frisian? Best wishes, Patrick.
@nextpage5707
@nextpage5707 2 года назад
New Style ! I need to see your face. Please 😁
@ChristianThomasLeitel
@ChristianThomasLeitel 2 года назад
Old Ænglish 4:02 4:21 4:36 5:13
@matthewsteele99
@matthewsteele99 2 года назад
"British isles and Ireland" is redundant Ireland is part of geographic British isles
@larrywave
@larrywave 2 года назад
This was good 😇
@natara2384
@natara2384 2 года назад
Hi Andy! I know this will be very different from your current topic, but are you able to cover the Baba Malay language? I would love to hear it as I'm part Peranakan.
@ilovelanguages0124
@ilovelanguages0124 2 года назад
Hi, dear! I'm open for submissions. Lemme know if you know someone who can volunteer. :)
@magnus00125
@magnus00125 2 года назад
As a dane I understood some old norse. But also think english today seem more similar to old norse, but ofc that might be wrong. Gothic looks difficult. Did not understand anything at all
@artedealex676
@artedealex676 Год назад
The descendants of the goths all speak an Iberian language now lol
@abhinavchauhan7864
@abhinavchauhan7864 2 года назад
Can you please do proto Semitic and proto indo Aryan and avestan and proto Iranian? Sorry i am asking for too much
@Regular_Decorated_Emergency
@Regular_Decorated_Emergency 2 года назад
YES.
@cesargomez376
@cesargomez376 2 года назад
I like your videos. From Dominican Republic.
@Poetria_Elysia
@Poetria_Elysia 2 года назад
Þakka þér fyrir Andy!
@Regular_Decorated_Emergency
@Regular_Decorated_Emergency 2 года назад
Creepy how I understood this.
@diegorusso6900
@diegorusso6900 2 года назад
Lovely!
@MrMorgan316
@MrMorgan316 2 года назад
Some old norse signs sound still intelligible to me an English speaker. But it's hard to hear but I can understand a bit. Old english a tad less and gothic not so much at all. But I do speak German so I am a little advantaged I guess
@klauskaliaj3955
@klauskaliaj3955 2 года назад
Based on the explanation of the alphabets ,did anybody else hear slightly greek tones in gothic and latin tones in old english?
@CarvedStones
@CarvedStones 2 года назад
Gothic had a bit of a Greek influence from living within the boundaries of the eastern Roman Empire, not to mention its very similar to proto-Germanic. The angles probably picked up some of the roman-Briton dialec when they invaded Britain.
@altheamantes2041
@altheamantes2041 6 месяцев назад
The time you Could understand is the word understand
@ViktorRotkiv98
@ViktorRotkiv98 2 года назад
I love your Channel.. but please can you explain why you keep removing videos 😥 it’s always disappointing when I go to look up a language and it’s gone. I’m not sure why you do this, will you re-upload?
@ilovelanguages0124
@ilovelanguages0124 2 года назад
Thank you, dear! I privated the playlist because I am fixing them it will be up soon!
@ViktorRotkiv98
@ViktorRotkiv98 2 года назад
@@ilovelanguages0124 yay! Thank you, also biggest fan ever!! 😄 Thank you for preserving so many languages, I especially loved the Celtic and Aboriginal Australian language. Keep up the great work!
@RC-vc8pz
@RC-vc8pz 2 года назад
3:12 start
@camulodunon
@camulodunon 2 года назад
"to become thin rice"? 🤨❓
@-cinnamonangela-
@-cinnamonangela- 2 года назад
The first vid that I watched in this channel is the asian greetings one
@veronicalogotheti5416
@veronicalogotheti5416 2 года назад
Old english is frissian
@abhinavchauhan7864
@abhinavchauhan7864 2 года назад
First😁
@Perririri
@Perririri 2 года назад
Normie
@Gooduser-SimplePosts
@Gooduser-SimplePosts 2 года назад
Æld
@Wxyz2001
@Wxyz2001 2 года назад
I know that it doesn't have anything to do with the video, but I liked the new intro. In the past I thought that your/the voice was a type of robotic one, just like Google translate. Now I know that it's ur real voice, and with all respect without flirting, u have a super cute voice and a nice accent.
@ItsAA_Plays
@ItsAA_Plays 2 года назад
Can you do the urdu language?
@veronicalogotheti5416
@veronicalogotheti5416 2 года назад
Runes is greek
@ottoman1594
@ottoman1594 2 года назад
Maybe it is just a coincidance, but the gothic word for father "atta" sounds like the turkic word for father "ata"
@500mandarin
@500mandarin 2 года назад
It's a baby talk word presented in many unrelated families, similar to "mama"
@12tanuha21
@12tanuha21 2 года назад
The F at the start just dropped away
@joshuabradshaw9120
@joshuabradshaw9120 Год назад
I can see how Old English lost much of its inflection due to contact with Old Norse speakers. Similar to the Romance languages which evolved from regional dialects of vulgar Latin and became simplified due to contact with speakers of languages besides Latin, English was gradually simplified due to the need for those who were not native speakers of that language to communicate more easily with those who were.
@emperorshowa8842
@emperorshowa8842 2 года назад
What languages ​​will be popular in the future? 1- English 2- mandarin 3- Arabic 4- Spanish
@leonardoamorim2518
@leonardoamorim2518 2 года назад
Oh my god, this is amazing😁👏👏👏
@ouoliao9561
@ouoliao9561 2 года назад
first
@Perririri
@Perririri 2 года назад
Normie
@albmappingut_f2216
@albmappingut_f2216 2 года назад
Very interesting
@veronicalogotheti5416
@veronicalogotheti5416 2 года назад
The romans called the frigians angel From were did they take anglo saxon
@mikaelbackman2448
@mikaelbackman2448 Год назад
The vikings werer talking old norse in sweden also
@Dionysus784
@Dionysus784 2 года назад
can you please do the pomor dialect of russian?thank you
@shikhaupr
@shikhaupr 2 года назад
How did you make this without using google translate?????
@rickfromhell
@rickfromhell 2 года назад
Thank you for your channel, Andy, I love your videos! Language is amazing!
@au9parsec
@au9parsec 2 года назад
Andy loves languages
@au9parsec
@au9parsec 2 года назад
Andy loves my comment ❤️
@Puffywinkle
@Puffywinkle 2 года назад
I miss the quick language comparisons…🥺
@xenowolfraptor
@xenowolfraptor 2 года назад
Loved the video !
@AnulaibazIV
@AnulaibazIV 2 года назад
Where did you get the source for The Lord's Prayer in Old Norse?
@Davlavi
@Davlavi 2 года назад
cool.
@parmida28
@parmida28 2 года назад
you should do a video on oats Jenkin's new english alpabet
@CinCee-
@CinCee- 2 года назад
How does the narrator know how to pronounce these now dead languages so well?
@kevinnnn7
@kevinnnn7 2 года назад
Video idea: Belgian German dialect 🇧🇪
@nenisguevaragomez8122
@nenisguevaragomez8122 2 года назад
Why sodlice instead of Amen?
@dylanizurieta3390
@dylanizurieta3390 2 года назад
Ic lufige þine lare. -An mann fram andweardnesse.
@thespyingxypher3726
@thespyingxypher3726 2 года назад
can you do han-viet dialect?
@junatantigaantanom8890
@junatantigaantanom8890 2 года назад
Please Make Murutic Langunge
@nezukochan1217
@nezukochan1217 2 года назад
Acehnese pleass
@黒田たかし-n5f
@黒田たかし-n5f 2 года назад
3:31
@smitchmarcomani5937
@smitchmarcomani5937 2 года назад
Can you do Thadou language please🙏
@nurassyltileubekov9973
@nurassyltileubekov9973 2 года назад
3:33 sus
@quamne
@quamne 2 года назад
they sound beautiful
@thestrongestmanintheworld
@thestrongestmanintheworld 2 года назад
Germanic gang
@guacaDCLXVI
@guacaDCLXVI 2 года назад
3:30
@makutas-v261
@makutas-v261 2 года назад
3:33 MAPGTFW (MY AWKARD PETER GRIFFIN TROLLFACE WHEN, FAMOUS INTERNET SLANG) MOM WALKS IN WHEN ILoveLanguages! SAYS SIX IN OLD GERMANIC LANGUAGES AND TAKES AWAY MY XBOX :O D:
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