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R-410A AC Unit, Checking the Charge with Subcooling, Undercharged through Overcharged!

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In this HVAC Training Video, I Show How to Measure the R-410A Refrigerant Charge Level Using the Subcooling Method. I Check the Charge 4 Times on an Air Conditioner that has had Refrigerant Added or Recovered for each Scenario. I show a Severely Undercharged System, Slightly Undercharged, Correctly Charged, and Overcharged System. Supervision is needed by a licensed HVACR Tech while performing tasks as Experience and Apprenticeship garners Wisdom and Safety.
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⚠️ Disclaimer:
Information in this video is intended for educational purposes only. Any work related to the topics in this video should be performed by licensed technicians or by apprentices under the supervision of licensed technicians. AC Service Tech LLC is not responsible for any possible damages or injuries caused by the use or misuse of any information provided.
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3 сен 2021

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Комментарии : 151

@sandraledger2612 2 года назад

You have the best HVAC videos available. Hands Down.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thank you so much Sandra!

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

Trust me, he doesn’t know what he’s talking about

@Jeff_Seely 2 года назад

Man, I agree! About the best videos👌

@erlinvalle1163 7 месяцев назад

Why add refrigerant in low side as liquid if you mentioned in the beginning that if liquid refrigerant travels to low side can damage the compressor but than you said to add liquid trough vapor side ?

@all2031 2 года назад

most understandable explanation compared to many technicians who try to complicate a simple process.

@all2031 Год назад

These are representatives of big money who willfully transfer wealth from shallow pockets to deep pockets through adjusting the levers of power. They create the economic cycles. Now that is the genius of the few to force many into their desired places.

@kiteboarderx Год назад

@@all2031 what are you smoking?

@all2031 Год назад

@Mike Spencer reality sauce composed of history, political economy, political sociology, political psychology, and religious politics.

@mrshyst Год назад

This is the first place I go to when I need to get information quickly and precisely

@bryantylerservices 2 года назад

Good job explaining.scenarios on overcharge..undercharge..superheat and subcooling. Many techs.just go by metering device.( ex .TXV..just check sub cooling), but superheat is neccesary as well.,for heat transfer as you memtioned..vice versa for piston orfice. Need to check both always Great job explaining Craig.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Absolutely, thanks Joseph!

@electricboyo Месяц назад

Excellent presentation! This video clearly explains why it is necessary to adjust the charge to get the subcooling close to the nameplate value. After obtaining proper subcooling then the TXV can be diagnosed and either adjusted or replaced to get an appropriate level of superheat in the evaporator.

@ishalljr 2 года назад

Thanks for your content per usual. You are appreciated. Be blessed

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

May The Lord Bless You too Ivan. Love the Icon!

@tommyteamer9037 10 месяцев назад

Thank you for your HVAC video It helps the longest you watch and listen.

@jie1379 10 месяцев назад

rule of thumb just keep low side on 125psi and high side on 350psi when it the indoor temp aroud 80F and outdoor around 95F after running about 30 mins, and use your hand to touch liquid line and you will feel it a little bit warmer . touch suction line feel it like in refrigerator. once you deal with ac enough u can use your hand to feel it. ac is very forgivable for level of charge. ( or you can try the factory charge method on the label, recovery all of that and charge the factory charge amount + extra length of line to factor in, the factor charge only cover 15ft lengh of line for the ac) subcooling and superhead is very useful when outdoor temp over 100 degree.

@deanburke3041 Год назад

Good & fast explanation for anyone who's experimented with his girlfriends with whom he works on all the time.

@armandorodriguez6447 2 года назад

Great video,after 30 years doing this,I find I enjoy your videos. Where was RU-vid back when all we used was paper,pencil,calculator and the amazing Polaroid camera. I thought I was on top of the world with my Polaroid back then Lmao 😂 fun times. Making calls inside stores to tech support was just awful awful awful,way too many trips onto the roofs. Techs now have no clue on how it was and how good and easy it is now

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

30 years of doing this?? He said 19 superheat and it’s low on charge??? You didn’t pick that up?

@brianmcdermott1718 2 года назад

Great info. Thank you Craig.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thank you Brian!

@jimmysegovia2688 2 года назад

awesome Craig!!!! thank you for sharing have a nice labor day weekend.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Glad you enjoyed it Jimmy!

@jynnandtonnyx 2 года назад

Wonderful video thank you ! I really appreciate the way you explain what you are doing and what is happening. The repetition and detail is really helping me :)

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Absolutely, I agree, thanks!

@truthmatters6719 Год назад

@@acservicetechchannel great video sir! I just have 2 quick questions because I'm a bit confused, if I'm low on refrigerant will I have a low superheat or a high superheat? Also, if a have only a low side service valve can I still calculate the subcooling?

@thesilentonevictor 2 года назад

Great hvacr information 👏 knowledge is always important

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Absolutely! Knowledge is something that no one can take from you and you can continue to build on it to make yourself more valuable! Thanks!

@Honestandtruth007 3 месяца назад

Thank you Teacher Craig as Always 👍🙏

@kevinshen3246 2 месяца назад

Great Video, thank you for sharing

@taiebjerbi5419 2 года назад

Respect to you, you are the best. I just bought your books. Very helpful.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Awesome and please let me know what you think of them after reading!

@taiebjerbi5419 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel very informative books and videos, thank you

@Robv73 2 года назад

Excellent Video! Your videos are the best, Keep up the great work!

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thanks a lot Bob!

@hashimshams9633 2 года назад

Thank you, thank you, I will always have the utmost respect for you, and wish you and your family all the best. 1)"" I hope you do a video with good details regarding symptoms of ( High Return Air Temperature ) passing through the evaporator ."" 2)"" Low indoor air flow / and low Return air temperature symptoms .""

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thank you Hashim! Here are two videos that you may like on the subject- ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-ob44e8fVhwk.html and ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-wZctpvMtXMM.html thanks!

@dieselfixr 2 года назад

This helped me so much. Thank you!

@jpechacek80 Год назад

In the camera shot, the red gauge is on the right, while the liquid line is on the left. The service ports are opposite the gages, so the red and blue hoses cross. For a minute I got confused. I saw your "practice charging" video and figured it out. Sorry, newb glitch.

@user-kt2hb8xr3p 2 года назад

Great job, thank you brother. You are so talented

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Glad you enjoyed it!

@clarksafg 2 года назад

I was taught for r410 ….to have 20f difference between the outdoor temp and the highside temp..and 30-35f for r22…in Michigan

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

That was referred to as the ambient over 30 rule. It was an old rule of thumb used in the 90's for checking r-22 charges on 10 seer units. That will really depend on the seer rating such as ambient over 25 for 12 and 13 seer units. That was also when they primarily were equipped with pistons. Now we are more specific in charging with total superheat and subcooling, thanks!

@arp_catchall 2 года назад

If replacing evap coil is it always necessary to add oil, or does the compressor retain what it needs?

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

The issue is even if you try to tilt the old evap coil to see how much oil is in it, there are so many bends that you can't get it all out to measure how much. You certainly could add in what you are able to measure though. In most cases, the amount will not be that much if the evap coil is in a higher elevation than the outdoor unit.

@ozzman530 Месяц назад

You did a great job showing hooking up the gauges as well as demonstrating the under and over charged conditions. However I noticed no attention was paid to proper procedure for disconnecting the gauges. Is there a specific method or order for taking the hoses off?

@delvirodriguez2182 2 года назад

Thank you for this wonderful video.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Glad you enjoyed it!

@Paulie1232 2 года назад

Hi, I sent you an email a few days ago about sponsoring your channel....

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

I sent an email back over Paul, thank you!

@nickma71 10 дней назад

Would you ever test temps with laser temp sensors?

@sergiomelapelas3378 2 года назад

What was ur ambient temperature outside

@Ojeramup12 День назад

I have a 1 1/2 ton unit. If I call a technician and he puts on these blue and red gauges what numbers should they be if the R-410A is correctly charged? This is I am sure oversimplified but is there an estimate number to go by?

@EdwardStarkey-i9e Месяц назад

Where to find all the info and diagnostics on the electrical side of the systems

@SudhakarReddy-zm3bo 3 месяца назад

R410a 4 ton unit with TXV after adding 2 lb refrigerent Sub cooling is showing is - 6.1 recommended 8 by manufacture super heat is 25 which is recommended by manufacture, why subcooling is negetive pls advise

@tinopratt3056 Год назад

Hello I need to no if vacuum pump oil pulling into the air conditioning system cause compressor compressor burn out

@James-zo1bj Месяц назад

Was it necessary to purge air out of lines if you’re just checking the charge?

@BenjaminTruongvideo Год назад

You are the best. Help me for sure❤

@huyongquan6554 2 года назад

Hi at the beginning of the video. system equalized. show outdoor temperature is 81F, which saturated pressure should be 239.4F, but Pressure gauge shown 215psi. so the system is low charged. refrigerator is super heat state. So system is under charged. Is it necessary to carry out further test? How we judge whether refrigerator inside cylinder is vapour or saturated.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

If the sat temp does not line up with the actual temp and is much lower then either there is another refrigerant type in the unit or the unit lost about 7/8 of the full refrigerant charge, thanks!

@Mrpokbluesky 3 месяца назад

Your video is the best! . Question.. Do we need to remove shreded valve before charging ?

@Oldtimerider Год назад

Thanks!

@user-jz7xg8pq9q 5 месяцев назад

does it matter if outdoor temp is above acca standards, when it come to subcooling?

@Ricardito4155 3 месяца назад

What happens if the subcool is going up and down ? Liquid pressure moves up and down

@darrenbaugh6579 10 месяцев назад

Thanks for the video.

@henrykelly7837 2 года назад

Excellent

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thanks Henry!

@moneycalling8457 2 месяца назад

Thank you sensei

@JeremyChan 2 года назад

👍 Good instructions

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thanks Jeremy!

@Micko350 2 года назад

First time I've ever heard it called Arefortenay! 🤣

@burtminshew4812 Год назад

You said indoor TXV subcooling. I know what you meant but young ones maybe not. Also if the condenser coil is dirty techs will always screw the charge up.

@cutabove9046 2 года назад

This might sound strange but how about producing a video on charging a car air conditioning system? The auto industry's solution is to remove the entire charge, measure what was taken out and then charge on the deficit based on manufacturer levels. To do this you need a special machine. There has to be an easier way using a gauge set as is done with home A/C.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

You don't need a special machine but do need a recovery machine and bottle. Thanks for letting me know what you would like to see!

@yf502_01 Год назад

Hi there, great video! I’m having an issue with my AC unit where my liquid line pressure keeps varying by about 4-5 sub cooling. So it’ll go to 5 and then back down to 0 or even negative. Is it some sign that the thermo valve is bad?

@cck1496 2 года назад

Excellent video. Can anyone tell please what is the relationship of degree of "super heat" with "humidity"? Thanks.

@yakeetywinkle Год назад

thank you for these very informative videos. Can superheating and subcooling be used to determine the proper charge on an auto a/c?

@jonathanortega8089 2 года назад

Great explanation!! And I purchased the books on the description… but are you gonna make a book for Installation?

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

I am working on another book right now, everything takes a lot of time though! Thanks!

@jonathanortega8089 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel 😀👍

@alpinecarb5607 2 года назад

Thank you so much for your videos. I'm new to the trade and your videos helps me alot. When measuring subcooling, does the ambient temperature affects that number? Let's say subcooling on nameplate is 6 with TXV in the condenser. Assuming no air flow issue. Would i get a different subcooling when its F 85⁰ out side vs 70⁰? Thanks again !!

@samblack5969 2 года назад

So what would you do if you couldn’t read the name plate and didn’t know the target subcooling. What would be your ‘go to’ sub cooling target be?

@MusikerongKalboTV 2 года назад

Hi all videos are helpful. Hoping to see about inverter controlled Airconditioning unit. Philippines tech

@user-ov9zy7pu4s 5 месяцев назад

HI There, I love your videos! I have 2 questions, why does the tag for the TXV say "indoor sub cooling" when it controls "indoor super heat" ? It is just confusing to me. I understand the TXV targets a superheat delta T, but why wouldn't the tag say "outdoor sub cooling with proper charge" or something like that? Also, I was wondering if your A/C quick reference charts have R-134a or R-1234yf refrigerant on them?

@user-ov9zy7pu4s 5 месяцев назад

Never mind on the 2nd question, I found it in another one of your videos. P/T Chart for R-22, R-410A, R-407C, R422B (NU22B), and R438A (MO99)

@iancunicolae2626 2 года назад

is it ok to have 13.5 subcooling on a 10 +- 2 Target? per manufacturer? Only slightly higher amps? Will it perform better in heatpump by having more freon? in the winder when the volume goes down due to the cold?

@mohaalgha3397 2 года назад

Thank you for sharing!! What is the best way to check system oil and how to add if it is low? Thank you again!!

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

The system should not be low on oil unless there was a dramatic amount of refrigerant recovered while using the systems compressor. If a recovery machine is used, it will not remove much oil in comparison. You would not be able to check an oil level on a system though, thanks!

@keepout7439 2 года назад

Cool video brother 💯👍 , on the straight cool piston system , ( Goodman ) I want to check it by Super heat correct , and about what am I looking for on a 410 , 2, 1/2 ton system ❓❓

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

Piston go by superheat, around 16-20 on Goodman. Honestly anything under 25 superheat is fine. Txv inside you’re looking for 10-12 max subcool

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

If it has a piston then yes check the charge using the total superheat method. Here are videos on that. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-sCIsw2FKC0M.html and ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-qpXZhTRPIXc.html

@popsfoodboat4941 Год назад

I have an issue and was hoping you can help. I have a 4 ton r410a heat pump with txv in air handler. In ac mode 85 ambient temp. Unit is cooling fine with 115 suction and 260 head and 78 hs temp so subcool is correct at 8 (7-9). shouldn't I have a much higher hi side reading? thanks in advance.

@khushbooara7048 2 года назад

Hi Are there any similar videos for Automobile AC systems?

@andreduplessis79 2 года назад

How does one do subcooling when theres no Liquid line port available?

@bobp913 Год назад

Thank you for your quality videos.... can you answer me a question? I have an r410a heat pump system with a high suction pressure and a normal head pressure. 158suction and 335 loquid with a 9 degree sub cooling but only a 10 degree drop between return and supply... what do you think it could be?

@elusivephenom7062 10 месяцев назад

What's your superheat

@James_YaakovGirded 9 месяцев назад

Awesome explanation. Are the books still available ?

@acservicetechchannel 9 месяцев назад

absolutely! at acservicetech.com/store

@revealingfacts4all 11 месяцев назад

my mr. cool universal 3ton units do not show a target sub-cool value on the cabinets. When I ask them what it should be, they tell me you should not evaluate charge based on this method and that you have to pull out the refrigerant and weigh it. I can't imagine going through that effort but it's what I'm being told. Soooo is there a way to determine what the target sub cool temp is through other means?

@stoptellingmewhattowrite 11 месяцев назад

Not an HVAC tech. However, many of them say that, you need to check if your system has EEV instead of TXV or piston, if it is EEV then weighing in is the only option I believe. If you can, pull up installer's manual for your unit and it should have a target sub-cool value there. I'm assuming your Mr.Cool is the inverter type system with TXV at the indoor coil (typical ducted system, like Bosch BOVA, if not, then this will not work [because of EEV that controls everything]), make sure you find the button/setting on how to FORCE the system to run at 100% capacity (unmodulated) before checking, otherwise you will not get the correct pressures/temps. Typically, sub-cooling of 10-11 degrees F' is OK.

@revealingfacts4all 11 месяцев назад

@@stoptellingmewhattowrite You're quite correct. Indoor unit is a TXV and compressor unit has EEV and in the manual there are procedures via the control board to force the EEV open. I have the service manual for the unit too and I confirm there is no mention of target sub-cool. When I talk to them via email it's always the same, gotta weigh it or call a licensed HVAC tech. When my evap coil developed a leak, I paid $150 for a licensed HVAC to come "diagnose" it and all he did was hook up his gauges and pump in some R410A until the liquid line PSIG/TEMP read 43F. He never weighed how much was put in (then guessed and charged me 1lb). This was the only way Mr. Cool would honor their warranty. So now that I finally have a new evap coil and ready to install, I would like to dial in the system more accurately (if possible) without evacuating the entire system just so I can weigh the refrigerant. anyway... seems the industry is full of people who just wing it including the license "PROs".

@aaronclark1599 2 года назад

What if a unit is missing the Subcooling number, do we just measure wet and dry bulb and figure that way?

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

I like to target about 11 degrees, thanks!

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

No subcooling is done in the heat pump in ac mode. Unless txv is wide open but mostly determined by outdoor coil and charge

@aaronclark1599 2 года назад

@@couldntcareless2602 I know that lol, thats not what I'm asking... I'm saying if the subcooling number is missing on the unit you can get that desired subcooling number by measuring wet-bulb and dry bulb, then that will give you what number of subcooling you are looking for.. I'm not asking how to calculate subcooling

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

@@aaronclark1599 oh now I get it 🤦‍♂️. 😂 10 is a good rule of thumb. There’s a calculator app for that and it uses all the refrigerants. Yeah it uses wet bulb and ambient

@aaronclark1599 2 года назад

@@couldntcareless2602 lol, that's okay man I figured you just had my comment wrong lis all lol

@kaundahpro 11 месяцев назад

how can the books reach me please

@paulobrien1120 2 года назад

Great video, should line length and lift chart be considered along with designed subcooling to determine final target value ?

@f1reguy587 Год назад

Line length wouldnt change pressure or temp values, but having the wireless temperature clamps to fit to the indoor coil for a chiller or freezer might gain you a couple of degrees in temp, arguably the low side temp when read at the exit of the coil vs by the condensing unit wouldn’t be so far out that you’d begin adjusting refrigerant levels in itself, what i did to teach myself about making that judgement was to just take some suction temps over time using the same temperature clamp, the bigger influence is if the sun is directly on the copper line, where you just wait a bit longer to get a read that seems closer, rather that about 8 degrees hotter. Anyway most guys run slightly overcharged. But i came across a unit the other day undercharged on purpose, old system that keeps going out on high pressure, (surface area of the condenser is the issue i think, unless theres a problem in the accumulator also)…too much glide in the gas, not sure on the history behind this, but even undercharged, i still attended on a hot day to reset the high pressure, then i cleaned the condenser. Guess what im implying here is to be as sure as possible that you know why things are the way they are..

@jasonb.1749 2 года назад

On Goodman units, they don't show the subcooling rating. What do you guys mostly go with for the charge when using a TXV

@JoseJB0 2 года назад

I was told by the local Goodman guy to set the subcooling 7 to 9.

@jasonb.1749 2 года назад

@@JoseJB0 Thnx Bro

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Depends on if its microchannel but if not then you can target 10 to 11, thanks!

@honesdalefuf6852 2 года назад

What is micro channel

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

@@honesdalefuf6852 mostly nordyne uses them. It’s a smaller coil but way more ubends and coils in the evap. They’re honestly nothing but trouble

@lthaduke2502 2 года назад

If you’re trying to release the air while the unit is running would you unscrew the hoses slightly where they connect to the manifold?

@billb3590 2 года назад

That’s against the law brother

@lthaduke2502 2 года назад

@@billb3590 im referring to the process of purging the air before you fill the unit with refrigerant. He does it during the video while the unit is off. I wasn’t talking about venting refrigerant

@Dashawn56 2 года назад

I thought you couldn’t charge 410a as a vapor because it is a blend ?

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

You are definitely not supposed to charge 410 as a vapor. This guy does not know what he’s talking about. Always liquid with 410

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

R-410A must come out of the bottle as a liquid but we charge it slowly into the vapor side a little at a time to cause it to vaporize before it enters the vapor compressor, thanks!

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel it’s a blend so no you’re not supposed to do that. The gases have different weights

@mexicant777 2 года назад

“In order to fix the problem you have to recover the refrigerant….. pssst psssssssssst pssssst that should be enough”.

@josephrostkowski8631 Год назад

If r22 recovery then sell them a a 410 system 😢 Jk

@stephwaylonwells3218 2 года назад

👍

@rickgonzalez3662 2 года назад

Do time to go digital all the way Fieldpiece smans. And and a pair of flex Sacramento probes jl3rh

@rickgonzalez3662 2 года назад

Psychrometer probe

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

I have them and use them. I typically use what students will have available in the classrooms, thanks for letting me know what you would like to see!

@Josh-gb6mv 2 года назад

If you have 33 degrees suction line sat temp (evap coil temp) you’re undercharged and you don’t need to check other readings to realize that. Also if you’re running analog gauges get you some rubber gauge protectors and bezels. How do you know if those gauges are even accurate? It doesn’t even look like you have a plastic bezel over them they could have gotten bumped or rubbed up against something. This is ridiculous. Also get you a tubing clamp. Matter of fact get you a good set of digital gauges. This may look legitimate to someone not in the trades but to me this looks like something a hack would do, like the type of person that just pulls vacuum through 1/4 inch hoses on that analog manifold and doesn’t run a micron gauge. Ole’ Chuck in the truck vibes hitting hard here.

@mydeserthvac 2 года назад

I think these are video's for those who are just beginning to grasp the superheat and subcool concept.

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

The bezels are taken off solely for the videos so the viewer can read it better. I often use these compound gauges because that is what students in the classrooms and new techs will have available to work with. I use the digital SMA 380 and 460 pretty heavy as well but when I am teaching I often go back to the compound sets.

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

THANK YOU!! Glad someone else called him out. This guy has no idea what he’s talking about

@damiangul9384 2 года назад

Little liquid won't hurt the compressor she'll be fine

@tphvac87 2 года назад

Explain which side you add it into new guys screw that up all the time, through the suction side, SUCTION! It’s sucking, make sense….

@jcrif 3 месяца назад

Did anyone else hear him say Fortinay?

@7Engineering 2 года назад

very nice manifold can be mine 🤣 🙏

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

I use the compound manifold for teaching but use the digitals and the test probes for service. Most new techs just have compound gauges though and want to teach what all the readings mean, thanks!

@7Engineering 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel It's true that I'm a new technician so I haven't been able to read manifolds like that. if i may know how much is the price of such a manifold, maybe if i collect my money i will buy it 😁 🙏

@R6Wick 2 года назад

0:35 10:50

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

Did you say 19 degrees of superheat and it’s undercharged? Might wanna rephrase that

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Yes 19 degrees of total superheat along with low subcooling = undercharged thanks!

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel that couldn’t be more incorrect. The numbers your showing shows a problem either with the metering unit or the indoor coil. You honestly have no idea what you’re talking about and shouldn’t be making HVAC content

@couldntcareless2602 2 года назад

@@acservicetechchannel either txv or piston 19 degrees of superheat is dead on. You have no idea what you’re talking about

@tomgray3804 Год назад

Dude, get a 4 port manifold. I would be ashamed to show how to do this with those janky gauges.

@realestateservicessaleshea99 2 года назад

☕🍺😎🍿👍🏻

@acservicetechchannel 2 года назад

Thanks!

@vaam8400 Год назад

Good info, but he speaks too fast and lingo is too confusing, if it meant for training then it must have language flow. He is pro but not people who are learning.😮