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Rule 71: Sequence of Tenses

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There are four tenses of the subjunctive (present, perfect, imperfect, pluperfect), but in any given sentence, you have just two to choose from. Welcome to the concept of sequence of tenses, which exposes the relativistic nature of the subjunctive mood, where the present and imperfect subjunctive show an action happening at the same time as the main verb, while the perfect and pluperfect subjunctive show an action that is already completed when the main verb takes place. This video will teach you how to know what each tense means, and how to parse and Latin sentence to understand this relationship between the main and subordinate clase.

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27 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 46

@legostar8142 3 года назад

Thank you for this 4 year journey, I would never forget the help you did for me! Imma still watch because Latin still sounds cool to learn

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Then my job is not yet finished!

@dr.edwardpeters7344 9 месяцев назад

One of the best explanations of this topic I have ever seen. Thank you.

@Lilly_kaha1234 3 года назад

I just finished my 4 year Latin course I was so fortunate to take thank you so much for your help!

@latintutorial 3 года назад

I “had to take” instead of “was so fortunate to have been able to take”? 😉

@legostar8142 3 года назад

Yo, same thing, this channel saved my four years of Latin

@Enoughdata 3 года назад

"Desilite commilitiones! Nisi vultis aquilam hostibus prodere! Ego certe meum rei publicae atque imperatori officium praestitero" What a legend. RIP the nameless aquilifer who coepit ferre the aquilam towards the hostes.

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Did he even survive the assault? If only Caesar knew his name like with the other aquilifer from Book 5, Lucius Petrosidius.

@sergeyufimtsev711 3 года назад

I have a feeling like this rule should be more or less clear and easy to grasp for native speakers of English, English has a similar rule on the tense sequence. Another deal with Russian, Russian lacks any form of the sequence of times found in Latin or English. We use the present tense in the subordinate clause if that action is in the same time as in the main clause, we use the past tense in the subordinate when it happened before the main clause, we use the future in the subordinate when happens after the main clause; and the main clause tense might be any. So English "she was asking what he was doing" in Russian would be literally "she was asking what he is doing" (subordinate present = in the time of the main clause), English "she was asking what he would do" would be literally "she was asking what he will do" in Russian (so, the subordinate is after the main, so the future tense :D) Well, kinda offtopic but maybe someone will find curious to note :D

@achillea3147 Год назад

Sequence of tenses has always tripped me up, and I'm nearly done with a PhD in classical languages. thanks for the great videos.

@latintutorial Год назад

You're very welcome!

@DracoMatt 3 года назад

When all your videos will be downloadable ? I'M READY TO PAY ! but plz... You're better than all my books on the subject gathered.

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Every year, it's *publish more videos to stay relevant on RU-vid* THEN work on new tools to push the envelope. I'm currently in the former mode, but I have and will be in the latter mode. Hopefully sooner rather than later. Downloadable videos should be a thing.

@sergeyufimtsev711 3 года назад

in theory, there are some tools like youtube-dl to download from youtube, so you kinda can do this even now. Though I haven't tried myself how it's working

@DracoMatt 3 года назад

@@sergeyufimtsev711 Yes it works. But it takes 2 minutes per video, multipled by 92... You got the idea ahah. But yes, I could do that and I even started months ago

@catekrell5519 2 года назад

THANK YOU for your stellar videos: hugely helpful!! -Do you mind sharing what curriculum you use to teach your own Latin classes?

@captainwillard670 2 года назад

at 2:52 , wouldn't a translation with 'you have done' be 'perfect with have', and therefore use the present subjunctive? Shouldn't fēceris translate to 'you did' as it is secondary sequence and uses 'perfect without have'?

@vaevictis5878 3 года назад

Can you do a video on 100 words you should know to learn latin?

@ilyanh7269 3 года назад

There’s a Quizlet set giving all words you need for Latin IGCSE’s

@latintutorial 3 года назад

This is a list of the core Latin words in the AP Latin syllabus ranked 1-100 on the frequency chart, sorted in order of frequency: AP Latin Core 1-100 quizlet.com/583878189/ap-latin-core-1-100-flash-cards/?i=njj54&x=1jqY

@latintutorial 3 года назад

And I have a whole lot more of these.

@vaevictis5878 3 года назад

@@latintutorial thank you!

@calinmihai5273 3 года назад

Good afternoon, Thank you very much for your very elaborate and clear videos. I've watched everyone of them at least 2 times and recommanded your channel to everyone of my latin lover friends. The only thing which trubles me is that youtube tells me that there are another videos with rules which are hidden. How can i see them? Is it something that i should pay? Thanks you

@ilyanh7269 3 года назад

Hi, I’m thinking of doing IB Lower Level Latin instead of French when I have to choose in a few months… I’ve always preferred Latin even though there is more to learn: I know your a Latin teacher and so chances are you’d go for Latin but do you think this is worth it? I don’t think I’ll ever be going to France or something… and Latin is really interesting to me.. I know there will be lots of texts as well which I find exciting

@GDitto 3 года назад

I personally hated IB French and found the focus on “just learn the language 🤷🏻‍♂️” to be incredibly unhelpful. I much rather would’ve taken IB Latin, but we didn’t offer it. I’m fluent in both.

@ilyanh7269 3 года назад

I took Latin and French for IGCSE’s which I will be doing next year, I’ve been doing Latin previously for 3 years and French basically all my school life. In my End of Year French and Latin Exams I got very similar results, with French a little better. However the two subjects were the 2 I got the worst marks out of all my subjects on. Anyways I have to do 1 of em for IB, after reading this and knowing I prefer Latin would you still think I should do Latin? Another thing, my parents would rather I do French.

@ilyanh7269 3 года назад

A third thing: something I’m quite worried about. In IB French there are full classes since most people choose French for the language, but this is not the case for Latin. Last year, there were only 3 people doing Lower Level Latin, and 1 doing higher. I don’t do well with classes with a low number of students, in the case of both the students I am with and the teacher. I much prefer when there are large classes (usually 20-24) and little attention is on me.

@GDitto 3 года назад

@@ilyanh7269 I don’t know how participation works in Latin, but it’s huge in French. If you don’t participate, you get marked off your final mark (I forget the exact %). You’re expected more or less to be productive in the language for most of the time, at least in HL.

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Generally, if you're more interested in the subject matter, you'll likely learn it better and have more success. So take Latin because it sounds like you'll be happier in that class. Also, while it looks like you're worried about the smaller classes with Latin, it's probably the best way to improve. With nowhere to hide, you'll have to confront your weaknesses, but you'll also probably get one-on-one instruction on how to improve them. /advice from a teacher

@curtpiazza1688 2 года назад

Great stuff!

@Vesperfelis 3 года назад

Hey! Love you videos: Could you link me to a video (or just describe) what noun case is used when saying something is going to something. For example: “He goes to the market” what noun case would “market” be in? Would it be the accusative? Locative? I hope that’s not a dumb question and I hope you’re having a good day :)

@latintutorial 3 года назад

The Prepositional Phrase in Latin: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-tuZI06T0kRE.html

@latintutorial 3 года назад

There’s also Rule 59 about relations of place: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-eLAxlScE50M.html (similar topic, different level).

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Here’s an oldie on the locative case (since you mentioned it): ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-VwLS-fh3pVg.html

@latintutorial 3 года назад

And Rule 60, with nouns that take the Locative: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-Mv8Ru8B7Buw.html (same topic, different approach)

@qvaerensveritatem9064 Год назад

Q: What is the difference in MEANING, b/w rogat quid fecit, vs rogat quid fecerit?

@user-gx6bp6sl9j Год назад

"fecit" is in the perfect (he/she/it did, made) and "fecerit" is in the pluperfect (he/she/it HAD done/made). Pluperfect is the past of the past.

@krillitfast2174 Год назад

@user-gx6bp6sl9j fecerat is the pluperfect, fecerit is the subjunctive, no?

@VukVuj 3 года назад

Kinda unimportant, but, wouldn't the Roman numeral for 91 be XCI and not LXXXXI? Or am i getting something wrong?

@latintutorial 3 года назад

No, XC as 90 came about well after the ancient world. Subtractive Roman numerals were rarely used, except when space was at a premium (e.g., tombstones), until the Middle Ages.

@VukVuj 3 года назад

@@latintutorial ahhh, ok, thanks for explaining.

@rickshafer6688 3 года назад

This is like the difference between an ACT score and an college athletec. Back in the olden times. - "Yo, don't hold my jock so tight." (Maybe that is too close to the Catholics).