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Should Government Fund Science? 

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AEI's Tony Mills and British biochemist Terence Kealey debate whether science needs government funding.
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M. Anthony (Tony) Mills of the American Enterprise Institute and Terence Kealey of The Cato Institute debate the resolution, "Government must play a role in fostering scientific and technological progress by funding basic research."
Defending the resolution is Mills, a senior fellow and director of the Center for Technology, Science, and Energy at the American Enterprise Institute. He is also a senior fellow at the Pepperdine School of Public Policy and a scholar associate of the Society of Catholic Scientists. Dr. Mills was previously a resident senior fellow at the R Street Institute and an editor for numerous publications. His writings have appeared in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The New Atlantis, National Affairs, Issues in Science and Technology, and various peer-reviewed journals. He holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Notre Dame.
Taking the negative is Kealey, an adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute. Originally trained in medicine and biochemistry, he is a former lecturer in clinical biochemistry at the University of Cambridge. Between 2001 and 2014 he was the vice-chancellor of the University of Buckingham. He is known for his 1996 book, The Economic Laws of Scientific Research.

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17 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 86   
@CodyAF333voluntaryist
@CodyAF333voluntaryist 8 месяцев назад
If by Gov you mean tax payers, the answer is NO.
@tallard666
@tallard666 8 месяцев назад
Which begs the question, What even is "government" anymore. It's supposed to be "the people", but today, government is "The corporate world"
@Gamerad360
@Gamerad360 8 месяцев назад
@@tallard666 It's not suppose to be "The People" That would be democracy most nations thought to be democracies aren't. The US is a Republic where law rules not the people. The people have never ruled. The president is elected by electors that represent the state. The person elected isn't necessarily the popular choice, if we were an actual democracy that wouldn't be the case.
@tallard666
@tallard666 8 месяцев назад
@@Gamerad360 You're not wrong. And I agree more with the Electoral College than I do a pure "popular vote". I come back to two contradictory items: 1. “that these dead shall not have died in vain- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth” (U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, November 19, 1863) 2. The Greeks had the only real democracy. Land owners voted, no one else, because the buck stops there. The settlers tried to merge some "native" vision of decision-making with "democracy" and ended up with neither. It's a mess. I believe we've reached peak game. You know why adults don't play TicTacToe? Because once you know the game, it's gamed, and there can be no winner. That's where were at with this "democracy", it's basically been TicTacToe'd.
@Gamerad360
@Gamerad360 8 месяцев назад
@@tallard666 The way people ruled in Greek democracy was through random selection, and in some positions of merit were appointed based mostly on meritocracy. The democratic part of their system is that every year a random landed citizens would be chosen to fill position so the people actually ruled, and they had direct democracy whether to declare war, or other matters. This is real democracy, and it works on a local level or in small nations, but it still has to be limited by constitutional law, but I still think we would be better off then with the bastardized democracy we have. It's hard to game direct democracy. The Swiss have successfully used the system for longer then the US has been around. They also have an executive council with better checks and balances. The one thing I would change is their voting system to another better one such as approval vote.
@tallard666
@tallard666 8 месяцев назад
@@Gamerad360 Thanks, a rare intelligently and well written comment. You obviously know more than me on this topic!
@LarrySeltzer
@LarrySeltzer 8 месяцев назад
I was there last night for this debate and it was far more interested than I had hoped. It's the first Soho Debate in which I changed my vote. I learned a lot.
@LibertarianJRT
@LibertarianJRT 8 месяцев назад
If I was independently wealthy or lived in the area, I would definitely attend these in person.
@LauHS18
@LauHS18 8 месяцев назад
@@LibertarianJRT @LarrySeltzer Hi! I'm a graduate student currently researching people's interest in watching debates and learning about different opinions. I have gone to a couple of Soho forums before and would love to hear about your take and opinion on this kind of forum. Would you be open to having a conversation about this?
@LarrySeltzer
@LarrySeltzer 8 месяцев назад
@@LauHS18 Sorry I didn't reply earlier. Yes, I would be happy to have that discussion.
@bigz5262
@bigz5262 8 месяцев назад
If they can figure out how to raise the money without stealing then have at it
@LibertarianJRT
@LibertarianJRT 8 месяцев назад
It's at least obvious that the way funding is done now has deep problems and needs reform.
@jmf5246
@jmf5246 8 месяцев назад
Transisters, IC and Lasers all from the private sector. Most academic research is a waste of money
@CodyAF333voluntaryist
@CodyAF333voluntaryist 8 месяцев назад
[Govern] - from the Latin Verb "Guverno" meaning "To Control" [Ment] - from the Latin Noun "Mentis" meaning "Mind". Government means to CONTROL the MIND.
@OneEyedOneHornedGian
@OneEyedOneHornedGian 8 месяцев назад
That was very nice. I struggled through the first 30 min as I disagreed so much with the speaker, but it was nice to have the back and forth.
@dustinabc
@dustinabc 8 месяцев назад
No, no, AND NO! If you want science to be funded you're free to donate to scientific organizations. and to encourage others to do so as well. You are not free to force others to fund anything. The fact that some interesting and useful results have come from gov't funded sciences is irrelevant. It's like justifying slavery because of the benefits it provided to society. Anything the gov't does can be done better by few people behaving morally (without force & coercion). (I'm commenting before watching the video, I'm sure some of these points are addressed, but having looked at comments while we waiting for it to start i was disheartened by some of the immoral (violate the NAP) replies.
@unvaccinatedAndPureBlood
@unvaccinatedAndPureBlood 8 месяцев назад
Gov is a manager of funds not leaders that can do anything it wants without the permission of the fund givers.
@IllicitMediaproductions
@IllicitMediaproductions 8 месяцев назад
Should we fund the government ?
@exiteiscool
@exiteiscool 8 месяцев назад
The answer is no
@IllicitMediaproductions
@IllicitMediaproductions 8 месяцев назад
@@exiteiscool correct for the most part no. The answer is no.
@Jimi_Lee
@Jimi_Lee 8 месяцев назад
There have always been government funded universities, research projects, etc. Do you mean should the gov pay for the research and development of private companies that keep the financial proceeds for themselves?
@LarrySeltzer
@LarrySeltzer 8 месяцев назад
Subsidizing education isn't the same as directly subsidizing research projects with grants. Also, the No guy at the debate drew a distinction between "basic research" (which was the subject of the debate proposition) and "mission research" like man on the moon, a-bomb, etc. I was there last night and voted yes at the beginning, but I voted no at the end and no won by a lot.
@Jimi_Lee
@Jimi_Lee 8 месяцев назад
@@LarrySeltzer Right. The government, which is all of us, funds the research, and some individual, or individual corporation, gets the patents and the profits. I'd vote no too.
@neolithictransitrevolution427
@neolithictransitrevolution427 3 месяца назад
I don't understand the argument of "Universities stealing all the good scientists". It implies you have a limited number, but more funding to the sector should be raising wages and incentiving more people to enter into research.
@nathanschmidt7115
@nathanschmidt7115 8 месяцев назад
They should cut out the first 10 min
@stevealexander8010
@stevealexander8010 8 месяцев назад
I think there was a real case for gov.funding BASIC research back in the era when private entities were too small. That impediment is considerably reduced in the 21st century, but not always. Controlled fusion and particle accelerators are examples of big-physics projects that may still government incentives. The James Webb telescope would likely never be privately funded. I really think we need to study means of altering the earth's albedo to control GW, but that's part science and part engineering; not basic research; the issue is that there is no clear way to get remuneration.
@jmf5246
@jmf5246 8 месяцев назад
Fusion is a pipedream. I was a research scientist when i first got out of school 40 years ago at a university/govt funded laser lab focused on inertial fusion. 40 years later we are no closer to commercial fusion and that lab had blown through at least $500M in govt funds.
@freecat1278
@freecat1278 8 месяцев назад
#1 - Gulf War research has been limited to herbal supplements. #2 - The VA does not provide ANY of the supplements shown to be helpful & doesn't provide any dosage information on the VA website. #3 - Most VA doctors don't know about Gulf War illnesses, are unaware of VA research, have never heard of the Gulf War, & tend not to refer patients to the relevant clinics. #4 - The "gadgets" provided by the pain clinic are prescribed based on the relationship to the vendors rather than on any research. Most of the research is done by patients out of frustration & desperation. Where is the benefit of this research?
@neolithictransitrevolution427
@neolithictransitrevolution427 3 месяца назад
I think the France+Germany Britian+USA comparison is unfouned. France didn't have coal, and coal is what drove the industrial revolution. Germany did of course have coal, but looking at Germany in 1940 and saying it has a lower GDP capita seems to be missing certain events... And Germany was an incredible source of innovation.
@neolithictransitrevolution427
@neolithictransitrevolution427 3 месяца назад
My opinion is we should scrap R&D tax credits, and create industrial institutes that allow forms to join in return for providing 1% of thier revenue to the institution. The government would match funding, and any patents filed would be available to all members. The board of directors would be selected by the firms, and they would determine what is researched. But, forms could fund their own projects for which they would recieve a patent, but with clear, cost return based rules on other members using the patent. And the Government could make grants available to encourage the firms to choose to research specific fields or technologies. This would alongside a prize system.
@adlucem9845
@adlucem9845 8 месяцев назад
should government......NO
@exiteiscool
@exiteiscool 8 месяцев назад
Based
@LibertarianJRT
@LibertarianJRT 8 месяцев назад
Private gain, distributed (public) loss.
@iampdv
@iampdv 8 месяцев назад
In my research field, there doesn't seem to be much of privately funded research, and most of the time when private companies are acknowledged in papers, the presented work is applied. I bet those private companies cite that work as fundamental, but it isn't fundamental at all, but rather represents applications of fundamental concepts developed on public money to practical problems with no immediate practical outcomes. So how much in that 7% figure of privately funded research is made of this kind of work? The current structure of funding is problematic, but the shut down of governmental funding altogether isn't necessarily a solution, and I certainly agree with the point that the analysis based on the overall spendings from different sources and the economic growth does not capture many important details. While a specific fundamental study may not always lead to practical applications, it helps forming a world view, with which applied research can be conducted. Working with the private sector, especially in the present world where they are so heavily protected by lawyers and legislation, does not seem to incentivise such work now, and I don't know if it was better in the past. One more thing is whether or not the mentioned anticorrelation of government spendings on research and economic growth goes in hand with general centralisation of the government and reduced economic freedoms.
@abramgaller2037
@abramgaller2037 8 месяцев назад
Government influence in science.
@Avidcomp
@Avidcomp 8 месяцев назад
No.
@grandroofing1604
@grandroofing1604 8 месяцев назад
No
@alexanderx33
@alexanderx33 8 месяцев назад
The first speaker should not have used mRNA as a 'good' example. I regard it as a fundamentally dangerous technology. Similar in its risks to bioweapons but potentially even worse if it were used by the wrong people for the wrong reason.
@stevealexander8010
@stevealexander8010 8 месяцев назад
The "budget" of Amazon is $45Billion - LOL - you need to learn to read a financial statement. Their entire net income for the past 4 quarters is
@alexanderx33
@alexanderx33 8 месяцев назад
If I were a malicious actor, how could I leverage mRNA, with CRISPR-CAS9, Particularly with a johnson&johnson style carrier virus?
@tomasfontes3616
@tomasfontes3616 8 месяцев назад
Congrats to Reason for hosting debates about controversial topics for libertarians. I'm what can be called a 'state capacity classical liberal'. I believe in models like Estonia or Singapure, with low taxes and quite business friendly, but still where government invests quite a lot on R&D
@iampdv
@iampdv 8 месяцев назад
Both are rather authoritarian states with a strong hold of their peoples...
@tomasfontes3616
@tomasfontes3616 8 месяцев назад
@@iampdv Singapure kinda (they're a 'civic democracy' and they have a rather communitarian culture due to the region they are in), but Estonia? Authoritarian? Also, both of them have among the highest economic liberty in the planet (which for me is not the only important factor, but for many libertarians it is). Just to show that you can have pretty good business environment and low taxes and still have your government 'doing stuff'
@iampdv
@iampdv 8 месяцев назад
@@tomasfontes3616Yes. Check how it is to be ethnically Russian or a Russian native speaker in Estonia, for example (or any other Baltic state for that matter). An there were some native Russian speakers with Baltic surnames there before Soviet times.
@tomasfontes3616
@tomasfontes3616 8 месяцев назад
​@@iampdv what I've read is that they should learn the national language to qualify for remaining in the country and get Estonian nationality? How is that not normal? This is what I've read, there might be discrimination which I don't know about
@iampdv
@iampdv 8 месяцев назад
​@@tomasfontes3616I was referring to those who already are and have always been citizens of the Baltic countries, especially of Estonia and Latvia. A few years ago it became forbidden for them to speak Russian in pharmacies of Latvia, for example (that is it became forbidden for pharmacies to take orders in Russian). Another specific example from Latvia is that Russian names are forcibly modified to be consistent with Latvian language. I am less familiar with Estonia because I don't have friends from there, but the situation is similar from what comes up in the news every now and then.
@erbol0011
@erbol0011 8 месяцев назад
Some research can only be done under government funding but problem is not this after institute creates something new corporations like sharks buy cheaply this technology or product to sell 10x for profit. Without taking risks or initial investments. So funded by people for corporate profit and high prices
@DAWN001
@DAWN001 8 месяцев назад
3:44
@Robot-Overlord
@Robot-Overlord 8 месяцев назад
Reason really put here asking the hard hitting questions even the controlled opposition doesnt have the nerve to ask. Should children work full time, should government fund science, are parking laws out of control?
@gregorygan2077
@gregorygan2077 8 месяцев назад
You misspelled propaganda
@exiteiscool
@exiteiscool 8 месяцев назад
Question what exactly do you mean here? Do you mean that you think science is propaganda? Or that specifically government science is? Or that this video is propaganda?
@gregorygan2077
@gregorygan2077 8 месяцев назад
@@exiteiscool Democrat alert
@exiteiscool
@exiteiscool 8 месяцев назад
I’m a libertarian lol I just didn’t understand your comment @@gregorygan2077
@exiteiscool
@exiteiscool 8 месяцев назад
I’m not a dem i just don’t understand your comment and want clarification I’m a libertarian lol
@gregorygan2077
@gregorygan2077 8 месяцев назад
@@exiteiscool Well, I find it perplexing that in this economy you didn't notice yet science tends to agree with whoever funds it
@_steffix_2156
@_steffix_2156 8 месяцев назад
1 day ago
@io3213
@io3213 8 месяцев назад
30:52 Entrepreneurial knowledge is tacit. Scientific knowledge is explicit.
@jewelzs1095
@jewelzs1095 8 месяцев назад
there is 50 codes money gets put into and isn't it the world bank??
@DonalBallard
@DonalBallard 8 месяцев назад
Of course government should fund science, but it should be voted on by the people what they find science for. It's undeniably true that the military and the government come up with majority of the new innovations that make it for the entrepreneurs of our society to then utilize and make affordable and achievable for the common man.
@bigz5262
@bigz5262 8 месяцев назад
If they can fund their research voluntarily then go for it
@Nemerson74
@Nemerson74 8 месяцев назад
Chinese bot?
@kpb1337
@kpb1337 8 месяцев назад
That is governments role. So many great discoveries came from social funding...we just need to keep the capitalists and monopolies in check
@dustinabc
@dustinabc 8 месяцев назад
Have you ever read the declaration of Independence? Clearly you don't understand it if you have. Gov't has one fundamental purpose- to protect inalienable rights.
@adlucem9845
@adlucem9845 8 месяцев назад
in no way, shape, or form is that "governments roles" at all. in no universe is it the role of the government.
@gravitaslost
@gravitaslost 8 месяцев назад
Yes.
@tallard666
@tallard666 8 месяцев назад
Is Gene related to Jeffrey?
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