"Sludge": How bureaucracies abuse your time | Cass Sunstein for Big Think

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"Sludge": How bureaucracies abuse your time, with Cass Sunstein
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"Sludge" constitutes the obstacles, such as bureaucratic paperwork, that society puts in place to prevent a person from accomplishing something they want to do.
Sludge can be good when it ensures that people do not behave recklessly or impulsively. But oftentimes, sludge is nothing more than an obstacle to freedom.
Sludge can be found everywhere, from the criminal justice system to acquiring a mortgage. Much of this sludge needs to be eliminated.
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About Cass Sunstein:
Cass R. Sunstein is currently the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard. He is the founder and director of the Program on Behavioral Economics and Public Policy at Harvard Law School. In 2018, he received the Holberg Prize from the government of Norway, sometimes described as the equivalent of the Nobel Prize for law and the humanities. In 2020, the World Health Organization appointed him as Chair of its technical advisory group on Behavioural Insights and Sciences for Health. From 2009 to 2012, he was Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, and after that, he served on the President's Review Board on Intelligence and Communications Technologies and on the Pentagon's Defense Innovation Board. Mr. Sunstein has testified before congressional committees on many subjects, and he has advised officials at the United Nations, the European Commission, the World Bank, and many nations on issues of law and public policy. He serves as an adviser to the Behavioural Insights Team in the United Kingdom.
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Read more of our stories on sludge and fostering efficiency:
Sludge: Americans spend 11.4 billion hours filling out federal paperwork
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Need to take your time back? Try these four open-thinking strategies.
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3 Smart Business Goals You Need to Set to Help Boost Efficiency
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8 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 166

@bigthink 2 года назад

What bureaucracies do you think have the worst Sludge?

@BruceWaynesaysLandBack 2 года назад

Companies are so black-box they can get away with any amount of sludge. This even allows for Bull***t Jobs, jobs based on made-up ‘sludge’ as you call it- as Graeber has covered on your channel I believe

@timarlow8007 2 года назад

The government. I'm a surgeon at the VA - more sludge than Healthcare

@Tony__Tone 2 года назад

All government agencies

@ichrisone 2 года назад

Australia

@kaykenisehenry9708 2 года назад

In the island of Jamaica, you need a whole day to take care of personal business, such as trying to update your address at the bank. People wait HOURS just to get inside the bank. Sludge.

@brandonmint00721 2 года назад

"its time to recognize a right not to be manipulated" I love the idea and drool at the prospect of its implementation

@T_210 2 года назад

Virtually all business has shifted some work to the customer/consumer under the guise of convenience. In reality, its cost shifting. Self checkout at the grocery, same on online shopping (finding, adding to cart, concluding transaction), endless call menu trees to tell a vendor of an issue all shift the work to the buyer/lowering payroll- without compensation or discounted pricing to the consumer. Nice gig for the companies.

@jclaytoncabral5106 2 года назад

I got sober 13 years ago at age 39. I spent the first 3 years of sobriety systematically eliminating all the things that got in my way including people. One of the best moves I've made.

@jacobhuff3748 2 года назад

Have to agree. A well functioning bureaucracy is needed but the moment when it becomes more of a burden to those it serves and those who operate it, is the moment that Innovation is lost and cost pile up.

@clairekorte6048 2 года назад

Incredibly pertinent and such a huge cause of misery. People become such mindless robots ticking these boxes. Thanks for raising this issue!

@gamezswinger 2 года назад

And it should be noted, people with disabilities have more difficulty with "sludge." Autism, ADHD, poor short term memory, etc. Hence why we want consistency in interface design. Economy in interface design. With regard to design: There is dignity in economy. There is indignity in overspending. :)

@Krasbin 2 года назад

I like the term sludge. Even though it is essentially the same as bureaucracy, sludge is a better word in that it is simpler and offers a (not so) nice clear picture.

@YourMajesty143 2 года назад

Idk why this lawyer is trying to reinvent words like Sludge, these are just called frictions in Service Design aka UX Design/CX Design. And there's no such thing as a "Sludge Audit", it's literally called a "UX Audit", we do this all the time in our field. "Dark Patterns" is a real term, but not one that he invented and our job as UX Designers is to help companies improve service by removing those kinds of manipulative tactics that impact brand equity, integrity, and long-term value.

@amygarner1812 2 года назад

This is brilliant!!! I've been dealing with Brexit sludge, healthcare sludge, telecommunications sludge, renovation sludge + legal sludge for 1-2 years. Thanks for writing this.

@Danielle-mu2rc 2 года назад

I am going into data science and this is a great field for ridding systems of sludge. I would like to work in this area and I'm passionate about it because I think too much sludge can make people depressed.

@sirjazzfeet5564 2 года назад

The most sludge I've ever encountered was attempting to unsubscribe from The Wall Street Journal. I think this is symptomatic of neoliberal bureaucracy and the sludginess of Wall Street itself. Take all, give nothing back.

@ChrisPyle 2 года назад

Did you lose someone you loved?

@sirjazzfeet5564 2 года назад

@@ChrisPyle nope, from a family of immortals.

@ChrisPyle 2 года назад

@@sirjazzfeet5564 I’m sorry, I thought I was responding to a different comment. That said, I love your answer considering my comment makes absolutely no sense in this context lol

@sirjazzfeet5564 2 года назад

@@ChrisPyle well, it was about time someone stood up for Wall Street, lol

@ChrisPyle 2 года назад

@@sirjazzfeet5564 Crypto has been good to me, does that count? Lol

@Bruhaha9 2 года назад

Thank you for voicing this. When something like this is systematically deployed, and no one hears another person describe it, it can be unsettling. It feels like most institutions are antagonistic and you question the health of your society overall. Can / should regulation be used against as sludge?

@sadafjafri7137 2 года назад

Commuting to work is the biggest sludge

@clared5812 2 года назад

Depends, I used to love my 1.5h commute. It was a perfect quiet time away from family and friends for me to drink my coffee, watch the sun rise/set, and get ready for or reflect on the day. I took the train and I was very fond of those mornings spent staring out the window watching the sun rise or set, reading a good book I otherwise wouldn’t have time for, or playing animal crossing on my DS. I definitely understand why some people see the work commute as a sludge, but for me it was the ultimate escape.

@gailcbull 2 года назад

Perhaps it's because it's tax-time, but the "sludge" that immediately leapt to mind was filing taxes. I once heard that government already has your necessary documents and that they check your figures when you submit your taxes, but they still make you chase around collecting all your necessary documents and calculate your taxes (even though they are going to redo your figures anyway). They do this to help accounting firms make money because most people will pay an accounting firm to do the figures rather than sit down and do their own taxes. Classic "sludge for profit" model.

@MariaMartinez-researcher 2 года назад

I presume that's an American thing. In Chile, a regular person like me has to file monthly one's revenue if one is self- employed, otherwise it's made automatically. Each year one finds the taxes forms automatically filled in the Taxes Service's website, and only needs to correct it if it is incorrect, which rarely happens (when I found mistakes, I found out I was wrong). Of course, people with large income, owners of enterprises and companies have more things to do, but most of the work is already done with the monthly forms. I know no person needing to get an accountant for that process. 😐

@joseespino4121 2 года назад

The only reason this happens is because Intuit (company behind TurboTax) lobbied to prevent the government from doing it.

@Justin-hn9uv 2 года назад

This is true. There have been attempts to simplify the process but lobbyists for accounting firms and tax accountants work to keep it complicated. If your business depends of unnecessarily complicating other peoples' lives in order to force them to use you, you don't have a business you have a racket

@thewingedpotato6463 2 года назад

They steal your money, then steal your time to make sure they stole enough money.

@rodschmidt8952 2 года назад

In Japan, most people do not file tax returns because they're employees and it's all reported and calculated for them

@davedubuk Год назад

I find myself in absolute agreement with this. Time is the most precious thing any of us have. We have so many laws protecting our financial wealth, yet none protecting our most valuable asset. When it comes to institutions providing essential goods or services, the willful imposition of uncessary sludge (or the failure to remove unecessary sludge) should be a criminal offence. Moreover, the right to not have our precious time wasted ought be enshrined in basic human rights.

@Slunkey 2 года назад

Drinking game: Take a shot every time he says “sludge”

@chaugulepankaj Год назад

It's a good idea to do Sludge Audit in our businesses to make it more efficient and easy for the customer to use our products or services.

@lessonsin30s 2 года назад

You are not reading this by accident. If you're reading this, EVERYTHING'S GOING TO BE ALRIGHT. Good energy is being sent to you from all over the universe. Be thankful and pay it forward.

@Numantino312 2 года назад

this above comment is exhibit A as to sludge. empty crap that has zero context versus the video its being posted onto.

@samrat447 2 года назад

Long back I realized that no home security system is impregnable. The purpose of home security systems is to add a lot of sludge for anyone trying to break in. In simple words the more locks the better. It becomes too time consuming and too much work for a burglar to break in and so they either give up or never even try.

@TheBachelor916 2 года назад

That is sludge used correctly. Essentially effortless for you to gain entry but overly complicated for anyone else.

@elizabethingram9784 2 года назад

Very interesting and worthwhile idea

@erikavitela1719 2 года назад

Even at school, we make kids sit for 6-8 hours for lessons that could take 2, just to keep them busy and the teacher in control. No respect for childhood dignity.

@Numantino312 2 года назад

classroom discipline is a major part of that. 2 or 3 kids in a standard classroom of 20-25 typically take up most of teacher's time. if not for discipline, then for the fact that they don't understand the material (other sludge: dumbed down curriculum) and yes, it's purposely built to rob children of their childhood, and to cement that matrix-control.

@importantname 2 года назад

I want more!

@PhantomRaspberryBlower Год назад

In order to take a sludge audit at the hospital i work at.... I would have to do an options appraisal, get signed off through 3 layers of management create a presentation to take to the board. Then once approved, do a business case, (Average time 18 months to 2 years) once approved, I would then have to go to HR get job plans agreed, request funding (The business case is only the right to ask for funds), conduct a risk assessment, establish KPIS and benchmark, develop an evaluation process, consult staff, do an equality impact assessment. Establish a stearing group. Finally i might be able to start the work. Of course any report would have to be signed off by several layers of management (and exude any criticism or 'negativity') before final approval. I'm not sure it would fix the problem.

@MaaveMaave 2 года назад

Time is money. If you complicate a government system to frustrate people away then you're wasting both sides time/money without any benefit. Simpler rules benefit everyone and reduce bloat. Everyone would rather receive a swift "yes" or "no" than spend days of back-and-forth to prove worthiness for program XYZ

@conversationcorner1837 2 года назад

Time is much more than money. Everyone's time is up some day no matter how much $$ they have in the bank.

@mdfeatherwx 2 года назад

As computer science perspective, we call it 'Overhead'

@Titan360 2 года назад

I hate navbars. Once upon a time, the internet was an ergonomic place where navigation menus (and ADS) stayed put at the top or bottom of the webpage, to be scrolled past and ignored at the leisure of the user, and accessing the navigation tools was as simple as scrolling up (which was easy to do because a webpage doesn't just keep loading more tweets as you scroll down), or pressing the "Home" key on the keyboard. Now, every single website has the site navigation STALK YOU LIKE A PREDATOR AS YOU SCROLL DOWN, and oh god, some of these ugly things have a terrible resolution that takes up half the screen, WHY DOES IT TAKE UP HALF THE SCREEN!? But.....the people, instead of rioting the street and proclaiming a tax strike on the spot until congress legislates the death penalty for anyone ever using these annoyances on their webpages again- NAY!, they chose to just bent over and assumed the position while whatever corporate cabal that declared navbars "fashionable" and "the way of the future" had their way with them. Because it would be troublesome to articulate the case in such a way to rally people to urgent action. Now, I can't even use UBlock to erase the navbar because there is no navigation on the "normal layer" of ANY webpage anymore. We are clearly living in the worst timeline.

@PaperRaines 2 года назад

Bobby Kennedy recognized sludge and it's intentional strategic use on vulnerable working people. He called it the Poverty of Time, and the Poverty of Satisfaction. When you promise solutions to a problem that takes ten years to implement, which by the time that problem is redressed the aggrieved party gained several new problems, stuck in a perpetual cycle of adversity and anxiety A state that conveniently makes them less likely to be upset at corruption or incompetence in corporations or governments. It's gross and it is absolutely still an issue in America more than fifty years after RFK's death

@nicholascurran1734 2 года назад

Rights for the people! Let's go!

@ichrisone 2 года назад

Does this feature in the Universal Drclaration of Human Rights? In my country (Australia), bureaucracy is killing our mental well being and productivity. Even something as simple as an annual tax return comes with excessive sludge, it’s becoming harder and harder to DIY. Job applications with the government can take 6 months!

@obi-wankenobi8462 2 года назад

California unemployment owes me $27000 for over a year now. About a million people are in the same boat, adrift on an ocean of sludge with no end in site. Currently, I’m waiting for a letter telling me when they’re going to call me and ask me questions…it’s a violation of due process, and with qualified immunity there’s no recourse for constitutional violations. That’s some really nuclear waste level sludge!

@tapeshkushmi 2 года назад

This hits hard in in reference to our country Nepal, whole country is drowned in Sludge.

@samrat447 2 года назад

Guess which country I am from and don't even get me started on sludge.

@bipinbhurtel3024 23 дня назад

May be we should introduce strong Nudge.

@victorvispetto2367 2 года назад

How about having to take a driving test after 40 years of driving when switching states? How about having a gym subscription prior to COVID and being charged when the gyms shut down? How about knowing you have sleep apnea and being tested and not prescribed a sleep apnea machine?

@Bat_Boy 2 года назад

1000% times THIS!!! So much time ($) is wasted.

@imbok 2 года назад

SO MUCH THIS.

@romanchachi 2 года назад

excelent

@ArcySparkyy 2 года назад

Taxes the biggest sludge

@MaaveMaave 2 года назад

Huge sludge, I hate it. Taxes could be a free prefilled computer form for most people. Unfortunately the tax industry has captured the IRS and prevented the government from making their own "free file" system. Many people benefit from complex taxes.

@amanpotdar 2 года назад

They think I'm waiting in the sludge, fearful of me, waiting to strike, but they don't know that... *I AM the Sludge*

@inifintehigh66 2 года назад

Big think❤

@hanawana 2 года назад

where does the footage come from?

@afihaileywibowo1095 2 года назад

Doesn't sludge come with power? If whatever it is too concentrated, then comes the possibility to sludge

@BlurryBigfoot 2 года назад

Deepak Chopra links in the description on a channel called "Big Think"....

@markgreen6519 2 года назад

The sludge is strong with this one

@JayLennox23 2 года назад

Boss you’re a lawyer…kings of sludge.

@heman248 2 года назад

One way to not overspend is by not having ny money, One way to make your life happier is by not using a smartphone and social media. I know this because I'm poor, cannot buy a phone and I'm so happy.

@markgreen6519 2 года назад

Said the man commenting on RU-vid 🤣 🤣 🤣 what a star 🌟

@stevenscott2136 2 года назад

But you have the power of Greyskull -- that makes a big difference.

@AnaBSilvq 2 года назад

I remember about the film: I, Daniel Blake and ALL bureaucracy disfuncions.

@TheBachelor916 2 года назад

Never seen it but it looks interesting, thanks for the recommendation. 👍

@adisage 2 года назад

Never imagined the word 'Sludge' could be used so many times in a single video...

@royghattas 2 года назад

I’m in sludge with my full capabilities its been years :)

@TheBachelor916 2 года назад

What other terms have you heard people use when talking about what he refers to as Sludge?

@hounamao7140 2 года назад

So its basically what people call friction

@Selfmadehuman50 2 года назад

Yeah👋

@Sunmoonandstars123 2 года назад

The social benefits sludge is not a little bit of sludge. It’s enough to drown one’s little remaining dignity. You’re already asking for help to sustain your life. That was spoken like an entitled, wealthy person who believes people without access to wealth or homeownership are somehow deserving of being mistreated to prove they’ve “earned it.”

@SameAsAnyOtherStranger 2 года назад

Filing taxes = sludge.

@cbrindle91 2 года назад

Its hilarious. States run by the GOP, the party of "small government," are so full of this "sludge" it is ridiculous. When you have to go to 5 separate buildings to register an automobile or get a driver's licence, that is sludge...

@schechter01 2 года назад

These problems aren't restricted to red states, man. They're _everywhere_ in the US.

@5hydroxyT 2 года назад

i often don’t know whether i want smash the system or be grateful for it

@JunaidRiazAlHassan 2 года назад

My shower doesn't make fun of my body My pillow hold my tears My mirror never laughs when I'm crying My mind keeps secrets My bed holds me scared to die, but tired of breathing Honestly at this point I listen to things like this while laying in bed and thinking about things like the fact that all the people who claim to be my friends are never there for me and how my own family doesn’t seem to care about me and how I can’t even find love no matter what I do and I can’t even cry when I listen to this it’s like if I’m just an empty shell with nothing left inside “Life isn’t fun without a struggle in it, but some struggles lead to tragic endings.” Whats funny is that I act all happy around my friends and at night I just break down.. I miss the old days, I didn't fake smiles.. How come parent knows when their kid is lying but not know about their own child’s anxiety and depression “Dont cry because they are gone, smile because they were here.” It's funny how strangers online that we meet understands us than our parents... "It takes one minute to have a crush on someone, one hour to like someone and it takes a day to love someone but....it takes a lifetime to forget someone..." "The saddest things is when the person who gives you the best memories becomes a memory" "Don't cry because it end, Smile because it happens" "Lonely is not being alone, its the feeling that no one cares" "The people with the biggest smiles are hiding the most pain behind them" "You don't want to end your life. You just want to get rid of the pain inside you." "Why are you always so quiet?" "Because no one is ever listening to me anyway." When someone who makes you feel better good and happy passes away far from you and all you have good memories that the only thing you have "You're fading away, and it's all their fault." "There are moment when I wish I could roll back the clock and take away all the sadness away ,But I have the feeling that if I did , The joy would be gone as well " . "Now I don't cry out loud , I just suffer in silence . " You had only seen my smile , you never know how much pain I'm carrying inside the smile :) "When you love them you need to let them GO" Smile is a mask Laugh is a cover Sleep is an escape Life is hell😎💖💖💖

@ChrisPyle 2 года назад

Why are you so sad?

@JunaidRiazAlHassan 2 года назад

@@ChrisPyle Please do keep me in your prayer Beats ❤️👍 brother

@ChrisPyle 2 года назад

@@JunaidRiazAlHassan It’s always darkest just before daylight. Sometimes things feel hopeless and it’s easy to forget all the reasons we have to be alive. You could meet someone at the gas station, the grocery store or any number of places, that could change your life for the better in ways you can’t even imagine. Things never happen fast enough when we are sad or alone. Don’t give up.

@JunaidRiazAlHassan 2 года назад

@@ChrisPyle Thanks for your precious wordings. May the Good Lord 🙏 fill your life with happiness and keep you away from Toxic people. Amen.

@thedognoseknows4451 2 года назад

Thats alot of sludge you put out there to tell us life is hell.

@TSC-Detroit 2 года назад

DRAIN THE SLUDGE

@jonathanm9436 2 года назад

This is interesting, but I'd like to think that his approval of some sludge - 'OK sludge' is inconsistent with his definition of sludge. Sludge is never desirable, and assessment of entitlement to social security for example can still be rigorous without sludge.

@jonathanm9436 2 года назад

@@jeromeflocard3138 Interesting. It makes me think that navigating the sludge is, in fact, a criteria itself where those who most need the support will persist through the sludge. And it may be more effective at managing the nuance of defining need than tightening the criteria in regulations. But that in itself is a poor way to treat those most in need. I think that regulators are lazy and unimaginative if using sludge as a filter is their preferred strategy. Of course, I support France's generosity in social welfare, although I really know nothing more about it. 😁😁

@jonathanm9436 2 года назад

@@jeromeflocard3138 Interesting, and I absolutely agree with you. Regrettably, education is no longer free in Australia - hasn't been for decades. It is very disappointing. However, much of our medical is commonly paid for, and totally free if it is unavoidable like emergencies or births, and so on. 😁😁

@juliannesdelmar3190 2 года назад

School was trudging through sludge

@trevorbailey1486 2 года назад

Back in the days when people still read books, even a modestly literate person would be acquainted with the telling parody of bureaucracy called the Circumlocution Office in 'Little Dorrit' by Charles Dickens (1857). 'Sludge'? Plus ca change...

@shane_rm1025 2 года назад

Pigouvian tax on inefficiency

@wardabelkass1702 2 года назад

The American immigration process: major Sludge!

@rodschmidt8952 2 года назад

He didn't mention that sometimes we benefit from sludge imposed on OTHER people

@saitan6055 2 года назад

Does this is necessary 🤔

@Stretesky 2 года назад

Sludge is the creation of oppressors.

@williamashbee 2 года назад

Academia sludge can be pretty horrible.

@ErikBlair 2 года назад

Sludge is a feature, not a bug.

@林思遠-w9q 2 года назад

For emails just mark them as Junk... 2 clicks.

@sagittariusa4855 2 года назад

Bureaucracy is kinda control as well.

@ayushkharwar5970 2 года назад

In India we live in sludge 😀😀😀

@mandakhg6568 2 года назад

Which country do you think have the most red tape?

@krthkh 2 года назад

Doom is better than Sludge

@ThePopUpH8r 2 года назад

I knew sludge was bad. I went to Princeton

@ravirajyaguru5905 2 года назад

Germany has left the chat, and switched off the mobile phone.

@rajdivecha 2 года назад

Everyone knows this problem exists but writing a book on this subject is not going to help!

@MartinLichtblau 2 года назад

WTF? His first example: it should be easier to get a loan. So it is easier for loan sharks to lure you into debt traps?

@thishanamanchanayake3427 2 года назад

If only they had sludge when you go to buy a gun in America eh..

@petersanmiguel1164 2 года назад

Hey Cass, if there is a devil, you should know that hell is real. You should know there is a devil because you work for him.

@stevenscott2136 2 года назад

Cass Sunstein, a man well-known as an advocate of big-government meddling and expansion of bureaucracies, is lecturing us on "red-tape is bad"???

@saitan6055 2 года назад

Yeah it is i liked & comment on this video thinking nobody has like it does it is sludge 🤣

@50CeNTTTTT 2 года назад

I love it when I get a notification saying "Someone has liked your comment!" or "Someone just subscribed!!"🗨 It really makes my day!!!!!!!🎭🎯

@importantname 2 года назад

If you have ever dealt with anyone in the legal proffession - they own the Sludge factories, every lawyer earns more the longer and deeper the sludge is. Strange this man is telling us about everybody else producing sludge.

@annnee6818 2 года назад

Srsly I HATE this shit. Sometimes I just plain refuse to react. You get so many stupid letters, like your bank asking "Do you still have the same name and do you still live where you live" Or your insurance company sending you a questionnaire to your GP practice asking how many tractors or farm animals you've bought last year. Why. Leave me TF alone with this shit

@dimbulb23 2 года назад

This video was 6:40 minutes long, absent the sluggish it could have been done in 4 minutes tops. Or in my case, I just killed it at 1:14

@joleaneshmoleane8358 2 года назад

We need more sludge at the border, and less sludge for the immigrants who want to come the right way, the lawful way.

@sirjazzfeet5564 2 года назад

Is this based from experience, or some manipulative meme - social media sludge.

@jackbrady9738 2 года назад

@@sirjazzfeet5564 based on common fuckn sense. A country isn't a country without borders. That's just facts

@sirjazzfeet5564 2 года назад

@@jackbrady9738 true, but let's not abstract from the physical land and it's people to such an extent that it's artificial borders requires constant indoctrination, a national security state, and being aggressive and extroverted towards outsiders.

@jackbrady9738 2 года назад

@@sirjazzfeet5564 asking for less sludge for lawful people is not being aggressive or xenophobic, it's being practical

@DjokovicIsOurLordAndSaviour 2 года назад

@@jackbrady9738 Most of Europe doesn't have border control and it's one of the best things about living here.

@Donks-R-us 2 года назад

It only looks like "sludge" because of the evolution of computers, internet, and cyberspace. It's made everything so fast that normal work (data entry) seems like such a burden. I like this idea, but most sludge is necessary and important for the long haul.

@hanawana 2 года назад

where does the footage come from?