Roman Catholicism back thn was pretty gross, Kings and Queens were considered heads of the Church and would not allow peasants to read or pray, prayer had to be done through nobility and the word of the nobility was considered the word of God. Durring the Protestant movement a Pastor went up the Queen and said, "Jesus is the head of the Church and not you." Queen: Shame.
@@SoullessAIMusic Something interesting: the Protestant Reformation was happening right at the same time that the Spanish Conquest of the Americas was happening. In fact, Martin Luther nailed the Ninety-five Thesis on the church door in 1517, five years before the Aztecs fell.
@Orthodox Enjoyer because I talked crap about how "English." Kings and Queens weaponized a religion, in fact MY RELIGION against people? I say it because I care about it and this Latin doesnt want to see it happen again. Of course I dont expect anyone who would just drop such a heinous and down right uncalled for accusation on someone based off a single comment you clearly did not understand. Something was spotted and it was stupidity.
The Inca allegedly said about the reading of books by Europeans that the Spanish "talked to white cloths" XD, Kings and Generals forgot to mention that.
It was a pleasure to create this video for you guys. If you have any questions about the video or want to make fun of Valverde's silly hat please feel free :D
- Cogito - actually I want to smack Valverde and yell at him for being a disgrace to Catholicism but given he’s dead. “Your hats super silly Valverde!” Oh and thanks for making this video cogito!
I really appreciate the focus and care you guys have placed on pre-Columbian civilizations. They are too often ignored in popular history courses, and it's just fantastic to see this channel collaboration draw attention to them.
Hi, Thank you very much for making all these amazing videos about the Incan Empire. As a Peruvian now living in Canada, this helps a lot to comprehend many different versions of this history I have heard over the years. You do an amazing job at creating vivid recreation of tales and facts while making your videos very interactive and dynamic. You have definetely captivated a Peruvian-Canadian heart on this channel. Again, thank you and I am hoping to see the next video soon! -Gabriel Del Cid Castro
My friend. I respect history but parts of this video are not true. Like for example the convo between the Monk and Atahualpa. It was nothing like in the video.
Hi, a few notes: • Huayna Capac already knew of the presence of strange looking man on the shores of his empire, and Atahualpa knew as well. In 1532 he let them in the empire by their request, thats why they could get to Cajamarca with no resistance. Atahualpa wanted to meet them so to benefit of the new technology he knew they had. • The plaza at Cajamarca was not squared, it was triangular. And Atahualpa entered it with dancers and artists only. • Father Valverde had a breviary not a blible. Greetings.
6:37 what he actually said according to Francisco de Xerez "I am a priest of God, I teach the Christians the ways of the lord and I have come to teach you as well. What I teach is God's word and is written in this book. In the name of God and in the name of the Christians I ask you, to be their friend, because that is what God wants and you it will be better for you. So go and speak to the Governor (Francisco Pizarro), who expects you." Atahualpa demanded the book be given to him so that he could look it. He didn't succeed in opening it and so the monk stretched out his arm to be helpful, but Atahualpa hit him on his arm. Eventually as he opened it he didn't seem impressed by the paper or letters he saw and threw it 5 or 6 feet ahead of him. He then told the monk through the translator "I know very well what you Christians are doing, how you treat my caciques and how you have plundered their apartments." The monk answered "The Christians haven't done this, and some Indians that were looting without the knowledge of the Governor (Francisco P.), were send back. Atahualpa answered "Alright, I will not leave from this spot until they have brought me back the rest." He then ordered his men to get ready. The monk went back to Pizarro and told him what had happened. Pizarro then put on his steel plate and charged Atahualpa with his sword and shield. Reaching Atahualpa he took him by his hand and shouted "Santiago", that's when the Spanish started firing. I translated this myself - if you want a better translation read the book by Francisco de Xerez
Really loved the fact that you guys discussed native American civilisations. Would absolutely love to know more about these civilisations, especially in the precolumbian times!
There are some sources in the description. But my favourite in terms of style and pure entertainment was The Last Days of the Inca. There is also 1491 by Charles C Mann and his other book 1493 which are just excellent books on all the Pre-Columbian Americas
Jorge Prieto how do you get it into English? When I open it is just the original document with no translation and I don’t speak Nahuatl or Old Spanish. 🙁
What I don't understand is why would anyone in their right mind try to conquere an intiere empire with only 168 men in the first place? I mean sure they succeeded, because the spanish army was more advanced and they had diseases and native alies, but still.
Because they saw that the Aztec Empire was brought down by only hundreds of men and thought that the Incan Empire could be brought down in this way as well.
Asmoh أسموح Well after their victory they brought more soldiers and settlers. However I doubt that they lied about their numbers durring the initial conquest.
Nobblk Praetorian Cortes did not bring down the Aztec Empire with a few hundred men. He raised an army of 80,000 which included many native tribes like the Tlaxcalans. Perhaps he spun it another way, I don’t know.
i live in Bolivia, once part of the Kollasuyo with lots of cultural heritage of the Incas and the peoples who preceded them. you would think we all know every detail of the Inca fall, but hell no! i've never heard this part of "our" history, and to do so with such detail and historical accuracy made me very happy. Thanks Kings and Generals and Cogito for making up for 12 years of deficient history education. the part of the spaniard's attack gave me goosebumps!!.
That's great to hear. I've been to Bolivia, it's a lovely country with lots of amazing Inca history to visit. I am happy that we managed to help you discover that history :D
Creo que eso pasa en muchos países que fueron colonizados! Yo soy de México y tampoco sabía mucho de la conquista o de la época precolombina, o sea en la escuela nos enseñaron muy poco y cosas básicas, he aprendido más en youtube!
No creas todo lo que te cuenten y mucho menos si te lo cuenta un sajón o descendiente de ellos. Simplemente porque nuestra cultura y la suya fueron enemigos irreconciliables, su concepto de la historia está distorsionado en origen. Además debes situar cada cosa en su tiempo. Si la mayoría de indígenas cercanos tanto a los aztecas como a los incas escogieron a los españoles como aliados debió ser por algo muy importante. Piensa un poco: ¿Por qué ibas a preferir a unos extranjeros antes que apoyar a tus semejantes?. La respuesta parece evidente: tus semejantes, en este caso los aztecas y los incas, debían ser bastante peores que cualquier otra cosa. No tiene muchas vueltas el asunto. Saludos desde España.
Isabella hated Columbus and did not support the atrocities that were going on in the new world. "So... You enslaved the heathens. Honestly that's kinda sketchy in it itself. The pope dissaproves, you know. Honestly why can't we just be nice like normal human beings. But I hear of mass murders. Rapes. But worst of all. Force conversion? Then having those christians as slaves? Truly abhorrent!" And I feel forcing the Incan emperor to convert, then killing him anyway, would truly leave Isabella rolling in her grave.
@Aleksa Petrovic Exactly! For me also. I first played Pirates of the Caribbean and then I played Morrowind. It's amazing series and nobody seems to want to create something similar
Now, let's hope that my wife won't see this comment, because I will get the traditional "why don't we go places" and we will become sworn enemies with you. :-)
You should totally go. We saved up points and flew to Lima business class. Cuzco is a culinary delight (my wife is a foodie). The sacred valley is beautiful and the Inca trail is just awesome - You pass these other cities along the way. You’re so into history - this would be the ideal trip. Just give yourself time to acclimate to the altitute.
Luis ...yeah man i feel u Spaniards literally destroyed an entire culture it's history it's religion out of existence...it's a shame south America lost its identity
Panama Maini ....it's one thing to get conquered and it's another to just get vanished out of existence......no civilization/great empire deserves such a fate
The Spanish priest might have got a little bit carried away don't you think? Then again, I don't think the Incans expected it. (yes I'm repeating the same joke from the earlier upload, deal with it)
Yulus Leonard I wouldn't exactly say everyone. For example the Polish delegation to the Council of Constance (1414-1418) was arguing that such aproch to "spreading Christianity" should be condemned as heretical, and that pagans have every right to defend themselves.
I've always loved the Inca empire and their technology. My family is Spanish. Although, my ancestors "that I know" never met the Incas. We ran into the Pueblo people. But the Inca's had amazing technology and warfare philosophy. When Cuzco was taken, the Inca's deployed 100,000-200,000 warriors and sieged the Spanish for 10 long months. Casualties are unknown, but I did hear that a Inca warrior managed to kill a high ranking Spanish soldier. I can't remember if he was the son of a captain, but apparently he took off his helmet (bad idea) and took a couple hits to the head with a sling. Impressive empire. Especially architecturally.
dude that has literally nothing to do with my point. Though if it makes u happy it makes me happy as well :) its funny how u just dont have arguments when it comes to defend islam so u have to bring a different point to the table. Enjoy your barbaric religion? law? society? herd? whateva ;)
Outstanding job on the video! This whole story really sounds more like science fiction, rather than history. This has all the tropes from your usual alien invasion films.
That time you go with your mates to some country and take their god king hostage and force their population to give up all their valuables. So relatable, happened to me and my mates on a trip to North Korea a while back
@@KingsandGenerals In addition it is good to mention that prior to the Battle of Mactan Islam came in 13th century and introduced to now called Filipinos by peaceful means and open arms accepted. The war started only when the Spaniards came in March 16, 1521 lead by Magellan and their guns and cannons countered only with bolos and spears made of bamboo stick. He himself was killed in this battle by Lapu-Lapu (Moro Chieftain).
It's like you guys read my mind, been looking for a documentary on this for months! Barely any videos on the subject since most of them dealing with the spanish conquests in america overtly focus on the aztecs
I found it interesting how, even though the empire was so close to Central America, the Incans had no idea about any plagues or disease they could contract from them. Since they did not know about the disease, most of the Incans became ill and even died. Even though they were such a prosperous empire, a simple disease which they had no idea about was one of the causes of a great loss of their people.
OMG! If only I could be so talented to teach history as you've done in all your videos! I always look forward to hearing (and seeing) your next videos. GOOD JOB!
How come nobody mentioned that the Spanish managed to HIDE their entire squad from the Incans in the football stadium? The Incans concept of scouting and security is so bad, that they have enough men to pack the stadium full, but sent no men to explore, scout and secure the perimeter. That seems like standard procedure for bodyguards of VIPs today.
That's bullshit, bows were frequently used in the eastern parts of the empire. It's even in a previous video of this series. Gunpowder is a bitch, though..
@Claystead Before the hand-to-hand combat would start, the Inca army would use ranged weapons (slingshots, arrows and short spears) in order to break the enemy's lines. The army would also feign a retreat and then when the enemy attacked the Incas would counter-attack using a pincer movement.[ Táctica y logística incas Archived 13 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_army
@Don’t educate me I know more than you Strange people we've never seen before who has monsters (horses) and high technology in their armies comes from far away to subjugate us? The only difference between this and aliens is that spaniards were earthlings too
Loving these Thursday lessons. Kings and Generals, you guys along with Devin of course, are putting out a good product packed with great info for a 13/15 minute long video! Please keep em coming!
Atahualpa marched to Cuzco with around 20.000 people, but the vast majority were not part of his army, they were mostly priests, musicians, dancers, etc. only a few were soldiers and most of the people died trying to get to the exits. Actually, it is known that Pizarro and Atahualpa had a close relation, Pizarro opposed to the execution of the emperor, they used to talk a lot while Atahualpa was held prisoner (he learned a bit of spanish) And also the emperor Married his sister with Pizarro.
the Inca empire was richer than the Aztecs, they knew all kinds of metal alloys, they handled advanced mathematics and their constructions are a marvel of modern engineering, besides they domesticated hundreds of plants like potatoes, which fed the whole world.
Can i suggest you, since you are in south america, to make a video about the *Paraguayan War*. It is the biggest conflict in Latin America history and it was fought by the *Brazilian Empire, Argentina and Uruguay against Paraguay*. Thank you, love your videos!
Kings and Generals please use Francisco Doratioto's book: "maldita guerra" for better details, he is the best there is in the subject. Thanks for responding.
It would be difficult for Charles to keep an eye and effort on the conquistadors because he had active and budget draining wars ongoing with European Powers. Keep in mind, despite the conquests, Spanish Crown bankrupted 9 times in the 16th century.
It’s nice to see some light shed upon the America’s. People always say there’s no culture over here, but where they are wrong is this place was thriving with cities and culture along with megalithic structures.
@@openalpha01 I mean I am a fan of the west and I really promote western culture however racism was institutionalized in the Americas with colonization, Inquisition (even if not as bad as painted by the black legend) killed people in the name of religion too, and canibalism was not a wide-spread practice, only a few non-civilized tribes practiced it
Just make sure never to tell my history teachers that I said this: I learned more form you guys than I ever did for them. If they find out I said that then all hell will break loose, and the nerf gun will be in use.
Very nice video, excellent job. Could you now do a video about the Arauco war and the Mapuches? The Mapuches were the only indigenous inhabitants of south America who defeated the spaniards, even killing Pedro de Valdivia, Pizarro's Lieutenant sent to conquer Chile
At the end both agree in this, mapuches recognize the spanish sovereignty but mapuches keep their autonomy. Mapuches in 1790 were already wearing the uniforms of the Spanish army that was a dark blue coat.
As we say in Spain: you cannot cook an omelette without craking some eggs. 13 Champions and vaste empires need to be conquered by a real men. Hala Madrid! :)
"Why did the Inca Empire fall?" Civil War and revolutions, smallpox decimating the population, and then conquistadors arriving. A perfect storm for a empire to fall. I wish the Andean peoples had a written language at that time because then we would know more about all of the different people groups and local kingdoms that exchanged power and conquered each other until the Incas took over for their brief reign.
You should talk about the Arauco War between the Spanish empire and the Mapuche confederation from 1536 until 1810 ending on a victory for the natives.
With my personal respect for the Mapuches who are still fighting today, I prefer that the subject of the legendary Shuar (Jíbaro) be addressed. In 1490 they rejected the Incas and in 1549 they failed the first Spanish incursions. In 1599 the Shuar led by Kirup permanently expelled the Spanish from their territory, who gave them the name of jíbaros. Unlike the Mapuches, the Shuar have never been defeated in history, nor have they fought for the Spanish in the Latin American wars of independence. The Shuar are the legendary Amazonians "reduce heads"
Wrong, it was a draw, the war ended in XVIIth century, and remember mapuche (reches) was a very numerous people, close to 1.000.000 and spaniards just few hundreds.
The mapuche, huiliches, teulches, incan descendents....... fought defending Spain, indians throughout the Continent supported Spain during the independence wars, and history proved they were right, look at what has happened to them once Spain left.
this video shows the generosity of europeans who infact were converted from their ancient roots to something which makes them convert everyone. They fought very bravely and surrounded whole army and performed backstabbing to a whole nation. Bravo
To be fair, most of the christian world was horrified by the actions of the conquistadors and the emperor only turned a blind eye to the rogues carving up their own empires in the new world because Spain was in times of extreme economic hardship. Hell they were even excommunicated by the church several times for their atrocious acts. Truth be told the reaction was a bit like the average person being confronted with a modern atrocity "That's awful, but I'm far away and am only one person so what am I going to do about it?".
👏 Brilliant, Wonderful presentation. I truly enjoyed every second of it. My relatives had always told us these history tales but seeing them with animation was a real treat. Thanks!!
it is a pity that in the movie no one mentioned that Christianity definitely ended such trifles as sacrificing people and pulling their beating heart from the chest, or cutting off the heads of prisoners and bowling them from the top of the pyramid to the bottom where they formed huge piles. No one said that many of the Incas were grateful for what happened and what the conquistadors did, because they no longer had to worry about being sacrificed to their cruel gods.
Good video, however, the part of the internal civil war in the Tahuantinsuyo would have been narrated a bit more including the pros and cons because that was an advantage to the conquistadors and bring us our students a lesson about the union without considering a personal point of view whether as a national relevance. Otherwise, I hope you could include something related to the cultural aspects during the viceroyalty which is another wonderful historical moment in Peru. Thanks a lot!!
No english speaker is ever interested in talking on depth about the actual governance of the viceroyalties. It's not possible to lie at such a large scale.
Thanks for showing a lot from my native culture (a peruvian here saying hi!) You should have mentioned that spanish received a lot of help from Huascar supporters and some people who thought the spanish were deities-like beings (at least at first)
Sigma Stuff Hernan Cortes arrived in mexico before pizzaro arrived in peru and he was also carrying diseases that the natives had no immunity to defend against. the plague started when cortez landed NOT when Pizarro landed. Cortez landed in central america in the year 1504 and his conquest to mexico started in the year 1519. pizzaros conquest of peru started in 1526...that is 22 years of plague spreading throughout the americas before pizarros incan conquest even started. another thing to remember is that this disease was ariborne which means it travels vast distances in a short amount of time, all you had to do was be face to face with someone who has it. the video said in the following years 90% of the empire would succumb to smallpox...he didn't say following decades or centuries. thats because It spread so fast that the sapa Inca (which basically mean supreme emperor) and his heir/son had already died due to the disease!! this is what started the civil war in the empire in the first place b4 pizzaro even came...they needed a new king if the leaders are dying en masse i think its safe to assume the disease already wrecked/weakened an empire greatly before pizzaro started his conquest....and even during his so called 'conquest' pizzaro was doing nothing more that supporting the rebels side in order to further weaken the empire.....it was a tragedy of immense proportions...a combination of horrible luck one after the other.
No many people know that the Smallpox was bringed to the continental Americas by the black slaves of a Spanish expedition to the Mayan coast circa 1520. At least, that's what Hernán Cortez said in his memoires.
Poor Atahualpa, but He who lives by the sword dies by the sword ( El que a hierro mata, a hierro muere) I know swords where unknown in the Tawantinsuyu
6:37 what he actually said according to Francisco de Xerez "I am a priest of God, I teach the Christians the ways of the lord and I have come to teach you as well. What I teach is God's word and is written in this book. In the name of God and in the name of the Christians I ask you, to be their friend, because that is what God wants and you it will be better for you. So go and speak to the Governor (Francisco Pizarro), who expects you." Atahualpa demanded the book be given to him so that he could look it. He didn't succeed in opening it and so the monk stretched out his arm to be helpful, but Atahualpa hit him on his arm. Eventually as he opened it he didn't seem impressed by the paper or letters he saw and threw it 5 or 6 feet ahead of him. He then told the monk through the translator "I know very well what you Christians are doing, how you treat my caciques and how you have plundered their apartments." The monk answered "The Christians haven't done this, and some Indians that were looting without the knowledge of the Governor (Francisco P.), were send back. Atahualpa answered "Alright, I will not leave from this spot until they have brought me back the rest." He then ordered his men to get ready. The monk went back to Pizarro and told him what had happened. Pizarro then put on his steel plate and charged Atahualpa with his sword and shield. Reaching Atahualpa he took him by his hand and shouted "Santiago", that's when the Spanish started firing. I translated this myself - if you want a better translation read the book by Francisco de Xerez
Pizarro's capture of Atahualpha will always be my choice for one of history's ballsiest moves. If the Incans had bothered to take them even mildly seriously it would have failed miserably, and yet they didn't and it gave Pizarro a (literal) golden opportunity that he pounced on.
@rachel It would've failed miserably because the Incans massively outnumbered Pizarro's men, and even their guns and horses couldn't overcome an army tens of thousands strong. They even admitted themselves that they were taking a massive risk that would lead to their deaths if it didn't pay off. Also, "marching in there with one plan and a suicide mission" was kinda the trademark of conquistadors. Why do you think Cortes destroyed his ships when he reached Mexico? His plan to sack the Aztecs was so dangerous and insane that it was the only way to ensure his men wouldn't chicken out.
I like this new series, for a time it looked like most of the history channels covered the same timeperiods. So, well done again Kings and Generals for delivering quality and original content! :D
so after Atahualpa fulfilled his side of the promise, giving all the gold in their nation to the spaniards. They didn't release him they just killed him.
To begin, was not all the gold of the empire. And second, to be fair, what would you have done? Atahualpa was the inca and the supreme ruler, leave him alive, and in no time he would have take back the gold and the spanish heads with it. Yes, pizarro didnt show honor, but the situation was dire.
Kinda Ironic when the Friar said " we shall do all evil things to you" etc to the Incan Emperor when they are suppossed to spread the message of catholic missionary
