There are important differences between mutex locks and semaphores. In fact, general semaphores are very different. Binary semaphores are a bit more similar to mutex's, but there are still significant differences. For example, a mutex is only unlocked by the thread that locks it, but a binary semaphore does not have this restriction.
I'm a little bit confused. Do you mean that conditional variable is a datastructure that enforces wait() and notify() or do you mean any variable that controls whenever these are executed? Like the "while(not ready): wait()" is the condition?
I know this is from 2016, but this seems like a combination of semaphores and the petersons algorithm. Maybe that's ignorance talking, but I just find it interesting.
