"Tess of the d'Urbervilles" is a novel written by Thomas Hardy, first published in 1891. Here's a brief overview:
*Plot Summary:*
- The novel follows the life of Tess Durbeyfield, a young woman from a poor rural family in England.
- Tess's life takes a dramatic turn when her father learns that their family is descended from the noble d'Urberville family. He sends Tess to claim kinship with the wealthy d'Urbervilles, hoping to improve their fortunes.
- Tess goes to work for the d'Urbervilles and meets Alec d'Urberville, a wealthy and manipulative young man who seduces her.
- After becoming pregnant, Tess returns home and gives birth to a son, who tragically dies in infancy.
- Tess eventually finds work as a dairy maid on a farm, where she meets and falls in love with Angel Clare, a kind and idealistic young man.
- Tess and Angel marry, but their happiness is short-lived when Tess confesses her past to Angel on their wedding night. Angel struggles to accept Tess's past and leaves her.
- Heartbroken and destitute, Tess reunites with Alec d'Urberville, who offers her financial support. However, she ultimately rejects his advances.
- In a desperate attempt to escape her past, Tess flees with Angel, but their happiness is shattered when they are caught by the authorities.
- The novel ends tragically, with Tess being arrested and hanged for the murder of Alec d'Urberville.
*Themes:*
- *Fate and Determinism:* The novel explores the idea of fate and the role it plays in shaping Tess's life. Despite her efforts to escape her past, Tess's tragic fate seems inevitable.
- *Social Class:* Hardy critiques the rigid social hierarchy of Victorian England, highlighting the injustices faced by those at the bottom of the social ladder.
- *Sexuality and Gender:* Tess's experiences with Alec and Angel raise questions about gender roles and sexual morality in Victorian society.
- *Nature:* Hardy uses the rural landscape of Wessex as a backdrop for the novel, emphasizing the connection between nature and Tess's emotional state.
"Tess of the d'Urbervilles" is considered one of Hardy's masterpieces and is celebrated for its rich characterization, evocative landscapes, and profound exploration of human experience. It remains a classic of English literature and continues to be studied and admired by readers and scholars around the world.
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12 апр 2024
