The Controversial 2023 Nobel Prize Explained

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We've avoided talking about the gender pay gap for a long time because, frankly, it's an emotional topic. But this year's Nobel Prize in Economics (Sveriges Riksbank Prize) was awarded to Claudia Goldin for her work explaining the gender pay gap using historical data and taking the emotion out of the equation.
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15 май 2024

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Комментарии : 2,5 тыс.

@EconomicsExplained 6 месяцев назад

@ray_99 6 месяцев назад

I’m watching this video using the brave browser right now! It blocks virtually all ads

@dertythegrower 6 месяцев назад

Sorry but, the title is incorrect. The laws prove it is false. The Equal Pay Act debunks her, literally. And that has been law since 1960s, in the states, canada, and where you live.

@dertythegrower 6 месяцев назад

Intelligent third party here... college graduate. This is so bad I am unsubcribing.. because you fail to do basic research on the equal pay act of 1964.

@chinesesparrows 6 месяцев назад

Those that point out the pay gap but ignore the jail gap and lifespan gap are biased.

@lukemurray4950 6 месяцев назад

The gender lay gap is not real at all in the West. They take all the earnings of men throughout their life and the same with women ignoring basic facts like men tend to work more hours and take more dangerous and less desirable jobs over comfortable and convenient jobs. Don't be part of pushing this blatant lie. Some parts of the world actually have this issue where the same job pays women less.

@LA-hx8gj 6 месяцев назад

The truth about the pay gap has been available for anyone interested in truth for a decade. Anyone complaining about it nowadays is just an ideologue.

@WanderingExistence 6 месяцев назад

It's wrong because capitalism ideologically biases Capital over families and communities. Child rearing is a very important task within society and it is punished by capitalist economics by decreasing the value that women are paid and not covering the massive benefits of healthy and proper child care. The gender pay Gap is literally due to the fact that women have to take time off work to do their biological thing and create another human being which economists really need to create a growing economy but they don't seem to give any economic stimulus towards... 🤔🤔 They talked about how money is a incentive and then they talk about how they need more people to create a growing economy but they don't want to incentivize creating more people by creating healthy spaces for child rearing. But you know, why would that logic sense?

@algardaus 6 месяцев назад

I agree capitalism has flaws, I also believe that the death of religion and nationalism in our lifetimes is what has made the worse aspects of capitalism more powerful. Unfortunately the current other options are nightmarishly bad.

@Elasticmethod 6 месяцев назад

@@WanderingExistence the problem is that you view motherhood as a job deserving of monetary compensation… it never has been and never will be. There are plenty of fields a woman can go into where they take care of other humans and still make bank (medical field). How about we accept the reality that when given the choice, women choose lower paying careers or forgo them entirely to be mothers far more often than men do. Its time to stop blaming men and capitalism for many women making poor financial decisions like becoming social workers (~36k a year) while taking out 100k in debt to get their masters degree

@paulomartins1008 6 месяцев назад

So the highest laureates in the field of economics acknowledging someones years of research into the topic for shedding light into what is usually a very biased and misunderstood topic are all wrong, and we should all buy in to your belief set just because you say so you internet cook, is this accurate?

@ICDeadPeeps 6 месяцев назад

@@WanderingExistence Have you ever looked up the official definition of capitalism (outside of Wikipedia)? It's about personal ownership rights over government ownership rights. Capitalism ideology is based on that you as an individual can decide what's best for you than the government. Your argument is flawed because you're incorrectly defining capitalism as a profit-only driven, free-market economic model.

@DKH712 6 месяцев назад

All this stock footage is so funny. It's like a view into an alternative dimension where everybody's good looking, attentively listens to their colleagues presentations, and generally goes through their workday with the seriousness of someone solving the big problems of the world.

@msthing 6 месяцев назад

I actually find it distracting. This video is more like a podcasts with occasional helpful plot. Would be great if the graphics matched the content a bit better...

@purpl3grape 6 месяцев назад

It's an AI channel

@griveouswithhislightsabers3665 6 месяцев назад

@@purpl3graperealy?

@ffff7164 6 месяцев назад

@@purpl3grape proof?

@alexpotts6520 6 месяцев назад

@@msthing I just feel like random stock footage is just completely integral to the EE style. As dumb as it sometimes is I couldn't bear to see him get rid of it.

@JAN0L 6 месяцев назад

An interesting fact is that women who adopt children have the same drop in earnings as women that give birth to their biological children even though they don't go through pregnancy. The presence of children matters much more than the impact of pregnancy itself.

@ArantyrDarkhand 6 месяцев назад

Its becouse once females have children they dont want work anymore. Its simple like that. Its the only thing they are made to do.

@ravanpee1325 6 месяцев назад

Children get sick, children need attention, need to do homework, need to learn for exam, need to bring the kids to the soccer game, etc...of course all the women with kids want to work overtime, on holidays, on weekends, the part of the job which is more stressfull etc.

@KhanJoltrane 6 месяцев назад

Source?

@ravanpee1325 6 месяцев назад

@@KhanJoltrane Maybe stop beeing lazy, go on Google Scholar and write "women+adoption+wage gape"

@ZipMapp 6 месяцев назад

@@KhanJoltrane Why don't you do a bit of research instead of asking for source of everyone who makes a valid point you disagree with? Maybe you're just ignorant of the economic realities of the topic?

@SilenceOnPS4 6 месяцев назад

The prize money disparity due to the Swedish Krona's inflation had me in stitches. Well done, well done.

@williamgodin1110 6 месяцев назад

I hope it bounces back for next year. Lol

@EconomicsExplained 6 месяцев назад

Yeah that part was quite unfortunate from a optics standpoint. Not discrimination, just coincidence with the value of the currency, but still kinda bad timing...

@Bylov6812 6 месяцев назад

@AZ-zn9lg Duh, because we're looking at it from bird's eye view. In reality, you get what you put in. And often women "can't" put in as much as they want to unless they sacrifice their happiness.

@GoodChoicess 6 месяцев назад

@AZ-zn9lgSure it does. People who work less make less money. That's a pay gap.

@mikitz 6 месяцев назад

@@Bylov6812Ask any CEO and they'll say that time is their most valued commodity. Anyone who values free time over money and prestige chooses to work less and make less money. And there's nothing wrong with either choice.

@jeffreyfahie1502 6 месяцев назад

I spent the entire video waiting for the ground-breaking, Nobel prize-level information to be disclosed. Instead, the best part was the chuckle I had for the award paying 10% less than the male winners from last year.

@JamesQuintero18 6 месяцев назад

Yeah I'm confused, what were the major points of the nobel price winning study? EE just seemed to disperse it throughout the video, but now I don't know what was actual research and what was their thoughts.

@Dittp 6 месяцев назад

Exactly

@BPS298 6 месяцев назад

I hope y’all remember the part at the beginning where he said this is part of the summary from the Nobel Prize foundation and not the person herself. There was, very likely, a lot of stuff left out.

@Jaigarful 6 месяцев назад

Yeah, he mentioned things that both sides got wrong, and I was waiting to hear that. Though I do find it strange. Depending on how you control for some factors, that bit about less inequality in wages at the start of industrialization makes no sense. For example, loom work was paid less than factory work, and loom work was mostly women and children. If you compared wages of male loom workers to female loom workers, sure, they might be very close, but that industry was dominated by women and child labor.

@thefalsehero 6 месяцев назад

@@BPS298 Let's assume he left out a lot of stuff. In that case, why did he leave out all the "groundbreaking" stuff? Like, what exactly made this paper worthy of a nobel prize? Even after watching the entire video, I can't answer that simple question.

@liversuccess1420 6 месяцев назад

Several European countries like Germany have policies that are very flexible for women who want to have and raise children; maternity leave, and even paternity leave, in these places are generous. But as I often try to point out to European friends of mine, this is not entirely for altruistic reasons. These countries are trying to encourage higher rates of childbirth while also allowing women to participate in the work force. A country like the US that has historically not had low birth rates or has lots of immigration, combined with high workforce participation, has had no economic incentive to offer generous maternity leave.

@RJ-gu3wb 6 месяцев назад

I'd disagree, a country like the us has the same incentives, even if they are lower

@liversuccess1420 6 месяцев назад

@@RJ-gu3wb I think we do now, but we haven't in the past which is why we're slower to adopt these policies.

@chico9805 6 месяцев назад

Paying people to have children doesn't work, as child-rearing is not a primarily economic decision. It is all about the culture.

@liversuccess1420 6 месяцев назад

@@chico9805 I agree with you when it comes to individuals making choices, but for the nation and government, it is an economic decision. A country with declining birth rates producing fewer taxable workers affects everything from revenue to productivity.

@RJ-gu3wb 6 месяцев назад

@@liversuccess1420 I don't know the data, but I would bet that there have been also periods where the US would have benefited from a wider work force, since we are taking about such a long history by now

@scotttaylor9133 6 месяцев назад

There's also the social pressure; for males it's not about 'being all you can be'. If you don't make enough you're not a suitable partner in life so your level of achievement financially has a large impact on your dating and lifelong relationship (if you get to have a family, marriage) outlook as well. For females it's not the same since men and women select each other for different reasons. I think this is always understated as a reason for the difference in earnings. If women don't earn as much it's a missed personal goal. If men don't earn enough their ability to get married, have a family at all is at risk. That's a much heavier motivating factor for males that they all come to understand pretty quick into adulthood. It's really quite different than proving that you can or just reaping the financial benefits of a good career.

@orangejuice7156 6 месяцев назад

True. They want a man that earns much more than them, but having a huge pay gap between genders is "unfair". Madness personified.

@huveja9799 6 месяцев назад

She cleaned the data and "invented" the U-curve .. what can I tell you? ... that sounds like the work that is sent to interns .. in short, Women's studies ..

@alioka-26 6 месяцев назад

@@orangejuice7156, please, don't forget about ugly divorced or single women (sometimes - with a kid or two) like myself (there's a lot of such women) We need this money to buy food, pay for the apartment, pay for the medicine, etc, just like the men do

@cyborgtemplar1989 6 месяцев назад

True enough. But that same expense struggle is on both sides. Namely the cost of living vs standard income. For women they have limited hours available to work when they have children. Which reduces income paired with the increased expenses of having children. They do however get a lot of government assistance and subsidies to help offset that. Men have child support in addition to other expenses. Which results in them also needing to work more to cover those expenses. Which unfortunately also means less flexibility on days off, and the ability to spend time with their children. And often times they can't move hours around if the mothers schedule also changes. With no government assistance at all. The issue here. Is the cost of raising children and the cost of living relative to what any person makes. This cost is so high, that their is no flexibility on either side of the isle. Only major difference being the mother gets some government help, even if not always enough, and her cost if she struggles gets offset a little. Where as the father gets no such assistance, is at the mercy of his employer(s), and has worse consequences should he be incapable of matching the demands of him. While also being criticized for not being able to be with his children, despite it being out of his hands at times. He can easily face prison time if he misses a payment, homelessness if he misses rent, etc. It snowballs very hard. Especially if he is only making average income levels (even a little above average). Where getting sick and missing a few days work is enough to cause dramatic difficulties.

@mattolivier1835 6 месяцев назад

Isn't that obvious?

@John_Doe4269 6 месяцев назад

I remember my parents used to say how, when they were kids, it was almost surreal to imagine a life where only one person in the house had to work. This idea that women are just now entering the labour market is ridiculous to anyone who doesn't think History started in 1950's America.

@eshk7281 6 месяцев назад

Even more ridiculous if you look globally. There's a lot of housewifes in India, but there's even more working women in India.

@eshk7281 6 месяцев назад

Although maybe that doesn't apply too well to the rural parts, it's still something to think about.

@Tomren44 6 месяцев назад

@@eshk7281yeah because they reproduce and their kids are sent to other countries to work. Women reproducing is far more powerful than the biggest paycheck

@aliquida7132 6 месяцев назад

So true. 1950's America is a complete and total anomaly across the world and across time.. and for some reason people treat that as a "normal" that we are deviating from.

@MajkaSrajka 6 месяцев назад

@@aliquida7132 And the fringe theories that American men are paid less due to American women joining the workforce is laughable. You do not earn less because American woman joined the workforce. You are earning less because of women from china, men from china, and probably hundreds of other groups on the global scale - but alas, Americans thinking that America is entire world strikes again lol

@BulletRain100 6 месяцев назад

This work really just seems to prove that things people have previously assumed were common sense are in fact correct, and it used economics to prove things already proven by other academic fields such as history and anthropology. There is value in such research, but I'm surprised this won a Nobel Prize.

@Delmworks 6 месяцев назад

Someone needs to prove it. Having receipts is what separates study from hearsay.

@Danielle_1234 6 месяцев назад

@@Delmworks This has already been proven by historians and anthropologists and is considered the general consensus. For anyone who studies more than economics these findings aren't new.

@markaurelius61 6 месяцев назад

Common sense that many disagree with.

@mostlygreen1 6 месяцев назад

@@Danielle_1234What exactly is the 'this' that has been demonstrated before and where would we find the papers? I'm not aware Nobels are dished out for no reason, so there must be something new in the research. Of course, given the usual elapsed time between research and Nobels it could easily be her work everyone else is quoting.

@deus_ex_machina_ 6 месяцев назад

That could be said of almost every Nobel prize in economics. But people only complain when a woman wins it.

@ifthen1526 6 месяцев назад

Thomas Sowell has been saying this since the 80s...

@fred6907 6 месяцев назад

And the media has been lying about it ever since.

@franciscodanconia4324 6 месяцев назад

Walter Williams summed it up best by pointing out that if women were 28% cheaper to hire than men, companies would only hire women, or hire a majority of women. Which would drive up demand for female labor, thus driving up the cost of that labor. Hence the supposed wage differential would cease to exist.

@mahnamahna3252 6 месяцев назад

That has been true in restaurants, schools, housekeeping, nursing, and CNAs (and other fields traditionally thought of as women's work) I used to work in restaurants and had men whose work was below mine actually make more than me. I was actually told it was because they have child support garnished from their checks, whereas I could get a husband or qualify for governance assistance. We should have the same wage for the same job as well as opportunities for performance based raises.

@fr3chill 6 месяцев назад

It's weird to be faced with a reality that contradicts your logic and instead of interrogating your logic you decide reality is wrong and plug your ears.

@mahnamahna3252 6 месяцев назад

@fr3chill are you trying to claim that there are not employers who hire more women because they can pay them less?

@fred6907 6 месяцев назад

@@mahnamahna3252 "Make more" does NOT equal paid more per hour. They made more based on other factors, I suspect it's hours worked and/or overtime.

@fr3chill 6 месяцев назад

@@mahnamahna3252 I am pointing out it is readily apparent that women are not compensated equally and is also apparent that employers have not yet fix this imbalance by raising the demand for women employees. Clearly there is an issue with Walter's claim. There is no reason to argue about what is empirically false.

@marcquees5312 6 месяцев назад

8:25 reminds me of the book Deep Work by Cal Newport in a portion of the book where he explains the “Metric Black Hole”. Since we don’t have direct metrics to measure most things outside of physical output it’s hard to know what’s actually working at times

@Spidey_Ethan 6 месяцев назад

I was thinking the same thing. Good book.

@cancelled_user 6 месяцев назад

Muricans be like "phew, glad we don't use the metric system so we can measure everything!"

@lloydritchey 6 месяцев назад

Reminds me of a paper, "taking the con out of econometrics" or something similar.

@_Wombat 6 месяцев назад

I've been thinking about this a lot recently. Maybe one to add to the reading list.

@marcquees5312 6 месяцев назад

@@_Wombat it’s a good book honestly

@TehSuperHero 6 месяцев назад

Maybe I'm dumb but I'd like to understand what the TL;DR of what Claudia Goldin discovered/proved... Is there a gap when controlled for same position? Is there a gap when not?

@stephaniet9875 6 месяцев назад

Yea im wondering why such a simple thought wasn't covered in the video

@uniktbrukernavn 6 месяцев назад

Even after watching the video I'm not even sure Claudia Goldin proved that there is an unfair pay gap or if it's a myth because women tend to chose less demanding jobs.

@JamesVannordstrand 6 месяцев назад

Yeah, this wasn't very useful imo.

@franciscodanconia4324 6 месяцев назад

The most widely quoted 72% wage gap stat does not control for any variables. It just lumps all men in a basket and all women in a basket and divides. It's just never reported on by the media or talked about by the ideologues with vested interests. There are studies that do control for type of position, education, time in (and out) of the workforce etc, and most find either a very small gap, no gap, or in some cases women making more than men (I believe one found that female junior lawyers in law firms were making a few percentage points more than equivalent men). And even simple common sense and a basic understanding of economics would tell you that if there was truly a 28% discount for women's labor over men in an equivalent position, companies would almost exclusively try to hire women in jobs that don't absolutely require characteristics that men have advantages in (size and strength). Thus the labor rate for women would rise with demand, and the gap would eventually disappear. It proves its non-existence by the fact that it couldn't exist in the first place.

@jackdeniston59 6 месяцев назад

Because she was a diversity award.....

@adamlee2550 6 месяцев назад

I've worked in low skill manufacturing and warehousing roles and the women who worked by my side were paid the same and expected to do less work. If something heavy need lifting or a message needed running it was always the men who the ladies would call out for. A lot of this pay-disparity issue is taking place in the middle-class and I couldn't care less because to me they all seem wealthy.

@112steinway 6 месяцев назад

I liked that this paper, and by extension the video, mentioned changes in the workforce and how labor was paid during the Industrial Revolution because this is something I know a bit about and have some personal experience with. I grew up in southern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, which was the cradle of the early Industrial Revolution in the United States. My parents are clergy, which means I lived around a lot of elderly people who remember doing this kind of paid by volume labor when they were children (it was called "piece work" and the whole family was almost always involved). What's also interesting is that if you go to the mills up in places like Lowell Mass. they have historical reenactors at the mills who will show you how things worked and what the social situation was like. In those cases, the mill owners actually preferred to hire women because they were cheaper and there were a lot more of them because the men were either expensive or had to work elsewhere. This led to a lot of women living on their own and away from their families, and that helped women gain more independence and developed into organizations like the Seven Sister Colleges, which were universities created specifically for women. It's worth mentioning that there was also a racial aspect to working in the mills as well as a gender aspect in the Northeast United States. The people who worked in the mills doing the low cost labor stuff were usually Portuguese, Italian, and other non English speaking people while the people who had the higher paying jobs like the overseers and mechanics were usually English and Scottish immigrants who brought the skills and talents they developed over in Great Britain.

@_Wombat 6 месяцев назад

Appreciate the balanced insight into a very focused video. Definitely the best way to handle this topic. The difficulty of measuring the productivity of a service-based economy could be an interesting topic for the future. The amount of wasted resource is insane in a highly-service based economy (look at the UK).

@the1anonymouse 6 месяцев назад

There are also a significant amount of positions for which you can only measure their output based on the change in output of other positions

@crisislord00 6 месяцев назад

I think child rearing and future potential of such a child should be accounted for when factoring women in the economy. Having children is extremely important and it is sad to see that being a mother is not seen the same as having a successful career. To further add, the economy is being analysed, most of the time, in terms of individuals while it would make more sense to analyze an economy in terms of households and family unit.

@itsgonnabeanaurfromme 6 месяцев назад

And how should people do that exactly? We measure things in the economy with actual numbers. Factoring ChIlD ReAriNg? What's next? factor how much housekeeping you do or how well toyou blow your husband?

@jonatanrullman 6 месяцев назад

The logical inference from that argument would be that women should be paid less than men. I am a bit hesitant to credit that idea.

@RealMajora 6 месяцев назад

When you were growing up in school, how often did you ever see people say that being a mother was viable for women? I only saw people repeating 'go to school, go to college, get a job, THEN have kids if you want' Being a mother is one of the most amazing things about women and yet it gets suppressed

@mrstraiban 6 месяцев назад

At least in many Nordic countries this is definitely accounted for in many forms including significant subsidies for child care. Recently many of these countries have also changed the parental leave in a way that if the parents want to use the parental leave months fully, the father also has to stay at home for many of these months. This reduces the choice that the families have but it also "forces" some of the career risk to be distributed to men.

@joe-zj8js 6 месяцев назад

Don't you mean birthing parent? Men can bear children too.😂 But srsly, some good points have been brought up in this comment thread and others. I've thought that maybe going backwards a bit would be good... Meaning take a lot of women out of the work force which would reduce the supply of labor and increase wages for men. Women should be more judicious on the type of men they choose. Women could stay at home, men would make enough to support a family, the shitty men would have to come correct and step up their game of they want a job and a wife. These are very general thoughts but hopefully you get my point.

@jono601 6 месяцев назад

There are many contributing factors to the existence of the gender wage gap. gender discrimination is certainly real. But it's not the sole reason why the gap exists to begin with. Things like men working longer hours, working dirtier jobs, working the most dangerous jobs, working outside, are only some of the contributing factors that shouldn't be brushed aside.

@user-ds8rj2vc4v 6 месяцев назад

This is why it is referred to correctly as a gender earnings gap. Wage gap is incorrect because it doesn't take into account factors like vocation, experience and risk etc.

@ravanpee1325 6 месяцев назад

Men and women don't have the same preferences in the labour market

@zefifier 6 месяцев назад

Maybe if you all actually watch the video properly instead of wasting time writing your uninformed opinions, you all would've actually learned something instead of staying ignorant.

@ravanpee1325 6 месяцев назад

@@zefifier Look at Sweden with the highest gender segregation in the working place (men dominated export industry vs. female dominated public service/service industry) although the gender equality in the society is also pretty high

@user-ds8rj2vc4v 6 месяцев назад

@@zefifier These aren't uninformed opinions, it's basically what every economist has observed when looking at the statistics. There is no wage gap, there is an earnings gap. Big difference. I might work more hours, in a more dangerous job, with more experience - thus, earn more money. Not a difference in pay.

@seannaesseannaes 6 месяцев назад

100% of physical labor jobs I have worked, women got paid the same for doing less. I am 6’8” 210 lbs, I can comfortably lift/move 2-3 times more then the strongest women I have worked with. When I only did the same work as the women, I was verbally written up for not working hard enough, when I bring up they are not doing as much as me, I’m told they are smaller women and I need to pick up the slack because I am so big and can do more easily, I should not expect them to be able to do the same as me.

@VibourQueen 6 месяцев назад

But capitalism doesn’t pay women for the generations of replaced labour. Every labour available to capitalism today is because of a women’s unpaid labour and risk of prey and child rearing. How is that fair?😢

@audreydoyle5268 6 месяцев назад

You shouldn't be paid for your output. That's the point. You are paid for your time. So are they. Arguably, if a woman earns the same, saves the same, and invests the same or similar to a man, and she has a child, what would happen in the unfortunate circumstance her partner leaves her and refuses to pay child support or passes? If she wasn't paid the same, she wouldn't be able to provide for her child in the same way a man could. He would have more savings if we were paid based on output. You being able to lug things around more isn't the point. It's that children's wellbeing are at stake if we pay based on output and not time. A woman might have to take time out of her life to raise a new member of the economy, it wouldn't be fair if she had to do it alone with less net savings from previous employment. Paying women less for their output is a huge slap in the face to our gifts to humanity. We bring forth more life. That is greater output than a man would ever achieve. Paying a woman less is paying several people pennies.

@itchylol742 6 месяцев назад

Simply find a new job, let the free market do its thing

@blazingfiery4632 6 месяцев назад

@@daveisbrill You are going to incentivize unproductivity that way. The same guy has to eat more to carry around his body to pick up the work that the women is not doing and I don't see any government offering subsidies for that.

@daveisbrill 6 месяцев назад

@@audreydoyle5268you are here to tell us everyone should be paid the same for the same time, regardless of how much work they do in that time?????

@Anon-fv9ee 6 месяцев назад

Why do we rarely hear nurses and teachers complaining about the pay gap? It’s because their pay is set by an award or enterprise agreement. Everyone is paid the same rate, regardless of gender/race/religion etc. Same goes for the railways, emergency services, retail, hospitality and countless other industries, both public and private. So where can the pay gap exist? Any job where pay is a direct negotiation between employee and employer. This can include white collar (law, accounting) and creative industries (entertainment, media). But these industries represent only a fraction of the total workforce. Awards and EBA’s are published, but most private employment contracts have a confidentiality clause which prohibits discussion of pay. So how can this information be researched reliably without guesswork? For public companies, the annual report will disclose both pay and composition (male/female) of the board and senior executives. Yet this may be skewed and not representative of a company’s total workforce. In Australia the ‘pay gap’ became a thing when the Workplace Gender Equality Agency was established in 2012. The WGEA Act requires private employers with 100 or more employees to report various stats. The agency then publishes an annual report. But what about small businesses with

@victorcode2075 6 месяцев назад

I'm in healthcare. Male nurses actually outearn females because they do more overtime 😄

@icetrip2417 6 месяцев назад

@@victorcode2075excatly 😂

@user-lz3vf7ou9t 6 месяцев назад

@@victorcode2075 Earnings and pay (wage) are different things.

@wade8813 6 месяцев назад

@Anon-fv9ee - Incorrect. There's a lot of complaining by nurses and teachers about the pay gap, because the pay gap is very, very real. Even if employee base contracts were identical, promotions in those professions still include individual discretion, which allows sexism. When you control for all variables, men are more likely to be promoted than equally qualified women, even in fields that are viewed as professions geared towards women.

@dell2693 6 месяцев назад

@@wade8813 Incorrect.

@antoniomromo 6 месяцев назад

I appreciate that this examination was purely based on the question of is the gender wage gap a problem from an economic perspective, and did not stray into if or how this is a societal problem.

@deus_ex_machina_ 6 месяцев назад

While it probably led to reduced backlash from chauvanists triggered that women's issues were discussed (especially given the demographics of people who watch economics videos skew overwhelmingly male), whether for or against, it _undoubtedly_ has a social dimension. Not every channel needs to approach it from every angle, but a disclaimer that EE only covers it from an economic perspective wouldn't hurt.

@TakesTwoToTango 6 месяцев назад

@@deus_ex_machina_ You want a disclaimer that the economics channel covers a topic from an economical perspective? Like... why? This feels like the Ben Shapiro meme of the girl asking him where it's written that Boy Scouts have to be boys.

@volpopopopo 2 месяца назад

its obvious that is a societal issue

@GnomaPhobic 6 месяцев назад

Thanks for making this video, it was very informative. Dr. Goldin's conclusions make a lot of sense to me - I specialized in labor and industrial history from 1880-1920 in the United States - from what I learned at university. It does make more sense to consider the gender pay gap from the more objective perspective of economics than the subjective passions that we can so easily fall prey to.

@JohnKerbaugh 6 месяцев назад

Economically it is an interesting subject. I also find the social reactions to the subject equally interesting. So many arguments break down to single variable ones. It highlights how little curiosity people truly have.

@HalfJapMarine 6 месяцев назад

@@JohnKerbaugh Top down thinkers vs bottom up thinkers. Likely less than 20% of the population thinks

@AwesomeHairo 6 месяцев назад

Misuse of a comma. "Thanks for making this video. It was very informative."

@trenomas1 6 месяцев назад

The perspective of economics isn't objective. The work women tend to do in the household isn't paid for and isn't accounted for in economic models despite reproductive labor being required for the functioning of an economy.

@HalfJapMarine 6 месяцев назад

@@trenomas1 If you are a working trad wife that is on you

@meinelust 6 месяцев назад

What people, including women, tend to forget is that women who opted to stay as a housewives are also working. Their job is being a housewife, this is the same for men who opted to be the househusband. Supporting spouses should not be discounted.

@phoenix51472 6 месяцев назад

What they also forget is that staying at home and looking after kids is a better option than slogging away to earn money...which is why women are so averse to becoming the main breadwinner.

@thatdudebello 6 месяцев назад

Agreed, but has nothing to do with the subject of gender pay gap

@xaviermagnus8310 6 месяцев назад

Plenty of stay at home non mothers... weird that huh. And that's almost no work at all. It was close to 40 hours in the 50s (I assume the drugs in a lot of products slowed it down) and is less than 15 hours now a week... Not real work.

@doigt6590 6 месяцев назад

@@phoenix51472I'm curious if there aren't other factors like man-centric culture. My mother purposefully does less paying job because every single time she earned more than my Dad, he became irritated easily and would act like his pride and ego took a hit, even being incredibly verbally violent and abusive. How many other women have jobs that pay less than their husband because of toxic masculinity? I'd like to see a study on this angle.

@tyronelorenzovalentio3414 6 месяцев назад

Majority of people aren’t house helpers at all

@floridaman7 6 месяцев назад

You cannot have equal outcomes without removing freedom and rights.

@NoName-rl3fh 6 месяцев назад

Based

@audreydoyle5268 6 месяцев назад

Let's aim for equity then Women should be paid more.

@trenomas1 6 месяцев назад

Women do work that isn't paid for and the economy benefits. How is that equal, equitable, or fair? Would paying child-raising people remove freedom and rights?

@phoenix51472 6 месяцев назад

@@audreydoyle5268and men should custody of children after divorce, military drafts should be exclusively for women and school teachers should be 80% male. Agreed?

@mynameisben123 6 месяцев назад

@@trenomas1they do that with fit the benefit of their child and family… the benefits are only to them.. who would pay them? You want other people to pay?

@bartolomeothesatyr 6 месяцев назад

I both feel terribly sad for and am somewhat terrified of people who think the purpose of existence is to "maximize economic potential."

@somethinglikethat2176 6 месяцев назад

Maximising economic potential offers the opportunity to improve things like quality of life through higher output. It's about understanding economic reality to inform good policy.

@bartolomeothesatyr 6 месяцев назад

Yes, I understand that @@somethinglikethat2176 -- what I fail to understand is why some people behave as if "maximizing economic potential" is itself the end, rather than a means to it.

@thebritishtwat1317 6 месяцев назад

maxamizing economic potential means more people get iPhones, and less people starve to death. Why is that a bad thing?

@hoolio5659 6 месяцев назад

@@thebritishtwat1317 Because maximizing economic potential Doesn’t really fix this when you compare it to for example, equalizing economic capital across the population. A big issue with your logic is that it’s very ineffective at fixing the problems you say prioritizing this will fix.

@bartolomeothesatyr 6 месяцев назад

I'm *_not_* suggesting fewer people starving is a bad thing, @@thebritishtwat1317 - what I *_am_* suggesting is bad is the fixation on maximizing economic potential as the end in and of itself, rather than as a means to the end of allowing all people to enjoy a higher standard of living. The most important metric isn't gross national product, it's gross national happiness, and as general social surveys over the last decades have shown, the relationship between those variables is not directly correlated in a linear fashion.

@bearcubdaycare 6 месяцев назад

A female colleague wanted to work four days a week, for child care reasons. But that meant that she got no benefits, and 4/5ths of the pay. Flexibility in this regard, pro rating total compensation, would cost the company little, and benefit many workers. And the company, through retention of capable employees. (Some might fret, "what if the company needs her on the day off? How will meetings work?", but companies seem to survive employees away for work travel, training, vacation or sick leave.)

@floormatt3 6 месяцев назад

That's not really providing flexibility. Yeah, if the mother would rather work one day less and take inly 80% home with no benefits then that is their prorogative. But saying that this is a flexible option to be embraced by many is just wrong. Benefits, especially in the USA, are more impactful than an extra day with the kids. The fact that people can stand around and speculate about what's better for women without actually hearing them out is a glaring gape in logic. Instead of pushing for better benefits coverage for those who evidently need it, you'd rather side with the company who'll remove benefits and pay mothers less for the mother's unequivocally high benefit to the economy by raising/rearing.

@jhonyortiz5 6 месяцев назад

With how expensive child care is in the US, one of the parents will always neglect their career. Not out of choice but out of need. Especially with jobs here in the U.S. expecting workers to prioritize their work above EVERYTHING else.

@Mersoh 2 месяца назад

It's interesting to see a brave ad on youtube considering it's one of the best adblockers out there

@chapelknight951 6 месяцев назад

On the Nobel Prize topic. A newspaper accidentally published an obituary for Alfred Nobel during his life. It remarked about all the deaths from his inventions. He was distraught about that, and decided to fund an international prize and award based on the peace and goodwill efforts of the recipient.

@Rafaelrgm 6 месяцев назад

Poor guy. Imagine you invent something to help miners work, and suddenly you have millions of deaths over your shoulders.

@JinKee 6 месяцев назад

@@RafaelrgmBut no Nobel prize for math, because his wife was banging a mathematician.

@ArawnOfAnnwn 6 месяцев назад

@@Rafaelrgm Oppenheimer literally invented the nuclear bomb, explicitly as a weapon. It still isn't his fault people died. The fault lies with the president who chose to use said weapon. To its credit, the recent film had a scene with said president saying exactly that. There's always ways to kill people. The genocide in Rwanda even saw a million killed with machetes. It isn't about who invented what tool, but who chose to use it and how.

@Rafaelrgm 6 месяцев назад

@@ArawnOfAnnwn The intent was different. The nuke was made as a weapon, the TNT was madee as a work tool.

@ArawnOfAnnwn 6 месяцев назад

@@Rafaelrgm I literally acknowledged that in my first line.

@RG-3PO 6 месяцев назад

The only thing I take issue with this video is the total glossing over of the costs of things like "more flexible working arrangements." Many post-covid businesses are pushing for more "in office" work because of increase productivity, so for "flexible" policies to be maximally fair and reward the most economic output, they would still have to have a productivity metric. A lot of policy changes just act like a shell game that moves the cost around, but makes it harder to track.

@computerguy1579 6 месяцев назад

Excellent video. The sad thing is that a lot of controversial topics are very interesting to dive into, but they're so politicized that people shut off when they hear anything they disagree with. It would be nice if we had more approaches to controversial topics like this, where we dive into the details and consider the different factors affecting what we see in the world. (I think part of the problem is that almost all political commentators who "debate" people from the other side aren't interested in having a conversation but in trying to one-up the other person and make them look stupid).

@alexmancera6566 6 месяцев назад

Very much agree. Lots of the highest rated comments in this video make me sad. Like the solution being proposed here is to make work more flexible for everyone, both for women AND men. Regardless of this, I’m spotting a big sentiment of this all being some crazy leftist ideologue talking point. It’s a shame.

@carbon1479 6 месяцев назад

4:26 - there's the price of motherhood but I also wonder if, labor dynamics being what they are and headcount making pay retreat, if it's the case that any job that both men and women still want to do will get drastically cheaper whereas jobs that only men want to do or jobs that only women want to do will still be more likely to provide a living wage. I'm sure that modulates with expertise which is another factor that can shrink a labor pool but I'd have to assume that any place that both men and women want to be and can be based the work itself would mean it will pay a lot less.

@stevenwardrope1460 6 месяцев назад

I've heard a lot about the gender pay gap, but rarely hear about the gender health gap. The gap between men and women concerning injuries and deaths in the workplace very rarely get's much media attention. For example, i'd imagine there's a few more men with chronic work related injuries or even deaths especially in the manual labour field. Not to mention the effects of stress from high paying jobs more than likely contributing towards higher heart attacks rates etc.

@knightheaven8992 5 месяцев назад

oh no doubt about that, around 97% of worker related deaths are men, there is many kinds of gender gaps, not all of them in favour of men... in fact i would say few actually are.

@stevenwardrope1460 5 месяцев назад

yeah i know in Australia definitely more women have above 50% care of children than men in divorced couples. Obviously getting to see your children isn't important@@knightheaven8992

@noBody-ue6cs 6 месяцев назад

I just hate hearing that 70 cents to the dollar line and then the takeaway is suppose to be that employers get a discount for hiring women because men bad.

@NoName-rl3fh 6 месяцев назад

Also because it is a false narrative. And indeed if I a man got the same output and everything else equal yet for much cheaper, no doubt why Wouldn't one hire just women. But we all know that isn't the case. Well, all except Economics Explained apparently.

@cancelled_user 6 месяцев назад

@@NoName-rl3fh I don't think this is one of "those" videos. Did you watch it?

@fred6907 6 месяцев назад

Even Presidents touted this message. Speaks volumes about their presidential capabilities.

@fredlooper3686 6 месяцев назад

@@fred6907 it's rather disingenuous to act like political leaders in general don't generalize or use already-established language to communicate policy goals

@fredlooper3686 6 месяцев назад

I think first for you to understand their position that it isn't you specifically versus them, it's not personal A lot of men struggle with this including myself. Just gotta get over yourself and then you ready to talk about the issues

@dracomalfoy1245 6 месяцев назад

and how exactly do we remove the barriers for women without blocking opportunities for men? which was the most important part and that wasn't discussed.

@djoshi9411 6 месяцев назад

I like how this paper challenges biases on both sides

@Ozymandias1 6 месяцев назад

If there is a gender pay gap where women get paid less than men for the same work then why don't companies hire only women?

@highcouncil1302 6 месяцев назад

They did in the 1800s entire factory were nothing but women

@itsgonnabeanaurfromme 6 месяцев назад

Exactly. And these women are given maternity leave in most countries.

@TheIRONMANproject 6 месяцев назад

@@highcouncil1302 the reason those factories were actually exist is because they didn't require hard labor which not only women but also kids can be hired. Basically, ligher work>>ligher labor>>cheaper wage. And nothing but women is a false way to describe because what you see was asemblers/workers. No factory can run without man EVER. A factory need to be built, maintain, manage, secure, run logistic,... which was all done by men. So yeah, this just prove his point, the only factory who hire "all women" is the one require less work, not the same.

@ZipMapp 6 месяцев назад

@@wPleasur3 Because the expected cost of a woman is higher than the expected cost of a man. So that just makes sense in the end.

@Ozymandias1 6 месяцев назад

@@TheIRONMANproject Women still don't aspire to jobs in construction and until all the work is done by robots someone has to build the factories and offices.

@kimf.wendel9113 6 месяцев назад

Goldin's research was actually behind a decrete in the European Union that stated maternity leave of both parentes has to be equal in length. So any person who goes on maternity leave in a country part of EU has the same maternity leave regardless of gender. It is still pretty unpopular in the region, but with time the change in perspective will be very interesting. But in the coming years, the "baby-bomb" is not only women, but also men in the EU as a whole.

@knightheaven8992 5 месяцев назад

I think what is more likely to happen, is the continuing trend fo low birth rates, hence being a demographic bomb anyway

@ShadowwingMD 4 месяца назад

A lot of fathers (actuellay every singel one since I joined) in my workplace take a leave the moment the wife gives birth. The face my boss is making whenever that is happening is priceless. On one hand he took this time himself and wants my coworkers to be happy. On the other he always struggels once that happens since we temporally lose the helping hands we are already short of.

@garryjones8050 6 месяцев назад

I work in a predominantly female (75%?) organisation of around 80 people. We have a myriad of flexible working patterns. Im not aware of any of the men having one.

@paulomartins1008 6 месяцев назад

Please explain, is the expectation of pregnancy part of explained or unexplained variance in the econometric model?

@scotti-pequeno 6 месяцев назад

Well done. This video is a shining example of why I think EE is a channel I could recommend to anyone of any political persuasion.

@dolphmanity 6 месяцев назад

You lack discernment and critical thinking skills. I pity you.

@niklasmolen4753 6 месяцев назад

They have been good at being politically neutral

@twinprimeable 6 месяцев назад

ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-UkClrikc1bk.html here is a better example of how EE makes an outrageous claim and then spouts a huge number of facts that don't prove his point

@twinprimeable 6 месяцев назад

Yet another example where EE totally fails at induced demand. Apparently someone has thin skin about this since my comments are being reported as spam. Even if my position were so weak I couldn't make a comment defending it, I still wouldn't stoop so low, ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-oDGNNxY56k0.html

@terre5d 6 месяцев назад

I see a misunderstanding occure in a lot of comments. Many are saying: "The gap closes when you just control for choices, hours, etc.", which is not correct. Yes, the overall disparity decreases, but this still leaves a gap of 4-10%, depending on the country. This, many people know. However, several of these supposedly objective controls are actually "bad controls", because they too are affected by gender norms and factors. Hours worked, for instance, is lower in women, often because they work part time to take on care duties, which men do not do (to the same extent). Care work, btw., is often unpaid work. There is also a problem with the choice of occupation. For one, there are still considerable societal pressures for men and women to work in "appropriate" jobs. Many of the female dominated jobs traditionally offer lower pay. Plus, there is evidence showing how increasing female/ male participation in a field lowers/ increases overall pay. There is a tendency to dismiss the pay gap issue out of hand or on the grounds of being unavoidable or due to free choice, all of which are problematic. The end may not be equality in all things, but there is considerable potential for reducing inequalities. To state the obvious: men can and should profit from this too.

@bloodfiredrake7259 6 месяцев назад

I heavily doubt people advocating for closing are in any way concerned about men. Men will never benefit from this.

@abdulazizalmheiri5839 6 месяцев назад

I would like to read her paper. Does anyone know where I could find it or what the title of the paper is?

@txwolf9904 6 месяцев назад

With the opening topic being the percentage of women in the workplace vs men, it makes me wonder. What are your opinions on Universal Basic Income? One of the arguments I've seen proponents make is that it would recognize the work done by women maintaining households in single income families.

@pkz420 6 месяцев назад

There is no "gap". If you compare men and women, in the same situation, then there is no gap. A gap only appears when you compare part-time women to full-time men. Or other very different situations. In North America a single woman, with no kids, out earns a single man with no kids.

@KhanJoltrane 6 месяцев назад

Source?

@overlord165 6 месяцев назад

@@KhanJoltraneit's pretty common knowledge by now. I recommend google scholar

@ZipMapp 6 месяцев назад

@@KhanJoltrane census data analysis by Thomas Sowell of never married women vs never married men.

@LovesGrilling 6 месяцев назад

Precisely. And this is a summary of what this video said. And a summary of what this person won a Novel peace prize for. We live in a comedy.

@audreydoyle5268 6 месяцев назад

@@overlord165 but did it ever occur to you that being single, if she wanted to have a child, she would need more money to raise them? Really, those with intent or the ability to have children should be paid more. We're talking about the next generation of the economy here, why wouldn't you want them to grow up with enough resources to thrive?

@williamseldon1383 6 месяцев назад

Not putting a flag in one side of the debate, but how does the fact that according to Linkedin, women are more likely to receive a job offer/promotion when applying fit in? I'm not saying that this is conclusive evidence for anything, just interested in possible explanations and context and stuff.

@RJ-gu3wb 6 месяцев назад

I've learned in uni that women tend to apply less to jobs and the ones that they apply to tend to be more fitting to their skill set. If you follow this argument, it would make sense that women have a higher acceptance rate with all other factors being equal

@jerbear7952 6 месяцев назад

You definitely have a flag on one side or you wouldn't have asked the question as you did. You are also looking at data from linked in which is questionable at best.

@jerbear7952 6 месяцев назад

@@RJ-gu3wbthat seems like a logical assumption

@Patson20 6 месяцев назад

Women tend to apply only for jobs they are extremely qualified to work, mostly due to anxiety and less risk taking. Meanwhile a man will try and dress up his resume and just figure out a job he's not really qualified for and just see if they'll give it to him.

@RJ-gu3wb 6 месяцев назад

@@jerbear7952 Great that you know me better than I do, but I am just aware of biases, like everyone who got academic training

@user-og6hl6lv7p 6 месяцев назад

A lot of people here are dismissing age as a component of the wage gap. If we take age into consideration, a lot of old women are earning less than men. Conversely, a lot of young women are out earning young men. We don't hear about that wage gap!

@RBzee112 6 месяцев назад

That only applies to college educated younger women.

@reyne2077 6 месяцев назад

@@RBzee112 or just pretty

@cancelled_user 6 месяцев назад

@@RBzee112 Not only. Female models earn way more than men. You don't need to have any education for that. Same with OF and other camgirls, strippers, etc. Regarding college, let's not forget that the majority of college students are women too. Also, earning less doesn't mean you HAVE less. In many households even when man earns more, he hands over most of his money to his wife. Women make 70% of consumer spending, that's why most adverts are targeted at women.

@Apeiron242 6 месяцев назад

That's a good wage gap. According to misandrists.

@Apeiron242 6 месяцев назад

@@RBzee112young women are earning the majority of degrees. Men aren't applying and more likely to not finish.

@crashstarr6531 6 месяцев назад

This was a very interesting listen. I'm a fairly radical leftist, so the title had me expecting to get angry, but I found the exploration of the history of this phenomenon thought-provoking. It's easy to lose sight of the fact that, unlike a lot of other kinds of discrimination, there actually are at least a few real, inarguable differences between the physical sexes that would change outcomes, even outside of social norms for gender roles. Especially before modern technology started to really cut down on how much of an advantage a masculine physique would be at most jobs. Not that it fully excuses the ways we let the practicalities of yesteryear become social discrimination as things went on. It's also a reminder that 'equality of outcome' isn't *exactly* what we want, even way over in commie land, because not everyone *wants* the same outcome. We can't make sure every woman makes the same amount of money as every man, because regardless of gender, everyone walks different paths in life. But that doesn't mean we should stop striving to make sure that a man and a woman who otherwise *do* walk the same path, get paid the same for the work they do along the way!

@tuureimmonen8979 6 месяцев назад

They do get paid the same. The problem is statistics are used to spread awareness of a problem that may not truly exist. Some research studies will include "unpaid work" to the gender pay gap. What is unpaid work? Washing dishes, cleaning clothes and taking care of kids at home. In modern society, it is less likely for an unemployed man to have children, so hours of "unpaid work" is much higher in women. Plenty pay gap studies won't even include the amount of hours men and women spend in the same job. Now articles claim "Women earn less than men for the same amount of work!"

@njstuckey 6 месяцев назад

Well said.

@prasunbhuin3259 6 месяцев назад

Love the focus on research in your videos. Pitching topic of CBDC as a video idea

@SRK5227 6 месяцев назад

This was a Nobel prize worthy paper? This was the very best, most ground-breaking paper under consideration for the award? Doesn't say much about the quality of work in the economics profession.

@khanyithegreat 6 месяцев назад

That's what I said. Nothing groundbreaking a bit of misinformation and lie by omission and bam. Noble prize.

@audreydoyle5268 6 месяцев назад

@@khanyithegreat just say you don't understand how an ideal economy would run, will ya!

@jeffreyfahie1502 6 месяцев назад

my thoughts exactly.

@yashwardhansable5187 6 месяцев назад

No, this was the dumbed down version so that all people could easily get the jist of what is being said. We won't learn anything if they started using technical jargons. I can't believe people really think that this 12 minute video would capture all the intrecracies. Like use your head people.

@JD-ub5ic 6 месяцев назад

The nobel prize is given out for making outsized contributions to a field. Id say opening up 200 years of data that had previously been ignored that directly affects more than 50% of the workforce while proposing novel mechanisms and metrics (demand and supply of labor) for analyzing and understanding the valuation of labor, is all a pretty outsized contribution. Seems more impactful to the respective field of study than a physicist finding ANOTHER "new" particle at least, and she didnt even need billions of dollars of taxpayers money to do it!

@adamsterdam9049 6 месяцев назад

You should do a video on all Nobel Economic Prizes

@B52BoomStick 6 месяцев назад

It doesn't. My wife is a perfect example. She works with a roofing company that makes commission off getting people new roofs through insurance and a guy she works with makes close to or around 200k ish because the potential is limitless, and I told her you know go make that "bag" but nonchalantly says "nah, I'll work the days I said and if I make like 60 to 80k then I'm good." (She can work whatever hours she wants. Schedule is flexible as he'll and can work any amount hours you want. Hence why the guy makes alot. )

@jezsez5074 6 месяцев назад

It is illegal to pay someone less for the same job in Australia. No one has ever taken a company to court over a pay gap. Pay levels are easy to find out.

@roxannlegg750 6 месяцев назад

Actually - its not. My husband has worked in many different industries in IT over a period of 35 years, and a common theme was that they were and are not allowed to know other pay scales. He works for defense contractors, and altho they are alll professional and highly experienced IT staff, he has no real idea how much his peers are being paid. LIttle Johnnies Work CHoices legislation hasnt ever quite gone away. Staff are not allowed to ask what others are getting, nor are they alowed to ask if they are being paid more or less than their equalllly qualified and equally experienced peers. The only true yard stick concerning pay, is the staff turnover and how quickly someone is prepared to jump ship if a better offer comes along. Altho the legislation of "same job, same pay" is there - it doesnt always work that way IRL.

@AnimeReference 6 месяцев назад

@@roxannlegg750I work in that field in Australia. As far as I am aware you can't prevent people from sharing. Anyway as best as I can tell people are paid based upon a market rate (basically as cheap as you can get them at a given experience level), and then pay raises come in based upon performance (more of a vibe check than a measurement). If you actually work for defence (ie not a private company) then you have very clear pay brackets and performance goals (but in the end, less money). There are definitely people (including women) I think are paid less than their performance deserves. Also worth noting everyone writing code basically has the same job description, so it's not even close to same job same pay.

@roxannlegg750 6 месяцев назад

Not true. Many cases have been settled out of court over this, becasue once it formally goes to court and a decision is reached, it becomes a matter of public record. And of the cases that are threatened to be litigated, most are settled out of court to prevent the employer being exposed for such practices. Do NOT ask me how I know.

@Versudan 6 месяцев назад

@@roxannlegg750 Care to name these cases?

@jamisojo 6 месяцев назад

@@roxannlegg750 nobody is actually preventing those people from talking about what they make. Just ask your co-workers and tell them why you are asking. Many of them will answer. If the company you're working for isn't willing to be a bit transparent about it, go somewhere that doesn't suck. An experienced IT professional can get all kinds of jobs. The world is desperate for those kinds of job skills.

@darthrainbows 6 месяцев назад

I think a major component of the problem with discussions about the gender pay gap like this is that the cold-blooded economics of a factor being "explainable" has absolutely no affect on the emotional impact of the perceived gap. You can tell someone "you earn less than he does and here are all of the reasons why", and give a factually correct explanation, none of which matters to the subject, because what they care about is the paycheck, not an academically satisfying explanation.

@LordOffal 6 месяцев назад

I think you have to be careful about comparing two individuals in an example here as that makes it almost seem like you are comparing two people of the same job which, per hour worked, would be against the law to pay a woman lower than a man in most western countries. It’d be most accurate to say, if you took a sample of over 1000 women and compared them to a cohort of men of the same size why the average wage is lower for women.

@paulomartins1008 6 месяцев назад

Yes, because economics is a dangerous issue to have emotions on.

@TeaRiker 6 месяцев назад

Women work less than men. There's your answer. Women cannot expect same pay when they work less. That "emotional impact" you speak of is nothing more than ideoloical delusion

@Authorityfigures 6 месяцев назад

@@LordOffal It certainly is against the law, but it also certainly happens. Which is the most concerning gender pay gap at all, the one born out of actual prejudice, be it conscious or unconscious.

@TeaRiker 6 месяцев назад

All of this is delusional to begin with. Are you upset because some male colleague you work with earns more than you with no apparant reason? I don't think so. You're upset because you read about the gender pay gap in some feminist blog. You learned the reasons for why the gender pay gap is not about gender discrimination. And now you're upset because you still want the same pay check? You're saying that you accept the explanation, so what do you want?? You always had the same pay check to begin with. Have you not seen the video? Honestly, the more i think about your comment the less sense it makes. When you say that is has an "emotional impact" nevertheless, you sound like some crying child that cannot deal with reality.

@trueblade3636 6 месяцев назад

I think that if people, media and politics also keep the diverse problems that men are facing into account, then I think that there would be less polarisation between men and women

@woodykusaki9970 6 месяцев назад

They won't. I've argued with so many wokes that it's insanely hard for them to comprehend that if we're talking about race, saying anything except white - bad, black - good is racist. If it's gender then saying anything except men - bad, women - good is sexist. Lgbtq, straight males - bad, women and homos - good.

@Mark_Bridges 6 месяцев назад

@@woodykusaki9970 Better for your sanity to stop arguing with such people.

@danguee1 6 месяцев назад

Women hate working outdoors. They prioritise work-life balance over thrusting career ambition. They don't stay late for that crucial commercial delivery deadline. They take fewer risks in terms of career. They focus more on family/kids/holidays while in the workplace. All these things add up to gender differences. But, given that women tend to be rewarded better for the same work in the workplace, the difference is less than it might otherwise be. In all western countries it's illegal to pay men and women differently (though men don't tend to complain if their female colleagues get quicker advancement etc - because they'd have their heads chewed off!).

@Jengordyn 6 месяцев назад

"Okay. Now it's time to put women on the Economics Explained National Leaderboard"

@emman100 6 месяцев назад

I have not laughed this hard all week 🤣🤣🤣😭😭

@CAFFIENEHOUND 6 месяцев назад

The original study showing The Gender Pay gap was "if you compare all men working more that 30 hours per week to all women working more than 30 hours per week, men make more" so it's cool to see someone actually research what is happening and has happened.

@Worsteverything 6 месяцев назад

That’s how a lot of people reported on the data but if you looked at the study yourself you’d see they measured the pay gap in specific industries and found that the gap was there even when both parties were employed in the same position.

@tahmidhossain6349 6 месяцев назад

Hey can anyone give me the link of the research paper she submitted

@ideologybot4592 6 месяцев назад

I'm interested to know her methodology, because my degrees are in history and economics and I've dealt with cliometrics before. It's nearly impossible to figure out any broadly relevant statistics from the sources that are available. I want to know what sources she found to figure all this out, particularly about the agricultural work, because while it's possible that women were sowing fields after plowing, I doubt women were driving the plow oxen, as this required a lot of physical strength and I can't imagine anyone recording that data systematically prior to the mid-1800's. Shared responsibility for a household, including some farm work? Absolutely, and well-known for a very long time, although there's been an assumption that the work was gendered and for good reason. We were taught about the increased gendering of formal labor after the Depression and prior to the seventies fifteen years ago and the research was old then. Likewise, there's nothing new in saying that women taking leave to have children impacts their careers. I appreciate her approach and it does seem to be genuinely even-handed, even refusing to assume nasty things about the industrial sector's motivations like so many feminist papers do. I just didn't really get a sense of what was revolutionary here. Maybe it was a weak year for new findings in economics. I just read a half dozen articles on Google, including from Harvard and the Nobel committee, and it doesn't help much. I'll be looking for the actual paper.

@georglehner407 6 месяцев назад

You have a degree - It shouldn't come as a surprise to you that you should just look at the original work. That being said, she also has a book "Career and Family" that is not a difficult read.

@GoodChoicess 6 месяцев назад

Please let us know if you find out what she actually discovered lol. One thing that I sometimes wonder, is whether or not men and women react differently to having children in regards to their efforts in the workforce. Whether a man or woman works full time, I wonder if men who have kids become more likely to work harder/more in order to better support their families, whereas women tend to put more focus on taking care of their kids via other means. But that's mostly anecdotal. Just a thought, a wonder.

@pkz420 6 месяцев назад

All of your questions are answered if you just looked. It took you more time to write your comment than ot takes to look up her sources.

@ideologybot4592 6 месяцев назад

@@pkz420 you must think I write very, very slowly.

@georglehner407 6 месяцев назад

@@GoodChoicess She goes into this in the book. When a couple has a kid, money becomes an issue. So one of the partners will work more overtime, so the other one can stay more at home. This in turn has the effect that the more-working partner will be more likely to earn promotions. In the long run, it then just makes economic sense for the working partner to work more, while the caring partner does more of the caring. This conundrum even exists within very egalitarian couples - The mother HAS to take time off for biological reasons, the father is more likely to work in better earning fields simply because men are more likely to be in STEM, etc.

@scottanderson691 6 месяцев назад

What nearly all of these studies fail to do is to take the males salary in one of these "traditional relationships" and cut it in half and apply it to both sexes in the relationship. Before my wife started working (and later transitioned to working full time) my salary was divided between us equally. What she said we needed at home WE got. And even now that she's working full time since our kids are in high school, both our salaries go into a single pot and are viewed as a single total income for our family. I don't own anything she can't use and vise versa. And I've never seen a single study that recognizes this reality. A married couple with one spouse working and one spuse being a homemaker doesn't have one spouse with a $0 income. They split the income of the other spouse. To view it in any other way is deceptive and misleading. And it's done for purely ideological purposes, not scientific.

@Mark_Bridges 6 месяцев назад

My wife and I did the same, and have the same opinion, as you. However many couples with children don't run their finances that way - traditionally he earns the money and gives her a weekly 'allowance' for food etc. I know couples that do it this way and it works for them. I suspect you and I are in the minority, and if I'm right that may explain why studies don't take this into account.

@CJBroonie 6 месяцев назад

They don’t take sharing income into account because that isn’t the point, right? The point is women historically have been offered less pay for performing substantially similar jobs as men. It has nothing to do with how one person’s earnings are distributed between spouses.

@jamisojo 6 месяцев назад

@@CJBroonie I don't think that the actual record supports the idea that women are getting paid less for doing the same thing. For example, when Barak Obama repeated the statistic that American women were making 72% of what men make, it was repeating the statistic that simply measured all men's earnings and all women's earnings. Nothing about that took into account whether the person's being measured were doing the same jobs. Or even if they had a job. Therefore, it is not a valid comparison of equality. It just takes total income earned by everyone and divides it by the number of individuals.

@Tekorekore 6 месяцев назад

These days, it has become more common to have couples with separate incomes and bank accounts. Arguably less equal than one person bringing home their collective income. An interesting study for today would be the change from household economies to individual economies.

@jacktaylor9290 6 месяцев назад

If maximising women's output in workforce causes the birthrate to decline then that will cause even greater problems.

@chico9805 6 месяцев назад

This is what people are avoiding. We have to think in terms of what is best for society. Women working, instead of rearing children, is having a disastrous effect.

@ArantyrDarkhand 6 месяцев назад

Females privileges its what cause birthrate decline. Females aways work. IN the older times, they worked from home to support the family etc. The thing is they have so much privileges and so many safe nets, they dont need to be usefull anymore. And contrary to what ppl say to you females are not empathic and like children. When a men gets his financial side right the first thing he want its to make a family, females when tehy get their finances right the first thing they do its BREAK THE FAMILY or dont create a family. They are parasites.

@Mehwhatevr 6 месяцев назад

Nobody should be forced to have children, but governments all over the world are trying to figure out how incentivize us to. How do you morally /ethically make children a useful investment again

@MA-gu2up 6 месяцев назад

@chico9805 Rearing children is also a work that should be valued more. There are bad effects of that, not just in the fertility rate, but also directly on women, I saw research talking about sexual harrassment in the workplace, and to the surprise of the researchers, it was more prevalent in the Australian and Scandinavian countries( economically rich countries which have more women in the workforce). It didn't surprise me much because the workforce is mixed a lot. Working women reported the lowest rates of sexual harrassment in countries that have the least women in the workforce generally, and those countries are economically(GDP per capita) in the lowest ranks. Of course, there are some exceptions of rich countries having few sexual harrassment, and poor countries having high. Generally, a combination of fewer women in the workforce and less GDP per capita gave the lowest rates. The differences were big, 10 times more in the highest countries than in the lowest countries. Of course, there are a lot of differences and confounding factors, but the differences are big.

@rachelpoulos 6 месяцев назад

@@chico9805 I think the follow up question for this is "for who"? Arguably, it was a disastorous effect to limit women's social participation to the nuclear family, causing increased violence for nearly half the population as well as other effects such as increased infidelity amoungst men. When a group does not have the power to act in their own self interest, the misery factor of that group increases. By isolating a group and exploiting their labor for the interest of another, you may see societal benefits if you limit your analysis to just the benefitting group as opposed to the whole society. Additionally, the reductive view of viewing women through a single function which is not an efficient use of their labor over their lifetimes. So the question is, can we have it all? Can we increase public participation of women so they can be empowered to leave nonoptimal situations, but also support increased rearing of children? I think yes. You can increase labor available to raise children by restricting the rights of a group to that single function, but you can also do it by changing labor structures so all parents (men and women) can participate in child rearing.

@bcase5328 6 месяцев назад

Will anyone use this work to compare 20-40 age range to 40-50 age range, to 50-retirement, across gender and race in culture in time frames?

@TheAtlasReview 5 месяцев назад

I admit this was far more thoughtful than I thought it would be. Typically analysis of this phenomenon must be ascribed to discrimination as that is the only viewpoint that won't get you screamed at.

@johnbatson8779 6 месяцев назад

All through my STEMS career of 40 years I have never witnessed a gender pay gap with my employees and or peer group. It was always based on meritocracy and a person’s ability to add value

@vernfeufel1462 6 месяцев назад

"The societal expectation that all women are ticking time bombs just waiting to explode with a baby." Made my day! But I appreciate the informational content even more. Thanks for the video!!

@mattias5157 6 месяцев назад

Women are not as productive a men. Because they don´t focus on productivity as much as men generally do.

@lhourigan1 6 месяцев назад

It was edifying to hear that the presentation had to be prefaced with a call to not react emotionally but as a dispassionate labor issue.

@pasanjayawickrema819 6 месяцев назад

didnt know there was a 'Common Sense' category for Nobel prize

@dexzero 6 месяцев назад

Thank god, i was looking for a video explaining this. I don´t know why major media outlets aren´t going deep into this her research /sarcasm.

@nikoladd 6 месяцев назад

The "rate of Swedish Krona" was masterful trolling .. on certain narratives. Thanks for the great explanation of Goldin's work. Her work seems to give pretty good explanation on a lot of questions on the topic. which means that of course ideologists will ignore it.

@GameJam230 6 месяцев назад

5:21 Why is there conveniently no data in all of Canada? We literally have laws here that are designed to prevent workplace discrimination on the basis of gender and race, and you're telling me that there's simply NO data showing whether or not they have been effective compared to other places which have those laws to a lesser or non-existent extent? Or, IS there data, and it was conveniently excluded to skew a result? I just kinda find it hard to believe that the country that everyone in the US regards as "the most equal and accommodating one" when complaining about their own systems, and the country that even prides ITSELF on being such, has produced NO data whatsoever about what it's actually like here.

@MrElitaba 6 месяцев назад

The adults have finally entered the conversation.

@trueblade3636 6 месяцев назад

Positive discrimination is still discrimination

@danielwebb8402 6 месяцев назад

Its not an emotional topic. You just need a basic regression analysis to disprove it. All first year maths under grads can do it. Accepting the results is an emotional topic for some. E.g. you should include commute as a variate.

@Paul-ex9pb 6 месяцев назад

Where's my prize? I came to that conclusion immediately...

@lumkaze2000 6 месяцев назад

Well done covering this topic👏

@mattolivier1835 6 месяцев назад

Not really. Could have been better.

@ivanandreevich8568 6 месяцев назад

Thomas Sowell comprehensively discussed this 40 years ago with full backing from data. You did not address career choice here. Women enter some very highly paid professions at much lower rates than men such as engineering and computer science. There are just far less of them with that particular psychological affinity at the tail end of the bell curve.

@the_expidition427 6 месяцев назад

That is what cause a Google staff member to go into the past present being employed club

@Zimfier3 6 месяцев назад

Yeah, but, it's more important because she has full data to back her up and he didn't. Plus he's black.

@TheMohawkNinja 6 месяцев назад

Glad to see her work more or less came to the same conclusion that all of my research has. That being, if you just look at the net average, there is definitely a gap. Yet, once you look at the details and context of where the gap comes from, it all makes perfect sense. No discrimination, just circumstance.

@alexpotts6520 6 месяцев назад

Well, it depends. Yes, it's clear that women make different choices to men and that can account for the gap - but what causes those different choices? I can still see plausible biological and social-constructionist explanations for this, and truth is probably somewhere in between.

@TheMohawkNinja 6 месяцев назад

@@alexpotts6520 Maybe, but how much does it matter at the end of the day? Women are now better educated than men, and some studies have actually found that (likely because of this) the gender pay gap is reversed in some job sectors. There are so many potential reasons for the "why" that even if it was 100% the product of social forces, would it even be worth undoing when the gender pay gap disappears after all variables are taken into account?

@peteranon8455 6 месяцев назад

@@TheMohawkNinja Yes, it would. We cannot simply ignore things because it is convenient to do so. We have to get women into the mines to work double shifts!

@mikariekki5708 6 месяцев назад

I seem to remember, that women were initially paid less in "mens work" after ww2, because they usually didn't have to solely rely on the money, where as most men who worked in a factory, had a family they needed to support.

@JSCDofGB 6 месяцев назад

Your videos are always outstanding.

@user-up8pd6id9s 6 месяцев назад

Feel like the best part of this research was to show people who had any doubt what most people figured out with common sense when this whole "debate" became a mainstream talking point

@nicodives1974 6 месяцев назад

The debate, if there was any, was made clear in the 60's by a feminist. What she discovered was what this researcher did, there is no real discrimnation on basis of gender. Its all about pesonal choice.

@nicodives1974 6 месяцев назад

I remember an interview by thomas sowell, in the 80's when they tried to rebrand the same issue but with blacks. He made the research and discovered that blacks that work the same hours and have similar education, etc... earn more than whites. And women that dont have kids and never marry earn SIGNIFICALLY more than men that work same hours, have same education and seniority.

@urmother212 6 месяцев назад

@@nicodives1974no, that’s not what they said, they said that the threat of a woman having a child - even if they never end up having one - meant that women were not promoted and relegated to less important and worse paid jobs because if they had a child they believed they wouldn’t be able to focus so much on the company and have less economic output.

@nicodives1974 6 месяцев назад

@@urmother212 You are nitpicking something from this video, look out women that never marry and didnt had children vs men. And it wasnt because "they believed" anything. Even till this day alot of women get to a point that they choice family over career. Every high paying position its an investment for a company that carries over time, if the employee is going to quit midway, its not worth it. Its a hard biological reality, but it is what it is. If we are going to try to create safeguards and advantages so women can try to balance both and doesnt hurt the output, thats fine, we absolutly need babies so more power to them. But lets not pretend that men just did it out of spite or that there was always the means to do this and men just refused to do it out of malice.

@olgajoachimosmundsen4647 6 месяцев назад

People who have huge problems with the gap should first of all study how men and women choose different things. After that there's room for a serious discussion.

@jt1559 6 месяцев назад

And men often choose dangerous things working outside in the elements, and often away from home, and men make up over 90% of workplace deaths. These jobs need to be done and the incentive is higher danger pay.

@juegapapa4300 6 месяцев назад

It always catches my attention the cowboy in the international meeting

@user-rg5xo3ek3g 6 месяцев назад

No way I’m having two ads shoved down my throat and then immediately being dumped into another one in the actual video.

@mrmeldrew693 6 месяцев назад

My wife works about 16 hours a week around the kids. I work around 60 hours to support them. Waaahhh....patriarchy.

@mantasr 6 месяцев назад

Whatever even saying that women give birth and breastfeed and have maternal instincts is contraversial nowadays.

@ray_99 6 месяцев назад

If you bothered going outside you would see that it’s really not

@chiquita683 6 месяцев назад

What is a woman?

@purpledevilr7463 6 месяцев назад

⁠@@ray_99most people don’t go out nowadays. They don’t have the money and/or time for outings.

@Austin-fc5gs 6 месяцев назад

controversial*

@Dumbwaytodie3920 6 месяцев назад

@@purpledevilr7463 lol

@openwater4897 6 месяцев назад

Current big corporate companies exclude young men from getting access to free leadership courses and women only support events, not to mention women in leadership quotas. Its sexist yet said to be inclusive.

@angelantayhua3096 6 месяцев назад

Because men need it?

@ffff7164 6 месяцев назад

@@angelantayhua3096 No one "need" to be CEOs, that's ridiculous.

@jonwalter6317 5 месяцев назад

So she got a Nobel Prize for telling us facts we already knew. Good on her!

@Rotting12 5 месяцев назад

Just because you knew not everyone else did

@RuthvenMurgatroyd 4 месяца назад

If it shuts ignorant people up once and for all she deserves it 😂

@n00bnetrum 6 месяцев назад

A video about this where I didn't even get mad, good job EE team! Still, this video doesn't address the big issue with the "gender pay gap" stuff. If a company could get the same output from a female worker as a male worker for less money, then any company hiring male workers would get priced out of the economy and replaced by female only company. Why do any men have jobs at all in this scenario?

@cmleibenguth 6 месяцев назад

The implication is such a deep ingrained hatred of women that they hire men anyway An irrational implication over a rational conclusion --- it's that people chose different things

@sonofben3322 6 месяцев назад

that company would probably be sued to bankruptcy

@jcorey333 6 месяцев назад

This is actually a reasonable and nuance to take on the gender pay gap. I didn't know those existed.

@fred6907 6 месяцев назад

Oh they do. But they are stuffed into a drawer in most media outlets. Can't have anything get in the way of the "narrative" you know.

@JimNZ 6 месяцев назад

Summary (as I understood): * Pay gap will always exist * Assigning quotas for gender is a bad idea * What women need (or any caregiver) is a work culture with more understanding Added conclusion (as I felt this video needed one): "A practical takeaway from Goldin’s research is that gender gaps in economic outcomes can’t be merely attributed to women’s “choices” or “preferences”. Her comprehensive account of women’s experiences shows these gender gaps arise from an interplay of wider factors; among them, societal norms, technological breakthroughs, institutional structures, and policy settings that push or pull women’s workforce participation in different directions."

@armorbearer9702 6 месяцев назад

So should companies implement new technology once per year in order to brace for the changes the new technology brings?

@JohannaDotson2467 6 месяцев назад

“Mandating businesses to hire based off of meeting certain gender/race quotas ends up being bad for everyone.” - Americans over here with Affirmative Action…..

@mrnoedahl 6 месяцев назад

Men and women are made differently; physically, mentally and socially. Because they have different roles both in society and in the family. Which has been accepted throughout history, for the most part. But now most jobs do not require physical exertion because we have machines to do the dirty work. So now in the workplace men and women can both do the job. But in the family nothing has changed. Women Still have babies and are much better at nurturing them. And men are better at fixing and repairing the home and vehicle’s. Certain people in society do not like these differences and are attempting to eliminate them all together. This is what is really behind all this nonsense. Men and women are equal in importance but not in function. In a car you have the wheels and an engine. Which one is more important?

@Mark_Bridges 6 месяцев назад

Agree 100%.

@Inglip 6 месяцев назад

Can you do a video on Georgism, please?

@APar2008 5 месяцев назад

These papers refuse to take Into account years of experience, job choice and hours worked.

@lberhold 6 месяцев назад

Gender and race quotas today (most large corporations) are a race to mediocrity. To fill the quotas, corporations hire under qualified persons, and those individuals miss the mark, drastically. This creates a feeling of complacency, because under qualified individuals who shouldn't be managers become managers, and they don't motivate their team well. This problem will compound till productivity becomes so low that it prevents profitability.

@wise5674 6 месяцев назад

Do you have any evidence that this is happening?

@yoouu4168 6 месяцев назад

@@wise5674 blizzard

@GiRR007 6 месяцев назад

@@wise5674affirmative action.

@chico9805 6 месяцев назад

@@wise5674 Environmental, social and corporate governance - (ESG).

@xiphoid2011 6 месяцев назад

While I'm against any kind of quotas, I don't think that's the cause for mediocrity. Companies tend to promote good workers, but a good worker doesn't mean they are also a good manager, or then onto a good director, or VP, or CEO... Eventually they are promoted to the first level they are NOT good at and become stuck there. That's why people may think company promote mediocrity, but it's not really the case.

@Snoop_Dugg 6 месяцев назад

This was very well presented and balanced.

@tomhenderson7972 24 дня назад

I worked as a truck driver, where I worked one week and off the next. For about 10 years, my partner was a woman. She drove when I was off. On average, I drove 300 to 500 miles a week more than She did, and since we were paid by the mile, I made more than She did. We had about 10 women in that location, and the difference was about the same for all of the teams that had women. No one could ever explain why. We had the same job and the same pay, but I made more money than She did because I drove more miles.