Greetings, today I propose to return to a more distant past, namely to the settlement of Europe by people of modern anatomy. This is a kind of addition to the previous video about Cro-Magnons.
The transition between the Middle and Upper Paleolithic in Europe, which began about 47 thousand years ago, coincided with the spread of modern humans and the disappearance of the Neanderthals about 40 thousand years ago. Analysis of the genomes of Neanderthals and modern humans showed that the flow of genes between them took place about 60-50 thousand years ago, probably in South-West Asia. However, at the moment there is not much information about the earliest anatomically modern people of Eurasia, who lived more than 40 thousand years ago, and about their interaction with ancient populations, as well as their contribution to modern ones. For example, a representative of the Romanian cave Peshtera-ku-Oase - Oase 1, aged from 37 to 42 thousand years, and the Ust-Ishim man, about 45 thousand years old, do not demonstrate genetic links with subsequent Eurasian populations, in contrast to humans from Tianyuan Caves, not far from Beijing, about 40 thousand years old, which has contributed to the genetic lineage of ancient and modern East Asian populations. It is also interesting how intensely modern humans mixed with Neanderthals when they settled in Europe and Asia. Direct evidence of recent interbreeding with Neanderthals, about 4-6 generations earlier, exists only for the Cro-Magnon Oase 1. In this regard, the general genomic data, from a new work, of the ancient inhabitants of the Bacho Kiro cave in Bulgaria, with a maximum age between 46 and 43, are of particular interest. thousand years.
#anthropology #history #archeology #science #genetics #paleogenetics #DNA
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Sources:
1. Haydinjak, M., Mafessoni, F., Skov, L. et al. The first people of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe had a recent Neanderthal origin. Nature 592, 253-257 (2021). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03...
2. Prüfer, K., Posth, C., Y., H. et al. Genome sequence of a modern human skull over 45,000 years old from Zlati-kun in the Czech Republic. Nat Ecol Evol (2021). doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01...
3. Stansfield, E., Mitteroecker P., Vasiliev S. Yu. Et al. Respiratory adaptation to climate in modern humans and humans of the Upper Paleolithic from Sungir and Mladich. Sci Rep 11, 7997 (2021). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86...
Supporting materials:
commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=(number from the list)
Ivanka Yordanova - CC BY-SA 4.0, 43852061, 43852058
Wolfgang Sauber-CC BY-SA 4.0, 45114124, 45131357
Neanderthal Museum, Mettmann-Pressbilder Neanderthal Museum, Mettmann, neanderthal.de/de/urmenschen.html, CC BY-SA 4.0, 94895245, 94895240
Fährtenleser - CC BY-SA 4.0, 94838248
Trunyuf (Benoit Brummer) - CC BY-SA 4.0, 94785006
Huhulenik - CC 3.0, 15180113, 15179954
ŠJů, CC BY-SA 3.0, 25699442, 25699418
Thomas Vogt flickr.com/photos/66451944@N03/29431136748/
30 апр 2021
