The early history of the Parthenon, the Acropolis and the Agora of Ancient Athens is a rich one, with numerous periods of building and construction. The term Agora in Greek means an ‘open place of assembly’ which was exactly its purpose in the ancient world. It was an open space where free-born citizens could gather and hear announcements, discuss politics, or assemble men for military campaigns. Although the Athenian Agora is the best known Agora from the ancient world, the term was used in other Greek states for their public spaces where merchants had shops, events were discussed, and craftspeople sold their goods. The Athenian agora was located below the Acropolis near the Temple of Hephaestus, and due to the political discussions that took place there, the agora of Athens is often referenced as the birthplace of democracy.
Generally speaking, any citadel or complex built on a high hill is an Acropolis, but the most famous one is the Acropolis of Athens. You would enter the Acropolis complex through a monumental Doric gate known as the Propylais, and on the right was a small Temple to Athena Nike. This was the smallest of the Acropolis temples but was one of the most impressive with its ornately carved reliefs of Athena and Nike, goddess of victory.
It was during the rebuilding of Athens under Pericles that the Parthenon was conceived of, and it was under the direction of the sculptor Phidias in the second half of the fifth century that the Propylaea, the Temple of Athena Nike, the Erechtheion, and the Parthenon were built. The main doors of the temple were made out of gold, bronze, and ivory and when you entered, you were met with a twelve-metre high, colossal statue of Athena, the Athena Parthenos, made of gold and ivory around a wooden centre.
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- CHAPTERS -
0:00 Introduction
1:17 The Ancient Athenian Agora
5:02 The Ancient Athenian Acropolis
8:50 The Parthenon of Athens
12:14 Outro
- WANT TO KNOW MORE? -
Parthenon www.worldhistory.org/parthenon/
The Parthenon Scultpures www.worldhistory.org/article/...
Acropolis www.worldhistory.org/Acropolis/
Athena Parthenos by Phidias www.worldhistory.org/article/...
Phidias www.worldhistory.org/Phidias/
Agora www.worldhistory.org/agora/
Pericles & the Restoration of the Athenian Agora www.worldhistory.org/article/...
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1 июн 2024
