Hmmm and it would be driving itself too, no car insurance, no tickets for texting and driving. No garbage truck drivers, no postal truck drivers, no pizza delivery drivers, etc.
4D printing is a good idea. That's taking scam to the next level. "Didn't receive our product? Well, did you look in the fourth dimention?" We don't even have 3D-printers yet, much less 4D.
The first thing that popped into my mind was a space ship loaded with millimeter thick sheets that when laid out on the Moon, Mars or in space could, when activated transform themselves into habitable structures.
Yavuz Ekim Bovkır oh god, mine does the same thing. I knew there was something sketchy going on here. My cables are attempting to create themselves in 4d.
I shared this to my oral expression students as a counter-example of a good presentation. This guy talks about a fascinating subject, but exhibits such stoicism and lack of passion with regards to his presentation that it feels like he lost the bet on "who will do the presenting"
jean-gobert de coster He must have had a bet going with his friends about how many times he could use "this is" in 40 seconds. 6 times probably would win that bet. One of the worst presentations, and presenter, that I've seen.
I think it depends on your background. If you are engineering/handyman based this is quite interesting because you are going through concepts in your mind and the possibilities they entail.
It seems people are confusing 4 dimensions with the proposed "4th dimension." You can program 2 dimensional arrays... 3 dimensional arrays... OR TEN dimensional arrays. You can even program 500 dimensional arrays. That must blow some of your minds.
+sentdex Arrays really aren't hard to understand when you get down to it from a simple computer science standpoint. A 1 dimensional array is an array, a "single line" of elements. A 2d array is an ARRAY containing an Array. That basically every element of the first 1D array, contains another 1D array. Same process continues. A 3d array is an array containing an array which in turn contains the final array. Anything beyond 3D/4D is hard to visualize or impossible, yes. But you basically extend the concept of arrays containing arrays. Not really mind blowing, just a simple concept.
This guy is like me when I was in high school turning in an essay. I had a great title with neat font, lots of colors, neat transparent folder to tuck my essay into but then I get a D+ for content and not citing sources.
Those two problems actually can be solved easily, if anyone had taught you how. 1) Any time you are doing student or professional reading, key in or write out the interesting quotes along with the citation. 2) Maintain an ongoing bibliography of stuff you are reading. Then when you go for your degree or graduated degree you will already have 2/3 of the classwork already completed. Academic papers average 3 quotes per page. 3) START you essay by selecting a string of quotes that flow from one to the next harmoniously before you ever add a word of your own. 5). Dump your ideas into those containers, and you have the problems managed. You had the ideas all the time. Nobody had taught you a method/of rocesd for organizing and displaying them. The challenge when writing an essay is that you have to have a process for excluding infinity. The problem isn't getting enough to say but in figuring out what to exclude. 4). Learn 'rhetorical modes.'. The complete list of them included 9. Write the introduction last as a summary of what you have written and shape the summary as a definition paragraph or section. Write the conclusion as a persuasive paragraph or section. In a thesis it dissertation, include a section/chapter in each rhetorical mode in order to get the required length, unless some other structure becomes obvious to you.
I can see this being used to manufacture emergency rafts for ships. You could have a whole fleet of folded rafts that are compact to store and take their shape when in contact with water.
Yeah, a dimension refers to any parameter of a body that is associated with a particular state of a body. That means if I change any parameter that causes a change in the object, then that parameter is a dimension. In physics, if you go down to the very basics, you can change only 4 things, 3 positions and 1 time. But according to string theory the strings also have additional states that are not related to these 4 dimensions and thus they have some additional dimensions.
he raises a valid point. before the candle maker could learn to make light bulbs, here they would learn the new job of creating self replicating objects, a job they would lose after the first one was made.
Minutephysic's channel did a great video on dimensions. Basically, what they said was that a dimension is simply a parameter with which matter can be described. 1D, 2D, 3D and 4D simply describe the numbers of parameters matter has, but none of them specifically refer to any parameter. For example everything in our universe consists of 3 spacial dimensions and 1 time dimension (pretty much). Time isn't THE 4th dimension, but it is one of the four parameters of a 4D system. Hope that helps. :)
Using 4D to describe this does two things; allows for a different take on the concept and also using the debate to draw attention to the new concept. Nice presentation.
Brilliant but....pipelines - so would the pipe diameter increase with flow demand? Problems - clashes with other services like electricity or sewerage after expansion, weaker pipe due to expansion but increase in forces due to flow increase. Flow is dependant on the storm intensity and sometimes pit inlet surcharge is intentional for stormwater design, for example a q100 (1 in 100 year storm event), where hydrology becomes more important than hydraulics. Would the pipe attempt to correct itself outside of design parameters? From a geotechnical standpoint how would this effect topography? What happens to the extra volume of dirt once a pipe increases in diameter? How would an increase in pipe size upstream effect smaller downstream pipes given the variance of rainfall within different catchment areas? If constructed in upper parts of the catchments, the entire downstream would also need replacing (catchments are considered during design for both major and minor stormwater events), and pipe sizing is well thought out and crucial to avoid property damage, flooding and personal injuries. Water pipelines - always under pressure (hydraulic grade line is higher than top of pipe and does not rely on gravity). If pipe size increases, so does volume and capacity - however, incresing pipe diameter decreases in a lower pressure in the system that will not only effect both commercial and residential property water supply but also could reduce pressure to hydrants the is crucial in emergency situations for fire fighters. Food for thought anyways.
Thank you! This is not very widely-known information, and it's refreshing to see it stated so clearly. There's a lot of confusion about this all over youtube. I think there are more comments on this video about the presenter's interpretation of "dimensions" than about the actual technology he's talking about. Simply put, he's talking about printing objects using all four dimensions, the three spacial dimensions AND the time dimension. Quite interesting, really.
Self assembly and self organizing is not the function of a printer, so it is silly to call it 4D printing. I can already print a clock with moving parts, but does the fact that the clock changes its state over time make it a 4D print? No. 3D printers just product static parts, and what those parts do after they have been printed is not a function of the printer itself. Nature is already doing self assembly and the field of nano technology has been studying this kind of thing for decades. Trying to put a new nonsensical label on an old concept does not make it an "emerging" technology.
pyronaught the trick is that you cant 3d print a clock that works off the platform. you still have to add a battery - or some other form of energy. the catch 22 here is energy. it doesnt matter if the energy is a battery - or a person assembling a spring mechanism etc etc - because there is still a person somewhere doing to work to create that energy.
Consider what the term "printer" would have meant to someone in the 12th or 13th century. "Printing" is, in that sense, a kind of allegory. Another use of the term is the phenomenon produced of an object under a cloak, in which the shape of the object is revealed by the draping of the cloak. This is literally called "printing." Now, what did Gutenberg's device do besides producing books much faster and in much greater quantity than a scriptorium? If you don't get the sense of what that question means then, well... you've missed the point. Indeed you've missed both the point of view, and the vanishing point... and pretty much everything in between.
Snake oil. Hate it. This is the perspective of somebody who has nooo clue how manufacturing works. He's claiming these are self organizing systems, however the problem is they are printed assembled and he is just dis assembling them and watching them re assemble. They aren't actually self assembling at all. The "ball in jar" device is a 3d puzzle with magnets attached. Like I said. Snake Oil. The idea is the easy part. The creation is not.
But in all seriousness you are missing the point. All innovation is done piece by piece. You dont just come up with crazy complex functional ideas right away. You start with experimenting and learning. This is obviously the very esrly stages. But I bet ull be eating your words in a decade
atomgonuclear lol. You're the same people who were like "WHY ARE WE EVEN MAKING SPACESHIPS TO GO TO THE MOON!" back in the day. You clearly have no understanding of how science develops. What snake oil is he selling? He's talking about a new emerging technology. You are just someone with no vision. He never said it would be available tomorrow lol......
Lain Kenna Are you kidding me? I believe that innovation starts at the lowest levels. However I call this snake oil because the guy is selling an idea that is backwards. He's trying to call his research "self assembly", however it's not. It's not even close. He's repackaging old ideas and calling them something else. It's not self assembly if you have to build it assembled and then disassemble it later. That's why I don't like him.
To start with, a lot more. That would decrease over time as manufacturing, engineers, and programmers got used to the concepts demonstrated in the drawings. The thing is, most modern systems don't have drawings to explain how screws works. There is accepted short-hand, just show where they go and how many you need. Even then, a new screw or one that has a non-standard use, it gets a page all on its own or an exploded diagram showing the use.
If you consider time a dimension, an object that changes shape over time is 4D. However, using this definition, many of the objects we normally consider 3D are in fact 4D.
I nearly died inside when he referred to a piece of paper as a 2d object. My middle finger has 17.6 dimensions of FUCK OFF attached to it. It does, because I said it does.
One major obstacle I'm curious to see how they're going to overcome is how to control these transformations more. For example, the string seemed to transform from straight string to MIT with a touch, and keeping it at the MIT form seemed simple enough but what if one wanted to keep it in its string form?
Rubber bands, magnets, and strings that shrink when they get wet is not revolutionary, or even evolutionary. This is carnival side-show snake oil. Nature self assembles and replicates things at a molecular level. That is light-years in complexity beyond the chintzy novelty store toys this guy is making.
Lol, any good invention follows said natural processes, listen again because that's what they are doing. Though I concede that what they are attempting is mimicry and not nearly as complex as natural processes, though I personally believe this is a step in the right direction.
So, you mean to tell me that you are all about the maker movement, but you are developing 4d printing with Stratasys?!?! So, that means that once 4d printing is in a stage that 3d printing was about 10 years ago, Stratasys is going to patent and sue anyone who uses 4d printing without paying them royalties! Shame on you. You are such a hypocrite. These kind of laws need to change. Stratasys should not be able to patent something they do not even know how to make. At this point I could go and file a patent that says I own the right to a hologram that involves light. I don't know how to make it, but I have a patent. That's ridiculous and absurd. I really feel bad for Bre Petis (sort of), he had this company with so much potential and a maker following and then he sold out to Stratasys. makerbot then went on the become closed source and closed hardware, dare I mention the makerbot 5th gen or Z18? Some of the worst printers on the market with their SmartExtruder which is probably the dumbest thing I've ever seen.... I'll end it here by saying "Think about who you are working with and how they will affect the side you claim to be on..."
It would be cool if there were a material that could change it's Young's Modulus based off some transient input. Kinda like piezocrystals, but with the change being permanent.
i think he is speaking of 4D as time, and he is "printing" not just for "one" time but he is designing stuff with shapes over an interval of time, in some sense printing in 4D
Can titanium change shapes at will when you add a bit of water, heat or sound? Can entire buildings build themselves? Can water pipes expand and contract at will depending on how much water is flowing through? But you're right this definitely isn't anything new.
I have a hunch that it's not "little" energy as I would assume it to be quite inefficient (working with random forces or energy transferred through the whole surface).
You're implying that he means spacial dimensions. He's talking about making printers that will construct a 3D model (three spacial dimensions) that will change in a pre-arranged way over time (a spacial dimension) to either form a more complex shape, or to constantly change in reaction to its surroundings. Three spacial dimensions + one time dimension = four overall dimensions.
This guy breezes over the fact that self assembly is and always will have unpredictable results. Assembly time, final quality, and total throughput are effected by unpredictable, and often chaotic environmental influences. A classic example of this is cancer. While the majority of the cells are formed at a healthy and controlled rate, random mutations cause the cells to multiply beyond the set quota. The result is malformed, nonfunctional cells, massing together and eventually destroying the organism. Human interaction along every aspect of assembly controls the variables and thereby controls the final product. This is why even "fully automated" factories require constant human recalibration of the robots and human monitoring of the production process. electronics are exposed to radio interference, power surges, software viruses, unpredictable mechanical failures and anomalies beyond our control. Constant adjustments must be made in order to counter these negative factors. For instance; if you send materials to Mars that should self assemble into a habitat, it would encounter countless variables. Temperature, friction, static electricity, gravity, moisture, pressure, axial rotation, radiation, etc... All of these things are unpredictable, and would require constant adjustment to the manufacturing process. It's pretty sad this guy has a funded laboratory at MIT when the theory is heavily flawed.
it's still assembled like screws and nuts, but on a scale never before even thought of and in ways unimaginable before... self assembling, changing shapes for different functions on a nano scale.We don't realize the implications of this.When he started talking about the expanding and contracting pipes a light bulb went off in my head.They will soon be capable of creating synthetic life on a scale that biology can't. If they are giving this info to public, guarantee R&D by govt. has perfected it
That sounds very useful if they can get the cost right down for normal use. I liked the space scenario though, large structures could be made to fit into more transportable shapes and deployed in space with no humans needed in a relatively cheap single-use rocket. Just needs to be very reliable.
I like the concepts like undulating pipes, but it's seems like adapting the world to a technology which my be MORE expensive than our current methods will be near impossible.
in thinking about projects in space, we should begin to think about a scale larger than human scale; building objects that are to ourselves as we are to nano scale constructions and life forms. possible applications could include artificial planetary rings, moons, macro scale telescopic arrays, and particle accelerators too large to fit reasonably on the surface of a planet.
The 4th dimension is time, and the things he talks about utilize that: change. The 4th dimension is not a physical one, like height or width, but a relational one involving a series of events described by a physical object. All the people that are saying this isn't 4D should explain what they think it is, what IS the 4th D??
I look forward to the day when I can change a car style to a profile I wanted. Ie: I log in to a website with my car style saved, click "Use my Style". And the car transforms in to my style. :-) Same with my house. So I can move any where and have my house just about anywhere in the world. Now that would make it easier to move house... or even change my house. Obviously this would be limited to space, and I am not sure how maintenance would happen. But you get the idea. :-)
I think their idea of "dimensions" is just a phrase to convey the idea of different systems/structures. e.g. linear/straight systems to branched/complex systems. In fact, 1D, 2D and don't exist at all. They don't exist in the third dimension because that would skew gravity (less dimension creates lighter attraction...don't cite this btw), throwing earth off course, into space or into the sun.
I'd say that we can already "print" medicine. We can already synthesize compounds for medicines fairly easily so I don't think a "printer" would actually be of much worth.
7:20 starting the presentation i just imagine a pipe for the exhaust of cars that adapts to heat and airflow, changing from straight pipe to helix, or the x pattern to h pattern it woud make more eficiient all kind of ICE cars
Actually, when it comes to human comprehension, time is the 4th dimension. Feel isn't a dimension at all. Within physics there is no "4th" dimension, there are just multiple dimensions, and depending on what you are doing, any of the existing dimensions could be the 4th, an x value if you will for a math equation. Most commonly, for publicly recognized articles, it is either time or a 4th spacial dimension, because the average person can't understand even that accurately. We are stupid, haha
He is appealing to the commonly-held, though incorrect, assumption that the fourth dimension is time. When he says 4D, he is talking about four dimensions, not the fourth dimension. 4D in this case means three spacial dimensions and one time dimension. I think it's pretty clear he's using 4D to reference three-dimensional objects that change shape over time. You know what he means. Please don't hate on him for no reason.
Smart materials have been there since past 50 years. Shape memory alloys and self healing materials are old. Martensitic to Austentite transformation make self assembled structures possible.
In as much as 3D printing isn't printing at all, since printing relates solely to words, symbols, etc. in paper form, and the art and act thereof. "3D fabrication" didn't have that layman's ring to it, and it somewhat approximated the process of printing, so they slapped that word in there. "4D" in this sense seems to relate to the fact that 3-dimensional materials self-assemble from their original state over space-time, hence 4-dimensional.
So 5-D printing would be objects that reshape, or self-assemble over time along with also creating duplicates that range every design mathematically probable. In other words grey Nanobot printing goo that never stops replicating until the world is destroyed. LOL!
Mystic Investigations dude just wanted to sound smart. I don't think that they have a clue what 4d and 5d actually is. Right now it's a concept that science fiction writers dream about. We can only see in 3 dimensions. Time and space are relative in more ways than building asexual transformers if we want to look past the limitations of the senses.
