The Evolution of the Brain

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The evolution of the brain began in relatively simple creatures, possibly for the purpose of coordinating digestion and other basic physiological processes. Hundreds of millions of years later, the brain evolved into the modern versions we see across the animal kingdom today. Scientists believe that humans and all other mammals evolved from fish, so by looking at the differences between human and fish brains, we can infer some of the evolutionary changes that occurred over those ~370 million years. Much of what makes our human brains unique appears to be in the cerebral cortex, though other brain structures are no doubt important in what makes us human. Finally, many of the quirks of our behavior and mental life, especially those surrounding sex and sex differences, can be explained partly by our evolutionary history.
This video is a brief exploration of brain evolution. It addresses questions like, Why did the brain evolve? How did the brain change over evolutionary time? What makes the human brain unique? And what vestiges of evolution remain hidden in our modern minds?
However, this video is ultimately incomplete. There are so many aspects of both brain and human evolution that I did not mention here or which I did not cover in detail. If you want to know more about this topic, I encourage you to check out the books, articles, and studies cited below.
Need a quick primer on how evolution works? Check out this video: • Evolution
Chapters:
00:00 The evolution of the brain began in creatures with simple nervous systems
01:21 Bodies evolved before brains, according to The Strange Order of Things, by Antonio Damasio
02:03 The first brains were like the enteric nervous system
02:30 Cnidarian nerve nets
03:00 Taylor Guthrie’s “Cellular Republic”
04:19 Comparing the brains of various species to human brains
05:13 Subcortical brain structures evolved before the cerebral cortex
05:44 Cortical columns in the neocortex and intelligence
06:40 Executive functions of the prefrontal cortex
07:25 David Badre on the evolution of cognitive control
09:27 The human brain is functionally holistic
09:50 Mark Humphries on the function of the cerebral cortex
11:48 Evolutionary psychology - examples of sex differences
14:18 The evolution of mental illness according to Bret Stetka
15:27 Conclusion and caveats
15:53 Thank you! Please like and subscribe!
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References:
1. Damasio, A. (2019). The strange order of things: Life, feeling, and the making of cultures. Vintage.
2. Arendt, D., Tosches, M. & Marlow, H. From nerve net to nerve ring, nerve cord and brain - evolution of the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 17, 61-72 (2016). doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2015.15
3. Dawkins, R. (2004). The Ancestors Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Evolution. Houghton Mifflin.
4. Gafurov, D., & Gafurov, O. (2016). In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 79, p. 01086). EDP Sciences.
5. Hawkins, J. (2021). A thousand brains: A new theory of intelligence. Basic Books.
6. Preuss, T. M., & Wise, S. P. (2022). Evolution of prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology, 47(1), 3-19.v
7. Goetz, S. M., Weisfeld, G. Z., & Zilioli, S. (2019). Reproductive behavior in the human male. The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology and Behavioral Endocrinology, 125-141.
8. Clutton-Brock, T. (2007). Sexual selection in males and females. Science, 318(5858), 1882-1885.
9. Stetka, B. (2021). A History of the Human Brain: From the Sea Sponge to CRISPR, how Our Brain Evolved. Timber Press.
10. Andrews, P. W., & Durisko, Z. (2017). The evolution of depressive phenotypes. The Oxford handbook of mood disorders, 24-36.
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All 3D brain animations credit: Copyright © Society for Neuroscience (2017). Users may copy images and text, but must provide attribution to the Society for Neuroscience if an image and/or text is transmitted to another party, or if an image and/or text is used or cited in User’s work.
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#howthebrainevolved #evolutionofthehumanbrain #howthebrainworks

Опубликовано:

15 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 244

@senseofmindshow 9 месяцев назад

⚠ CORRECTION!!! In this video, I said "this video is brought to you by the Diamond Mind Foundation." Well, as of December 2022, that is no longer the case. Sense of Mind is now 100% dependent on viewers like you. So if you value this content, please go to www.patreon.com/senseofmind. For less than $5 a month, you'll get exclusive content and the satisfaction of knowing you're helping to keep Sense of Mind alive! 🧠

@ravencroft99 5 месяцев назад

What ions does the brain use? Are these types of ions naturally occurring outside of the brain?

@bradfordlangston836 2 месяца назад

@@ravencroft99Sodium, Chloride, Potassium and Calcium mainly

@kx4532 Месяц назад

Some things are hypotheses. What are you going to evolve a brain in the lab. It takes a billion years.

@ossiedunstan4419 13 дней назад

And here is the only reason you do this, Money over truth. Bet your an American and vote for trump.

@thecellularrepublic9844 2 года назад

I'm slightly embarrassed.. Just wanted to correct myself and clarify that I mentioned in my clip that the Locus Coeruleus was the brain region in the midbrain responsible for orienting us to danger and it is actually the Superior Colliculus. Just wanted to make sure I set the record straight!

@senseofmindshow 2 года назад

That’s good to note! Thanks for the correction, Taylor!

@sezan7589 6 месяцев назад

This channel is dedicated to making neuroscience and psychology clear and simple. Immediately subscribed!

@zacharytrosch9554 Год назад

Hey man, this channel is going to go very far if you keep presenting information in this way. Your ideas are so well thought through and presented that makes understanding easy. Your ideas are thoughtful and interesting. Keep up the good work.

@sujalkubde8417 Год назад

Development is a key to success.

@thaisplouvier5403 Год назад

0:15 Brain originally used probably to coordinate organs 1:30 bodys preceed the brains 5:00 brain stem = oldest part of the brain 6:45 PFC is especially developed in humans. It's what allows us to engage in cognitive control, executive functions. Translate intentions and goals into action.

@theflaggeddragon9472 21 день назад

Mammals did not evolve fr reptiles but instead are synapsids, a large group that included several orders more closely related yo mammals than reptiles. Reptiles on the other hand are saurapsids, and the synapsids and saurapsids diverged from more basal amniotes which evolved from early amphibians during the Carboniferous.

@ausblob263 2 дня назад

Yes

@alterI4 Год назад

really enjoyed this video, Production is great as well as the info and your Host persona is great!

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Thank you!

@ahmedelewa3915 Год назад

Really Deserve millions of views ..keep up

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Will do! Thank you so much.

@Niki007hound 3 месяца назад

I am very positively impressed by the quality and insight of this video. The very fine and well focussed selection of citations and excerpts from leading researchers is outstanding. And the causal flow of evolutionary events proposed in the common thread of this production is very thought-provoking and certainly enriches our evolutionary awareness. Thank you for producing such a valuable knowledge contribution!

@blxnkcxnvas2714 10 дней назад

Wow, what an absolute gem of a channel I've stumbled upon! This video was both fascinating and comprehensive, yet provides a perfectly detailed overview of the topic. I found it very interesting to consider that our bodies preceded our brains -- it makes sense! I also appreciate the discussion of a more holistic view of the brain, rather than breaking the neocortex away from the more stereotypically primitive parts. I too am guilty of viewing the brain hierarchically, but will try to adopt a more integrated view, as this does seem much more true to life. Thank you for this great video!

@thecellularrepublic9844 2 года назад

This is so well done! Props on the video editing skills and the overall flow and structure of the content. The gut brain stuff at the beginning and the connection that you made to the cnidarians was fascinating. I'm a little biased because its my favorite brain region but I really enjoyed the PFC stuff too. Can't wait to see what else you have coming down the pipeline. Thanks again too for the shoutout for my channel!

@senseofmindshow 2 года назад

Thank you so much, Taylor! That means a lot! And thanks for the great interview… I’ll be dropping the full one next week 🔥

@donmac5918 Год назад

@@senseofmindshow …. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-WNYu682LfpI.html. The Brain. 12mins. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

@user-rz8ld7iq8h 8 месяцев назад

Interesting topic. I like the way you present complex topics in a way that is clear and accessible to a layperson such as myself. Keep up the good work.

@senseofmindshow 8 месяцев назад

Thank you so much for your contribution and kind words.

@colinadevivero Год назад

Excellent video. Please do not add that horrible background music. It distracts, it doesn’t add value

@idk-hf4oi 23 дня назад

Imagine if the gut brain is conscious 😳

@malcomclark2261 23 дня назад

Then I need to apologize for what I'm about to eat

@nyrdybyrd1702 2 часа назад

You talking about ol' 'Dewy Duodenum?. pffft, dude's a pinko commie. Loot distribution fruitcake's like Dewy have egressed purpose; Chat-GPT prolly perform that function for like five bucks. 😅

@UndulatingOlive Год назад

Great video, is there sketched out tree or flow diagram of the evolution of abilities from single cell to human brain? For example, ability to absorb nutrients, to ability to move, to ability to control direction, to ability to sense light, this may the wrong order... Neurologically, is there a map/tree for what changes between eukaryotes to bilateria to vertebrates to tetrapods.... to the human brain?

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Well, this is an article rather than a flow chart, but I think it provides the information you're looking for: www.nature.com/articles/nrn.2015.15 Thanks so much for you comment!

@HeduAI Год назад

This was pretty insightful. Thanks!

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Thank you for watching!

@BSPoK 9 месяцев назад

Your work matters and thank you for the Foundation that is supporting your work!

@senseofmindshow 9 месяцев назад

Thanks so much for your kind words! But actually, I'm no longer supported by any outside funding, so your support is more important than ever. Thanks for watching! By the way, if anyone reading this wants to help keep this channel alive and thriving, go to www.patreon.com/Senseofmind

@eddiechung675 10 месяцев назад

It’s also noted from the video that the PFC has a large part of how anxiety is externalized. Some people can have a lot of anxiety from the core limbic system of their brain, but with a strong PFC, it can executively “dampen” those feelings to be more externally, socially acceptable. On the contrary, people with large spikes of anxiety and a weak PFC are at a bit of a double whammy situation with little executive say in how those emotions are externalized, making them more “raw” which may not be fitting in every situation especially social ones. Video is very informative and enjoyable.

@richardwestmoreland6 Год назад

I have heard a theory of how trauma can effect DNA, specifically the DNA described here, that predisposes a person to have a very "reactive" brain leading to anxiety and a propensity for ptsd, as well as neurodivergence and the whole spectrum. So, it's always your DNA that you are passing down, but over time, the trauma you experience can alter which DNA gets copied and to what extent. So your first child could be quite normal, then if you experience quite a bit of trauma, the child you have much later in life would be more likely to have a brain "wired for stress". It's also theorized that in times of great stability, the brains of the population get less and less reactive, while times of great chaos and upheaval produce more offspring wired for stress. I haven't seen any numbers to back this up, but it's an interesting theory.

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Great point! This touches on epigenetics, where trauma doesn't change DNA sequence but can influence how genes are expressed. However, it's complex and not yet fully understood. The idea of passing these changes to future generations is still a subject of ongoing research and debate. It's also key to remember that many factors, not just genes, contribute to behaviors and mental health conditions. A fascinating field indeed!

@christopherchilton-smith6482 29 дней назад

Lamark may yet have his revenge!

@mediocrates3416 10 месяцев назад

Fantastic! I have sooo much to say, but it's supper time! Brain function, consciousness, and the implications of qualitative experience have been all I've been thinking about for the last 30some years. I'll be back!

@just-sayin67 Год назад

Excellent and very diplomatic 😌

@lucasnoetzold 13 дней назад

clicked on a random video expecting internet quality content, got actually science backed, source citing content 👏👏👏 keep up

@this-abledtheextravertedhe5299 Год назад

Love this 👍 signed up for news letter. Thank you 🤗

@TomBearVideoGame 3 дня назад

Very very scientific explanation, with the “Male want more offsprings” it is absolutely true, and if combine with “anxiety” quote then these can also explain why with human this can be a exception.

@Unikladhalo 25 дней назад

Vey cool channel. Keep up the good work!

@Zomrem 12 дней назад

Very good! Kudos for spending time with the genes' point of view(s).

@tinkerbell_faye 10 месяцев назад

Brilliant video; the content is very engaging and well explained! Thank you! P. S, you're very handsome. 🙈

@psyfiles7351 8 месяцев назад

This is very good!!

@saftheartist6137 22 дня назад

Thank you for sharing and help teach us about the brain.

@judyrobin6911 2 года назад

Do you have any more information on GABA ?

@senseofmindshow 2 года назад

Yes! I’m not sure if you’ve seen it, but I have a whole video on GABA: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-NV-gCH4O0Os.html

@darkkrafter Месяц назад

this was incredably interesting

@dennismurphy9957 3 месяца назад

Thank you for saying "end quote". That practice is largely unused any more and can cause confusion as to who's saying what.

@alex-lc2rz 11 месяцев назад

This deserves more recongnition

@erickgarcia6494 Год назад

i have a question on cognitive control. do we really have control?? i mean it feels like we change our minds, but is it really us? or does it just happen like heartbeats or breathing

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Great question! I've wrestled with this issue of free will (the ability to willfully control one's thoughts and actions) for a long time. Personally, I think it's hard to see how mental activity could be anything but a process in the brain that is governed by the laws of physics, and therefore can't be under our conscious control. However, I think the truth may be more nuanced. Or perhaps we're just not cognitively equipped to understand how it works. Regardless, it's clear that our brains have a capacity for cognitive control, whether or not we as the conscious agents are actually in control. My video on the PFC and cognitive control explains more: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-p04xZjZUl2o.html

@mediocrates3416 10 месяцев назад

Rodolfo Llinãs, in his "i of the vortex", talks about a worm that is mobile until it finds a good place to live, and once it roots itself it consumes its own brain. From this and the observation that plants and such don't have brains he argues that the brain evolved for locomotion. I leverage the notion of homeostasis and suggest that the brain evolved as a comfort finder. It started as a comfort finder and is in us becoming a coherence detector. And i think there's reason to believe that coherence detection is... somehow a collective cognition of some sort: i had a meditative experience that lasted one full week, and it felt normal and sensical and physiologically grounded. Just the once, on and off like a tap.

@sarahlightbody3851 Год назад

Thanks, nice talk. Your take on male sex genetic wiring to spread many seeds, through many partners, doesn't overtly account for a generalized cultural idea of father's being "fiercely protective," which might require less spreading, and greater focus on small numbers. What do you think?

@roykay4709 8 дней назад

Would have been more interested in the development of brains both comparitively and primitively. How development of prostomes might differ from deuterostomes etc. as well as, say, the differences between nematodes and annelids

@atplus2101 4 месяца назад

That fish is our true Hero. Deserses all the recognitions!

@IAmAStreamerToo 11 дней назад

The first mammals evolved on Earth during the early Jurassic period approximately 200 to 175 million years ago. These early mammals evolved from a common ancestor they shared with reptiles 4:30

@user-pc5ln1rc2p 5 дней назад

Well yeah all animals share a common ancestor

@webx135 21 день назад

While the evolutionary biology of gender behavior makes sense, I would be a little cautious on jumping all the way from evolutionary biology to modern human behavior. There are a few caveats. 1. A lot of modern gender behavior being referenced refers to post-agricultural societies. Post-agricultural societies represent a relatively slim subset of human behavior, despite being the populous majority. Hunter-gatherers have widely varying behavior that diverges. 2. In terms of the "selfish gene" trying to optimize its reproduction , it isn't quite as straightforward in social species as in loner species. For a loner species, it is all about the individual competing with other individuals to spread its individual genes. But in more social groups, genetic competition may be more emphasized at the group level. Instead of emphasizing individual selection, it would have emphasized tribalism. 3. Bonobos were glossed over, here. But they are an important piece of the puzzle. For bonobos, the "sexual narrative" presented here is more or less reversed. The females insist on mating with as many individuals as possible and with each other. This completely obscures paternity certainty, reducing the benefits of a strong male hierarchy. It dissolves male hierarchy by not limiting sexual access to a select few males. This drastically reduces competition, murder, and infanticide within the group. The priority is to reduce infighting. Bonobos share genes associated with empathy and bonding that are present in the Human, but missing in the Chimp, indicating our common ancestor had these genes, and Chimps are the odd ones out. Likely because they are in direct competition with Gorillas for the same resources and territory. Creating a need for stronger hierarchies and more aggressive behavior. 4. In terms of women having restricted, selective sexuality and men wanting multiple partners, think about ancient societies. They had to create intense laws and extreme enforcement to PREVENT women from sleeping around. If women biologically mostly did not want to sleep around much, such laws would not need to be so extensive. Maternity is known, Paternity is impossible to prove until recently, unless the woman was forced to be loyal to one man. So take some hunter-gatherer behavior into consideration: - In several groups, the social "father" of the children is actually their uncles, rather than their biological father. - In many groups around the Amazon, they believe women must sleep with multiple men to create a baby, so they "make the rounds". - Resources don't generally go: Specific Hunter -> That hunter's children. Instead, an entire hunting group came back and the food was shared. in fact, they are pretty assertive about this. Look up "Fierce Egalitarianism". - Hunters didn't provide the bulk of the food nor the most consistent food. It was important for sure. But whether or not you eat wasn't determined by who your husband was. So this challenges a few notions: - That women had to choose the best provider to survive - That the survival of a man's biological children depended on his specific hunting ability A lot of these tasks would have been diffused throughout the group. "A man's hunt" didn't provide for "his children", but that "the men's hunt" provided for "the children". So a lot of the social pressures that lead to our modern behavior may have instead "resurfaced" with the advent of agriculture, rather than being there the whole time.

@PeterParker-gt3xl Год назад

The brain, or the CNS is so complex. Hard to really know if the brain evolution has maxed out, law of use/disuse should still apply, no doubt the sulci/gyri is more important than just the mass itself, we need lots of time meaning next several generations to answer; unicellular creature B was injured by A, leaking its content while swimming away and repairing its disrupted cell wall in flight, what control B's fright/flight impulses to do so, love to learn more from you.

@M8TZ Год назад

Nice

@wyattwatson9848 3 месяца назад

Imagine the self respect this man has to not edit out that voice crack

@senseofmindshow 3 месяца назад

😆

@suprajasuppu4633 11 месяцев назад

Can you please explain about Evolution of brain in animals

@pukhrajmansion8445 21 день назад

❤ Good 👍

@ultramegasuper11 7 месяцев назад

Thanks 😊

@christopherchilton-smith6482 29 дней назад

Such a shame the pfc is the last part to fully develop.

@bostonteapartycrasher 22 дня назад

The whole “brain isn’t developed until 25” is a myth that refuses to die no matter how many times it is debunked because it is useful in reinforcing the status quo. Structural change in the brain happens throughout life.

@edwardsmith1060 26 дней назад

...how SOME human brains evolved...

@elia8544 22 дня назад

Nope, all

@Loyaltotheprison 3 месяца назад

Such an Amazing organ! 🧠

@ammaralado5930 25 дней назад

Any idea how come in nature we have never been able to observe a reptile acquiring New brain traits getting them closer to a mammalian brain Thanks

@bostonteapartycrasher 22 дня назад

The same reason why we do not observe the Chinese language acquiring new traits and getting closer to American English.

@AMC2283 22 дня назад

evolution isn't the process of breeding mammals from all reptiles

@HopewellPhoto 2 года назад

The beard looks good on you.

@senseofmindshow 2 года назад

Much appreciated! I’m gonna see how long it’ll go.

@Alulim-Eridu 3 месяца назад

I feel like it’s kinda obvious bodies would have evolved brains to serve the needs of the body -I don’t see how it even could be the other way around

@shatterhacked 3 месяца назад

I kinda think you’re the 2nd or 3rd cousin of Kenadian (a Minecraft RU-vidr), just because your voices are so similar.

@MacWiedijk 5 месяцев назад

What makes humans unique is their sense of self, the ability to observe and manipulate the model of the world in the brain with an inner eye. Lower organisms have at most attention but not imagination. This means that Homo sapiens draws many more conclusions and has more fantasies to remember. The size of the neocortex is therefore a consequence of our unique capabilities, not the cause, I think.

@karlhalvorson4172 Месяц назад

I think there was a slight error when talking about the great apes and PFCs, at least it sounded like it. Humans are actually also part of the great ape category. It sounded like you were saying that the chimpanzee, bonobo, gorillas, and orangutan are our cousins, but they are in a different category called The Great Apes, which would be incorrect. The Great Apes is also known as the hominids (Family Hominidae) of which humans are also part of. Believe it or not, we all have ape brains.

@wesndesinc3367 2 дня назад

13:43 Ironclad

@grantbartley483 6 месяцев назад

It's hard to imagine how depression could be naturally or sexually selected for. It would be more plausible to say that it hasn't been completely deselected yet. Manic depression is a different issue, as it may give rise to great bursts of creativity, cf Van Gogh.

@bostonteapartycrasher 22 дня назад

Depression and many other mental issues are most likely a result of living in modern society. People in Hunter gatherer tribes are noted for their happiness.

@MAYBEMAYNOTBE2 5 дней назад

Human brain is the most complex thing in the universe - human brain 😅

@Mythicsparks Месяц назад

we are groups of cells which make up brains and other organs watching a technology about the brains that power us

@NeutroniousTemp 25 дней назад

Ian hecox talking about the evolution of the brain

@rogue050 8 дней назад

Love Damasio

@Unikladhalo 25 дней назад

In discussing male and female sexual roles, on needs to go no further than the plumbing. Males have a sexual parts that emphasize a short-term contribution, while females have a reproductive apparatus that’s more labor intensive and requires a more lengthy temporal contribution.

@darkkrafter Месяц назад

has someone thought of unwrinkeling the brain for study

@mistycloud4455 Месяц назад

AGI Will help augment the brain

@emjakos3548 27 дней назад

Not to be a luddite, but AGI might be the most unstable thing we've ever invented

@StuffMadeOnDreams Год назад

Good compilation of ideas. It takes time to research for that amount on information. I would like to comment on a couple of ideas. On sexual behaviour, it makes sense to think that the genes of males have interest in spreading as much as possible by having as much intercourse as possible. It fact, this is the strategy of male chimps. But the reverse of the coin is that female chimps have interest in getting the protection of as many males as possible for the baby, because all these males that have copulated with this female know that the baby might be theirs. This is also why male chimps have large testicles, bigger than human ones, as they need to copulate more frequently with more females. On the contrary, their glandes are not as impressive as in humans. Also, sexual dimorphism is more accentuated than in humans. However, in the humans case, with lesser testicles and bigger glandes and smaller dimorphism, there are other influences at play. It seems that humans have evolved differently during the last 7 million years and in a way that favours more stable couples. It seems that the smaller testicles in humans indicate that there is no such a need to go about having intercourse regularly as fewer production of sperm still ensures the passing of the genes which it would indicate, that there was more couple stability as the females had 1 only protector of their babies. This in turn would mean, that there was in the past some kind of social stability in the group to allow for this to happen. Then, less sexual dimorphism in humans would mean that evolution has favoured males that are not so bigger than females, which would point to less violence between males and between males and females: "I don't need to be much bigger than the female and I still pass on my genes". This is because there are other factors at play than male size and strength hierarchy. Then, the bigger glande might have to do with female selection and preference. Other primates don't need such big glandes. In gorillas, they are very small. Why the glande is so big and the testicle to small in relation to the human body in humans? Also, human culture has universally evolved in a way that strongly penalises men over-spreading their genes to multiple females because it destabilizes the group and generates lineage insecurity over the resulting babies. This at least since the Neolithic, human social stratification and private property. However, 12,000 years is not enough for such spectacular sexual organ differences from chimps, we need to understand better the human behaviour over the last 2 million years, including that of over humans of the past, Homo Erectus, Neandertal, Denisovans, Homo Longi. We all know that some men engage in this chimp sexual strategy of gene spreading. The question is then, why this behaviour has persisted in natural evolution?, why has it not been rooted out by deselection?. It seems that this behaviour, like other seemingly anti-social behaviours, might have a function in modern humans. Because humans have not always lived in an era of bounty and refrigerators at home. Only 25,000 years ago, humans were almost rooted out of Europe by the last glacial peak. It looks as if in periods of gene pool stress and extinction, it might be sensible to keep some male individuals in the species that adopt this strategy engage in multiple intercourse to ensure the continuation of the species. This is only an assumption, a hypothesis. In fact, there are societies and cultures nowadays that still favour this schema of one super-reproduction male by allowing some rich men to have different legal women. Again, this is associated with poverty within those societies. Because women only accept to share a man in cases of scarcity of resources, by associating themselves with other women to share a powerful, nurturing man capable to providing for their offspring. If there are enough resources and men available, women and cultures do not go down the path of polygamy.

@orbismworldbuilding8428 Год назад

14:42 another example i would like to say is that ADHD and autism have traits that might be selected for in hunters but less useful in agricultural civilization. ADHD has impulsivity, tendency towards short-term rewards and hypersensitivity, and a dislike of stagnation and sameness that would lead someone to be nomadic and great at foraging and hunting. Autistic people have some of the same traits, but prefer familiarity and routine, are generally even more sensitive to changes in their surroundings, keen eyes for detail which are good for tracking and also serve a similar role to anxiety in evolution. Further, autistic people and people with ADHD more easily get into flow states and develope fixations and obsessions, perfect for persuit and for paranoia. The above is just repeating reasoning i have heard before and that could also apply to autistic people and people with ADHD. I think this goes further though, with the way that different neurotypes socialize being an important factor. Many autistic people are hypersexual or have very little interest in sexual activity, and communicate very directly and prefer very consistent social order and rules, whereas the neurotypical population has less or a problem breaking minor rules (while preffering social norms instead), small dishonesties and in general have lower social openmindedness and lower consideration of rules and others. People with antisocial personality disorder, (formerly dubbed psychopathy and sociopathy) are thought by some to be an extreme expression of aggressive traits and an adaptation for social parasitism and highly competitive and dangerous environments. I think that due to autistic people's tendency for consistency, conscientiousness and the like that autism is partly a selection towards to in-group interactions, while the typical population is more inclined to outrgoups comparatively.

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Wow, thank you for this very thoughtful comment! I really like the idea that interpretation and I heard a similar take from the scientist (who as autism) Temple Grandin about the possible evolutionary advantages of autism (e.g. attention to detail).

@orbismworldbuilding8428 Год назад

@@senseofmindshow you're welcome Also i want to add that OCD would have a similar selection to anxiety, and is very common in both autistic people and people with ADHD, and autistic people without it are also likely to display traits of it notably rumination, anxiety, can have keen eye for detail, and dislike of change. People with OCD also may be extremely anxious of breaking social, religious and moral taboos, which is also a form of high conscientiousness. It's reasonable that autism and OCD also share in-group oriented selection. Also people with OCD are often more repulsed by dirt, germs or really any potential contaminants, which is especially useful for preventing the spread of disease if you stay in large groups or live in confined spaces. Disinterest in sexual activity or strongly homosexual attraction has been noted by evolutionary biologists to be a way of trying to ensure survival of other individuals young, which helps to ensure a wider gene pool and continuation of your own genetics in K selected species. Autistic people often being disinterested in sexual activity also adds evidence to in-group selection in my opinion. It also helps to reduce the spread of disease. Inversely, autistic people tending towards hypersexuality might pick up on reproductive slack or help the proliferation of genes into other groups, perhaps even to help proliferation of autism itself but that is a bit far, just a place my mind ran with it. Also there was a meta-analysis done that says that autistic people have a higher likelihood of being queer, which again i am going to say hints at selection for in-group interactions. This hypothesis that autism is naturally selected for ingroup and allistic (non autistic) minus possibly OCD is selected for outgroups is my own.

@orbismworldbuilding8428 Год назад

@@senseofmindshow also ADHD, OCD and autism, aswell as shizophrenia(though it gets complicated for them) have stronger pattern recognition

@prototropo Год назад

This offers some really valuable clarifications, I think. Especially the idea that the neocortex is NOT completely nonexistent until humans come along, meaning that all the species that led to H sapiens were not merely steps of additive intellectual improvement, with little discrete anatomic improvements. Makes those lampreys a little anxiety-inducing. And doesn't my edification around columnar neural architecture potentiating the storied human impulse to modify the world seem like a dangerous moment of meta-apprehension in potential service of limbic euphoria nurturing a delusional megalomania? Suddenly I'm obsessing on winning the GOP nomination. Whaddya mean, for what office? For any office. Or wait--every office! Say, that Lukashenko sure cuts a dashing figure. Hmm, does Erdogan need a VP, I wonder . . . . ?

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Thank you for your comment! I'm glad you found the video valuable and enjoyed the clarifications. And I'll have to think a little more about your speculations regarding megalomania, etc. Thanks again :D

@prototropo Год назад

@@senseofmindshow Thank you for noticing my comment! My megalomania quip was meant as a joke, but I do wish more people in our time would appreciate their capacity for critical inquiry, and pursue humble individuation instead of arrogant conformity. I really think if all education placed the principles of evolutionary biology at the core of all academic studies, then our disciplines of ethology, Paleolithic psychology, neurology, linguistics and psychiatry could really enrich history, sociology, philosophy, critical theory, government and economics more than they do currently.

@user-ow2yr4nu4z 24 дня назад

I feel the entreic system has a consciousness. While there is not exactly direct communication it can signal to the brain with various signals that can cross the brain/blood barrier ir even possibly directly thru the spine. I have hypoglycemia and i can tell ta something sometimes its like a voice thats not exactly in my head and it gets extremely aggressive. Was reading about some people that took some drugs like LSD and noticed their "gut' was kinda doing something. I dont mean to sound like someone whos mental, ive had hypoglycemia since childhood and i swear its a voice in your head thats not exactly you.

@uggali 15 дней назад

0:49 🧠

@sezan7589 6 месяцев назад

1:42 8:55

@volitiveclover 5 дней назад

Bro looks like Tai Lopez

@cremasca 19 дней назад

❤❤❤

@jahmencoop546 Год назад

I think the brain is still a servant to the body

@senseofmindshow Год назад

I see what you mean, although it’s quite an influential servant if so. Maybe it’s more of a business partner arrangement, rather than servant-master relationship.

@jahmencoop546 Год назад

@@senseofmindshow I only say that not because we have free will but because of the programming of our life long desires all centred around what happens to your DNA, your DNA is only serving itself and it programs your lives rewards around it, having sex, having kids, eating, sleeping, raising your children, its all just to serve the DNA's survival. Yes we destroy our bodies all the time through dangerous behaviours like drugs, violence, suicide but thats a tiny proportion of the population and that is just the modern equivalent of random chance and also natural selection. I really dont think we have come as far from our primal days as people think we have. Im not disagreeing with you i think it is very buisness partner, we get to experince the universe and be rewarding for doing this everyday, i only have this more extreme opinion as our consciousness never got consent to be a part of it, our DNA chose that.

@erickgarcia6494 Год назад

@@senseofmindshow Agreed, without the brain the stomach wouldn't be able to gather any food, without the stomach the brain wouldn't be able carry out it's functions. and so on

@CuriouslyBored Год назад

Really, gentleman? Sentient beings evolve to advance data acquisition for advanced survival. The brain is a processor of manifold taxis/sense data that is acquired via a body that has evolved to acutely hear, see, smell etc. The body exists to feed the brain-- including the stomach. Sustaining the life of the brain, of consciousness, is why bodies exist as they do. Every sentient species is possessed of a body that specializes in forms of taxis that advantages survival of sentience. Freewill? When it is time to feed the brain and its supporting organs, your gut tortures you until you obey or die. Addendum: The greater curiosity is why so many forms of sentient life fight to remain of taxis consciousness.

@kcflick6132 25 дней назад

"My brain" "My body" Well who am I? :)

@branislavkonjevic9159 21 день назад

I have a question for you: What university degree do you have? I find your statement that male and female brains evolved differently quite interesting. I agree that men and women (thank God) are not the same, but to say that our brains evolved differently... almost as if men and women are different species.

@OakenTome 6 дней назад

The idea is that they evolved to suit certain needs. That does not at all mean we're separate species, not even close. That's a nonsensical statement.

@branislavkonjevic9159 6 дней назад

@@OakenTome, so - why did he use the word evolution? I figured it out, of course, that he doesn't mean we're two species. However - there's a more nuanced way to portray a difference among the sexes than using the word evolution. For example, a word like development captures our shared humanity while acknowledging differences. It's possible to discuss how members of both sexes compete for opportunities to procreate. This is part of the overall progression of humanity. The dynamics between the sexes represent an aspect of how our species has adapted and changed over generations. My question aims to understand the perspective and motivation behind sharing this viewpoint on such a public platform.

@bennichols1113 5 месяцев назад

Layers of feedback systems. I was hoping for more at the first multi cell level. How big can a bunch of single cells get before they have to specialize and become dependent on each other. That requires a " brain ". The chemical brain must have started before the nervous brain. So what prompted some cells to become neurons?

@ericjohnson6665 25 дней назад

So can we say that the mind pre-dates the brain?

@mitchelljacky1617 18 дней назад

We can say that, sure. May not be true, but we can definitely say it.

@ericjohnson6665 17 дней назад

@@mitchelljacky1617 - I say that in large part due to Philip Ball and Michael Levin asserting that "life has cognition all the way down to the individual cell." I'm merely inferring that the cause of that cognition involves an element of mind.

@user-lg3gk8kq7d 24 дня назад

Is this Hannibal lectars channel???

@pulsar22 10 дней назад

I've always believed that morality is based on evolutionary success. The most successful species are those that practice a mix of altruism and selfishness.

@I_Inception 6 дней назад

Of course morality came from evolutionary success, we humans are a social species we formed groups to help us better survival, it wouldn’t really be great for evolutionary survival if weak creatures don’t cooperate wouldn’t it? These traits can also be found in spider crabs who’ve huddled together in order to protect the weaker ones from stingrays.

@user-lg3gk8kq7d 24 дня назад

Hav u guys had nangs

@zipperpillow Год назад

Does eating brains make you more smarter?

@senseofmindshow Год назад

Great question 😆 I haven't researched this specifically, but no, definitely not... On the other hand, if you were starving and your brain was degenerating because of the lack of sustenance, then, yes, eating anything (including brains!) would make you smarter than if you continued to not eat anything (in which case your brain would shut down entirely).

@drswag0076 Год назад

only if you are a zombie. and no.

@zipperpillow Год назад

@@senseofmindshow What if you had to eat your own brains? Good, or not good?

@markflopresti 19 дней назад

Not much right now

@jaysmith6863 4 дня назад

Youve got one thing right, it is a belief system. Sounds like fairytales for adults.

@brandonEAgnew2002 4 дня назад

Whatever you say science denier

@jaysmith6863 4 дня назад

@@brandonEAgnew2002 how so? Fact is many too a fairytale and ran with it. “I am quite conscious that my speculations run beyond the bounds of true science"-Darwin

@brandonEAgnew2002 4 дня назад

@@jaysmith6863 the theory of evolution was vindicated within Darwin’s lifetime. The discovery of archaeopteryx was exactly what Darwin predict we would find. You can quote mine Darwin all you want, I know it’s you creationists favorite thing to do. It’s like when you all take the eye line out of context

@jaysmith6863 4 дня назад

@@brandonEAgnew2002 Your information is a little outdated. Read the study on Xiaotingia zhengi.. They now say the archaeopteryx is not a bird or transitional species, but rather a Velociraptor.

@brandonEAgnew2002 4 дня назад

@@jaysmith6863 uhuh.. and how likely is that when I investigate this source of yours that it’ll turn out that you’re misrepresenting this? Cuz you guys love doing that with everything. You guys misrepresent Mary Schweitzers work with the T. rex femur, you misrepresent Darwin’s work, you misrepresent embryology, etc.

@mwizachavura8399 18 дней назад

Too much "may" "may", I want proven statements

@AMC2283 17 дней назад

The only thing we don’t know for certain is the exact mutagens and environmental conditions. Other than that the brain evolved like every other organ

@judyrobin6911 2 года назад

Oxytocin

@davidbarkin8269 17 дней назад

Most ofnthe second most intelligent animals on this planet have NO Cerebral Cortex at all. And yes I am talking about Birds. Odd enough, you didn't ONCE mention them. Their social lives, their tool use, their planning for the future. This is a profound ignorance on your part and makes me wonder what else you're getting wrong.

@somethingnew6691 Год назад

In text bro

@insertyourfeelingshere8106 11 месяцев назад

13:33 what about gay?

@kingthief9118 5 месяцев назад

A gay person's medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus wiring resembles that of the opposite sex. Which can be reflected in 3 nuclei that is sexually dimorphic in nature (even at birth). This is due to atypical hormone secretion of androgen hormones and a non androgen hormone called anti mullerian hormone that being secreted by the mother during child development (this sequence of events relies heavily on different stages of development).

@insertyourfeelingshere8106 5 месяцев назад

@@kingthief9118 so being gay is a genetic disorder passed by the mother?

@kingthief9118 4 месяца назад

@@insertyourfeelingshere8106 While being gay has genetic factors, it's not a disorder of any kind.

@joeshmoe8345 2 дня назад

Very cool except smacking your lips between each sentence, I had to turn if off less than a minute in. Probably the most annoying verbal tick out there, I wish you didn't do that.

@spamm0145 8 месяцев назад

Have you ever contemplated that matter without a mind and therefore incapable of understanding mathematics, supposedly over the course of time, using unguided, random mutational processes without intent constructs a complex brain that is capable of understanding the abstract concept of numbers, utterly preposterous!

@topthorn 8 месяцев назад

Preposterous is such a great word.

@kingthief9118 5 месяцев назад

All evidence of the fossil record and human genome sequencing proves that our brain, just like our bodies, did indeed evolve over millions of years.

@stewartthomas4193 22 дня назад

Heme production defeats evolution.

@lightpythonuk5176 22 дня назад

Bullhsit

@AMC2283 22 дня назад

go ahead, tell us all about what your bible specifically mentioned about heme so that you would know that only an all powerful god had to make it with magic

@eohrefare7346 4 месяца назад

11:49 proceeds to drone on about severely oversimplified shit that he backstops on seconds later... Cringe Garbage

@randallrutherford1384 22 дня назад

Not true

@AMC2283 22 дня назад

against your religious superstitions

@philiphall4805 Год назад

not watched your vid but I have a question about brain evolution , how can a theory of evolution be correct when nobody has figured out the origin of life , abiogenesis , life from no life , give us that first because there is no evolution until you have life

@corieyferguson767 Год назад

It’s a theory for a reason. It’s implied that they are still learning and do not know for sure with a 100 percent certainty. They usually have other facts they they look at to have these theories but they are still just that; a theory

@terranceanderson5180 Год назад

Evolution is life itself. We all know that exists. That's all the theory of Evolution explains and accurately predicts. Abiogenesis is a completely different thing. So it doesn't matter if no one figures out the absolute origin of life or whatever, because it as nothing to do with the theory of evolution.

@philiphall4805 Год назад

@@terranceanderson5180 you need to explain how information is passed when a cell divides and not just claim it happens , good luck

@terranceanderson5180 Год назад

@@philiphall4805 i need to explain? Why me? I have not spoken one thing about cell division nor was it the topic at hand. Also, a simple Google search will help ya with all you need to know. I'm not telling you because ALL you science deniars ignore what is told to you. Just like you did before you decided to ask a stupid question. BTW. The process you're erroneously thinking about is called 'Mitosis' AAAAND there are such things as stupid questions. Like questions ment to stump the opposition, but the answer to said question is actually well understood and you only asked it because of your ignorance. Like, you know you know nothing about it, yet, you still asked about it in hopes of winning because I imagine that you imagine you know everything without having studied anything, and not been tutored by anyone. That's stupid.

@kingthief9118 5 месяцев назад

@@philiphall4805 By "information" are you referring to generic variation due to meiosis?

@googleyoutubechannel8554 Год назад

You keep mentioning what a couple individuals 'believe', that's not science and not good science communication.

@kingthief9118 5 месяцев назад

If what these individuals believe are reflected in the scientific consensus the. It's certainly worth mentioning

@Karlswebb 2 месяца назад

It is if it represents the consensus of scientists in that field on what happened. This is EXCELLENT science communication and a phenomenal production. You likely have ideological hang ups.

@jimbojimbo6873 Месяц назад

Scientific consensus is not fact…

@AcroLearn 27 дней назад

How about I touch you instead

@44Pangaea 25 дней назад

That's called a hypothesis, very much science.

@vesuvandoppelganger 8 месяцев назад

The human brain was created when the first humans were created. Keep believing in your evolution fairy tale.

@kingthief9118 5 месяцев назад

Humans were never "created"

@prschuster 27 дней назад

Gender differences are controversial. Sexual politics gets in the way.

@elia8544 22 дня назад

No these are sexual differences.

@esrefcelikcelik8789 Месяц назад

Keeping using the null answer of evolution makes nonsense at all. Such a great(!) theory that explains everything.!!

@elia8544 22 дня назад

You have a better one buddy?

@user-pc5ln1rc2p 5 дней назад

@@elia8544Me, Me! An omnipotent omniscient omnibenevolent magic man who lives in the sky!

@gregorygarcia7807 20 дней назад

I thought "cortex ment The core!

@user-rw6xr9kf8o 22 дня назад

Biologically consciousness serves brain, brain serves body. Ironically, ask people which one he chooses to survive, most will choose consciousness! The servant has become the master! If consciousness can be transferred technologically to achieve immortality in future, no one will care about brain and body.

@AnthonyRusso93 15 часов назад

Consciousness is an emergent phenomenon. That is like saying a rainbow serves the water droplets acting like prisms. To transfer the consciousness would mean to transfer the brain. Otherwise it would be just recreating consciousness. Then you and your semiconductor integrated circuit doppelganger would have potential rivalry. My prediction would be rather that the electronic emulator version would eventually find great distress and anguish trying to deal with the longevity increase. There could also be strange time dilation like effects caused by how much faster circuits are compared to neurons.

@user-rw6xr9kf8o 10 часов назад

@@AnthonyRusso93 There are no definite consciousnes locations in the brain. My consciousness seems can be transferred from my left brain to the right brain and then back to the left brain by attention switching. Self continuation also robustly persists in the brain over changing brain states, changing brain substances, and changing set of neurons during attention switching. If consciousness transfer and Self continuation is already happening in a brain, why can't such transferring/continuity be continued out from the brain to other system? There is nothing special about a particular brain. The current problem is nobody knows what exactly is such kind of continuity sustaining Self continuation in the brain. If such continuity be pinpointed scientifically and be controlled, then Self Continuation be continuated out from biological brain to other system can be achieved. For the suffering brought out by immortality, the conscious being can still be free to choose to terminate itself. Consciousness transfer offers more options and freedoms, the ultimate choice can still be controlled/made by the conscious being. Experiencing time rate you said can also be adjusted/controlled as well. In overall, good will be much more than bad for any conscious being.