@@Banana_vhddcn oh yeah true...but even if it so efficient, it is not so easy to change your body standards. For a cow would be harder to change its body internts build for a mostly herbivores grass diet to a meat diet. And by the way...evolution does not happen, because it is most "efficient". But because external influences pressure the individual to become more efficient in the relative subject. Example. Flying is more efficient than walking...why the hell do many animals not fly?
Whales evolved into pinnipeds,then into artiodactyls. The animals always have hoofs in early stages of evolution toward becoming man kind. Then from artiodactyls into marsupials. This is when we begin to stand, hips,fingers and toes begin to evolve. Then ape evolve from marsupials hence hoofed marsupials,and humanoid marsupials related to apes. Thats why apes have 4 hands on their person, because then the 2 on the bottom evolve into our feet. Look at the koala to apes hands. The koala finger prints are indistinguishable from humans. Thumb evolution... Its easy. Scientists have everything backwards for real..that's why there's so many paradoxes,debates,questions and gaps. They tend to complicate a simple process. In fact complicate Everything..when its very simple. Einstein said if you cant explain it simply, Then you don't understand it well enough.
@@rajarsi6438 it's only a joke because they program the ppl 2 ways. It's real .then half bullshit. the other half believe God did it .and the rest is bullshit. Nobody thinks for themselves. That's the ultimate joke, and ppl that do are perceived as crazy. It's kind of reatrded to be so ignorant..but There's nothing I can do about it but counter it as much as I can
@@jontherevelator9663 You don't understand the time/space/movement constant? Parmenides rightly concluded, at least in concept, change/movement/transformation are illusory.
@@rajarsi6438 I understand entropy,time,decay,expansion,thermodynamics very well. That's why I know the macro and micro along with energy make everything possible
@@jontherevelator9663 As long as you don't realise eternal existence you're illusioned, as Einstein also had made clear to be in. Technicians don't understand all relative movement only takes place within ones own worldly mind.
I just saw whales for the first time last weekend and I'm amazed with these creatures. I clicked right away to see the video but I'll have to wait haha.
I just want to point out, that some of those whale ancestors look weird because the artists are shrinkwrapping them, not because they looked like that in life.
Oh yeah, basilosaurus used to be like a sea serpent (because when it was first discovered it was thought to be a reptile) but now it’s more like a big toothy potato in shape
Just one small correction: Livyatan with 13-17m length is the larges fossil sperm-whale relative, but modern sperm whales can grow considerably larger (>20m) and on average are about the same size!
Well we don't know exactly how big Lyviatan got, but because the averages in size are so close it's not hard to imagine some individuals growing just as big as the biggest extant sperm whales.
@@Thor-Orion yes true, both are huge and i assume the livyatan was even similar weight due to the huge skull and similarly dense skeletal structure (35-45 tons for a bull)
One more correction: Whales do *NOT* drink saltwater, they do not drink at all, because their organism is able to obtain water from the digestion of fat/blubber (toothed whales) or Plankton (baleen whales). The same applies to pinnipeds.
I have a weird phobia of whales. I don't know if its just their size and shape, but even looking at their land-based ancestors made me feel viscerally terrified. Any who, they are pretty majestic and a fantastic example of evolutionary prowess.
Never heard of that phobia before, but if it exists, it could mean that whale ancestors were probably pretty aggressive back in the day and would pray on our own ancestors.
I take slight issue with how you described the feeding habits of Baleen whales, they are also known to use group hunting tactics to maximize the amount of food they can acquire from a single gulp. Also considering they communicate with each other from across the planet I'd be surprised if some of those vocalizations aren't being used in order to find krill and whatnot more efficiently.
What I am curious to learn about is breathing through nostrils in the middle of the face turning into breathing through blow holes in the back of the neck.
its crazy how much just a couple of million years can change an animal so drastically. its went from a little land dwelling dog thing to a giant fish-like mammal. i can't think of any creature that ever existed to go through such a drastic evolutionary change
Go look at the skulls . You can see the nostrils moving back . Having facial bones in back of the nostrils stop growing would move them towards the eyes. Most evolutionary changes are thru genes that regulate growth rather than by mutations to the baseline genes.
Pretty cool how ancient whales evolved convergently with mosasaurs. Also, considering there are giant whales AND sharks that use filter feeding today, I wonder how common of an occurrence it was throughout prehistory for animals to evolve filter feeding and attain huge sizes. It’s a big world, and I’m sure there are many fossils buried in places that aren’t easily accessible by humans, like deep within jungles or at the bottom of the sea. Maybe there was a huge suction feeding ichthyosaur we’ve yet to discover.
There were a few suction-feeding ichthyosaurs actually! Most notably Shonisaurus and Shastasaurus, but they fed on squid and cephalopods instead of krill.
I love cetaceans. I remember people giving me shit for saying whales/mammals rule the sea because fish swim there.... I'd match a great white vs an orca
This just blows my mind, that with huge amount of time and evolutionary pressure, that a hoofed, land based dog-like creature would return to water, and eventually be…whales.
That really struck me when I went whale-watching and saw wild whales for myself. I couldn’t stop thinking about how these enormous creatures right in front of me in their home, the ocean, coming up to breathe and check out the boat, had become what they now were from so many generations of moms, dads and calves living under natural selection. Time doesn’t care that you’re dead, it just keeps going and going until millions of years have gone by.
Actually, diprotodonts are the order Diprotodontia as a whole, this is the largest extant order of marsupials (subclass Marsupialia) and is native exclusively to Oceania, the largest living diprotodont is the Red Kangaroo (Osphranter rufus), living diprotodonts include macropods, possums, wombats, and the koala.
This Indy Reno guy has posted similar comments on many videos about animals. He insists on outdated taxonomy and refuses to accept corrections. It is fruitless to argue with him. I have no idea why he does this and at this point I am too afraid to ask.
I'll comment it again because I really want to see it happen. Can you please do a video on the evolution of Suina? I just think pigs and peccaries are so cool! I'm really interested in how they evolved.
Apparently, there are nine extant superfamilies of living even-toed hoofed mammals, which are Traguloidea (contains 1 family: Tragulidae (Chevrotains)), Moschoidea (contains 2 families: Hydropotidae (Water Deer) and Moschidae (Musk Deer)), Giraffoidea (contains 2 families: Antilocapridae (Pronghorn) and Giraffidae (Giraffes and Okapi)), Cervoidea (contains 1 family: Cervidae (Deer)), Bovoidea (contains 1 family: Bovidae (Bovids)), Cameloidea (contains 1 family: Camelidae)), Tayassuoidea (contains 1 family: Tayassuidae (Peccaries)), Suoidea (contains 1 family: Suidae (Pigs)), and Hippopotamoidea (contains 1 family: Hippopotamidae (Hippos)), all these superfamilies are monotypic, except for Moschoidea and Giraffoidea, which both contain only two extant families.
when i was in third grade we had to do a report on a whale and i was assigned the narwhal. this started my love of whales in general and my favorite animal is the orca
The orca, also known as the killer whale, is actually the largest member of the dolphin family, Delphinidae. Despite its common name, it is not a whale. Instead, it's the largest species of dolphin.
Thank you so much for this video. I have rarely heard a thesis with such a simple and direct explanation, including the "missing link" of whales. Outstanding! But I do have a question for all that: How did Indohyus go from being an even-toed ungulate to the Pakicetus; an odd-toed carnivore with splayed-toes and webbing between them? It seems like it misses a few steps in between the two creatures.
As they spent more time in the water, the specimens that would do best and survive were probably ones with larger feet to allow easy movement - the more you can splay out your feet, the easier it is to swim, and those with more skin between their toes would move faster and have a better time evading predators. Also just to note: Pakicetus is still an even-toed ungulate, as the entire whale family falls under that category. They arent the only carnivorous animals in that catalog
It never stopped being an ungulate, also, many ungulates were carnivorous back then, it's just that most didn't survive into the modern day because they couldn't compete with modern carnivora (canids, bears and cats). Even today, there are some omnivorous ungulates like pigs and peccaries.
It baffles me, how smart some people are figure these things out. It’s amazing to me that we can sit here today and understand the evolutionary process of a species relatively well, even though it occured so long before our own time.
A lot of assumptions, a lot of inferences, a lot of guesswork... The broad outlines are pretty convincing but not complete... Going into the far past, like going into the far future, involves a lot of straightforward extrapolation based on ceteris paribus (all else remaining the same)... These are all provisional models, in no way final, exclusive, complete... They are the best we have been able to come up with up to now... There are hidden variables - purpose, consciousness, design, etc. - we have yet to include in our models... Random mutation and natural selection is not the whole story. But it is all dramatic and fascinating and beautiful. And I'm glad we're here to experience it.
Ah, you beat me to it! My MIL cheats with copious sums of charcoal-filtered vodka (the kind that comes in plastic 2 liter jugs) and whole milk. This bitch drinks more cheap liquor in a day than I could possibly stomach in a decade.
@@ekosubandie2094 don't trust this dude he's an idiot in a lot of other comment he says very innacurate thing and even here he's says cetecea is an order when is actually a parvorder within Artiodactyla
@@tjarkschweizer Not horribly outdated. Just outdated in general, not like they went back 70+ years for really horribly outdated info. This is more last 20 years kind of stuff.
@Alle Warten Auf Das Licht That's what I say. Prove this idiotic fairy tale about some stupid animal turning into a whale over billions of years. Only morons could believe it, and no one can prove it. It's not science, that's for sure.😆
@Alle Warten Auf Das Licht I don't have to prove it's a fairy tale. It's a fairy tale until it can be proven scientifically and it can't be, so it's a fairy tale.
@Alle Warten Auf Das Licht Look, I don't care if you want to believe in nonsense, it's your religion, so have at it. I won't do anything to hurt your belief in the evolution religion, I promise. I will pray that your eyes are open one day and you get some wisdom, but it's out of my hands now...
GD!!! This is my new favorite channel! I'm about to binge. Schools should use these videos. Have you thought about advertising your channel to educational organizations?
hover over vid, click 'cog' icon for settings, select 'playback speed', then 'custom', and toggle bar to adjust speed of any yt vid as fast or as slow as you want (by increments of as little as .05X).. 👍
Great video as always, really love them, I wish you could do a video talking about the evolution of wolfs, foxes, dogs, etc. And also a video talking about the evolution maybe of some type of bird, to change it up aside mammals :)
If birds wanted to win, they should've kept their tails instead of going with the pygostyle. "This tiny little prey animal turned into that tiny little prey animal" isn't exactly the most exciting thing ever.
Part of me feels so bad for the original publisher of the video. This is a really well produced, researched, and presented video and then we have creationists pushing their personal opinions that just so happen to disagree.
1:58 Harder to hear underwater??? You need to stick your head underwater and listen for sounds that originated underwater. You do not hear sounds that are out of the water, like music played at an outdoor pool, but sounds that are generated underwater like bubbles from exhaling through a snorkel or blackfish chomping on mussels are heard distinctly.
I’ve heard that the blue whale is the largest animal to ever live but I see some comparisons to sauropods with many species growing to stupid sizes, much longer than the blue whale. Of course, I understand longer doesn’t necessarily mean bigger, but overall, I would say the blue whale is the largest MAMMAL to ever live? But I dunno, I could be wrong. Either way, great video!
Sauropods, being terrestrial species, had to develop ways to support their own weight, not just through strong muscular legs with large feet, but there were many holes in their skeleton that made them much lighter. Whales, on the other hand, are not confined to this restriction, so there is no need to account for making their bodies lighter.
Sauropods length/height comes from limbs/neck/tails. Sure they are really tall but all the mass is in the body. Compare the Sauropod body to the whale body and it's a lot clearer how much bigger the whale is.
If reincarnation is real, I wanna come back as a blue whale. They just amaze me. They can kill a human just by using their echo location. To be that powerful, yet so graceful... They're special creatures.
Excellent content! I hope this video gets tens of thousands of more views! By the way, I live in N.E. Ohio and our nearby medical university, Northeast Ohio Medical University, has a mascot called "Nate" and the big guy is a Walking Whale! No sports teams on campus but just a cool idea to have a science based mascot for university functions.
Funny how something as cute looking as a dolphin came from a wacky dog/deer/crocodile/otter hybrid looking thing. I wonder if they were super intelligent back then as well.
Just to think a whole bunch of religions would call this video a lie. What an amazing world we live in. Thanks for sharing this video in the midst of such stunning stupidity.
And all those religions would call each other liars, so why should we believe anything those liars say? Until they can decide which group is telling the truth about religion, it's best to ignore them all.
@@e11-f2l More people have been killed in religions name, than for any other reason in human history. Religion has been nothing but a gross afront to human rights and should be completely abolished.
@@kyleellis1825 your blind hatred and totalitarian thinking of abolishing faith that brings meaningfulness to billions of people's lives is just as backwards and blind as religious absolutism. Sadly it seems you're too stupid to realise this irony. You see yourself as superior to scientists of faith such as Pythagorus, Aristotle, Newton, Galileo, Bacon, Kelpler, Kelvin, Al-Haytham, Ibn Sina, Al-Kindi yet I've never heard of your contributions to science.
The jumps between each evolving species is just too big to show a sequence of related species. 50 million years of random mutations, 99.9% of them useless doesn't get you a whale with brush like teeth from a land walking furry animal. The fact that fish are still around from 350 million years ago shows that DNA is very stable.
"The fact that fish are still around from 350 million years ago shows that DNA is very stable." - the only thing shown here is your ignorance of the subject
@@liryar123 That is pretty retarded. It may be more difficult for us, land animals, to make vocalizations underwater; but you hear a lot better. Have you ever been submerged in a bath and rubbed something or moved around? The sound is very loud.
It gets distorted in the water. like the poster below stated, our eardrums are desgined to work in the air. Water pressure stops the eardrum from vibrating as much.
Whales are my favorite animals right beside great apes and big cats. Part of the reason is because of the story of their evolution, as it’s just so fascinating. I just started my school journey for geology and paleontology and I hope someday to be able to study early whale fossils up close 🙏
@@gy2gy246 Well, I speak four languages and have a great ear for music and dialects yet seem to have an issue with understanding about 50% of what you say..... After watching closely, I think it is because you have your teeth closed often. What I do understand, is when your mouth is actually moving. Just trying to help.
Is there an explanation as to how baleen evolved? It seems an increase in size means they can exploit colder seas but maybe they got too big and cumbersome to hunt a single prey animal and so took to straining multiple smaller ones.
There are multiple possible scenarios that could explain how baleen evolved given the species we know of regarding the earliest Mysticetes. However, we know for a fact that the earliest baleen whales were completely toothed, but some earlier species could've been filter feeders for prey of certain sizes based on interlocking characteristics of the crowns of their teeth while others suction fed (pretty self-explanatory how this predation method works). We also have species known as Aetocetids that had both teeth and baleen, and other species like Maiabalaena lacked both teeth and baleen. Baleen is very complicated, but it seemed to be very complicated process (as everything is in evolution).
If you really care about factual animal knowledge reaching your viewers, you really need to moderate people in your comments like Indy Reno who spew a bunch of 20+ year outdated information. People are believing them(and liking the factually incorrect comments) and it's only going to make your viewers less informed going forward.
@@mjolninja9358 marine mammals in the nutshell: whales: chunguses of the sea, 260 t of blubber, that really like singing in opera, basso profundo style, pot bellies for days 🐋🐳🔵🎵🎶🎼👔 dolphins: nerds and athletes of the sea in one, IQ of 260, only 3% body fat, 300 kg of pure muscle, amazing biceps, incredible pecs, toned six pack washboard abs 🐬🤓💪💪🏋♂⚽🏀🎽 seals: bombshells and smarties of the sea in one, IQ of 170, the plump curves in all the right places, 60 cm waist, 90 cm bust, 90 cm hips 🦭💋🌹🎈🎈⌛👗👠👠💄🛍💞💕 walruses, dugongs and manatees: chunguses of of the sea, 600 kg of blubber, really crazy uncles of bears and hyraxes, respectively, that love drinking beer, really like to leave the mess everywhere, and love vulgar jokes, pot bellies for days 🐘🦭🧔♂🩴🩴🧢🍺🍻🗑
@@hadventures717 Yeah, that's a possibility. It's just that the carnivore looks VERY carnivorous and those teeth... It just doesn't seem like enough time had passed going by the usual speed of evolution for that kind of drastic change to take place. Clearly it DID take place, I'm just wondering what conditions would have made the change so fast and so drastic. Remember that carnivores have completely different mindsets, digestive systems, nutritional requirements, etc. It's not just about the bones and teeth, it's a colossal change from one creature to another. It's either just incredible or it's very mysterious.
Considering animals we consider obligate herbivores (deer, horses, cattle) will sometimes, and occasionally often, eat small animals for calcium and other nutrients, I don't think it's as big of a leap as we tend to think.
I was thinking mapusaurus , the giant aquatic being seen in jurassic world , dragging indominus Rex to its swimming pool. And in the next part , taking off like a rocket from water and opening it's wide mouth and devouring what ever was moving on the surface, humans or pterodactyl or helicopter.
the whale evolution can be divided into the pre-legnoughts and the legnoughts, I mean losing hind limbs is a major step in evolution that makes all other ancient whales obsolete overnight innit?
