The Experimental Passenger Orbital Aircraft program, also known as Spiral, was a Soviet secret project created to develop an orbital spaceplane and fighter spacecraft.
Work on this multipurpose spacecraft began in the early 1960s in response to the American Shuttle Program at the height of the Cold War.
The objective was to build a vehicle that could fly in orbit at Mach speeds and function as a reconnaissance, bomber, and interceptor spacecraft.
The Spiral MiG-105 crewed test vehicle resulted from years of research and testing, and the orbital spaceplane flew for the first time in 1976.
However, achieving the desired Mach speeds would prove a more challenging feat than expected.
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8 сен 2024