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The Generalized Uncertainty Principle | Proof/Derivation 

Faculty of Khan
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In this video, I finally prove/derive the Generalized Uncertainty Principle, using basic linear algebra identities such as the Schwarz Inequality as well as the properties of commutators and eigenvalue problems we discussed in the previous video (link: • Commutators and Eigenv... ).
This video should conclude the mathematical prelude to Quantum Mechanics. Together with the previous 8 videos, it should prepare you for learning the subject. You could either use this video as a standalone (i.e. if you already know enough Quantum Mech and just want to learn how to prove the Uncertainty Principle) or as a continuation of my current introductory playlist.
In the second case, if you don't understand what I mean by 'probability distribution on observable quantities' (which I discuss at the end), then don't worry too much, for I will be giving a n00b's intro to Quantum Mech later on. Being confused when starting out in Quantum Mech is fairly common, mainly because there's no standardized/sequential way of teaching it (i.e. you'll be confused regardless of how you start learning it).
Still, if something isn't clear to you or if you have questions/feedback, ask in the comments!
NOTE: When I define deltaAhat/deltaBhat, it's assumed that we're subtracting the expectation value times the identity operator from the Ahat/Bhat operators. Obviously, it's incorrect to take away a scalar from an operator without first multiplying that scalar with another operator.
Prereqs: Everything before this video on my playlist so far - • Quantum Mechanics: Mat...
Lecture Notes: drive.google.com/open?id=1cCc...
Patreon: www.patreon.com/user?u=4354534
Twitter: FacultyOfKhan?lan...
Special thanks to my Patrons:
- Jennifer Helfman
- Justin Hill
- Jacob Soares
- Yenyo Pal

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18 ноя 2017

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Комментарии : 71   
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 4 года назад
Alright everyone; if you've been following along this playlist and made it this far, congratulations! You have officially completed the prelude to Quantum Mechanics series, where I teach the mathematical formalism behind QM. Hop on over to my Quantum Mechanics playlist to get started on learning the actual Physics behind QM! ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-kUm4q0UIpio.html
@RodriguesNatercia
@RodriguesNatercia 6 лет назад
Came here for a quick refresh on Dirac notation, ended up staying for the whole playlist this is very useful! Fast pace, but short videos full of important and relevant information presented in a very logical sequence. Thank you so much!
@jacobvandijk6525
@jacobvandijk6525 4 года назад
Who does not like a quickie sometimes? ;-)
@akarshchaturvedi2803
@akarshchaturvedi2803 6 лет назад
Why on earth this channel isn't famous yet?
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
I consider >4900 subs to be relatively famous :P, but if you want to contribute to my fame, I encourage you to share this with your friends!
@akarshchaturvedi2803
@akarshchaturvedi2803 6 лет назад
Haha, still you deserve way better bro.
@jacobvandijk6525
@jacobvandijk6525 4 года назад
@@akarshchaturvedi2803 Think about the IQ-distribution of RU-vid-viewers ;-) Of those who qualify to understand this stuff only a fraction is interested in Physics. That should explain a lot.
@georgefarah9214
@georgefarah9214 6 лет назад
I genuinely think this channel offer a very valuable content, it offers a lot of well explained videos for an undergrad physics student or anyhow who is just interested in learning physics or math on a higher level . Not too many channels offer that, keep it up man !
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
Thank you!
@dustbringer1821
@dustbringer1821 5 лет назад
This playlist was a wonderfully compact refresher. Excellent presentation, thank you.
@clintonstevens8901
@clintonstevens8901 4 года назад
Thank you for this *amazingly concise* and *incredibly helpful* RU-vid series.
@kipropcollins4220
@kipropcollins4220 Год назад
I found my gem in a corner of the internet... thanks so much!!!
@noism5429
@noism5429 4 года назад
this channel is so underrated! good work!!
@cerendemir9977
@cerendemir9977 2 года назад
I studied this from two textbooks and they definitely did not explain it this well. Thank you so much for this!
@MrGaugeBoson
@MrGaugeBoson 5 лет назад
Excellent video, made my exercises very doable.
@5180073a
@5180073a 5 лет назад
Brilliant video series!! Thank you sooo much!!
@izzyizzy4205
@izzyizzy4205 6 лет назад
Was so confused when I first saw this proof 2 years ago...finally it makes a bit more sense hahah. Looking forward to the next part of the series!
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
Glad you liked it!
@izzyizzy4205
@izzyizzy4205 6 лет назад
Faculty of Khan I’m curious by the way...would you ever consider doing a lecture series on QFT? I’m self-teaching it right now and would enjoy a resource like yours to help! No pressure lol
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
I'm considering it: others have requested it so it's on my to-do list, so I may get to it eventually!
@izzyizzy4205
@izzyizzy4205 6 лет назад
Faculty of Khan Awesome, thanks!
@hisashihonda9300
@hisashihonda9300 6 лет назад
beautiful demonstration
@account1307
@account1307 5 лет назад
This was the most amazing video ever hahaha this is very accessible to undergrads thank you dear teacher:3
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 5 лет назад
Glad you liked it!
@preetamkumar5445
@preetamkumar5445 5 лет назад
very Informative video. looking for next playlist
@unknow9339
@unknow9339 5 лет назад
beautiful demonstration.
@scraps7624
@scraps7624 5 лет назад
This is the first video I've seen of you, this channel is amazing. Do you have a video on the derivation using Fourier transforms?
@17LeeCheYu
@17LeeCheYu 5 лет назад
Great series! thank you.
@avarice9686
@avarice9686 4 года назад
Thank you for this series
@TifaniRizky
@TifaniRizky 4 года назад
If you don't yet I'd suggest making a series about linear algebra and mathematical physics. It's very useful, thank you.
@samirelzein1978
@samirelzein1978 3 года назад
Keep it up! Amazing job!
@Alphabetagama434
@Alphabetagama434 4 года назад
Very nice explanation ..
@douglasstrother6584
@douglasstrother6584 3 года назад
"Quantum Mechanics: Foundations and Applications" by Arno Bohm This is a graduate-level text (or advanced undergrad text), so don't start here; however, the writing style is very clear and crisp. The author approaches Quantum Theory as an algebraic structure built to explain measured phenomena, like Werner Heisenberg. It treats states as vectors and observables as operators on those vectors.
@schmetterling4477
@schmetterling4477 2 года назад
Yes, and if you learn the formalism without studying physical phenomenology in parallel (i.e. at least atomic and molecular physics, better still some nuclear and high energy physics), then you will understand absolutely nothing about physics and you will eternally talk total bullshit about the Copenhagen interpretation.
@tayyabahaider3872
@tayyabahaider3872 2 года назад
Thank you so much ..was a great help
@RodriguesNatercia
@RodriguesNatercia 6 лет назад
Looking forward to the rest of the series, by the way, do you have a day of the week you generally upload or do you simply do it when you have time? Will keep and eye out anyway!
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
Thank you for the support! I don't have a particular day when I upload during the semester; usually, I aim for about 2 videos in the middle of the month. During the winter break, I should have more time which I'll use towards making more videos.
@valor36az
@valor36az 2 года назад
Great derivation
@romanfanta3990
@romanfanta3990 3 года назад
Hello, perfect series. I just want to ask which books/sources did you use for this series and if you can give some recommendations on what to read. Most of the series reminds me of Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and applications by Nouredine Zettili.
@GammaDigamma
@GammaDigamma 4 года назад
Yes... Finally
@Radheradheparbhu209
@Radheradheparbhu209 11 месяцев назад
Very helpful sir I am from India
@gg-bn4gv
@gg-bn4gv 4 года назад
great stuff
@user-up4sb6qw9r
@user-up4sb6qw9r 2 года назад
Thanks very much
@violinsheetmusicblog
@violinsheetmusicblog 6 месяцев назад
If the expectation of A is a scalar, how can you subtract it from a Hermitian operator? Are you subtracting it from each element in the Hermitian operator?
@VictorHugo-xn9jz
@VictorHugo-xn9jz Год назад
At 3:58, the commutator symbols are confusing, because they should be parentheses if I'm not mistaken (also, at 4:06)
@Dubickimus
@Dubickimus 6 лет назад
I wonder if you plan on doing manifolds
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 6 лет назад
Perhaps later. I need to introduce some preliminary concepts first. Thank you for the suggestion!
@ostensiblyquerulous
@ostensiblyquerulous 6 лет назад
Could you perhaps explain to me why when you square the expectation value of delta A hat delta B hat, you don't end up with cross terms? Is it because the cross terms would be purely imaginary and thus a norm squared would just be equal to the real parts of the square? This makes sense, but I'm struggling to see how you can take the norm of the expectation value of the commutator of A hat and B hat before the square and still end up with no cross terms. Edit: I realized that none of the above is necessary/makes sense. The expectation value of delta A hat delta B hat is just a complex number with imaginary component from the commutator and real component from the anti-commutator. Thus finding the norm square is just equal to multiplying the value by its complex conjugate, which will get rid of cross terms, and any negative quantities.
@oivindification
@oivindification 4 года назад
Hmm, how? How is 1/2 = 0? This is the cross term, right? Or am I missing something?
@sagargour2024
@sagargour2024 2 года назад
Becaue its mod squared.... like (x+iy)^2=x^2+y^2+2xyi; but lx+iyl^2=(x+iy)(x-iy)x^2+y^2 (the cross term terminates with mod squared) since is Imaginary (bcoz [A,B] is antiHermittian) [denoted by ''iy'' in upper example] and is Real (bcoz {A,B} is Hermittian) [denoted by ''x' in upper example].
@shivangi3030
@shivangi3030 3 года назад
thanks
@thepleasantcatprincess
@thepleasantcatprincess 3 года назад
Finally I understood everybit of the equations. Sir could you suggest me some good understandable books on quantum mechanics
@romanfanta3990
@romanfanta3990 3 года назад
As introduction I can recommend these books: Quantum Mechanics : Concepts and Applications by Nouredine Zettili Introduction to Quantum Mechanics A Time-Dependent Perspective by David J. Tannor Introduction to Quantum Mechanics by David J. Griffiths For total begginer you can try: Quantum Mechanics: The Theoretical Minimum by Leonard Susskind and Art Friedman
@thepleasantcatprincess
@thepleasantcatprincess 3 года назад
@@romanfanta3990 finished all of these already😀....something a little deeper than these?
@romanfanta3990
@romanfanta3990 3 года назад
​@@thepleasantcatprincess at this point it depends on what is your interest. Every advanced quantum mechanic books differ in some topics. In general, I would recommend Advanced Quantum Mechanics by J. J. Sakurai (maybe first try to go through his Modern Quantum Mechanics book to be accustomed to his writing/explaining). If you want to dig deep then there are 3 volume book Quantum Mechanics by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Bernard Diu, Franck Laloë.
@Radheradheparbhu209
@Radheradheparbhu209 11 месяцев назад
One doubt in this derivation sir
@richardshane456
@richardshane456 4 года назад
1:00:00 If we are in a trajectory spin, you can not forecast with any certainty the future Our trajectory spin system that never allows the observer to exist as a communicative function but as a conjugate system hence the trajectory spin observation as conjugate symmetry
@oivindification
@oivindification 4 года назад
4:05 How is it obvious that Delta A * Delta B = 1/2 [A,B] + 1/2 {A,B}?
@__-op4qm
@__-op4qm 2 года назад
dAdB = [dA,dB]/2 + {dA,dB}/2 == (dAdB-dBdA+dAdB+dBdA)/2, but before this he showed that the first part has [dA,dB] = [A,B].
@wdobni
@wdobni Год назад
that was completely unintelligible but its interesting to follow along behind somebody to whom these hieroglyphs seems to convey sensible rational reasonable logical provable methodology ...... it would require 5 years of university study for me to become convinced that anything about this video corresponded to anything in the outside world, and even then i would still wonder if i had seen some revealed truth or simply become brainwashed ..... i tend to see this material as an entirely imaginary edifice inside the human mind rather than an obvious self-revelatory expression of the actual nature of external reality as revealed by the senses and puzzled out by inquisitive geniuses.......in other words quantum mechanics is to the real world as Pablo Picasso's Nude Descending A Staircase is to real women
@schmetterling4477
@schmetterling4477 2 года назад
It is very cool that you derive a general mathematical theorem about linear operators, but you didn't teach the student any physics here. I would actually suggest that you are misleading the student into believing that you were teaching quantum mechanics here when the exact same formulas apply to classical wave systems and are being used in signal processing applications in audio, video and RF systems, basically everywhere where we are using Fourier transformations and their generalizations.
@rifeayy1558
@rifeayy1558 Год назад
They didn't teach any physics because well, this is a series on mathematical basis of quantum mechanics. Just a brief introduction to linear algebra required to do any QM at all. They do a good job at teaching "physics" in the other series.
@paulg444
@paulg444 2 года назад
bra ket notation... why ? why? ... just use vectors and conj. transpose. .. a standard inner product space.
@schmetterling4477
@schmetterling4477 2 года назад
That's simply how physicists are used to writing these things. As a mathematician you can ignore the notation, you already know what we mean and that there is absolutely nothing novel here.
@user-ci3yj7uf9j
@user-ci3yj7uf9j 4 года назад
Is this guy 3B1B
@FacultyofKhan
@FacultyofKhan 4 года назад
No.
@user-ci3yj7uf9j
@user-ci3yj7uf9j 4 года назад
Lol ma bad. Well explained tho
@richardshane456
@richardshane456 4 года назад
I think the 1st question ought a be what forces are acting on us to help permeate this imagination called mathematics to explain our reality using matrix vectors in hermiston vectors I beg to differ with mathematics not as a functioning language of displacement of a thing called real numbers in your own mathematical construct your own mathematical preponderance and mathematical construct States that mathematics is lower ranking system than imagination. it's a much lower ranking system than reality, therefore, how can your mathematics ever ever be able to explain anything about this reality other than creating subset sub standardized technology that we observe now that occupy in R space, this thing called a reality, created from a subset of imagination called mathematics that's propelled by a hierarchy of imagination and reality? Back to the quantum mechanics observation of reality as far as from our human perspective Here is my observation after observing and comparing to your mathematical observations What your quantum mechanics physics is describing is a kinetic energy system that manifests itself as a trajectory with spin, I'm not talking about electron orbitals of our kinetic energy system, however as a trajectory with spin as a hierarchy of trajectory with spins of all matter mass I even suspect a natural explanation of our Trajectory Spin energy system as a simple entropy scalar back to conjugate symmetry by particle attraction of spiraling mass called spiraling galaxies which then emit leading and trailing singularities perpendicular of the galactic plane creating trajectories spins weaving a fabric of particles creating branes theorized in string theory My thought imagination describes a big Bang with singularities as its beginning or observed from our theorized beginning as a big bang and does not violate any of our known laws of physics, and it's observed all over our universe as leading and trailing singularities
@Ihsan_khan00
@Ihsan_khan00 Год назад
thanks
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