The Greatest Roman Hoax - That Fooled EVERYONE

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...ok, ok at least the name of the mountain range is fake.... I just couldn't fit that all in. Enjoy.
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Welcome to this weeks offering. We take a look at how The Forgery from Charles Julius Betram fooled the world for 100 years. Taking in the greats such as William Stukeley the forgery was that good mapping features are still named after it today.
Credits:
Thumbnail Design: Rowan Whitewick
Credits: Music: Storyblocks
Sound Effects: Epidemicsound and Storyblocks
Voice of Betram and Stukeley: Matthew Evan Jones: www.mandy.com/uk/a/matthew-jo...
ALL Lidar: EA Via Phil Barrett (Twitter: @Phil_M_Barrett )
Additional Footage: Storyblocks - artgrid.io
Additional Drone Footage:
Maps: OS Maps Crown Copyright 2023 - Media License.
Maps: Google Maps.
Maps: National Library of Scotland
William Roys Maps and drawings: National Library of Scotland
Maps: All other Maps credit below where applicable.
Filter: Snowman Digital and Beachfront B-Roll
Other Filters: Storyblocks
Other Credits:
William Roy Plaque picture: Spudgun67
Royal Danish National academy picture: Heb
Stukeley Head portrait: I Wood
Gentlemens Magazine: Google.
Main Sources:
roadsofromanbritain.org/bertr...
Book Purchased: William Stukeley: An account of Richard of Cirencester.
www.amazon.co.uk/Description-...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Des...
hoaxes.org/archive/permalink/d...

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Опубликовано:

29 июл 2023

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Комментарии : 406

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

...ok, at least the name of the Mountain range is fake and should probably be called something else! But hey, I couldn't fit all that in.

@KenFullman 11 месяцев назад

Would have been interesting to see more of the actual content of the hoax. Will you be doing any follow up videos to delve into the details?

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

@@KenFullman the issue is that the only sources I have are the main book I purchased. It doesn't make for a great video... its all itineries.

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

It was called the Peaks in Old English.

@selkie76 10 месяцев назад

I'm disappointed - I was looking forward to a shocking exposé detailing how the Romans had simply piled huge quantities of earth on a previously vast flatland. ^_~

@conkadonk4976 10 месяцев назад

May Rory and his family be cursed for all time ✌️🕊🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

@peterchristian7885 11 месяцев назад

When you said Richard had to wait three years to get the copy of said manuscript I thought straightaway, That's roughly how long it would take to write/draw. good video thoroughly enjoyed it

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

100% that.

@Bender24k 11 месяцев назад

I've learned more about your country from this channel than in all my prior years on this earth. Cheers from New York!

@user-or4hs7xq9u 7 месяцев назад

I've learnt so much about the world via youtube and on "Street View". I respect all the great non governmental, non corporate historians, current affairs and commenters who share knowledge

@SoupieGuitar 7 месяцев назад

So have I, and I live in the UK 🤦‍♂️😆 lol

@bl7355 5 месяцев назад

You are right. This channel is excellent. May I also recommend a BBC series named Coast! You will find it very much in the same vein.

@user-or4hs7xq9u 5 месяцев назад

@@bl7355 I have huge respect for Neil Oliver (BBC Coast) lives in my town, decent (family) man.

@Takedownairsoft1 Месяц назад

There’s actually a bit of London rubble from the blitz, used to help build one of the river banks in New York!

@chrish5319 11 месяцев назад

Thank you, that was really excellent, loved the little elements like the rotating map, the puff of dust from the shoes, the voice over etc. They really make a difference to the overall feel. And it was an interesting story to tell.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

You're very welcome!

@vaiyt 7 месяцев назад

The way Bertram presents the document to Stukeley is like, textbook pseudoscience psychological manipulation. The tricks have changed nothing since then.

@martinmarsola6477 11 месяцев назад

Another great trip back in time. I’m convinced you’ll figure out these puzzles left by history. Glad to see and Rebecca again. Cheers mates ❤❤😊😊

@smallsleepyrascalcat 11 месяцев назад

Oh wow. The quality of your videos has reached a new high. This is so well done, and the work you put into it. I'm looking forward to the next one with antici...

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

🙏🙏🙏

@barrysteven5964 6 месяцев назад

I see Richard of Winchester/Cirencester wrote in Old Czech. 04:40 You live and you learn!! 😂

@Ralphieboy 11 месяцев назад

Don't forget the Sobieski-Stuart brothers' fictional Vestiarium Scoticum which is to a great extent responsible for the lore and traditions surrounding Scottish tartans to this day. It was totally lapped up by the credulous people of their day.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Ooooops

@jackpayne4658 11 месяцев назад

Stukeley was a fascinating character. He lived at a perfect time for his enthusiasm to overreach his actual scholarship. An age of 'gentleman amateurs', whose creativity ranged from the ground-breaking to the delusional. Stukeley played a founding role in the 'rediscovery' (or reinvention) of the Druids as a magnet for historical fantasies of many kinds.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

I am nicking that sentence. "...his enthusiasm to overreach his actual scholarship."

@royfearn4345 11 месяцев назад

@@pwhitewickThe current British parliament is still half full of 'gentlemen amateurs'. They're not a total waste of space but anything they say should be taken with a considerable pinch of salt.

@uingaeoc3905 11 месяцев назад

The current Druid movement is as big a fraud as the 'Knights Templars'.

@chrisoneill3999 10 месяцев назад

Sort of like an eighteenth century Robert F Kennedy Jr.

@uingaeoc3905 10 месяцев назад

@@chrisoneill3999 No - more like a Fauci.

@Hairnicks 11 месяцев назад

So interesting, loving your new format, so professional, lovely filming.

@user-ug2wk7db2g 11 месяцев назад

Bertram was about 24-25 and possibly not even graduated at the time, but undoubtedly ambitious towards gaining academic recognition. Which apart from this aberration he did. Motive. I believe he wanted to gain recognition from Stukeley which in turn he could use to good purpose in his desire to progress in his institution in Denmark. Once Stukeley took the bait Bertram couldn't do anything but fully commit. Hence the three years delay. Bertram was responsible for setting about teaching English in Denmark suggesting nobody around him would have questioned what he was up to. To his fellow academics he was in the white heat of research with a leading English antiquarian. Ticks all the academic rise up the greasy pole. Not the first and not the last.

@pwhitewick 10 месяцев назад

I think you could well be on to something.

@barrydevonshire9749 11 месяцев назад

Really well produced. Just like the good documentaries the BBC used to produce. Thanks

@SteamCrane 11 месяцев назад

"Used to"!

@stalfithrildi5366 10 месяцев назад

@@SteamCraneUsed to. Agreed.

@SteamCrane 10 месяцев назад

@@stalfithrildi5366 Same in the US. Bought a good big screen a few years ago, unplugged it a couple years ago. Nothing to watch. Used to watch a lot of sports, until they stopped being sports.

@Flymochairman1 10 месяцев назад

Fantastic article altogether. That sort of depth of reading does hold me enthrawled. Thank you Paul and Rebecca. Cheers!

@andrewashdown3541 6 месяцев назад

I gave up waiting for you to cut to the chase and get to the point ... the internet waits for no-one

@pennybunny 6 месяцев назад

I gave up as well. Obvious click bait video

@niyanlan8928 7 месяцев назад

Such a gem of a channel - keep up the good work and thank you!

@calebwright6151 11 месяцев назад

Another fine production from the Whitewick team.... Very interesting & informative... Well done Paul & Rebecca.. As always looking forward to the next amazing production.. Bravo..

@davie941 11 месяцев назад

hello again Paul and Rebecca, this was so interesting , really well done and thank you 😊😍

@RobEJC 11 месяцев назад

Excellent video. Video work and production tell great tales with good use of static imagery.

@bobsrailrelics 11 месяцев назад

Wonderfully researched as usual and beautifully shot.

@Nastyswimmer 11 месяцев назад

The "Grampius/Grampium" error is a bit more complex than that - Tacitus actually named the mountain and battle site as "Mons Graupius" (with two 'u's). The error in the 1476 print was to change the second 'u' to 'm' - "Grampius". Presumably Stukeley compounded this by also changing the 's'.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for clarifying.

@graceygrumble 11 месяцев назад

The study of anything and everything has always been hampered by bell-ends.

@ajay-xjs 9 месяцев назад

I really love your camera work, the scenery makes me homesick!

@shirleylynch7529 11 месяцев назад

Fascinating stuff. Really interesting. Thank you Paul. You never cease to entertain us.

@familylife3624 11 месяцев назад

Really liked this one Paul , great bit of historical facts and research well done 😊

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Many thanks

@fredericomba 10 месяцев назад

Thanks for this video. It's always useful to have more examples of people deliberately trying to corrupt memory so that we may raise our guards.

@JelMain 6 месяцев назад

It's always a fine line in research, particularly when different versions of history exist - the British take on Agincourt is the redacted version left after the Tudor censors focused on glorification of Gloriana and England, erasing everything in a wider context such as the HRE's need to unite Christendom against the Ottoman threat to their eastern holdings, whence the Council of Constance, which fought off every effort to hijack the Church agenda. Firstly Jan Hus was burned at the stake, then the French were disposed of - the "starving army" is BS, Henry had his fleet offshore and was headed into Flemish Burgundy, his allies. The result is a secondary sources only view of history controlled by the "experts" who've not had a new thought in their lives. The Agincourt comment is a part of wider study which has the Dan Brown nonsense using it as cred, via his sources, the Baigent Holy Blood fuss rooted in Plantard's Priory of Sion conspiracy theory - which itself sowed the seeds for the WEF conspiracy theorists. I was caught up in the Millennium Apocalypticists fuss, as part of this - which makes life hard when you're in the area.

@richieixtar5849 11 месяцев назад

Very interesting and extremely well orated Paul, Thank you both, worth waiting till Sunday for :)

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Our pleasure!

@rdstedall 11 месяцев назад

What a great short film! Keep up the good work

@th60of 11 месяцев назад

I don't quite get the Grampius thing. In the document shown it says Ad montem Grampium. Since ad requires the accusative case, Grampium is perfectly fine, isn't it?

@philipclark8307 10 месяцев назад

I always enjoy your vids, thank you. However, I am a little confused , in what way are the Pennines a hoax?

@nikiTricoteuse 10 месяцев назад

Oh, thank goodness l'm not the only one. Got to the end of the video wondering the same thing but, thought it was just me being distracted.

@BarbaryCorsair 10 месяцев назад

Same here

@maverickdisco4036 11 месяцев назад

Another fascinating piece of our history. Keep up the good work.

@goldfish2379 6 месяцев назад

This is fabulous! Where has this channel been all my life?

@pwhitewick 6 месяцев назад

Welcome. 🙏❤️

@user-fo9bv2mm1g 7 месяцев назад

As a former North Pennines resident, I used to call the North Pennines the North Pennines.

@nilo70 11 месяцев назад

Thank you for making this wonderful episode ! It was educational and entertaining ! Cheers From California 😊

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Our pleasure!

@PeterBishop-np3ny 11 месяцев назад

As always Paul tells a great story extremely well

@notmozart1 11 месяцев назад

Great video and well explained as always!!Thank you.

@kevinbyrne4538 11 месяцев назад

3:25 -- De Situ Britanniae (On the Situation of Britain) by Richard of Cirencester 3:32 -- William Stukeley (1687 - 1765) 4:20 -- Charles Julius Bertram (1723-1765)

@barrieshepherd7694 11 месяцев назад

Paul one of you best insight videos and many thanks for the research and work putting it together. You passion for maps is fantastic.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thanks 👍

@RogerThat2021 11 месяцев назад

Great episode this week guys . A+

@JohnDlugosz 7 месяцев назад

Opening- "no maps of Scotland" That reminds me of an episode of the original _Connections_ with James Burke. As I recall, it was the invention of a powerful chemical light source that allowed accurate surveys to be made in the fog and persistent hazy air.

@harry9392 11 месяцев назад

I have walked the the Pennines and visited parts of Hadrians wall so were did I walk

@jenniferharrison4319 10 месяцев назад

You waked the Pennines.👍 It is just a generic name for all the fells, peaks, tors and dales. A lot of fuss about nothing. I don’t think it matters where the name came from. However, l never go to Cumbria. For me it will always be The Lakes 🤣

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

I had a Row with someone on another channel, who said the Apennines were named after the Pennines or some such tosh. I patiently explained the as you have here and they went crazy. Similar is the Grampian mountains in Scotland. Tacitus refers to Mons Graupius in the Agricola. This may be the Mounth near Aberdeen. A medieval Italian cartographer rendered it as Mons Grampius, and the Grampians were named for a spelling error.

@neiloflongbeck5705 11 месяцев назад

Bad spelling is one of Terry Pratchett's jokes - bear hunters would go up the tree-less Bear Mountain and cone back unsuccessfully..

@stalfithrildi5366 10 месяцев назад

@@neiloflongbeck5705i used to live in Bearwood which had Bears as iconography at all the events, etc. It meant the cleared wood in Early English.

@neiloflongbeck5705 10 месяцев назад

@@stalfithrildi5366 probably named before the invention of spelling and a real world example of Pratchett's joke.

@leonardjackman354 11 месяцев назад

Look forward to your videos on a Sunday.

@jimharris8854 8 месяцев назад

Awesome video, I've been looking for more details on this recently, and this is way beyond my dreams! Maybe one day we will find the Roman name for Irchester. Isannavitia is a possibility...

@pwhitewick 8 месяцев назад

Thanks Jim

@micksherman7709 7 месяцев назад

Very interesting but why does he pronounce Bertram as Beitram?

@biggles50405 11 месяцев назад

Yet another great production, a great tale of misguided writings of experts that is still happening today in many areas of science and archaeology. I did fear that you might have an unwanted visitor when sat in the heath-land from an Adder though 🤨 Always look forward to your videos each week, thanks for another.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Ah yes, I did keep my eyes peeled.

@swtelfer1 11 месяцев назад

Excellent production and fascinating story

@andykopgod 11 месяцев назад

Fascinating paul, great video m8 💪👏

@trevorkent7916 11 месяцев назад

Yet again another well put together video.

@steveparkinson8887 11 месяцев назад

Awesome, so glad you've slowed down and concentrated..... Didnt batrum have a cousin who had a liason with stukely, maybe a reason??

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Oooooh.... did he now???

@scotbotvideos 7 месяцев назад

Superb documentary, Paul and Rebecca.

@pbcanal1 11 месяцев назад

Dr, Karen Gray from Maryland coined the phrase of Zombie History. It is when bad history is accepted as fact and then becomes the standard source for others down the line.

@Sim0nTrains 10 месяцев назад

Really interesting story, great video

@tussk. 6 месяцев назад

There was a scholar that visited the area I grew up in, where there had a large Roman presence, as well as along history of druids and other pagan religious groups, all of whom had left thier mark. He was very excited because he had what he claimed was an ancient document, containing a map, that re-wrote the entire history of the West of Scotland. He wanted to unearth the druidic altar that had been buried there to preserve it, but his request was denied, mainly because the map named the country as Caledonia and was clearly a fake, likely produced in the early 20th century. He slunk away with his tail between his legs, and his wallet considerably lighter. A moments research would have shown him that what he had was fraudulent, but in his excitement and hubris, he never thought to check his source. I suspect that Stukeley fell for the same scam, and for the same reasons.

@t.vanoosterhout233 11 месяцев назад

Another wonderful glimpse into the past. Question: has it been possible to separate the fake from the actually useful work of Stukeley?

@MyTv- 11 месяцев назад

Excellent video, this is YT at its best! Love the expression, “a fabricated truth”.

@dilwyn1 11 месяцев назад

This is going to be great !!

@lindamccaughey6669 11 месяцев назад

Loved that thanks, so very interesting. Please take care

@WC21UKProductionsLtd 11 месяцев назад

Very enjoyable telling of a story I’d forgotten. Bit of a fan of Stukeley, although he messed up big time on this one! Thanks for putting so much effort into your Roman-based content.

@davidberlanny3308 11 месяцев назад

Excellent video, really enjoyed watching, well done!!

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thank you very much!

@davee430 7 месяцев назад

that was fascinating and excellently presented. Thank you

@mackenziefan5019 11 месяцев назад

An additional minim was placed alongside the two minims which made the first 'u' in Graupius creating the word "Grampius". It is from this mis-spelling that we get the "Grampian Mountains" of Northern Scotland.

@mzaliwa 11 месяцев назад

Paul seems to have taken a very strange route as he delivered his most interesting lecture. Starting on Iping Common and then via Linch Ball on the South Downs Way before descending the steps on Maysleith Hanger. Then suddenly we are back at Milland Church and Tuxlith Chapel at the top of the steps. Then it's back to Iping and the mansio, And was there a bit of Chapelcommon too? recording all the sections of the talk in logical order shows a mastery of logistics, Well done!

@apuldram 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for Maysleith Hanger, dint know that one 😅

@MikeRodger 10 месяцев назад

Fascinating Paul. Thanks

@billmmckelvie5188 11 месяцев назад

Well that'll go down well here in Yorkshire! I don't see how anyone living on a billiard table can say that our hills are fake! Even the French wanted to ride our Pennines in the 2014 Tour de France. If the name Pennines is fake we Tykes get to rename them, and the name will probably be t' Dales! 😅

@SteveW139 11 месяцев назад

The Lancashire Dales! 😀

@benholroyd5221 11 месяцев назад

I vote for 'ee ups and downs'

@jenniferharrison4319 10 месяцев назад

🤣🤣 from rival Lancashir. We share them too

@jbodden6977 7 месяцев назад

HALFWAY THROUGH THE HISTORY OF THE CLOCK AND I STILL DON'T KNOW WHAT TIME IT IS... BYE.

@davebinsweden 11 месяцев назад

Excellent! Really enjoyed this one.

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Many thanks!

@richardrozmanowski8753 4 месяца назад

Your enthusiasm, energy and thirst for knowledge is very enjoyable to watch. Why do you think the local population not adopt the Roman way of life?

@oneteaminbristolbcfc 11 месяцев назад

Thanks for this

@philstraintravels9281 11 месяцев назад

A brilliant video and I love these production values (standards?) As always very informative and I look forward to seeing the next one.

@VoidLantadd 6 месяцев назад

You know someone's a RU-vid OG when they call the description the "dooblydoo"

@endamurphy1281 7 месяцев назад

Excellent presentation …. Engaging and informative …

@sam1812seal 6 месяцев назад

I can almost hear my very Welsh Latin master telling off someone about 2nd declension nouns. Grampius boy, not Grampium! It’s a name so it’s nominative not accusative! (Yes, Monty Python’s Life of Brian Latin lesson was very close to the truth)

@chrisstephens6673 11 месяцев назад

Got to love a good hoax, the social media are full of them these days!😅

@dianespears6057 11 месяцев назад

Excellent. Thank you.

@vicsaunders9710 7 месяцев назад

Nice work 👍

@davidfowler4741 7 месяцев назад

Is Bertram really pronounced "Baytrum" ?

@DS-xg9kf 11 месяцев назад

What an amazing video. Thank you

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thank you too!

@Old_Sod 10 месяцев назад

Great work. Standard.

@michaelhaywood8262 Месяц назад

I have thought of the possibility that they were called the Pennines by Romans serving on Hadrians Wall after the much higher Apennines in Italy. In spite of the more modest height of the English range and the colder climate, they may have made up the name to mind them of home. Hadrian's Wall bisects the northern Pennines.

@harriehausenman8623 7 месяцев назад

Why the audio shutter-effect?

@ruben_balea 10 месяцев назад

1747: Lots of Roman places nobody heard of before, it has to be true because I read it in a manuscript... 2012: Alan MacMasters invented the electric toaster, it has to be true because I read it on the Wikipedia...

@Layorgenla 16 дней назад

0:05 Coincidentally watching this on June the 11th haha

@antonioveritas 11 месяцев назад

Nice to see Rebecca at the end! Since the channel is called "Paul and Rebecca " it would be nice to see more of her if possible? You two work best as a team. I especially like Rebecca's facial expressions in response to what Paul is saying! 😂

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

We enjoy the mix at the moment. :-)

@antonioveritas 11 месяцев назад

@@pwhitewick Or maybe Rebecca could present, and Paul could pull faces?! 😉

@sugarnads 10 месяцев назад

Thirsty

@allanfoster6965 11 месяцев назад

Super stuff 👌

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thank you 👍

@richardland9668 11 месяцев назад

This might be interesting you know it’s Orkney was named Pomona by the Romans… although translates as the island of soft fruit they may not actually got there, just new of it’s existence…

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

How curious. I wonder why they thought "soft fruit". Goddess of fruit! Same as the town in california and an island in Manchester.b

@Escapee5931 11 месяцев назад

Are bilberries found in Orkney? They're common in upland areas on the mainland.

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

The Romans called them the Orcades.

@TheROLLER1953 6 месяцев назад

Roy was a rogue

@cejannuzi 7 месяцев назад

According to the History Times website: The latter, occupying the modern Peak District, was better land than in the north, and was probably the main base of the 'Kings of the Pennines' while the territory remained undivided. The name 'Pennines' probably derives from the Celtic 'penn' which means 'mountain', or 'summit' (literally 'head'). The name was also applied to the Apennines in Italy, perhaps by the Celtic inhabitants of its northern reaches. The name would have been formed as 'penn-inus', meaning that it certainly originates in the pre-Anglo-Saxon domination of the region.

@pwhitewick 7 месяцев назад

Fascinating, thank you. Most of my research for this came from the Roman Road Research Association. I shall pass this on

@user-it7lf7kk8m 6 месяцев назад

One of the big seats of the Anglo Saxon kingdoms at the time was Repton (Mercia) which is in modern terms just south of the white peak or peak district (according to taste) on the flatter planes of the Trent valley.it had a fair bit of viking attention as well. So much so that even Megan Fox of transformers fame came to Repton to do an investigative TV programme there. I came for Megan Fox, but stayed for the content , as it was surprisingly interesting from a historical point of view. Iirc nearby Lichfield was also a bit shot back in the day. I don't know if any of this is relevant, I am just following on from the last post.

@andrewashdown3541 6 месяцев назад

Pseuds corner .. everyone is a self-made histor-antiquary now, from Oliver 'caveman' Neil to Dan the Pisstory Man

@Cody-zd2ye 11 месяцев назад

In Blackpool lancs we have a hill called warbreck hill it is sometimes known as beacon hill .it turns out that the Romans had a beacon fire to warn surrounding areas of a Viking attack.

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

Romans: 55BC to 410AD. Vikings in Britain 797AD to 1042. As someone said, zombie history. Beacons were widely used for centuries. You’ll find some are called Toot hills or tut hills (London has a Tuthill Fields, for example). When James VI of Scotland inherited the thrones of England and Ireland in 1603, the signal was sent to Edinburgh by beacon fires.

@antonioveritas 11 месяцев назад

@@Joanna-il2urMaybe the Vikings never invaded while the Romans were here because the beacons kept them away! 😂

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

@@antonioveritas not only were there no Vikings, there was no Denmark.

@antonioveritas 11 месяцев назад

@@Joanna-il2ur So no Danish bacon in those days?!

@Joanna-il2ur 11 месяцев назад

@@antonioveritas double underlined

@davidtomsett 7 месяцев назад

Is that Ashdown Forest?

@garyfrancis6193 7 месяцев назад

I always thought that.

@jonathandorr2234 7 месяцев назад

I tune in out of curiosity. My Greatest, grand father, 16x generation, from 1580-90, was a friend , of the queen, who ‘had no heirs, and sustained 14 attempts on her life. He sent his sons, and so forth to be the 1st ,3 governors of ‘The Massa-choose-its Bay Colony, in 1632. Robert Dudley from Leister-Shire,a ‘land’ owner, involved in sheep’s wool, and concerned for England future.🤔

@brendandarkside1207 6 месяцев назад

The Rev Stukeley was most likely a druid or freemason more interested in symbolism and it's mystique than history. In his treatment of London he recounts raking a cheese from the Thames symbolic of moonraking.

@battlez9577 7 месяцев назад

Interesting look into the histiography, reminiscent of CambrianChronicles most recent vid

@pwhitewick 6 месяцев назад

Love that channel!

@hainanbob6144 11 месяцев назад

And today it is even easier to fool the world, just use the internet. Not aimed at you two, Paul and Rebecca, I trust you implicitly! Great video, as always, thanks.

@mancroft 11 месяцев назад

Hence the expression 'Roman in the gloman'.

@austinhallmark7060 11 месяцев назад

Thanks

@pwhitewick 11 месяцев назад

Thank you.

@gregboi183 7 месяцев назад

I finish this video not remotely understanding the nature of the hoax, and quite frustrated at the lack of a strong link to the Romans or Pennines

@pwhitewick 7 месяцев назад

Have another watch. Its quite clear.

@peterweeks2066 6 месяцев назад

@@pwhitewick You don't make it clear at all what the consequences were, if any, to our understanding today of Roman Britain, and place names. For example, are there any towns or cities today which think their Roman name was such and such on the basis of this fake alone?