Szanuję mapkę Polski za czasów legendarnych (od Piasta po Mieszka I) i za zadbanie o najmniejsze szczegóły takie jak Kurlandzkie kolonie i strefę okupacyjną Niemiec, a potem Iraku, kawał dobrej roboty.
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
No chłopie, szacun! :) To chyba najlepszy mapping historii Polski jaki widziałem! :D Bo w każdym innym zawsze czegoś brakuje albo są błędy. :/ Duże plusy za uwzględnienie +czasów prepiastowskich +szlaków i miejsc ważnych bitew i powstań +zdjęcia premierów i I sekretarzy +podziały jednostek administracyjnych +okres drugiej wojny światowej, który totalnie został pominięty przez Danzig Mappera, pomimo iż ten też wykonał kawał dobrej roboty Jedyny minus to że nie pokazywałeś które miasta były w poszczególnych latach stolicami ale to i tak kawał dobrej roboty! :)
Jest 1 gruby błąd, pokazanie Polski jako niepodległej po drugiej wojnie, a w latach 1945-1989 była zależność wasalna od ZSRR, Polska państwem satelickim.
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
Zaskakująca i nie sprawiedliwa Historia Polski. Ale takie jest życie. Bardzo chciałbym odwiedzić Polske jako turysta. Pozdrowienia z Rosji ✌️ze światem 🇵🇱🇷🇺
Sprawiedliwa, dupki się kłócili o władzę, cuckold Poniatowski latał za carycą Katarzyną zamiast się krajem zajmować, to się skończyło tak jak się to musiało skończyć...
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
Since the 18th century, Poland has been treated sort of like the punching bag of Europe. They got conquered so many times for the most pointless reasons ever. If I was born Polish, which I wasn't, I would have literally weeped at the 1939 invasion. Even as an American, I still feel bad for any nation that was mistreated.
France decided that letting Germany conquer Poland and using the Maginot line and the naval blockade to starve them out like in WW1 would be a better option than an invasion from the west, which would have caused a lot more casualties and been more risky. They did not predict that Germany would make an agreement with the Soviet Union, allowing the Germans to conquer France thanks to their new trading ally. Very unfortunate mistake.
@@rafexrafexowski4754 So the USSR proposed Entente 2.0 in 1938. France agreed, but Britain refused. What do you think the USSR should have done? Give western Belarus and Ukraine to the Germans? So that we could then lose the war. The plain that runs from Poland to the Urals is very difficult to defend. Everyone wants to protect their country. The USSR was afraid that capitalist Europe would attack. The Axis (NATO) is afraid that the USSR will attack.
@@tottot5924 I'm not saying that a German-Soviet alliance in 1939 was not a smart move. It for sure was one. France and Britain however did not predict that the Germans would ever set aside their ideological differences with the Soviets and sign a non-aggression pact. This simply seemed like a decision against the ideological goals of both sides.
@@rafexrafexowski4754 The USSR could be attacked from two sides. It seems logical to me that the USSR signed a non-aggression pact. The USSR helped China so that Japan would get stuck there and would not be able to strike with all its might. And the European countries thought that they could cope with Hitler themselves. Then all of Europe would be under their influence. France, Britain and the USSR did not agree on this. And this was very beneficial for Hitler.
Duke Konrad of Masovia invited the Teutonic Knights in the early XIII century which lead to 300 years of conflict and 1525 creation of protestant Prussia after final Knights' defeat by Poland which ended up partitioning our country. Talk about bad choices...
W ogóle nie uwzględniono zmian granicy polsko-słowackiej w XX wieku, przez co w filmiku terytoria, które obecnie są w Polsce, są przedstawione jako słowackie
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
no, it was a personal union in Jagiellon times: means two countries under one monarch; Lithuania was part of the Republic after 1569@@GreatPolishWingedHussars
@@walterweiss7124 Yes, this personal union meant the Polonization of Lithuania and Lithuania was therefore no longer an independent country, but part of the Polish Empire.
Українська пісня Вступ: | G | D H7 | Em | H7 Em H7 Em | Em Гей, десь там, де чорні води, H7 Сів на коня козак молодий. Em Плаче молода дівчина,* H7 Em H7 G D ** Їде козак з Укра_ їни. Приспів: G Гей, гей, гей, соколи, D H7 Оминайте гори, ліси, доли. Em Дзвінь, дзвінь, дзвінь, дзвіночку, H7 Em H7 G D Степовий жайво_ ро_ ночку! G Гей, гей, гей, соколи, D H7 Оминайте гори, ліси, доли. Em Дзвінь, дзвінь, дзвінь, дзвіночку, H7 Em H7 Em Мій степовий, дзвінь, дзвінь, дзвінь! Жаль, жаль, за милою, За рідною стороною. Жаль, жаль, серце плаче, Більше її не побачу. Приспів. Плаче, плаче, дівчинонька, Люба моя ластівонька. А я у чужому краю, Серце спокою не має. Приспів. Меду-вина наливайте. Як загину - поховайте На далекій Україні Коло милої дівчини. Приспів.
@@pa1466 region ten od zawsze nazywany był Prusami. Wpierw należał do pogańskich plemion bałtów- Prusów, następnie przeszedł w ręce Zakonu Krzyżackiego, by później stać się zależnym od Królestwa Polskiego. Po 3 rozbiorze Polski Prusy stały się już pełnoprawną własnością rodziny Hohenzollerów, od tamtej pory mieszkańców prus będziemy nazywać Prusakami aż do zjednoczenia Niemiec. Chyba nie muszę pisać co było dalej.
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="510">8:30</a> This synced so well Edit: These 2 aswell <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="391">6:31</a> <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="374">6:14</a>
They didn't. Portraits of rulers from before 16th century, used in this video, were drawn in the 19th century. Honestly it boggles my mind that people still use those depictions, but then again, parts of this video are based entirely on imagination so it's quite fitting.
By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
@@Dnismierci she was both. After meeting Jagiełło she also had another role as a queen while still retaining her status as a king. Therefore there was a time in Polish history where we had two kings married to each other while on of them was a queen at the same time
It was not Poland but a Commonwealth of many nations (about 20). There was no nationality but nobility. The country was ran like the European Union. The voice had only nobility. The true name was not Poland but : "the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania".
Teoretycznie masz rację, ale takie przedstawienie znacznie ułatwia sprawę. Popatrz jak przedstawiane jest cesarstwo niemieckie, też jako całość a nie jako kilkadziesiąt księstw. Król polski był przecież jednocześnie wielkim księciem litewskim, a tytuł króla jest wyżej niż księcia, więc takie uproszczenie ma sens.
Your claims are nonsense and contradicts historical reality. As if these were equal nations. That was a Polish empire and these nations had to submit. By the way, the video is actually pretty good! Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire since the 1385 treaty of Krewo, as are other territories. Because of the personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385, Poland became an empire and Lithuania, like other territories, was part of the Polish Empire. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was the adoption of Polish administrative divisions and offices like voivode and castellan by Lithuania. Even more important was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. Because of this possibility of heraldic adoption, Poland had a much higher proportion of nobles than other European kingdoms. In Poland, the proportion of nobles in the total population was already 10-15% in the 16th century, in the rest of Europe it was 1%. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. What was also good was that it was shown that the Polish king also ruled Sweden with Finland for a short time. Unfortunately, because of his inability, he lost control of Sweden and Finland again BUT...what is bad is that the video does not show that the Polish Empire ruled Russia in 1610. Unfortunately, the same king Sigismund III Vasa lost rule over Russia because of the same incompetence as he previously lost rule over Sweden and Finland. What is also negative is that the historically wrong term "Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth" is used, although at least Lithuania is shown as part of the Polish Empire, although the wrong term is used to name the state. Unfortunately, many people and historians use the wrong term commonwealth in connection with Polish history. You too! But the term Commonwealth is inappropriate because it gives the impression that the state was a common wealth for Poles and Lithuanians alike. So the common wealth served both nations equally. But in reality the Lithuanians had to submit to the Poles and were largely Polonized and thus assimilated. It was actually a Polish empire completely dominated by the Poles. Lithuania was completely dominated by the Polish Empire like also the Ruthenians who were the ancestors of the Belarusians and Ukrainians. Poles completely dominated them all. The Lithuanians were voluntarily polonized and the Ruthenians partly too. All relevant was Polish like also the Polish currency Polski Złoty. Złoty means golden in Polish. The capitals of the entire state were the Polish cities of Krakow and Warsaw. The ruling Poles have also determined what the state should be called Polisch Rzeczpospolita! The Polish name was then adopted by the Lithuanians into the Lithuanian languages as "Žečpospolita". By the way, Polish term for nobility ”szlachta” was also adopted into Lithuanian as ”šlėkta” like many other Polish words. The majority of the loanwords in Lithuanian were from Polish. Polish dominance about the Lithuanians, so also about the Ruthenians illustrates also that the Polish king automatically became the grand duke of Lithuania. That was by far not the only additional title of the Polish kings. For example, the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa had in addition to the Polish royal title, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Grand Duke of Finland, Prince of Rus, Prussia, Mazovia, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlaskie, Severia, Czernihów, Samogitia, Livonia, also Hereditary King of Sweden. Rus stands for Russia because the Poles ruled large areas of Russia at the time, and even Moscow was briefly occupied by Polish troops. Samogitia stands for the Baltic States, which the Polish king largely ruled. Hereditary king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland because the Polish king was also the king of Sweden for a short time. But he lost the power in Sweden and Finland. This list of titles makes it clear that Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of the many titles of the Polish king. But the most important title was always King of Poland. In the end, the title Grand Duke of Lithuania was just one of many Polish king's titles. The title was particularly important only at the beginning of the Polish rule over Lithuania, when the Lithuanian nobility was not yet Polonized. At that time the Poles still had to pretend the Lithuanian nobility that this was not a takeover. The treaty of Krewo for personal union of Poland with Lithuania in 1385 was the first step in Poland's takeover of Lithuania. This union was declared indissoluble. This personal union meant that the Polish king should also be the ruler of Lithuania. In fact, the union treaty also contained the provision of the attaching of Lithuanian and Ruthenian lands to the Polish Crown. However, the various other treaties which followed this treaty actually meant the takeover and Polonization of Lithuania too. A significant resolution was that in total 47 selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish nobles heraldic families and granted Polish coats of arm. This symbolic gesture signified their desire to adopt Polish customs and integrate into Polish society. This was part of Poland's significantly increased Polonization of Lithuania. Thus the Union of Krewo in 1385 signified the beginnings of the strengthened Polonization of Lithuania. Strengthened Polonization because the Polonization actually started before the Union of Krewo, because Lithuania was Christianized from Poland. Priests, especially from Poland, Christianized Lithuania and priests had great influence at that time, so there was already a Polish Influence in Lithuania before the Union of Krewo. So the Polonization of Lithuania started with the Christianization and was finally completed with the Union of Lublin. Using the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is absolutely wrong. Because this Polish state was a Polish Empire which was completely dominated by the Poles and the use of Lithuania in the name of the state is nonsensical, as it suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! Besides that the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a mistranslation and is therefore wrong. This term is wrong because the term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a modern invention in connection with Poland. A nonsensical invention by historians that does not correspond to reality. Moreover, the term is being used incorrectly because the Polish term Rzeczpospolita has been mistranslated as Commonwealth. So the term Commonwealth is used because of an incorrect translation. For that reason alone, one should not use this term. But the term should also not be used because the use of Lithuania in the name suggests a kind of equality that did not exist! The term Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not used at all in earlier times. It would be appropriate to speak of Rzeczpospolita is the traditional and official name of the Polish Empire as a whole, including all duchies and and all ruled territories. The name of the state Rzeczpospolita is a combination of rzecz "thing, matter" and pospolita "common", a calque of the Latin res publica (res "thing" + publica "public, common"), so the republic, incorrectly translated as Commonwealth in English. By the way, in Poland, the word Rzeczpospolita is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while other republic is referred to in Polish as "republika". Used in international treaties and diplomacy, the state has been called the most serene ( most high) Rzeczpospolita Poland (Polish: Najjaśniejsza Rzeczpospolita Polska, Latin: Serenissima Res Publica Poloniae or also Rzeczpospolita of the Polish Kingdom or Rzeczpospolita of Poland. Its residents simply referred it in the everyday language as Rzeczpospolita or Poland occasionally also the crown. But the state was never called Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Never!!! If one wants to use a more modern term one can use Polish Empire as also the term Swedish Empire is used. In any case, it would make sense to use the Polish proper name Rzeczpospolita as a designation for this state, which was actually still internationally common in the 19th century when talking about Poland before the partitions. The term Rzeczpospolita seems difficult to pronounce for non-Poles. But that is not the case at all. With a little practice, anyone can pronounce the term correctly, even you. A little help: Rz is pronounced like the "isi" in vision. So virzon sounds like vision. Cz sounds like the "ch" in church. So Czurcz sounds like church. But if one just use "sh" instead of "rz", that sounds close to Polish. "Ch" can be used instead of "cz". So Shechpospolita would be written in English, which could be pronounced without problems. So there is no reason not to use this correct term.
No the vast majority of Poland does not. But areas around Gdansk (Danzig), Upper and Lower Silesias sort of do. The architecture is mainly German, and the culture has mere influences. But generally those areas have a culture of their own not to be seen anywhere else. Both Silesias have their own flags, food, folk clothes and dialects.
At present, it is better to be a protector of the United States than under Chinese occupation like the Uighurs or the Tibetans. Ask the people of Taiwan what they prefer.
The common history of Lithuania and Poland is not only the history of Poland.Because the history of Poland, dominated by Lithuania, can be presented in the same way.Just as Poland could not grow without Lithuania, so Lithuania could not strengthen. But history has shown that the union was not strong.
Not by modern Lithuania, that Lithuanians from old times where Rusthenians modern Balerussians, Poland go grow even faster with Hungary we could chose.
@@labaslietuva8824 No mate, Lithuania have to ally with Poland becose Russian Tzardom and Teutonic Order wanted annihiliate them. Still You got same problem you are betwen Kalliningrad and Balerus.
Polish First Armoured Division which was in the British army got an 'enclave' to maintain. Poles knew that this wouldn't last forever, so they expelled all the Germans from Haren city to surrounding communities and brought Polish soldiers and workers in Germany to the town. They also renamed city name to Maczków (PFAD general surname) and street names to Polish names. There were schools, newspapers, hospitals, just like in a regular city. About 500 Poles were born in this town. Sadly, the Germans returned to city after Poles had to leave in 1948 (division dissollution).
