The Indus Script DeMystified: Origins, Character and Disappearance 

@@nickdon and who are they?

@@ahummbrahmasmi It was a cosmopolitan bunch neither Dravidian nor Munda nor Indo Aryan but varying admixtures of them all with an Indo Aryan Cline to the north, Dravidian to the South and Munda/Tharu/Kusunda to the East , with some more Dravidian to the East. to the West maybe Elamitic , Euphratic and Proto Scythian.

@@ArrowBast and the proof?

I have been reading seen the finds and trying to learn scripts similarities from rocks carvings, palm leaves and other leaves wood, leather, coaches, pots, and clay and stone as well cloth and paparus from Egypt and seen impressions of some signs sun-baked mud in temple peripheries very ancient in south in forests of shrisailam in 1964 near some rishi tapo stalas deep near mallamma kaneeru. Which was tigers infested those times. The aghoris, Saints including women go in groups to secure water forest berries fruits and store food in stone caves with oil litter lamps taking shelters in these rocks. I saw the sand baked symbols and graffiti on mud and stone near markandeya thapo sthala also near Shankara tapo stala if we walk a km down the hill into the valley very dangerous terrain saw weird symbols carved also writings may be by tribal scripts of vanished tribes.

Visited many museums too. Many places of archeological sites. I too tried to dicefer based on dravidic scripts and elamite too. I find elam mentioned in Dravidic writings 2000 years back in Tamil sangam also Taamiz in Arabic countries texts too. Kuwait and Syria- they found lime stone with teaching slate of aramaic to some dravidic brahmi script and number system and symbols like the reverted v as mountain and u as river and upward line with three lines or six lines representing the palm trees and only single line with thirty degrees two lines on each side as farm land of paddy, and number system of pachika a bone which has 1 to 5 dots on each square cube also rectangle cubes. The fish with seven dots on both side represent a game of learning numbers with seeds carved in wood which opens on two sides with seven deep cut cup shape. Two people can play with seeds usually they are with tamarind seeds. Initially learning counting from seeds changed into games. Even china has such wodden instruments which teach maths. Abecus. The fish, now, tree, lines linear and horizontal round dots, square, hexagonal lines cross crossing and lines used in zig zag fashion the swastik symbol and other symbols we still use as muggu patterns in our entrances and in villages were huts are lasted with red soil paint with white chalk these patterns of later I did valley symbols still in tribal belts of Karnataka, AP, TN, Orrisa, Baster and also in almost in villages. These line drawings and symbols are done during harvest festivals and new year and later it became a cultural part to decorate entrances walls with these symbols and drawings. I find Indus symbols and lines dots and animals birds and riverine animals are I'm fact a combination of numbers, signs, composite sentences and trade marks measures and logos as well some mode of communication by traders. I find it to be an isolate by itself. As Elam civilisation had many mix invasions and change that underwent the UR in Telugu is town uru also patinam town may be we got from uruk or ur civilisation pushed or migrated due to wars from ackadians on elam rulers of Uruk destroyed and people moved into the present Indus to Arabian sea islands. It's my personal observation.

Exactly. It would be like somebody finding short-hand and trying to figure out what English is from it.

Welsh is the only survivor ( dialect) of True old British Language.

rakhigari itself is 9000 year old site,so no wonder❤

Indus script is a early form of sanskrit

@@nothingexists5066 It's not.

@@wigglyk2796 it is because it is very similar to vedic sanskrit

@@nothingexists5066 hm I want to hear more about this, in what way is it similar?

Not to mention sea level changes and that we've been anatomically modern for around 250k years. I wouldn't be surprised if there were many civilizations lost to prehistory.

Basically it has a lot to do with politics

Just whiteman's Christianity couldn't accept it, they had their agendas, prozelitisation.

ii have to agree. Indus script on early pottery, very early, is as old or older than early Egyptian, pre-Egyptian or Sumeric symbols found in their trasheaps.

@@marirogers0153 thats not true at all. The Indus script was in the same period with Egyptian scripts . The Egyptian script was derived from Phoenician script. That’s why Ashoka inscribed on his pillars Aramaic scripts.

@@nickdon Sorry, but your historical facts are not so factual sir. Phoenician writing came much later… Egyptian hieroglyphs began after the earliest date for the Indus civilization ( so the IVC lettering could have begun and been developing a thousand year plus or minus before the hieroglyphs time period…) The Egyptian systems evolved over thousands of years from a southern (Africa) Egyptian desert area found on pottery or tags as one of the first examples in that region, as well as on some rock art recently discovered telling of the probable first king of Egyptian dynasties, with pictographs only. The Indus script is phonetic, we know that, it is much more sophisticated and more similar to phonecian writing and other scripts which came later worldwide except Oriental characters. So even tho, the Indus script is perhaps quite earlier than the others as far as being phonetic and advanced in type, mostly, there is much less we know about the ppl simply bc of the relatively small number of digs and recent discoveries of the entire millions of ppl in the wider ranging areas, IVC script would be considered more sophisticated. (along with the qualities of the building and trade networks) as compared with hieroglyphs which are pictographs and sounds represented by pictures that start with that sound. Egyptian and Sumerian writing systems were more simple in style , so were their cities…the Indus region ranks the highest among the three comparatively as the earliest, largest, most accommodating, most logically and mathematically constructed among several other qualities for its earlier time period…The first Pharos to build pyramids larger than mounds with stones brought in or straight bricks were not even born yet when the IVC was well on its way. So IVC and Mesopotamia were more in the similar time period but it is still not known how much earlier the IVC area was inhabited by large numbers of ppl doing complex tasks in contrast to the other ones we are talking about which were focused almost entirely on religious and warring power struggles…which is all there was in the Middle East and Levant throughout time…even until today! That is all that those civilizations have produced lasting to the present other than gold and other precious artifacts, triangular building structures and some medical procedures and religious beliefs, myths and rites passed down thru their beautiful and starkly agressive cultures to much of that area from its early period to continuing , with advanced building and engineering later also influenced by Romans and Greeks. Egypt ceased to be when Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar took their places in history and so it became a much different type of civilization 2000 years ago Cuneiform, which several languages were written in, is amazing tho, in that it is simply a few geometric shapes in varying orders to have enough context to convey the ideas they needed to. So it is not very complex, nor creative as are the other two writing systems Grammar, as we know it today, and all the little words we now use in speech, were not used or written back then in that area…So…Egypt was around for a long period and was the most well known country of its time… and so simply for the reason that many items did not deteriorate in that context, and much was transmitted about it during the 3000 years of time we know much about, motivation has been high to dig up Egypt bc of all the gold and precious riches to be gained by looting Egypt of its goods which were won-and stolen from its neighbors and its ppl to give to the Pharos, Priests and few elites that ran their organizations. Later, when the Phoenicians were putting together ancient symbols of the bull and other important figures from hundreds plus of years in several different cultures, they simplified the sticks and circles to become an alphabet which was much quicker to use, decode and teach to others in any language. Around that time, early greeks began experimenting with some of the same symbols, borrowed from Phoenician travelers, and then later the Romans began using that type of alphabet. The Hebrew writing and others in theLevant don really even fit into the picture here. . The amazing thing tho, is that while all that was beginning and going on from around 3000 BC to 500 BC, in Asia, Sanskrit and Tamil had already been developed as perfect spoken languages, as latin much later would become and not long after they were perfected in oral memory, written forms began to appear and again were created specifically to reflect the perfect spoken language exactly. So it is not surprising that, With the IVC being earliest in its complexity , advanced in purpose for its population, not just for the manifestation of the kings and priests and having to give all the wealth the ppl could produce.

Contact a local University that has an Archeology Dept and ask to volunteer.

Well start on your own backyard first

Yes, you are right. Cause ASI doesn't want want to say the truth or no interest on these important historical field. That means if they found anything related to Sanskrit all Aryans stat talking and spend lot of money and people to do research. It's not important to find out about Tamils history. Indian name was given by Western, Hindu name was given by Western. The whole India was called Tamilar Nadu before. Tamils' scripts were stolen from TN by Aryans and made Sanskrit stories. it's a historical events happened those days.

@Himalayas South Indians are true and original settlers of India!

@Himalayas Indus Valley civilisation is not an Indian civilisation !

Tamil is the oldest language of india not Hindi?

@Cheltook Tribe Hindi is the oldest language in the world? Are you on drugs?

@@nickdon Hindi is just thousand year old

@@bhanupratap1063 what about sanskrit

so what i recently read was that sanscrit evolved from a language x that has many other languages later evolving from it…and that tamil also evolved from this original language around the same time, but in a different line, but there was some connecting between sanscrit and tamil languages which followed from there so over time hindi and it s many languages evolved from the sanscrit language line and the tamil related languages came from the tamil line. so essentially, two different language systems evolved which were sanscrit and tamil after that came every other indian language, on one line or the other, very early on. Sanscrit being earlier than greek, latin and all of the other currently known languages in either of those two lines. no one knows what the origin of the earlier or earliest language of the entire indo european family, but it all began inIndia and the other languages to the west evolved from India and Sanscrit type languages, and in many other places other languages that are not related to tamil from some other place entirely. Tamil languages also have many relatives. Hindi as it is spoken now or in the known past as written down, came a bit later BUT, Hindi also came over time with several other related languages. So neither Tamil or Sanscrit is really older than the other, they both go back to the time of earliest languages we can identify. Hindi etc. came down from Sanscrit early on because its early forms were spoken, not written, as Sanscrit was used for specific purposes over time..

Thought provoking. Thank you.

@Joe Bln who is keeping them from looking? Sic the artists on IVC and let them render their insights. They, also, will be filtered through what is known and assumed. I have been blown away over the last decade by new methods of approach to unknown languages. I have been reading science fiction for close to eighty years (if you allow Flash Gordon Sunday funnies in the early forties), but I have only recently begun to believe it might indeed be possible to render algorithms to translate unknown languages given a decent sampling.

Yes, tamilnadu is center of creation. Tamils are demigods. Periyar is the God and karunanidhi is reincarnation of the God.

@@dheera8889 😂😂bulls eye

@@dheera8889 Your sarcasm proves savages like you won't know how to read research papers to get an update on current archaeological findings. 😆

They can't tolerate the word Tamil.Barbarians.

@@dheera8889 wats so funny buddy??

Based on your study, what does the seal of Pashupati illustrate? What is written on it?

@nancybhati4009 It appears to be a road tax stamp. That claims to go all the way from Pakistan to Africa as a form of protection, and it says they cleared the road using elephants and if you stray off the road it is very dangerous and there is fresh water at places along the road. They have paid a tribute to the chief, who represents a deity, and they are not being specific about the deity, since they claim to be shipping things all the way to Africa. Or are known all the way to Africa as a sheep or goat herding people. So a toll or tax and almost like a charm more than papers of transit. That's my opinion. Its the main route to Egypt they don't call it the silk route they call it something else. And it has a long history that goes back to the ancient builders. (see Praveen Mohan) It actually says the stargate is no longer there. They used to use a stargate to get from India to Egypt. But its written in such a way like the root of a word where the word comes from. So the people using it might not even know that's what it means. As if they were referring to Mesopotamia but the name of Mesopotamia came from the place where the stargate used to be. And has long been lost in translation. So a very tiny reference to a deity usually Horus above a stargate door on a shipping seal, like a Mesopotamian cylinder seal that had a quarantine marking on it against scorpions for goods shipped through the off planet stargate door at Corcancha. Yet the door is stylized. But it does seem to reference a Mesopotamian cylinder seal as part of saying the silk route. Whatever name they had for it at the time. It's impressionistic symbolism, to appeal to different cultures different languages like a dock and common shipping languages that are basic communications. Made by the people involved in trade. So here they are saying they are on the 80 dollar goat system. That is to say that a goat to us today is worth 80 bucks, how many goats is that shipment of wine worth? So a common value and they have goat herders right through to Africa who will befriend you since you paid the toll.

This is a fascinating piece. The cow ears probably represent Hathor, a reference to Hathor, where the stargate door was to Peru, she has that on her head most of the time, but why the cows ears are nipped must be a reference again to the fact the stargate trade system is down, and staying down so they go overland. A Mesopotamian cylinder seal says it was due to a breach of the quarantine and small pox that they removed the stargate door in Peru. And everywhere I guess. So to reference Mesopotamian cylinder seals is to reference the door has been down as reported there, and so since you cannot use the Hathor system, Egyptian record keeping and that trade route, things are different now. So they had a door to Peru for livestock and then a door in Peru at Coricancha. So the large livestock door is the one that cattle went through to Peru. It is a distance from Coricancha since that door was special for goods off planet. And people. But planet wide trade existed using local stargate doors as well as reported everywhere. See Guide of Egypt star gate see Praveen Mohan and stargates in India, see google images star gate Peru. Mesopotamian cylinder seals 3,500 BCE where they talk about stargate doors, and then that seal at 2350-2000 BCE so a thousand years later they probably don't even know what a stargate door is but the language refers to it. Symbolically. We might assume they knew if it was part of their religious paradigm. So a trade network existed but so did so much else like pyramids and stonework using the same metal straps poured in place clamps. And vehicle tracks 14 million years old everywhere. Technology that was similar to modern technology in Ancient Egypt and India. Amazonian civilization that was full of cities and agriculture the entire area farmed. Cities in Mexico. Roads that are everywhere in South America and so the quarantine for small pox didn't save them from the conquistadors whoever was left there in the so called land of the giants. So they switched from cows to goats in the Indus valley. What we find in terms of artifacts for record keeping for trade says they were using stargates in India, Egypt Mesopotamia and Peru. 3500 BCE And one off planet door was also in Peru at Coricancha. So India shipped cattle to Peru, according to the Hathor record keeping system. Where this breaks down is why no elephants? The door was huge to Peru from Egypt it is above Hathor's head in numerous places and easily found in google images Peru stargate. Yet we have this... "Elephants never existed in the Americas and so their presence at Copán on Stela B, which was carved for ruler 18 Rabbit in 731AD, has become a hotly debated topic" No stargate on Easter Island but evidence of a sea route to India and Japan from Peru. Same stone work. It's all a mystery.

​@@Rick1234567Sperhaps the Stargate is the sea, or rather the navigation of waterways

INDEED

Yess it could be and also there's so many petragliphs accross the ancient Hindu temples maybe they have some symbolism in common

Indus script is pictographic and among modern in use languages Chinese is known be be pictographic. It is possible that when the Indus valley civilisation was declining it's people migrated to various places and one branch possibly to China.

So true American made "history" shows drive me nuts

Who hurt you?

Right wing what? Archaeology should have nothing to do w politics.. you'd have to explain that

@@geassamvs426 or the question could be - what hurt you? Some people get very hurt if they witness perceived injustice. Witnessing injustice can be hurtful for some. So not always a ‘who’ question answer.

​@@Kaz.Klay.see Hitler It's Atlantis muskovites Pleiades Matias de Stefano with Gaia and the cia on about the galactic federation with Israel now All that Indiana Jones nazi tomb raiders stuff wasn't too far off base because the ones riding in the car believed in aliens kinda like the scientologists Mormons and witchcraft folks.. Archeology has everything to do with who's got the rightful claim on the territories of the present. May have something to do with the Russia conflict and their belief we are all demon worshipers or something. If not the various ways of saying baphomet enki enlil Ishtar isis that have the abrahamics going at it. F the fing aliens... It's robots dressed like aliens we gotta worry about... Illuminati tesla robots comissioned by the rothschilds that el elyon makes ;)

Not by the Indus people descendants in Tamilnadu. Cow worship is Aryan practice because in their original home Morth Siberian grassland, their wealth was cows and they lived on the milk and milky products. Still after their movement to north India, they follow. In south the Aryan influenced slaves groups follow that practice.

Meaning each symbol is a syllable of its own? Interesting idea.

@@taxat10n1sth3ft Almost that can be said with confidence. The biggest challenge is to find the correct values for them. Now the challenge is that we have large number of signs almost 400.

@@ranapratapsingh3416 it stands to reason that any logo-syllabic script would require a vast array of characters to represent the variety of syllables used in a given vocal language. So, although the myriad characters do make identifying them all challenging, it seems the number of them does support the idea that this probably is indeed a logo-syllabic script.

It has been suggested that the Harrapan symbols appear in Easter lsland,is there any merit to it? Prof.Dr Nasir Fazal Cambridge

There is ZERO connection between the Indus Valley civilization and anything Indian today.

@@nomanor7987 lol still today in Balochistan,Pakistan a dravidian language is spoken which is Brahui. Dravidian language family(Tamil,Telegu,Malayalam,Kannada,Gondi,Brahui)

@@rtam7097 Harrapans were not Dravidians. Their script has not been deciphered.

@@nomanor7987 We don't know, but there is a significant chance they were. I think the only clue, unless a bilingual text is discovered, is to analyze substratum of Vedic Sanskrit: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substratum_in_Vedic_Sanskrit

@@nomanor7987 before you say something in media get some knowledge. Watch NewsX channel, it's NOT from Tamil Nadu. The artifacts that found in IV and Keezhadi, TN 99 percent same as IV and "Thamizhi" means Tamil Brahmi letters found too. Go watch what they talked about and comment back.

Why that unicorn but not rhino?

@@nrepespdn5635 I'm thinking that what scholars have been calling a unicorn is in fact a stylized rhino.

no evidence of paper writing that early in history. These are 4000-1500bce thousands of years before buddhism existed . Pay better attention

Kuch bhi

@@YogeshKumar-rp9sb tu hi Gyani hai ..ha

@@sachinrathi5358 Tu to odiya hai na be🤔

@@YogeshKumar-rp9sb na bhai me to Haryanvi hun ..or agar debate krni to sahi tarah kar ...sala kisi ka Darr ni marra

It cant be tribal culture...it was an advanced cuvilization..

keezadi in tamilnadu is from 600bc. Harappa is more than 3300bc. in west bengal there is site called chandraketugarh, which is similiar period like keezadi, 500bc. there is another site in west bengal which is older than keezadi, called pandu rajar dhibi.

ALL Tamil were Educated? Like ALL other Civilisations, education was based on a "Need-to-Know" principle.

@@wonji5385 Keezadi is recently discovered. But we have scripts of graffiti in Adhichansllur, dates back to 1600 bc. There we have got human skeleton of three different race, anlo, niger and mongolian who came for a trade.

We are expecting more evidences, since sumerian language is similar to Tamil, our age might be older than Indus valley civilization or we might be the same lived in Indus. We have got graffiti in Keezadi mean we are the same lived in Indus.

@@nixonvaij is this graffiti in tamil brahmi or indus script?

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Still indus script is undesifered. And how will you prove by genetics that Indus valley people spoke Dravidian languages.

Brahui people speaks Dravidian language but they aren't Dravidian by genetics. Because they have west asian and central Asian ancestory. They have R1a1

Dravid is a recent name. Better name would be southern indian. IVC is a civilization of all south Asians.

@@bulu9214 right

@@bulu9214 but over proud Tamilians think Indus valley civilization only belongs to them

How do you establish that? And does that mean we should all agree to so-called Dravidian chauvinism? And till date not a single IVC site has been found in the so-called Dravid regions. What could be the reason? Oh wait, let me come up with something eve more bizarre.

Agreed, but even with that it is recognizable and visually consistent imagery that may influence identifications.

@@christianmolick8647 Its an auroch or an extinct antelope like eland - the ridged horns. the unicorn is just a mistake of profile view. Its a sacrificial seal of some ancient bull sacrifice tokens.

I am a graduate of UW Madison, a prof of Finance. I am seeing this after one year of posting. What a marvellous posting that clears so many doubts i had for 40 years. TQ prof at Madison, i adore your objective work compared with what rubbish some "scholars" based in India attribute Hinduism as originating in Harappa- MohanjoDaro. Nothing can be far from truth. Hinduism came with the Aryan migration from steppes near Ural mountains at the time of last mini Ice Age starting around 3 to 4000 years ago. Harappa is dated 2000 years before the mini Ice Age. May be truth needs to be told by my beloved UW scientist loud and clear. There are two professors in India who claim Hinduism and advanced civilization was thete 50000 years ago. Bull feathers, homo sapiens were just beginning tp use language 46000 years ago, let alone be advanced society in India could not be a different specie! Neanderthals was gone when homo sapiens were spreading across the globe from Kenya. Dear prof pkease make your evidence based reply to (i) Hinduism as we knew from Aryan invasion (probable they brought some disease as did caucasians that wiped huge population in New Old). So, (ii) Harappa-Moenjadaro predates Aryan, so it should be early dravidians whose effort to stop at Battle of Padians in 220 BC failed, so the Aryan Ashoka's prigeny could defeat more dravidians by 218AD ruling a Hindu empire of abiut 80% of subcontinent. You can post your view. Thank you prof for the objective clarity you have brought in a one hour lecture. A South Asia born scholar living in Australia. June 2022.

But they wouldn’t be shipping produce outside of local area

till recent times a special script was used by traditional mercantile communities in the regions of Western India - this overlaps exactly with highest frequency of Indus Valley remains . This Script is described here en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahajani. The Indus valley tokens may be a primitive and secret accounting tokens - not meant to be revealed to people outside the mercantile caste . The laws of Manu were strict back then in enforcing the traditional duties of a particular occupational class. People that betrayed their caste vocations to outsiders would be shunned and ostracized and would have to leave the pale of Indus civilization - naturally many went into Iran or Turan if they were shunned.

@@ArrowBast There's no "Law of Manu" before Vedic Civilization. And Vedic Civilization ≠ Indus Valley Civilization.

@jeffreylehman1159 What we find in terms of artifacts for record keeping for trade says they were using stargates in India, Egypt Mesopotamia and Peru. 3500 BCE And one off planet door was also in Peru at Coricancha. So India shipped cattle to Peru, according to the Hathor record keeping system. Where this breaks down is why no elephants? The door was huge to Peru from Egypt it is above Hathor's head in numerous places and easily found in google images Peru stargate. Yet we have this... "Elephants never existed in the Americas and so their presence at Copán on Stela B, which was carved for ruler 18 Rabbit in 731AD, has become a hotly debated topic" No stargate on Easter Island but evidence of a sea route to India and Japan from Peru. Same stone work. It's all a mystery.

Thank you! I meant only that the archaeologists' practice of using "I think" as a point of argument or as a supporting argument should not be universally acceptable.

Perhaps the writing media could not survive underground OR Books might have already migrated to mind as in Vedic period (or the Vedic period might have had started) OR The literature might have survived in the great ancient libraries only to be destroyed later by the Western invading imbecile bruits. We do not have to devine our answers. Searches in Budhist monasteries (of Tibet etc.) may be worthwhile.

Ok so. There is but is it hard to explain. I will try here for you. Listen to what he says at 2:45 about Linear A and Linear B. These are both graphical writing systems(a fish means something, a cow may mean something else etc etc) . Linear B has been deciphered and is acknowledged to be the distant ancestor of Greek language and symbolism. It is proven and transcriptions are available. Linear A now is much much older and to this day it remains unreadable/undecyphered. Now, Linear A has been found on Crete, Sumer, Anatolia and wherever the Phoenicians were in the Mediterranean. Then, in India, excavations and archeology has proven that there was a similar writing system to Linear A in many places. They found many seals and several tablets. Except, the big bang question was when they studied Linear A from the Mediterranean. There was a specific and consistent pattern to the writing and its alphabet system. The surprise was that the contemporary Indian writing system used the same alphabetical system but of a different phrasing construction. Similar to our modern Latin writing system for French and English uses the same alphabet but they mean different things when written, right? I hope I am still relevant so far. Now, there are consistencies because for e.g, the swastika appears in Linear A, and is present from that period from Anatolia to India. The seals contain the swastika, the fish, a double cross, wavy forms etc etc. Hopefully in the future, we will be able to find a key to decipher Linear A. The key lies in doing more archeaological research to uncover more clues about this dead language, perhaps a Rosetta Stone. The Linear A and sanskrit languages should be very close to each other in meaning if revealed and should sound phonetically very similar to one another. The Greek language has kept very few traces of this common origin not necessarily in writing but certainly phonetically.

SANSKRIT is in side the India oldest language out side the India tamil language is oldest Funny India israel JEWS

​@@whoareyou-jb3wo india is jew

Wishful thinking my friend, they had a written system. Except it has been deciphered yet.

Monoceros, unicorn or Rhinoceros?

@@christopherellis2663 Auroch-( ancestral to Taurine bulls) , it had 2 horns like antelopes do , the profile view obscures the other horn. The body looks sleek like Nilgai , but the horns are definitively of wild Taurine cattle. Some Yajurvedic rites of aspiring Kings involved raiding wild cattle with lassoe and then gathering them. Some of these captured cattle were sacrificed in the Rajasuya Yagna to consecrate the ruler of a small principality.

right its Supported by geological data indicating a prolonged failure of Indian Monsoon system in Western India between 2200 and 1900 BC - likely the 2.2 Kya Bond Event - the cooling may have been caused by a major volcanic eruption - maybe as far away as iceland or as close by as Indonesia.

He mentioned some seals seem to have been for documents on palm leaf or similar to send between people thus there may have been messaging

Also one should not forget that our ancient libraries of Nalanda,Taxila were burnt to the ground!

The burning may have caused the oral tradition of education in India. Our Vedas,Puranas and Upanishads are very old.

@@chabimathur3461 They were old, certainly, but perhaps not old enough. There is a wide hiatus between what we can discern (very little) of the endings of this ancient civilization and what we can discern (not much) of the beginnings of what there is now. Yet it is not unreasonable to expect that some features of that civilization persisted in the region. Among other claims, scholars from Sindh point out that wooden cartwheels in parts of that province were constructed in a similar way till quite recently, and there are people who claim that Punjabi and Sindhi are descendants of the old language or (languages) and not of Prakrit or Sanskrit, which come much later. Of course, there is no proof. With all due respect to the learned efforts of many dedicated scholars, the matter is still open

@@riazhassan6570 A western scholar considered Punjabi to be derived from Hindi (and its earlier versions). It's why there is a good similarity between Hindi and Punjabi. Forget the script, it is the language that's related. (Sorry, no reference since it's been a while since I read that)

@@mohasat01 Another Western scholar (Bailey) considered Urdu (and therefore its relative Hindi) to be a descendant of Old Punjabi as it might have been spoken in the eleventh century in and around the Lahore region. Nobody really knows. There were probably several threads in the tapestry. The fallout of the ancient Indus civilization should be considered. It stretches one’s credulity to think that it vanished with no lingering linguistic influences and no cultural debris

His local development theory is disputed as Indus script and "Rongorongo" in Easter islander is related! Everything is valuable is some way or other! www.ancient-wisdom.com/easterislandindusvalley1.htm

Agreed thought he made a great point with the full sequence of development happened first in the Indus. He does make some very valid points to help rebut colonial academia.

OK what's your interpretation?

@@oldmanfromscenetwentyfour8164 My interpretations about my comment: 1.Having no interpretation does not justify presenting wild guesses as interpretations. 2. My having no interpretation does not justify others making wild guesses. An interpretation needs to have supporting arguments. Gone are the days when archaeologists assigned all evidences to fertility symbols 🔣 and harvest festivals 😁.

@@ckpnair9508 You didn't answer my question.

@@oldmanfromscenetwentyfour8164 You sure are looking for interpretations are you?

Those are single marks and symbols like potters marks not a writing system. The only tablet is labeled as "authenticity is disputed." So why would he talk about potters marks and possible forgeries?

@@pranays Interesting information you have put out, there. And that's what RU-vid videos share, isn't it?

@@76rjackson This is not about your European myths it's about the real history. isn't it?

@@pranaysYou are no doubt aware that before being deciphered,there were respected scholars who deemed many ancient scripts, including Egyptian and Mayan, as mere decorations? As a student of history, you are also no doubt aware that Sumerian cuneiform evolved from a system of "potter's mark" everyone else dismissed except for one insightful art historian. Yes, but let's make this about your little pet peeve so you can nurse that grudge of yours. And btw, what is your source for the forgery assertion re: the vinca script?

South East Asian countries have some different versions of Ramayana. I don't know about Mahabharatha.

Because they were mere tribal wars exaggerated and buried under myths and legends... If it was not for the Buddhist literatures we would have not known our ancient history...

Might be it predates them

@@murugesanperumal8386 It is generally (not universally) accepted that Ramayana pre dates Mahabharatha. If that is the case, we need to investigate if stories similar to Mahabharatha are existent among the South East Asian nations.

@@hegel5816: Have U read the RAAMAAYANA & MAHAABHAARATHA in original poetic format. None in the world would (has) write(n) tribal-wars in poetic format. Importantly read the actual war.

It was not Vedic. It was Dravidian

@@gluebox vedic or Dravidian is the same they are not different from each other. their ethics , morals , values and philosophy is same

@@user-lp9vz6lu3t Such was not always the case so I wouldn't call it the same. The Dravidian languages and culture far precedes what we now know as Vedic. Vedic culture of course absorbed many local deities and elements of the indigenous traditions.

@@gluebox vedas authors was Dravidian rishis too our gods too was Dravidian we are not seprate vedic or Dravidian we one single unit with one common philosophy/divinity which have many braches .

@@gluebox is their differences in Dravidians? The oldest Dravidian scriptures that we can understand has reference of all vedic gods and period sangam period has lot of story teaching from vedas

Entire books have been written which explore evidence that precisely point to this. There is no other physical river on the planet that fits the Rig Vedic description of Sarasvati.

Please do your research. There are multiple books and papers which have proven the course of the Saraswati..also, the indus civilization is the sarawati civilization since most of the sites are on the banks of the saraswati.

Ghaggar-Hakra can fit in to Ghaghra, while Sarasvati was the mightiest river at that time. Are you aware of any Indian Old literature and any recent satellite images?

It's the name of the river many cities were built on . Maybe you're the racist pushing a narrative?

Who is pushing a narrative here? Are you insecure because he uses the Ancient Word for a River? Cope harder, Lots of IVC sites were built on Sarasvati banks.

@@geassamvs426 Insecure? No,but definitely concerned.There is no consensus that the so called dried up Ghaggar is Saraswati.All settlements in the region of Harappan culture can be classified as pre or post Harappan. Saraswati river name is brought in to the fore by the Hindutwa zealots because Indus has become essentially a Pakistani trophy post partition.Saraswati hardly passes the muster of academic regour.It is political.

@@gangadharhiremath7306 there is literally consensus between both AMTian scholars and OITian scholars in the past, the argument only started when you guys realized that Sarasvati is a contradiction to your hypothesis. Even Max Muller thinks it's Sarasvati lmfao, there is tons and tons of literature supporting this topic. What the fuck are you talking about? What Pakistan?

@@geassamvs426 Those who invoke Max Mullar are certainly living in cave age.Nothing more to discuss with those who think it fit to use F**k in their language.Shows your nervousness. Saraswati is an innovation of Sanghis of 80's & 90's.

Sir , enough is being done about it by Indian government in countries like Vietnam, Cambodia, but don't get press as it not need worthy

Idealogy plays a large part in research and investigation. Certain idealogies would consider these haram and pay not much attention to these civilizations that is why they are ignored.

@@joedias7946 That wasn't the case 40 years ago, sadly a islamist dictator took over pakistan and brainwashed the people to forget their ancient history and focus on the islamic one which led to Pakistanis having identity crisis and modern day indians claiming the history of pakistanis ancestors

​@@joedias7946True not only Indus but Buddhist heritages greatly ignored by Pakistan

Indus valley was land of Hebrews this is what they have hidden for centuries about many of the civilizations of the past, but we are learning more about this every day In 2021 all things shall be revealed. Shalom

@@davidbenyehuda7618 Somebody should make a case for the Indus Valley people's having been Chinese. Let's see if the current emperor of China uses that to claim ancestral rights of ownership over Pakistan and Oman.

@@faithlesshound5621 Ha..., Ha...! Befitting reply to David Ben Yehuda.

Finally a comment that is worth reading. It always baffles me that there is a material cultural connection got carried on as you have said, but no linguistic writing connection! What boggles my mind is that I don't see or hear about any connection with Sanskrit!!! India is vast and extremely diverse. There should be in some tribal form it may have some representative connection somewhere. I am also inclined to think as you have said that latter part of declining writing in hard evidences may have been replaced by more fragile yet versatile form of writing material like palm leaves and language itself may have more evolved at that point to put it on those stiff writing vehicles.

Whats biased, if you know better than say, but keep it short and lets see if what you say can be found out there....

@gremlinsarepresentineverynation 786 to people in the west like myself, UK it was easterners who where supposed the first civilised people of the world. Is it hard to comprehend that the first people who mastered the horse became the most powerful over a vast distance in a short amount of time, look at Genghis and what he achieved, if the world was mostly made up of farmers and people come in on horses and their position on the Steppe allows them to visit any land and acquire the technologies from each of these vast areas and apply it to their own. Western hunter gatherers in the UK mixed with incoming Anatolian farmers who previous to them becoming farmers in Anatolia they where originally from north of Anatolia on the western Steppe, they populated the whole Med, right round in the UK and up into Norway. Then along came these people who had mastered the horse and the people who built Stonehenge, the Anatolian farmers who migrated, they where all wiped out by 93% upon the arrival of the Yamnaya. These people where the Proto Celts and its these people who then evolved here to be become ethnically European. Your DNA tells your story, so science tells your story, as we all thought we where the descendants of the Stonehenge people but no, we are not. And when DNA tells you your history its a "westerners trying to show they are the first civilised" pathetic response, you people just dont like science and when facts dont fit your fictions, much like us with Stonehenge, you bitch and cry. We dont care we are not the descendants of Stonehenge people as the story is what it is, we are where we are, nothing can change our genetics telling our history...

If you are from UP, MP and Bihar that is what one would rightly expect 😀

how? stop lying you make us look foolish.

@@dreddykrugernew Aryan invasion myth was debunked decades ago. And this presenter also thinks it's garbage . Maybe watch before commenting next time.

Dravidian languages, script and words, especially Tamil and Malayalam are directly connected to English, Arabic snd Camorunian.

But it's not sure that Indus valley civilization was pre vedic.

@@दीपकनागर-ज6द There is a lot of evidence already!!

@@log4john but there are lots of evidence against Aryan migration theory

@@log4john for example sarswati river dried up around 1900BC but sarswat river was sacred and mighty river which was several kilometres wide

SARASWATI was just one river of many the Indus civilization was on

@@pranays Nice try gangus, but the name of Indus valley will never be replaced with those myths of yours, Saraswati river is a myth and it should stay that way