The Most Important CPUs Ever 

Wasn't there a space mission where a probe used a PS1 CPU?

@@ShadowRush2112 not really the PS1's cpu, its just it was also based on MIPS which the n64 uses an enhanced version called MIPS64

I think those would be pretty impossible for a Techquickie. More like a Tech-hot-and-steamy-night.

@@ShadowRush2112 I think you're talking about the satellite New Horizon, which it was launched in 2006, and arrived at its destination (Pluto) almost 10 years later, in 2015.

@@DacLMK Bit like a PS5 then :D

Therapist: Discord moderator Linus can't hurt you, he's not real. Discord moderator Linus:

@@giovanniflores2513 he is in my house help

My therapist in Tarkov take some salewa and this adrenalin stim and go find Linus

4:25

yet there he is, on my screen again.. tricky bastard

"improvements to architecture" old x86 arch was wayyyyyyyyyyyyy better, moden x86 is horrible hacky garbage to program in. No CPU needs 1600 instructions

@@thegrandnil764 older ones did

@@randomtitanium risc machenes have about 50 instructions, so did old x86. x86 has gone downhill

I can listen to Anthony all day long. leather-bound

​@@thegrandnil764A'ight, how good does Quake run on a 486 compared to Pentium.

and tell the story why apple dumped the idea of using 88000, and went instead to powerpc

not the 68000 : it's the 68030 that was ahead of its time. The first with a co-processor. for the first time we could render 3d realistic images for architecture & much more

Its what kept the Sega Genesis/Mega drive relevant for so long. Developers with talented coders could make genesis games look just as impressive as any snes game without putting coprocessors in the cartridge.

The 68000 series was great - From the 'first' mutitasking computer - Sinclair QL through to the Amigas and early Apples (before Apple went to PowerPC CPUs...

Fun Fact: The Philips CD-i ran on a 68070 CPU

Or the x2 for that matter. I didn't think multicore was a big deal until I tried one of those.

I was rocking an Athlon 64 x2 5400+ back in the day 💪

Athlon was for rich - I had...... Sempron :)

I Had One In My Desk Too (good old days)

@@AppleReviews big oof. At least wasnt intel atom

Well, well, well... how the turntables....

I love the repeated irony of that quote

Looks like the foot is on the other shoe!

Glue logic: Glue logic is a special form of digital circuitry that allows different types of logic chips or circuits to work together by acting as an interface between them. That's literally what the I/O die is.

that is exactly what amd said about the pentium d when it released. it was part of their marketing campaign that intel has "two dies glued together" and that they had a monolithic die that was better for a dual core. if anyone turned the tables, it was intel for throwing that "dies glued together" quote back at them. most people dont remember that it was amd that said it to intel back then.

that was what I was going to say as well! those two were HUGE back in the 80s. If your console or computer wasn't using one of those two, it was probably IBM-compatible.

The ti graphing calculators still use a modified z80 chip today

@@HK_808 I think the "modern" ones use an ARM chip, but I'm not 100% sure

@@bluesillybeard Yes the older models still sold like the Ti-83 series use a Z80 varrient, and newer Ti-Nspire models use an ARM9-26EJ-S which only tops out at 132 MHz I believe. TI makes a killing off these things, as I'm sure the BOM cost can't be that high these days.

Much love for this post! 15 FREAKIN YEARS!! as a CPU at the top of the market at a 1/3rd the price of the 8086, what's not to love!?

Exactly. I believe the 68000 is the biggest selling CPU in terms of numbers, in the world. It was also in just about every car engine management ECU in the early 1990's.

@@dj_paultuk7052 Yep, also used by early Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, even the AT&T Unix PC used a 68010. The US Navy used 68030s in their submarines until quite recently as far as I know. Albeit, we wouldn't have had the MC68000 without the MC6800 predecessor, and without the MC6800 the world would never have had the MOS6502 and derivatives either.

It's a crime not to mention the 68k. Hello the Macintosh?

The first true 3D rendered arcade game with texture fill was Daytona USA (1993) and ran on two 68000s with added circuitry to accelerate the graphics. Revolutionary and I love to play that game on MAME to this day. I even tweaked the CRT emulator to display it as realistic as possible on my 5K monitor which can emulate the crt down to sub-subpixel resolution.

@@paulmichaelfreedman8334 which version of MAME are you using? I don't think newer versions support Daytona USA. I had to instead get a Sega Model 2 emulator to play it.

Your going to hate this but Intel is looking to buy Risc-V and shelve it...

@@wes9451 They must be killed with fire

@@mattthemouse1 No one can stop technological advancement. It’s bigger than everyone.

Yep

@@eckee but corporations can and will try to stop the free and open source movement

Love me some MOS chips!

original Acorn ARM., the one that worked without power connected ... the other pins delivered enough to make it work !

These were the ones I was expecting in this video (along with 8086 and athlon 64) but I guess it's a techquickie for a reason

yes yes YES

I had an Acorn Archimedes, when ARM stood for Acorn RISC Machine. Those where the days !!!

Agreed, you can't have "most important" with regards to CPUs and omit the MOS6502, even if it was essentially a low cost more or less opcode compatible clone of the Motorola MC6800.

I was thinking the same thing!

Not to mention Intel's 8080, and it's derivatives, like Z80. I was super surprised that Gameboy runs Intel clone. And of course Motorola 68xxx, and it's later (r)evolution into PowerPC. Today Power architecture is ahead of x86 in many areas, it's just tightly locked behind datacenters' doors.

@@grey5626 Fun fact, the first generation of SS pinball machines used the MC6800. I keep a stash of them around for repairs.

Well said... Right on.... The 6502 and Z80 were far more influential to the vast majority as they got the Home Computer Revolution properly underway globally from 1980 to 1990 before x86s started to take over the home pc market globally... the start of The Global Computer Programming Revolution.... before that comp. programming was very niche, with some countries having (almost) no native computer programmers. Sure, some business software giants were emerging in the 70s, and games consoles were being developed, but there really weren't many computer programmers at all, world-wide... by 1985 there were 100s of millions.

LOL, IRC days. Do you think Intel will do the same and pull ahead in the core count again?

It felt like the DX2 was the first standard PC in years. I feel Intel priced the initial 486 line too high and got away with it only because they felt optimistic about the AMD lawsuit and that all the other manufacturers like Apple, Atari, and Commodore were floundering. It seemed like there was a lot of pent-up demand by the time the DX2 came out. Not only did it attract new customers, it basically flushed out all the old 286s and 386s people were hanging on to.

I was when 1MHz crazy fast (C=64) :)

Your memory is a little fuzzy ( a lot like those 5-1/4 floppy drives), the first IBM PC came out in 1981 (remember the "Charlie Chaplin" commercials on TV?) and I bought one. It had the "B" motherboard (the A was what we might call a Beta test today) and two floppy drives cuz copying a floppy was a drawn-out headache with just one drive. When it booted you just got a blinking cursor and you had to master a long command set in order to do what a couple clicks can do today. Like open the WordStar! executable program! Or find out how much memory was left on a drive. Ah the good ole days.

@@trobinson14kc Ahh the brevity trap strikes again. I was trying to be concise. FWIW it was the Pc Jr. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PCjr

The Itanium would be an amazing story. It was planned to become popular on mid and high-end servers, but ended up failing over and over again

He seems like that geek in our friend circle from whom we take suggestions before buying any gadget

@@Shubham-hk6yf I think he's the guy linus asks when he needs real things handled. Like besides sticking parts together.

Just calm, awesome guy. Love seeing him in videos

He is a teddybear! :D

Except he approved the 3080 Ti being good value, compared to the 3090. This video is a chance to redeem himself.

ARM: Acorn Risc Machine: a joint venture funded by Apple since the 80s, used first by Apple in the Newton and the iPod later, it now suits all needs for Apple long terms goal of performance per watts. Z80: Best co-processor paired with Yamaha for vintage 8/16bits sound, founds in many 8/16bit console and arcade from that era. MIPS: SGI proprietary workstation, Playstation (R3000) and N64/Ultra64 arcade (R4000) IBM9121: no real use outside IBM mainframes. Motorola 680x0: The king of 16/24bit, most arcade, console, computer and PDA from that era. Hitachi SH-2: Sega 1st gen 3D arcade and console. 65C816: SNES and Apple IIGS PPC: IBM Power derived RISC cpu that beats Intel on every step until they hit the performance per watts walls with the liquid cooled PowerMac G5/PPC970FX, forcing Apple to switch for Intel's new CoreDuo design departing from their previous Pentium4 mess Intel x86: Stories said the bit endian order being opposite from everybody else was due to a legacy miswiring bug in the original design.

I reckon the IBM 9121 makes a fearsome paperweight. And it's sexy to look at. 600W of heat to disperse and all those pins! I still need to get my hands on an Acorn A3010. That's still the ARM machine of my dreams.

I was hoping someone would mention the Zilog Z80. 😁

@@vardekpetrovic9716 The Itanium/Itanic cpu was great on paper but forgot that Intel never was and never will be a software company. They never had great compilers for that over simplified design without out of order logics

I have a 4000AXP in my collection :D

we are all Anthony simps

@@HeatmanMKIII that's so true. Nothing better than anthony's straight forward-ness

@@thetechcorner7204 you aren’t wrong

without ryzen we would still be on 4 cores and 8 threads

@@Miroslav96 Pretty sure that Sun Microsystems' UltraSPARC T1 released in 2005 a full six years before AMD FX's 8 cores....

@@grey5626 yeah... The desktop market was full of those... Right... Coo coo

Sad and shocking enough intel seems to be trying to erase RISC-V before the later gets too big and popular by taking over SiFive, the big driving force behind the open source ISA RISC-V. Intel offered 2 billion for SiFive. I really hope that planned takeover is not going to happen. In the past intel again and again played unfair at the market. Some older people might not only remember intels scam and bribery against AMD, who are sharing the pc market today with intel together, but they also remember the story with transmeta. Transmeta was a hope for a big change but was silenced by intel. And today again intel is on an embrace, extend and extinguish mission. It is really time for a change in the cpu market and at least arm is giving intel and amd kind of a competition. But on the long run it is really nonsense to claim patents on ISAs. Those are actually comparable to APIs like Vulkan is. They are used as an intermediate for code execution but not some patent worthy state of the art invention. ISAa therefore have even to be openly explained in manuals otherwise they would make no sense for programmers. Apps would not function. Edit: RISC-V is not bloated by the way. It is clean and not over loaded by legacy stuff like x86 is. Don't listen to that guy beneath. Even intel themselves actually translate x86 CISC to RISC internally in their cpus which is not optimal. This is kind of an ugly hack to uphold their ISA. Anyway if RISC-V gets corrupted by intel, they can not prevent all startups and fresh ideas. There are several concepts similar to transmetas code morphing CPU. VISC CPUs sound pretty interesting and promising.

I think he meant all time passed so far, not speculation about future time... Don't forget, The world is ends tomorrow, we're all gonna die!..... or at least is could do. -- Risc-V is not a CPU design, it's a bloated Instruction Set Architecture standard taken over by chip industry giants so they could make it best fit all their LEGACY architectures.. The more important it becomes, the more competition will be controlled by the big boys, instead of their customers... It was Big Boys copying ARM's model of offering modular solutions to their customers.. Giants getting together to beat ARM, The New Giant in the making - except now nVidia owns ARM on top, so it will be interesting to see what happens there... and Intel will buy the independent company that founded Risc-V in the next few weeks if all goes to plan, which it will.... -- Ryzen is nothing new so not really worthy of being 'most important'... But 'most improved clone' would be an appropriate award -- GPUs are not CPUs!.... I find your choices rather odd!..... I'd have included all the 8 bit home micro CPUs during the dawn of the home computer era (let's say 1980, globally)... These are what fuelled the explosion in kids learning to program... This is when computing went mainstream to the max... 6502... Z80.... These dwarfed the number of people who programmed for the x86, worldwide, between them.. Most programmers didn't get to program for the x86 until PCs took over form 16 bit home micros, in the late 80s... Motorola 68000 was more influential than x86 too in that respect, as many more programmed for that platform before PCs became Home PCs and x86 took over.

If you're gonna talk about a Sun SPARC system, the T3 isn't the one to go for. No, if they want to feature a stupidly big SPARC system, it should be the E10K. 64GB of RAM and 64 cores in 1997. Not 64 logical cores, not 64 threads, 64 *physical* cores. Which is just stupid and insane. It sold for over a million dollars. E-Bay famously ran on an E10k. One E10k. With no backup systems. Yeah so that E10K coming down caused several notorious E-Bay outages. Oops.

For real!

still a common instruction set used on routers as well. though modern wifi6 routers is now moving on arm based soc now a days due to the heavy lifting it requires to drive the wifi6 technology. else anything that is wifi5 or below have high chance that it runs a MIPS based soc on it (some of them runs on arm but those are rare and probably found on expensive/gaming routers).

MIPS has powered a bunch of tech. Just not your smartphone or video games. Lots of small electronics lived on MIPS

@@EmilePolka Tbh, you'd be surprised alone by how much the reliability and performance of some routers can be improved by just using Open-WRT/DD-WRT/Tomato etc. The firmware running on a lot of consumer network hardware is 'lowest effort required to make it work at least most of the time' an uncomfortable amount of the time. Plus, you end up with massive amounts more customisation/features.

Yeah my first pc had a Cyrix 486 dx2

Yep, I had a custom-built Cyrix 166+ with like 8MB RAM or maybe 16MB?, I believe, back in college in the late 90's. Was a good little system. Actually, I think it's still in my closet gathering dust. Haven't had a chance to recycle it, or the urge to turn it back in for Win95b nostalgia purposes... :P

MMX is an instruction set right?

He looks like a butterball, guy needs to look after his body more. It'll be a genuine shame if he ends up croaking because of heart failure.

@@blunderingfool he started training a few months or more ago. he really got better, tho i believe in him and i think that he can lose more (weight) :). team anthony!

During the $5,000 tech upgrade series, when they did his, he talked about wanted to use VR to help exercise and try to get into better shape. Maybe it's really helping him. And if so, I may look at the same thing for myself.

@@blunderingfool i do think he's taking care of it, with a dude his size, progress will not skyrocket. give him some time, slow progress is still progress. i think we can all agree that he definitely lost even just a bit of weight. as long as he is willing to put the work in, all we can do is just support him to help him stay on track :)

@@blunderingfool it’s just his giant brain

Motorola 68k as well

@@theloseph Dont forget the 6502, and if they want to only talk about PC processors then the 386 is one of the most important

We're also missing MIPS and PowerPC/Power ISA.

Yeah. Still very common as wel, because I believe that's what the TI-83 and 84 use, among others. Although, on the fancier ones with the backlit color screen it might be emulated.

You mean the Z80-A. That was in the ZX Sinclair Spectrum models. The Z80 was just the first learning step really in my eyes as it was just 2-Bit processing(2 colours and 4 pixel(2X2) sprites), but the Z80-A was 8-Bit and really fast compared to anything else out at the time. Some of the games even on the 16k, and then the 48k were the ones that got me hooked on gaming.😍

I am still using a Core 2 Duo and a Core 2 Quad today.

@@ThadofOhio lmao can it even boots up with win 10?

Ya I was thinking the same

@@kelvinluk9121 3 of my computers can, but I HATE Windows 10. I use Win7 Pro.

@@kelvinluk9121 win10 works pretty fine on q6600

Don't forget SCSI. My wife still reminds me of the mess of 40 pin IDE and 80 pin SCSI cables in my old shop which she called belts.

or the hell that used to be connecting computers together in the absence of a network. null modems were my nightmare.

Intel Itanium was a flop. Overhyped, delayed forever, and underperformed when released. AMD embarrassed Intel when they released the Athalon 64.

@@MaddTheSane I agree entirely but I think it would be interesting to do a piece on the ia64 in the context of the 64-bit arms-race.

Windows NT was also supposed to run on MIPS

sad that it degrades as a teaching tool nowadays

Mention the Mac 2 team Steve Jobs!

@@kelvinluk9121 The home routers I've played with have used it. One unit at my uni gave the reason they were teaching it as being fairly simple compared to other architectures. I suppose being more open source also helps.

As we learned in the recent VCS video, Anthony wasn't alive when the Atari 2600 was released. As far as I know, all of LMG are way too young to know enough about the history of their field.

Indeed, the C programming language began on a PDP11/20 running Unix. Without C, it's hard to imagine how much computing would be different today.

Or how the first Celeron was a P2 without cache, and just how significant the performance diff was

x86_64 added more registers so it could handle more stuff at once.

*F.* Also me still having 4 GB System Memory-

I will continue to use it all my life.

The custom chips of the Amiga are wonderful for sure, but they weren't the CPU, which was in the Amiga 1000, and 500 and 2000 a Motorola MC68000. You can think of the custom chips more like this: Paula: is the spiffy sound card. Denise: is the gorgeous graphics GPU. (Fatter) Agnus: helps tie it all together with access to different memory (e.g. chip/fast), blitter, copper and such maybe closer to what PC people would later consider a NorthBridge/Southbridge chipset. The Amiga was ahead of its time, but while the custom chips were wonderful, they were still not the CPU.

Indeed. The 8086 is only important in hindsight, and not because it was a particularly good CPU when it was released.

HELL YEAH!!! Where the hell is the Z80?!? (Where I learned assembly...👍😊👍)Does NO ONE remember the vast number of personal computers that used the Z80, the MOS 6502 or the Motorola 68000 ? This vid seems to be for those born after 2000. 🤷‍♂️I obviously understand the x86 architecture as important, But where is also Intel's own 4004? (first mass produced single chip CPU) or even the Texas Instruments TMS9900? (a 16 bit proc in 1976!!! Minicomputer on a friggin chip!). 🤦‍♂️

@pinned by Techquickiee •n•o•

Its very bad news. Intel is in the process of buying Risc-V and boxing it forever... We're all screwed.

Why bad news?

@@Eruvalta i think intel wants to shut down risc v before it shuts down intel. too bad... i really thought risc v will do a looot of stuff

ARM is still a subsidiary of Softbank . The deal with Nvidia is not approved yet.

Did you accidentally reply with your Bot account first? Edit: just realized the bot was later, I think it copy pasted your comment.

I used to upgrade customer's computers with cyrix. Surface mounted Intel 386 SX's that you put the cyrix piggyback on top of and they gave a moderate performance boost for a pretty high cost.

EDVAC and ENIAC ftw