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The PN junction | Class 12 (India) | Physics | Khan Academy 

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In this video, let's explore the famous PN junction. We will see what happens when we have a single crystal with a P-type semiconductor on one side and an N-type on the other.
Learn the next topic here --www.khanacademy.org/science/i...
Class 12 Semiconductors: We cannot imagine our life without computers today. But what makes a computer tick? What's making this technology grow at such an exponential rate? It's all due to semiconductors. As unbelievable as that might sound, altering the properties of semiconductors allows us to build these computers. In this topic, we will explore the world of semiconductors. It's a journey from what semiconductors are all the way to creating building blocks of these computers.
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Created by Mahesh Shenoy

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24 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 178   
@naomiemredha866
@naomiemredha866 4 года назад
OH MY GOODNESS, THIS WAS INSANELY GOOD. BEST PN JUNCTION VIDEO ON THE INTERNET
@360wheelz5
@360wheelz5 3 года назад
Indeed. After recombination, the immobile charged ions are left behind which set up the barrier potential. I couldn't understand what it was that set the barrier but now I know!
@Mahesh_Shenoy
@Mahesh_Shenoy 2 года назад
You know, while I was making the video, this was the reaction I hoped for. Thanks for making it true!
@siddharthamondal4346
@siddharthamondal4346 2 года назад
@@Mahesh_Shenoy Awesome video sir.
@blueblood-_-
@blueblood-_- 2 года назад
Exactly This is has to be the best video . Explained so nicely , even the smallest doubt was cleared. Amazing
@suryanshkhatri7929
@suryanshkhatri7929 2 года назад
Agreed, 4 years after it was made, and 2 years after this comment was written, it's still the best video
@jessiondiwangan2591
@jessiondiwangan2591 3 года назад
I spent my whole year looking for this kind of teaching, finally i found ya
@singshokeen6514
@singshokeen6514 2 года назад
Agree
@avikbrahma4691
@avikbrahma4691 Год назад
Same for me too
@arthureaton8
@arthureaton8 11 месяцев назад
Goodness! I've been an electronic engineer for more years than I care to admit. On occasion, I still like to review the fundamentals to keep my knowledge fresh, so I've heard the P-N junction story many many times. But I have to say, this was the best explanation I've ever come across, and even after all these years practising engineering, this little video has greatly improved my understanding of this very fundamental concept.
@Parapresdokian
@Parapresdokian Год назад
2:09 I always love humour mixed with spontaneity. Mahesh should start his own patreon. I sooo badly don't want this man to quit his job for monetory reasons.
@dhurbarajpuree2992
@dhurbarajpuree2992 2 года назад
3 times I rewatched.... It's a gem video.
@Angel-ud9jm
@Angel-ud9jm 4 года назад
Awesome way of teaching.its the best video I have seen in RU-vid that explains about pn junctions,diodes..... I really appreciate you👏👏👏
@esphilee
@esphilee 2 года назад
I have watched no less than 6 videos. This video is one that makes sense. The rest are like my school teachers, they just brush things under the carpet and call it a day. Well done.
@s.3421
@s.3421 2 года назад
Guys I bet uh, u won't get a better video than this in the whole of the utube!! I wasted a lot of time, searching for a video where I could understand p n junction clearly... And then I found these videos where I understood it finally!!! Tqsm🙏🏻🙏🏻👏🏻👌🏻🥳🥳
@user-yj9qf3vu6u
@user-yj9qf3vu6u 2 года назад
I m in love wd this topic now , no crammed concept , just pure physics and physics . This is insane 😍
@anonymous20060
@anonymous20060 6 месяцев назад
And little bit of chemistry 😊
@shaikrafiq9498
@shaikrafiq9498 4 года назад
Sir u are incredibly smart .... am feeling too happy and a sought of courage developed in me that i could achieve any thing by khan academy🙏🙏👌
@kokilamani4084
@kokilamani4084 3 года назад
Sir, I searched this type of teaching from many channels.... and finally u gave....osm teaching sir...... lucky to get this video....tq so much sir...u did really an immense work....keep going.....sir....
@Kyle_da_athlete
@Kyle_da_athlete 5 лет назад
Literally the only video on this topic that got me to understand this can't thank you enough
@carolinerozario9702
@carolinerozario9702 3 года назад
You're the best sir!!! Just loved the explanation! You deserve more n more subscribers... on the other hand, unacademy n etc just advertise their platforms! But Khan Academy is so service oriented! Loved it! Thanks so much!!
@nareshsharma2003
@nareshsharma2003 5 лет назад
All your videos explained with such clarity, its the best way i gained knowledge... Loved it! Please keep making them ❤️
@freeverse4210
@freeverse4210 Год назад
Best thing Khan Academy (especially Khan academy india) did to me is that they developed intrest of physics and now I have such a fond to listen these lectures it gives my mind a massaging effect
@lakshmishajahan8391
@lakshmishajahan8391 5 лет назад
This was very helpful! Thanks allot. I finally understand it!
@wassupdee13
@wassupdee13 7 месяцев назад
Love his explanation and kindness to answer some of the key questions posted by others. They are very helpful. I appreciate it so much!
@260eeeprasuna2
@260eeeprasuna2 3 года назад
You give a clear clarity on the concept.... Great 🤝🏻
@dakshinaak.s.5638
@dakshinaak.s.5638 2 года назад
BEST VIDEO AVAILABLE ON INTERNET FOR THE EXPLANATION OF MOTION OF CHARGES IN PN JUNCTION
@bhaskarkothala5169
@bhaskarkothala5169 3 года назад
No Marvel no Dc. These videos introduces another universe.
@brothercavil491
@brothercavil491 9 месяцев назад
At 7:17, why isn't the minority carrier electron from the P side not repelled by the negatively-charged Boron. I get that it's attracted to the positively charged Phosphorus, but it has to get past the Boron first...
@bxbybxnny5640
@bxbybxnny5640 5 месяцев назад
I think its just because its energetic enough
@riturajborah382
@riturajborah382 Год назад
Excellent explanation! Thanks a lot for such free amazing content! Regarding the PN junction, we could also look at it from the perspective of neutrality. Overall, the p-side and the n-side, both are neutral and they want to remain neutral. At the PN junction, naturally, the nearby electrons and holes will recombine, but only to an extent where the tendency to remain neutral will pull the charges from going further. For example, on the p side, when some holes are neutralized by the electrons from the n side, there will already be some net extra -ve charges on the p side. These charges will resist further charge migration towards the p side. The same for the n- side.
@aragornsonofarathorn3461
@aragornsonofarathorn3461 3 года назад
thank you so much. I cant possibly express how grateful me and my friend are. thank you! :)
@rachitmehta7738
@rachitmehta7738 7 месяцев назад
This is just tooooooooo gooooddd . I was almost crying because this was hard to get, but this was amazing !!! THANK YOU
@whomptilizes
@whomptilizes 2 месяца назад
Absolutely amazing. You're the best!
@arunavomondal9750
@arunavomondal9750 2 года назад
The best teaching I have ever found... 🙂🙂🙂
@purbasadas6819
@purbasadas6819 3 года назад
Bestest video..I hav ever seen.. thank you very much...✌️✌️
@catharperfect7036
@catharperfect7036 10 месяцев назад
Took me a long time to find someone to explain this clearly.
@harshitasharma4820
@harshitasharma4820 4 года назад
i hour i spend on utube so that i can understAND THIS TOPIC BUT then i came to this video andd hasshhhhhhhhh.... i am able to understand everything thankuuu sooo much i was soo confused before but now i understand it very well
@armyarmyyeah.0727
@armyarmyyeah.0727 2 года назад
Thank you..I needed this badly
@ramaswamy499
@ramaswamy499 6 месяцев назад
If we see this video we can easily understand p-n junction best video thank you
@ramanjitkaur3124
@ramanjitkaur3124 4 месяца назад
Justttt wowww❤
@sadiaafrin4208
@sadiaafrin4208 Год назад
The best lec I've ever seen on this topic😍😍😍
@bholarajwar7022
@bholarajwar7022 5 лет назад
Amazing.....
@madivalappamakond4060
@madivalappamakond4060 2 года назад
Thank you sir for giving this beautiful lecture which I never understood when my teacher teach me
@SuperSaltyFries
@SuperSaltyFries 4 года назад
Great video, thank you very much.
@osamazahid715
@osamazahid715 6 лет назад
you did such a brilliant work!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
@LeviAckerman-kk2ie
@LeviAckerman-kk2ie Год назад
Super useful... Better if u explained how electron and hole destroyed each other 🤔
@abdurrahmanfaiz6230
@abdurrahmanfaiz6230 5 лет назад
I have a question. Why the electrons can't attract the holes but the negative ions in the depletion regional can attract the holes to the p side?
@user-zq4zt1qc3e
@user-zq4zt1qc3e 7 месяцев назад
what an explanation thank you very much
@prachisharma1545
@prachisharma1545 14 дней назад
That was so conceptual ❤
@OuranosGod
@OuranosGod 2 года назад
Thank you man! I finally got it! ❤️
@anitajanu9638
@anitajanu9638 10 месяцев назад
Realistic and enthusiastic explanation 😊😊
@parthparmar6901
@parthparmar6901 7 месяцев назад
Best pn junction explanation video
@NiharikaAChirayil
@NiharikaAChirayil Месяц назад
Thanks for the video it helped!
@mohdkashif263
@mohdkashif263 3 года назад
Best video on youTube thnx so much
@Priyanshu_Kumar_Pandey
@Priyanshu_Kumar_Pandey 2 месяца назад
Thanku so much sir
@KrrishNandrajog07
@KrrishNandrajog07 Год назад
Feel aagayaa 🔥
@vidhyapriya4722
@vidhyapriya4722 4 года назад
thank you soo much !! gr8 work
@ahmadeldesokey9844
@ahmadeldesokey9844 5 лет назад
Beautiful mind
@golamwahid8630
@golamwahid8630 5 лет назад
Great!
@richardknipe2733
@richardknipe2733 2 года назад
Excellent teacher!
@s.h.1991
@s.h.1991 2 года назад
You’re a life saver i swear
@inanis6707
@inanis6707 Год назад
I thought i knew this concept because I could spew out big words, but thank you so much. Marks do not mean you understood the concept
@bns-xt6wf
@bns-xt6wf 5 месяцев назад
4:18 That would be extremely so bad... We worked so hard to get to this point? Right? That was so good
@mariaacosta6771
@mariaacosta6771 4 месяца назад
you are sooooo good!!
@electronicdevices6496
@electronicdevices6496 5 лет назад
Awesome
@jaredmusci5403
@jaredmusci5403 6 месяцев назад
Extremely helpful explanation! Watched so many videos and failed to understand the formation of the depletion layer, but this seemed to make sense so thank you. QUESTION: why can't the minority charge carriers from either side recombine with the majority charge carriers from that same side? In other words, why can't the minority electrons on the p-side diffuse into the majority holes on the p-side (or vice versa for n-side)? From a gas diffusion perspective, this makes sense since they stem from the same gas, but in reality electrons and holes are not actually gases. I assume it has something to do with the energy gap between the valence and conduction bands but am still a bit confused. If you see this, thank you.
@lakshminandhana2058
@lakshminandhana2058 2 года назад
Thank you so much sir
@laibakhan3905
@laibakhan3905 2 года назад
Asslamalikum Sir! Why minority charge carriers don't diffuse with opposite charge to become neutral, like why holes in n region attracted by electrons to form neutral atoms?
@aloomaloo1427
@aloomaloo1427 Год назад
Because opposite charges attract each other .
@mpscscience7609
@mpscscience7609 2 года назад
Awesome explanation......
@chicken3022
@chicken3022 3 года назад
If the minority charge carriers are crossing the depletion layer then don't they feel repulsion from the exposed charge carriers on the same side p or n side . Ex: If a hole (a minority charge carrier) , wants to reach p side from n side then the exposed +ve charge on n side won't repel the hole crossing the barrier?
@anishatadkod1778
@anishatadkod1778 2 года назад
I am speechless
@abhishekahirvar7783
@abhishekahirvar7783 3 года назад
here is some high quality study material
@shaikrafik6300
@shaikrafik6300 3 года назад
Amazing
@todorpetkov6525
@todorpetkov6525 3 года назад
a link for the previous video please
@jahanvidixit9497
@jahanvidixit9497 2 года назад
U rock🔥🔥👏👏👍👍💥💥
@fromexoplanet21
@fromexoplanet21 2 года назад
Wow👏💖
@abhinav1299
@abhinav1299 2 года назад
Ahh so finnally my doubts are clear
@sagark.p2876
@sagark.p2876 4 года назад
8:00 awesome
@rijuwanahaque8054
@rijuwanahaque8054 4 месяца назад
Thank you broh
@khamisfarid3804
@khamisfarid3804 2 года назад
Anyone knows how those videos were made ?
@rayaankhan7461
@rayaankhan7461 2 года назад
Hey, great video...also u sound like kumail nanjiani :p
@kakatiyaraju3378
@kakatiyaraju3378 4 года назад
tq so much
@Hino_55
@Hino_55 4 года назад
CLEAREST EXPLANATION BY FAR! Thanks Sir Mahesh! :)
@zinethsrijayanath1483
@zinethsrijayanath1483 4 года назад
I can understand why both p n sides haven charges I think they are nutrul in before connecting them because Si P and B atoms are not changed. Then.
@abdulwajeed3479
@abdulwajeed3479 2 года назад
Damnnn good explaination!!!!
@tashithadilshan3738
@tashithadilshan3738 Год назад
Super explonation
@boltez6507
@boltez6507 3 года назад
Wait wont the minority charges(free electrons) in P tupe fill up the holes??
@kapilraj3129
@kapilraj3129 Год назад
The best part is that it doesn't have ads
@Mrgook
@Mrgook 5 лет назад
Finally........😊
@pranavkrizz1553
@pranavkrizz1553 6 месяцев назад
I need to know how those animations were made🤯
@guuguu7559
@guuguu7559 2 года назад
This is insanely underrated
@xiaohanjiang4960
@xiaohanjiang4960 2 года назад
Why do holes and positive charge repel?
@harshavardhanhajeri1753
@harshavardhanhajeri1753 3 года назад
Can we do hcv after this?
@vigneshreddyjulakanti7583
@vigneshreddyjulakanti7583 2 года назад
The BEST
@niravsavla9993
@niravsavla9993 4 года назад
Just asking so at equilibrium n-side develops a -ve charge and vice versa for p-side?
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish 4 года назад
Yes. As you will see in the future videos, this is the reason there is potential difference generated.
@ourtamilnadu9011
@ourtamilnadu9011 2 года назад
Sir,how diffusion causes charged zone in junction
@ShawnDypxz
@ShawnDypxz 4 года назад
At 5:48, I know that holes can't diffuse; it's the valence electrons which are moving. Now, my confusion is - are those valence electrons of the p-type or the n-type? If the free electrons can't make it to the p side due to the repulsion ( but there are some energetic ones), I don't think valence electrons of the n-type can contribute to the hole current because they have very much less energy level than the free ones. And what does it mean by energetic holes? Could you clarify this, please?
@mobrienmagpie
@mobrienmagpie 3 года назад
I have a similar issue with this, also it describes holes as being attracted to the negative ions, I don't think this is correct.
@sereneantoleslie1754
@sereneantoleslie1754 2 года назад
@Mark O’Brien Yes how can holes be attracted to negative charge? Bcuz Neutral bodies cannot be attracted to charged bodies. And holes are actually neutral..they are ONLY CONSIDERED as positively charged particle. Am I right?
@jeanxza5395
@jeanxza5395 10 месяцев назад
I don't understand why the rogue holes/free electrons don't just combine with their counterparts. Aren't holes just the absence of electrons in the covalent bond? So why would a rogue free electron in the sea of holes not immediately go and fill any hole it finds?
@ToHereCan
@ToHereCan 2 года назад
During the movement of minority charge carriers, how can holes be attracted to the boron anions because I thought it was previously said that they are not actually positively charged particles themselves?
@hannahsahasra8917
@hannahsahasra8917 2 года назад
The minority charge carriers here are not in a way attracted to the boron anions , it's the electric produced from n to p Makin them move and this is why the the minorty charge carriers in n type ie holes are sucked well not technically 😂 but yeah they r sucked into the n type and same goes with minority charge carriers in n type
@madhum8270
@madhum8270 3 года назад
Oh my god!!!! This is so amazing.😃
@divyansh_2505
@divyansh_2505 2 года назад
jimin in pfp kekekeke fellow army
@madhum8270
@madhum8270 2 года назад
@@divyansh_2505 and you taehyung 😩💜
@AJ._7
@AJ._7 3 месяца назад
💀​@@madhum8270
@techsinc
@techsinc 17 дней назад
Holes can attract electrons via Coulomb interaction. Otherwise, you would not have the built in field at the PN junction.
@martinstojanovski9106
@martinstojanovski9106 4 года назад
Can you help me with this Sir?In the P type,we have the negative Boron ions and we have holes just behind them.Why some of the electrons from the ions don't drifft to the holes and that way the holes and the electons will vanish in the P side?And how can holes be repeled by the positive phosporus ions?
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish 4 года назад
When Boron accepts electrons they leave behind a hole. This accepted electron is now covalently bonded with other carbon atoms. Secondly remember that motion of holes is basically valency electrons moving in the opposite direction. It's hard for electrons to move 'away' from positive phosphorus ions because they attract it. This in turn means it's hard for holes to move 'towards' the phosphorus ions
@vishank7
@vishank7 4 года назад
Hello sir, I dont understand how the movement of minority charge carriers is aided. Let's say weve got an electron in the Pside, while going towards N(left to right), wont it face a wall of negatively charged atoms in the depletion region first? How doesnt that stop hinder the election's movement? Thank you already!
@ajithettiarachi3650
@ajithettiarachi3650 3 года назад
They are actually neutral due to their associated electrins
@AarshWankar
@AarshWankar Год назад
It doesn't, as an electron on the p side faces attaraction from the positive layer on the n side and repulsion from the negative layer of the p side, both of which are equal in magnitude. So the net force on an electron on the p side is zero. So it can randomly pass into the depletion layer after which it will get accelerated towards the n side due to repulsion from the left and attraction from the right.
@CGuevara00
@CGuevara00 2 года назад
¡Thank you!
@GymMeducation
@GymMeducation 5 лет назад
How can holes be attracted by -ve charge because actually they are nothing but vacant spaces? And can we say that when free electron goes from P to N it creates a hole in P?
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish
@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish 5 лет назад
You are right holes and electrons don't attract each other. They are diffusing into each other just like how gases would tend to mix (without any attractive force). For your second question, I used to think the same way. But no. The moving electrons are the ones in the Conduction band. A hole moves when an electron in a jam packed Valency band shifts to a neighboring vacant space.
@ShawnDypxz
@ShawnDypxz 4 года назад
@@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish So, when conduction electrons, in the course of diffusion, fall into the hole (I mean - occupies vacant space) energy is released in the form of photons, right?
@electronicswithmadhan1052
@electronicswithmadhan1052 3 года назад
@@ShawnDypxz Yes absolutely correct that is the basic principle for the working of LED. That photons may be of light or heat that depends upon the band gap.
@shivamprakash6412
@shivamprakash6412 Год назад
Once I heard that its not teaching but a students mind which make him topper but after watching this I realised that its teaching which makes a student mind topper.👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼
@chaeonxxx6404
@chaeonxxx6404 Год назад
Topper has another meaning. But learner
@chaeonxxx6404
@chaeonxxx6404 Год назад
It’s not about making a student topper man it’s about information and knowledge to apply in modern physics better than these technologies
@purushothaman5484
@purushothaman5484 Год назад
One little flaw in what he said that is he said holes are energetic what he meant was the electrons are energetic bcoz the electrons are particles and they have energy not the holes
@Aradhikamahajan9892
@Aradhikamahajan9892 2 года назад
Why acceptor ions are negatively charged before diffusion
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