Acropolis was the settlement of an upper part of an ancient Greek city, especially a citadel, and frequently a hill with precipitous sides, mainly chosen for purposes of defense. The term is typically used to refer to the Acropolis of Athens,
Hi everyone, welcome back into my channel. if you are new here, please consider subscribing and give this video a thumbs up. in today's video we are going to learn the history of Acropolis of Athens.
Acropolises were used as religious centers and places of worship, forts, and places in which the royal and high-status resided in. Acropolises became the nuclei of large cities of classical ancient times and served as important centers of a community. They we're known as prominent landmarks in modern cities with ancient pasts, such as modern-day Athens. Some well-known acropolises have become the centers of tourism in present-day, and, especially, the Acropolis of Athens has been a revolutionary center for the studies of ancient Greece since the Mycenaean period.
An acropolis is defined by the Greek definition (Akron) meaning meaning “highest also commonly as acropoleis and acropoles in Greek. The word was first used in the 14th century BCE, in the context of Mycenaean Kings and community. The term acropolis is also used to describe the central complex of overlapping structures, such as plazas and pyramids, in many Maya cities, including Tikal and Copán. Acropolis is also the term used by archaeologists and historians for the urban Castro culture settlements located in Northwestern Iberian hilltops.
The acropolis of a city was used in many ways, with regards to ancient time and through references. Because an acropolis was built at the highest part of a city, it served as a highly functional form of protection-- a fortress-- as well as being a home to the royal of a city, and a center for religion through the worshipping of different gods.There have been many classical and ancient acropolises, including the most commonly-known, Acropolis of Athens, as well as the Tepecik Acropolis at Patara, Ankara Acropolis, Acropolis of La Blanca, Acropolis at the Maya Site in Guatemala, and the Acropolis at Halieis.
The most famous example is the Athenian Acropolis, which is a collection of structures featuring a citadel on the highest part of land in ancient (and modern-day) Athens, Greece. Many notable structures at this sight were constructed in the 5th century BCE, including.
#1 Propylaea
In ancient Greek architecture, a propylaea, propylea or propylaia The prototypical Greek example is the propylaea that serves as the entrance to the Acropolis of Athens. The Greek Revival Brandenburg Gate of Berlin and the Propylaea in Munich both evoke the central portion of the Athens propylaea.
#2 Erechtheion
The Erechtheion or Temple of Athena Polias is on the north side of the Acropolis, Athens, which was primarily dedicated to the goddess Athena. The building, made to house the statue of Athena Polias, has in modern scholarship been called the Erechtheion (the sanctuary of Erechtheus or Poseidon) in the belief that Pausanias' description of the Erechtheion applies to this building. The Erechtheion is unique in the corpus of Greek temples in that its asymmetrical composition doesn’t conform to the canon of Greek classical architecture. This is attributed either to the irregularity of the site.
The classical Erechtheion is the last in a series of buildings approximately on the mid-north site of the akropolis plateau, the earliest of which dates back to the late Bronze Age Mycenaean period. The archaeology under the Erechtheion is also poorly evidenced for the archaic and early classical periods. Despite this a number of proposals have been made for a structure on the site immediately before the Persian destruction. Orlandos reconstructs an obliquely orientated hexastyle amphiprostyle temple, which would have contained the “trident marks" in its pronaos. Others restore a number of temene adjacent to the Temple of Athena Polias or a tetrastyle naiskos.
The subsequent history of the building has been one of damage, restoration and change of use which complicates the task of reconstructing the original structure. The first recorded fire that the classical building suffered was perhaps 377/6, a second more severe fire took hold sometime in 1st century BC.
4 окт 2024
