Turing and von Neumann - Professor Raymond Flood

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An overview of the major contributions of two of the founders of computer science - John von Neumann and Alan Turing www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Alan Turing (1912-1954) and John von Neumann (1903-1957) had an enormous range of interests not only in pure mathematics but also in practical applications. They made major contributions during the Second World War; Turing on cryptography and von Neumann on weapons development. The Turing machine formalised the idea of an algorithm and the Turing test is important in artificial intelligence while von Neumann founded the subject of game theory. Both are considered founders of computer science.
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Gresham College has offered free public lectures for over 400 years, thanks to the generosity of our supporters. There are currently over 2,500 lectures free to access. We believe that everyone should have the opportunity to learn from some of the greatest minds. To support Gresham's mission, please consider making a donation: gresham.ac.uk/support/

Опубликовано:

25 апр 2016

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Комментарии : 106

@DC-zi6se 5 лет назад

John von Neumann was like the "ideal" man, he was humble, soft spoken and kind, also, he had an incredibly brilliant mind. He is one of the few true intellectual giants who were actually nice people.

@Gabbargaamada 5 лет назад

Von Neumann's politics was horrible though. He wanted to nuke communist Russia and kill millions of people. Not so nice, really.

@maxwest6595 4 года назад

Jacob Bronowski said he was a bit of an intellectual aristocrat who believed lay-people shouldnt concern themselves with lofty subjects.

@kreek22 3 года назад

@@Gabbargaamada He was a realist, a fact which causes the weak witted and small-souled to suffer psychological trauma. Von Neumann knew the greatest work of strategy ever written virtually by heart. In 1945, before it was feasible to nuke the Soviets with more than a few small yield weapons, he already advised invasion and government replacement. This is what Thucydides, too, would have advised. He was right, of course.

@kreek22 3 года назад

@Maiahi It is from an anecdote about von Neumann related in this book: Von Neumann, Morgenstern, and the Creation of Game Theory: From Chess to Social Science, 1900-1960 In 1945, von Neumann said: "... we are creating ... a monster whose influence is going to change history ... this is only the beginning! The energy source which is now being made available will make scientists the most hated and most wanted citizens in any country. The world could be conquered, but this nation of puritans will not grab its chance; we will be able to go into space way beyond the moon if only people could keep pace with what they create ..."

@C_R_O_M________ 3 года назад

But a horrendous driver. No manhood there…

@tensevo 3 года назад

Turing and Von Neumann, both instrumental in defining the modern computer, hardware and software, were taken from us too early, in their prime. Let us be sure to look after our talent much better in future.

@and_I_am_Life_the_fixer_of_all 3 года назад

Hey Mark Freeman, how are you? I'm looking for internship jobs, could help me in any way?

@GordonBrevity 10 месяцев назад

@@and_I_am_Life_the_fixer_of_all😂😂

@leonardo03231315 3 года назад

How do we not have a movie / documentary on Neumann already?

@zoltanhuvelyes6208 2 года назад

Just leaving a dot, if anyone would find such a thing.

@lestorbeeny8454 11 месяцев назад

@@zoltanhuvelyes6208 there actually is one of Von Neumann from the sixties. brilliant video! Respond if you want me to find it for you

@zoltanhuvelyes6208 11 месяцев назад

@@lestorbeeny8454 if you'd be so kind

@alfonsoantonromero932 2 года назад

Great conference joining two parallel lives that seem more typical of Schrondinger's world. Everything is extraordinary about John von Neumann from his childhood in the self-demanding Jewish upper class of Budapest until his death. The Hungarian Martians represented an extraordinary concentration of scientists. A Faust greater than the literary one. With his intellectual and mathematical Neumann ego he managed to excel in almost all branches of science, thanks to his mathematical basis.

@edgeeffect Год назад

I love that introductory slide... I don't know how carefully Professor Flood chose those two portraits (in fact it just looks like the "standard" pic of JvN)... but JUST LOOK at the way Turing is looking at von Neumann.

@akshayshrivastava97 3 года назад

4:00 I fell off my chair 🤣, perhaps one of the most apt examples of what Von Neumann was capable of.

@tensevo 6 лет назад

It is hard not to weep when contemplating how profound Turing's contribution to human progress and thought was.

@plekkchand 5 лет назад

I hope you mean that his persecution was saddening, not his contribution.

@tensevo 3 года назад

@@plekkchand I mean his work, but surely it is sad how he was treated.

@cygil1 3 года назад

@@plekkchand Turing would be cancelled today, just for other acts.

Год назад

@@cygil1 No Schrodinger would be drawing all the lightning.

@GordonBrevity 10 месяцев назад

It's hard not to laugh when reading comments like that.

@Dont_Gnaw_on_the_Kitty 3 года назад

I remember my programming classes were the instructor emphasised any loop we programmed must have only 1 entry point and 1 exit point. A Turing machine!

@Nautilus1972 2 года назад

He wasn't a programmer then ....

@jesusbermudez6775 10 месяцев назад

What I remember is saying to myself that I would never write an infinite loop. After a few days I had written and infinite number of infinite loops.

@jenko701 5 лет назад

All mr Floods lectures are just great.

@eulerthegreatestofall147 Год назад

Von Neumann was a genius without a doubt, the question is: was he born like that? or just did the hungarian education system turn him into a genius at relative early age?. He contributed to many different fields of interest, in both practical and theoretical ways. His memory was astonished, he also liked going out to bars etc during his bachelor years, he really also liked enjoying social life. He was a very likable guy.

@lvgaben Год назад

Both, because the Hungarian education it was one of the best in the world in the late 19th early 20th century next to Germany. Just think about the other top Hungarian scientist like Edward Teller, and Leo Szilard, John G. Kemeny (developing the BASIC programming language), George de Hevesy, Theodore von Kármán, Eugene Wigner, and so many other famous Hungarian scientist, inventor, businessman ... But I think Neumann brain was somehow different as normal people... His brain could store a lot more information, He remembered it, and He was quick....

@eulerthegreatestofall147 Год назад

@@lvgaben You're 100% correct. However, I do think Von Neumann was the greatest among them. Since, he was not only prodigy child who can memorize an entire book, etc but also he was extremely smart, a genius!!!

@lvgaben Год назад

@@eulerthegreatestofall147 Yes He used a lot more percentage from his brain capacity then any other human. Honestly im sure there are more same or similar genius in the world, but they are lost because they born in poor country, poor or uneducated or unhealty family, or for so many other reason.

@richardkovacs2006 11 месяцев назад

Neumann was born with immense skills, but without wonderful parents and great teachers, who help these types of kids to direct their skills in the right direction, they could be lost. I know many amazingly talented kids around me in today's Hungary, esp in maths, but without a teacher like Laszlo Ratz we may never hear of them as adults. I know a very bright kid, who - because of problems at home and because the school couldn't tie down his mind - was outcasted by the teachers (!) because it takes an effort to fulfill his curiosity. Sadly his parents aren't fit for the job either. I wouldn"t be surprised if his huge talents will turn him into a masterful criminal... simply because his family and school failed him, but the talent is there and has to find a target.

@user-hu3iy9gz5j 7 месяцев назад

Education is not magic

@ticotechhouston4917 2 года назад

Alan Turing - betrayed by the country he saved

@greensombrero3641 5 лет назад

Excellent presentation and thank you. Can you please recommend biographies of both subjects? Would appreciate your direction on it.

@AlanShore4god 5 лет назад

Turing's Cathedral is a pretty good read about both of them (and others)

@taylorism7787 4 года назад

Norman Macrae has a fascinating biography of von Neumann.

@kreek22 3 года назад

Stanislaw Ulam wrote a very short bio of his friend, von Neumann, right after his demise.

@greensombrero3641 2 года назад

@@taylorism7787 just finished this Macrae book, outstanding

@greensombrero3641 2 года назад

@@kreek22 thank you! will check it out

@donaldwhittaker7987 6 месяцев назад

Outstanding

@TheDavidlloydjones 4 года назад

The slide at 25:00 states incorrectly that the tape in a Turing machine moves right or left. This is obviously impossible since the tape is infinite in both directions, and Turing knew the idea would strike anyone as silly. It is the notional machine that moves.

@cygil1 3 года назад

Correct. It's Post's machine that scans left or right. Most of the the theory of "Turing machines" was actually provided by Post, not Turing, who has been Orwelled out of the history, along with Zuse, Babbage, Church and other figures more significant than Turing.

@benswitzer4679 7 лет назад

What a great lecture!

@B3LLEND 7 лет назад

Agreed. Interesting, entertaining and great delivery. Enjoyed watching.

@sherlockholmeslives.1605 7 лет назад

I am glad that John von Neumann was more intelligent than me.

@pratik_shrestha 5 лет назад

@Mike Fuller lol

@dougg1075 4 года назад

Turing.. what a tragedy

@gmonkman 6 лет назад

thank you, that was really good. Kinda wish you'd gone to town on the outrageous behaviour of the uk establishment's treatment of Turing, they should now face some sort of prosecution ... and I feel sick and sorry, but I couldnt have typed this without him.

@nicktrice4921 4 года назад

@me hee It was a transaction willingly entered into by two consenting adults. People have the right to think whatever they want about such things, but they don't have the right to punish either party in a consensual agreement that does not hurt any third parties. Thanks to that very attitude evinced by your comment, the petty, busy-body, sanctimoniously self-righteous "morality" of the bourgeois politics of Turing's day led directly to the death of a loyal servant of England, who was a friggin genius and had contributed directly to Britain's survival and victory in World War II. THAT'S what's truly repugnant! Think of all the further contributions Turing could've made to humanity, if the so-called 'moral majority' of his day hadn't persecuted, ostracized, and unethically experimented upon him! Unfortunately those same backward views are still widespread to this day. For the life of me, I don't get why so many people seem to care so very much about what consenting, private citizens do in their bedrooms, or with their wallets.

@margarita8442 Год назад

he did the ALU memory , cpu design

@boxerpop82 7 лет назад

The fly is huge! hahaha classic geometric series

@sistagalsistagal8136 Год назад

They, the English, did to Turring what they did to Churchill, sacked and sent them to their graves early. No matter what they thought their problems were back then, nothing justifies what they did to both incredibly and gifted geniuses 💚. The world was not deserving of either!

@freebornjohn2687 11 месяцев назад

What did "they" do to Churchill and who were the "they"?

@GH-oi2jf 5 лет назад

A process is an algorithm only if it halts. You can put your Turing machine into an infinite loop, in which case it is not an implementation of an algorithm.

@xxlabratxx01 2 года назад

You could define it as such but why can't you have an algorithm that produces successively more accurate approximations to some value (real) or say erothotsthenes drive for primes? Is it only an algorithm if it's to find primes under a certain number?

@kxkxkxkx 10 месяцев назад

Wrong😂

@TheDavidlloydjones 4 года назад

Audio engineers who cannot put a decent recording of sound on the Internet should be fired. Gresham would do all of us -- and themselves -- a service if they would take down this excellent lecture, remove the echo from the sound-track, and re-post it.

@henryj.8528 3 года назад

Prestigious universities with distinguished speakers on interesting topics and they don't seem to know how to focus a camera, light the speaker or record the audio. Happens all the time--mostly universities. I'd like to have heard this lecture but it's too painful. They could have EQ'd some of that out...

@jakelabete7412 2 года назад

Fired? Off with their heads, or at least their ears.

@kxkxkxkx 10 месяцев назад

Why don't you do it instead of just whining like a woman?

@theklaus7436 3 года назад

I often wonder how it would be to be a child protegí . But I wasn’t so I hear about all these people who were. Very interesting but I struggle to understand some of it. But then I try again and again and this helps . Thank you for all of these shows. The story goes that turings tragic death due to an able is why iPhones have a able with a bite! Jobs did never confirm that but why not

@psibarpsi 3 года назад

No that's not the reason why Apple's logo has that bitten-off apple. I mean, I would've loved it had it been the case, but it just isn't true.

@janchovanec8624 6 лет назад

Am I the only person that didn't get almost half of what was presented?

@tarnopol 3 года назад

Yes.

@wassilywsky6333 2 года назад

Yes you're the only one, it seems

@martinzitter4725 3 года назад

"...both of them..." [sic]

@davidwilkie9551 10 месяцев назад

The Enigma Machine is an emulation, at human scale, of line-of-sight observation of the resonant unity, ONE-INFINITY Totality and transverse trancendental sync-duration positioning integration, sum-of-all-histories frequency density-intensity alignment amplitudes, AM-FM Communication. ("You just look at it", and see the Universal Turing Mechanism of prime-cofactor wave-packaging holography, pure-math relative-timing ratio-rates Perspective Circuitry)

@danielhaslam8269 2 года назад

They both knew too much and had t be taken care of. Sad days when you're a genius. Give then die.

@tr7b410 10 месяцев назад

Tesla-Ramanajan & Von Neuman had over 200 I.Q.s....just a number, but they had brilliant minds.

@dylangabriel2703 7 месяцев назад

Idk about Tesla

@user-pm8nj3mb6q 10 месяцев назад

Does this give Konrad Zuse his due?

@hewasfuzzywuzzy3583 6 лет назад

Microphone feedback! Arrrgh Make up your minds "sound engineers" on which microphones are necessary. Constant reverberation is excruciating on the eardrums and the head. Aside from all that mess this was kinda entertaining.

@henryj.8528 3 года назад

Prestigious university with mega brains and they can't figure out how to record audio.

@hewasfuzzywuzzy3583 3 года назад

@@henryj.8528 Yep. Go figure. LOL

@janklaas6885 11 месяцев назад

📍28:58

@icantfindausernamehe 2 года назад

The problem with mathematicians is they can't do maths.

@TheDavidlloydjones 5 лет назад

There's a stupid mistake in Flood's version of things here: Turing's Turing machine has an infinite tape and the head moves. Flood somehow moves the tape, which is silly since you can't move anything infinite. This is a damn shame, since the lecture is, like all of Flood's stuff, pretty soumd the rest of the time.

@GH-oi2jf 5 лет назад

David Lloyd-Jones - That’s not a mistake. As he said, the two ways of looking at it are equivalent.

@cygil1 3 года назад

Hilbert would like to have a word with you about the possibility of moving an infinite sequence. And Hilbert's Hotel result is widely accepted as a veridical paradox.

@escapefelicity2913 10 месяцев назад

interesting stuff but a poor presentation

@KipIngram 2 года назад

This payoff matrix is... boring. The player using the Arabic number strategies will always choose strategy 2 - it's best for him under all circumstances. Of course the Greek letter player will quickly figure that out and zero in on action alpha to minimize his losses. But what he'll really do is quite the came, because he has no way to win. Maybe a negative sign was left out somewhere here?

@elplanetarojo9482 6 лет назад

turing won :)

@presidentoxford 7 лет назад

Appalling presenter

@gmonkman 6 лет назад

congrats on your knobel award.

@Tadesan 6 лет назад

What do you think is bad about his presentation? I'm curious.

@maxwest6595 4 года назад

You'd better make your own presentation then, numb-nuts.

@denisdaly1708 4 года назад

Anybody who picks their name as president Oxford, probably has an inflated superiority complex. Not surprised at the jealous arrogance of your comment.