Ultrasound imaging of the thoracic spine to guide epidural insertion PLUS a discussion of how to confirm epidural location, advancing and securing the catheter. An short version of this video that only discusses the ultrasound imaging can be found at • Ultrasound Imaging for...
0:09 - Morphology of the thoracic spine
0:40 - Lumbar vs thoracic vertebra
1:11 - Transverse view on US
2:08 - Parasagittal oblique view on US
3:01 - How US imaging helps in epidural insertion
4:23 - Examples of difficult thoracic interspaces
5:01 - Importance of the lateral-to-medial angle
6:02 - Caudal-to-cranial needle trajectory
6:48 - Estimating needle insertion depth
8:05 - Video of thoracic epidural insertion
9:53 - Identifying intervertebral levels with US
10:31 - How to count down from the first rib
12:50 - Confirming location in the epidural space
13:21 - Air vs saline for loss-of-resistance
14:12 - Why loss-of-resistance may be unreliable
14:50 - Using a local anesthetic test dose
16:21 - Epidural stimulation
17:30 - Epidural waveform analysis
18:44 - How far to advance the epidural catheter?
19:38 - Fixation of the epidural catheter
31 май 2024
