Units of History - The Macedonian Companion Cavalry DOCUMENTARY

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Learn about the Macedonian Companion Cavalry who conquered the world for Alexander the Great in this in depth history documentary! Check out The Great Courses Plus to learn about daily life of Greek soldiers: ow.ly/osex30rvhjf
In this Units of History documentary we continue to explore the most famous ancient warriors from the past by turning to the kingdom of Macedon. We begin with the history of Macedon from the early Bronze Age as a small local power in the Balkans. According to legend its earliest kings had come from Argos and founded the Argead dynasty which was to rule Macedon for centuries. Initially this involved carving out a home in the lowland regions before slowly expanding the realm under great rulers like Amyntas 1.
When the Persians arrived, Macedon initially became a vassal before being incorporated into the Achaemenid Empire following the Ionian Revolt. In the ensuing Greco Persian wars, Macedon fought with the Achaemenids such as at the battle of Platae but often helped both sides and ultimately turned on the easterners during their retreat. During the ensuing Peloponnesian War, the Kingdom of Macedon gained more power but was rocked by a series of assassinations, revolts, and invasions over the years which slowed its growth. It wasn't until the reign of Philip II that the Rise of Macedon would finally take place. This was made possible by the bold military reforms of Philip II which saw 600 Companion Cavalry take center stage of a new army. This force then subdued the surrounding regions of Greece, Thessaly, and Thrace making Macedon a formidable power that could now be turned against the Achaemenid Empire.
When Philip II died, Alexander rose to the throne. After consolidating his realm, the young king them setoff to realize his father's dreams. 1800 Companion Cavalry would cross the Hellespont with the Macedonian Army. Their hammer and anvil strikes would prove to be one of the most effective tools in conquering the vast territories of the Achaemenid Empire. We cover the evolution of the Companions Cavalry and their fascinating service history over the course of the conquests of Alexander the Great. This includes their critical role in all major pitched battles: the Battle of the River Granicus, the Battle of Issus, the Battle of Gaugamela, and the Battle of Hydaspes.
Let us know what units of history you want to see covered next!
#UnitsOfHistory
#Macedon
#CompanionCavalry

Опубликовано:

20 фев 2021

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Комментарии : 1,5 тыс.

@InvictaHistory 3 года назад

I wanted to give a huge thanks to the channel Deuratus for helping with the extensive research for this epicly long episode. Check him out for more on the history of Macedon: ru-vid.com/show-UCTiG87tk_BTg3_Zyut0hLKAfeatured

@pyeitme508 3 года назад

Meh

@Malhaheifnrifbwkmq 3 года назад

Nonononono I don’t like this new narrator

@bimbimmi1006 3 года назад

Illyrians please 🇦🇱

@latehub5231 3 года назад

Greek guy here. I love your videos and enjoy them very much. Just the pronunciation of the greek words is somewhat offsetting. If you need help with authentic Greek pronunciation I would love to help. Keep up the good work malakes!

@aftastosk6016 3 года назад

@@latehub5231 παρουσιάζει τους Μακεδόνες όχι σαν Έλληνες αλλά σαν εξελληνισμένους δεν σε ενοχλεί καθόλου αυτό;

@rigulur 3 года назад

"aww come on guys i thought we were companions" "sod off Alex, that roadtrip to India was a disaster"

@joshuaiam485 3 года назад

Haha😂

@Mrkabrat 3 года назад

"If you keep it up you'll have no companions left, Alexander!"

@user-kt3jn7wx5f 2 года назад

😂😂😂🤣🙏🙏

@wankawanka3053 Год назад

But they won in india

@VntiHero Год назад

Alexander won every battle in the punjab…..

@chrisvb4387 3 года назад

I think Alexander's "to the strongest" Last Will, is the biggest troll move in history.

@nocensorship8092 3 года назад

seems like he didn't care a bit eh

@MarvinT0606 2 года назад

Nah, Alexander knew he was dealing with Greeks. They'dd scheme and fight one another as soon as he died.

@Milot72 2 года назад

And i think i had a stroke

@nickklavdianos5136 2 года назад

@@MarvinT0606 it's not something only Greeks would do though.

@MarvinT0606 2 года назад

@@nickklavdianos5136 I know, but Greeks *consistently* start infighting earlier than most people

@ktheterkuceder6825 3 года назад

Next: silver shields.

@johngallagher9151 3 года назад

Yes please

@DailyDipo 3 года назад

Next: Galatian in Egypt

@johngallagher9151 3 года назад

@@DailyDipo you mean Galatian Royal Guards/Galatian Mercenaries?

@pablocopado6793 3 года назад

Yessss pleaseeee

@pablocopado6793 3 года назад

I would love yo see it

@KUREIJIMAN 3 года назад

I still remember when this channel was about analysis of multiplayer battles of various total war games(that's how I discovered this channel because I suck lol). It makes me happy how far they've come, releasing these high quality documentaries

@kevray 2 года назад

Good times

@adamburditt3941 Год назад

Wait for real? Thats pretty funny that they became a legit documentary channel

@KUREIJIMAN Год назад

@@adamburditt3941 yeah, if you sort his video list to oldest you will se some of those contents. He also taught how to use real life strategies to multiplayer battles (ambushes and stuff)

@animeyahallo3887 3 года назад

Parmenion: what's our plan? Alexander: you will hold the left while I use the companion to rout their right. Parmenion: isnt that what we do last battle? And the battle before it .... and before that battle, that's what we've been doing for years! Alexander: hey hey hey, I mean it works you know.

@SantomPh 3 года назад

This was largely because Parmenion was a conservative general who preferred the traditional flank on flank the Greeks were used to. After he was made a governor and left the army, Alexander's left wing tactic chaanged considerably. The left was also where the foreign Thessalonian cavalry was posted, so despite them proving themselves over and over again Alexander still needed a trustworthy ally to command them.

@vasiliskarpouzis9568 3 года назад

@@SantomPh Thessalian not Thessalonian

@squamish4244 3 года назад

"Hey guys, you'll never guess what I got planned!" "Hammer and anvil?" "Yes! Hammer and anvil!"

@Duke_of_Lorraine 3 года назад

"to the strongest" And that, is how you avoid any succession crisis !

@skyereave9454 3 года назад

More like the opposite

@rubiniosity 3 года назад

@@skyereave9454 Whoooooosh

@zeus0710 3 года назад

Some think he said “Kratisto,” which means “to the strongest” in Greek, but others thought he said “Krater’oi” meaning to Craterus, who was the commander of his army. Craterus, however, was not present at Alexander’s deathbed, and as Alexander’s meaning was unclear, he was not selected as ruler.

@rubiniosity 3 года назад

lets be real, its not like it changed anything, its just a nice story. there was bound to be a succession crisis anyway, even if he had said "Antipater" for example. A gigantic empire like that can only avoid that with an extremely well established power structure, which definitly wasn´t the case here^^

@zeus0710 3 года назад

@@rubiniosity true

@napoleonibonaparte7198 3 года назад

Alexander took his companions on a field trip to India...

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

They were lookin' for hot chicks.

@ProfessorSyndicateFranklai 3 года назад

Interestingly, the culinary theory of military conquest applies very much universally. Great Britain, an island as known for its food as Italy is known for its efficiency, or Germans for their gentleness, stopped conquering once they reached India and brought home curry. One must suppose the Macedonian army operated on the same principle.

@mnk9073 3 года назад

Many companions rode with Alexander, only Hephaistion rode Alexander.

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

@@mnk9073 bend over, I'm driving.

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

@@mik1901 I think I remember a Roxanne. I thought Alexander III married her, maybe it was Attila. When he died, they buried him under a river, I think. Lot of work.

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"The Persians referred to both Greeks and Macedonians as Yauna ("Ionians", their term for "Greeks"), though they distinguished the "Yauna by the sea and across the sea", from the Yaunã Takabara or "Greeks with hats that look like shields", referring to the Macedonian kausia hat." Engels 2010, p. 87.Engels, Johannes (2010). "Macedonians and Greeks". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Oxford, Chichester, & Malden: Wiley-Blackwell

@dorlov4343 3 года назад

you have too much time on your hands

@VarangianGuard13 2 года назад

They should have more time on their hands. And a pile of gold bars.

@mrbluesky744 3 года назад

I litteraly did a dissertation on the army of Philip of Macedon 2 days ago, and told me that it would be a good topic for one of your videos

@InvictaHistory 3 года назад

We will likely cover that topic in a future episode as its incredible important to the history of the era. We touch on it a bit in this episode.

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

Who told you?

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

@Egg T Who dat?

@rbfishcs123 3 года назад

@@billygunn7180 yo momma

@billygunn7180 3 года назад

@@Anda146 or maybe a student. Thanks

@krevin543 3 года назад

Can you cover Napoleon’s Old Guard? That’d be pretty awesome to learn about their history and equipment!

@captainmark4254 3 года назад

I love the unity of the macedonian army. The cavalary called the companions and the infantry cald "πεζέταιροι " who means the friend infantry soldier. That's why they where so strong and loyal to their king

@Armorius2199 3 года назад

Invicta when are you going to release the Zack Snyder Cut of What if Caesar Lived Part 3 goddamnit?????

@caesarshotdogchampion8738 3 года назад

🤣

@HFFCANADA 3 года назад

@Great White me too, it always wondered if he finished conquering the east where would he go. To Italy and Spain/Egypt or Up into Sythia and Russia/ Scandinavia.

@user-ln8eh5nq3q 3 года назад

@Velstadt Hekkleson then why are you hear

@user-ln8eh5nq3q 3 года назад

@Velstadt Hekkleson yes l know how Κλείτος was but to say that Alexander was a trash is historical wrong and Futhermore anyone can understand that you hate Alexander

@user-ln8eh5nq3q 3 года назад

@Velstadt Hekkleson that's is your personal opinion with no historical facts so there's no point to have to conversation with you

@joshuaiam485 3 года назад

Just started playing as Macedon in Total war Rome 2..can't wait to unlock this CaLV unit..shock cav💖 ...

@InvictaHistory 3 года назад

hopefully this serves as the perfect hype video for your campaign!

@drewinsur7321 3 года назад

@Egg T shield bearers at the flanks, pike on middle, cretan archers and thessalian light horses to distract enemy cavalry

@JMObyx 3 года назад

@@drewinsur7321 Laughs in Kartvellian Foot-Guard, Kartvellian Guerilla Warriors, Skythian horse archers, one cataphract, and Armazis Dacva (Kartli, DeI)!

@Zalijegamer 3 года назад

@Rosh Geler What do you mean by sci-fi stories?

@Zalijegamer 3 года назад

@Rosh Geler If it is full of historical mistakes, why don't you name one? A lot of stuff about ancient history is to be taken with a grain of salt. No one would write an academic thesis and cite this video. However, Invicta usually posts sources under their videos. In this video, the research was done by Deuratus, which also cites his sources in the description under his videos. So I think you are just being salty for no reason. Or do you have a Ph.D. in Classical antiquity and you would like to give us a lecture?

@brendanobrien6943 3 года назад

“However, the companions were different. They were shock true shock cavalry who skipped over the over the ranged foreplay and charged straight into combat at full speed. Such an attack would have been extremely dangerous in an era before stirrups and couched lance. Companions would have therefore trained exhaustively to master the maneuver. Unfortunately, their secrets are lost to the ages.” This along with the lack of any clear accounts of Chaeronea is unfortunate. Query why modern scholars would minimize the deployment of the companion cavalry against the sacred band infantry - this seems to fit the outcome of the battle and their apparent annihilation which was unprecedented. It’s strange that by the time of the Battle of Cynoscephalae, the Macedonian phalanx appears to have lost much of the flexibility that had made it so successful at battles such as Gaugamela (most of these seem to have had their genesis in Epaminondas/Pelopidas or possibly the earlier envelopment tactics of Miltiades at Marathon).

@sakdavid 3 года назад

How did the Macedonian phalanx demonstrate flexibility at Gaugamela or any other battle during Philip's and Alexander's wars? Its battalions only ever charge forward and are never withdrawn or redeployed after having engaged the enemy. The only thing they ever do is try to push the enemy back and grind them down. We never hear of some smaller unit being peeled off to face a threat from the flanks or the rear or to reinforce a weak spot elsewhere in the line, like Roman maniples and centuries were able to do. But the Roman command structure and fighting style were different: 120 Roman swordsmen in loose formation would have still been effective as a group in isolation, which afforded their centurion the opportunity to take initiatives and respond to developments during battle, whereas 256 Macedonian pikemen in a tightly-knit square or rectangle were next to worthless unless part of a line.

@brendanobrien6943 3 года назад

I should have been more clear in that I was referring to the totality of the Macedonian system which included the phalanx as a primary component. The original Macedonian phalanx was designed by Phillip/Alexander as part of a combined arms doctrine and must be interpreted as such. In the post-Alexandrian Diadochi/Antigonid period this system was abandoned due to its costs and complexity and gradually replaced by simpler frontal attack/charge tactics wherein the phalanx was the primary arm of decision.The later Roman system was unquestionably more flexible (and they also seemed to have obtained a complete mastery of trench and siege warfare by the time of Sulla).

@sakdavid 3 года назад

@@brendanobrien6943 I also get the impression that the cavalry arm seems to have lapsed into a secondary role under the Antigonids, but I think what tends to be underestimated is the quality of Italian cavalry. They are automatically assumed to have been inferior, because they were repeatedly beaten by the Numidians in the Punic Wars, but in these battles they were always faced with severe numerical disadvantage. However, when they fought against Pyrrhus, they were perfectly capable of holding their own against his Macedonian and Thessalian (and Epirotan and Tarentine) cavalry, it was the elephant charges that broke them. So it's hard to see how Philip V or Perseus could have beaten the legions, when the tables had turned and it was the Romans who fielded elephants in their armies and the Greeks did not. I think the Seleucid cataphracts appearing around 200BC were the only unit of the era demonstrably superior to Italian cavalry (which the Parthians reaffirmed again later).

@brendanobrien6943 3 года назад

@@sakdavid Good points but we're talking about different periods after the Romans had the benefits of the evolution of all levels of echelon warfare arguably beginning with the reforms of Scipio in response to Hannibal's tactics (which some believe were introduced to Carthage by a Spartan mercenary) - as discussed it seems that Greek warfare devolved during this time. It does appear that the Romans were behind the curve initially in terms of cavalry but like everything else they adapted brilliantly from failure (similar to the naval turnaround in the first Punic War). Scipio had a massive cavalry advantage at Zama because of his Numidian allies rather native Roman cavalry - had Hannibal been able to rendezvous with Syphax the battle likely would have been different. In Gaul Caesar had to rely on the cavalrymen (to the extent that he made his own soldiers give up their horses to them) from the allied German tribes and arguably would not have been successful without them (they were crucial in forcing Vercingetorix into Alesia and the reserve German cavalry arguably tipped the balance at the end of the battle; over course Caesar's circumvallation was an incredible feat).

@sakdavid 3 года назад

@@brendanobrien6943 But this is what I am saying: I don't believe the Romans/Italians were initially (if by initially one means a date around 300BC) behind the Greek world in terms of cavalry, they were just as good. Yes, the cavalry seems to have declined in quality or maybe the tactical understanding of the commanders changed in Macedon itself over the course of the 3rd century, but in other places (Aetolia, Pergamon, Seleucid kingdom) it did not lapse and certainly in 280BC the cavalry fielded by Pyrrhus was as good as any Successor's cavalry from the previous 40 years, yet the Italians seem to have been its equals. I think what was holding Italian cavalry back from the spotlight is that Roman commanders of the era did not use cavalry to maximum effect in their battles because they did not understand combined arms tactics or were not interested because their military ideas were informed by cultural/ideological preferences or simply did not care, since they were confident that their legions were a battle-winning arm on their own anyway. Only Scipio ever did break the mould, because he was forced to deal with Hannibalic tactics.

@nathanofthefranks2955 3 года назад

Did you ever hear the tragedy of the Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1? I thought not. It’s not a story the Invicta would tell you. Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 was the 1st part in a legendary series. He had such a knowledge of the Roman Kingdom that he could even keep part 2 from being uploaded. The legend states that there are some that are still waiting, hoping for part 2.

@tasuja1827 2 года назад

underrated

@LordHoth_09 2 года назад

@@tasuja1827 I chuckled and clapped

@AdeToz 3 года назад

The Hetaroi, my most favourite calvary unit. Guagamela was their finest moment, perhaps followed closely by the battle of Hydaspes

@Boric78 3 года назад

Are ace in Europa Barbarorum.

@mpaulm 3 года назад

This group reminds me of how important Napoleons Marshall’s were. Great lives to read up on.

@zeus0710 3 года назад

Exactly, I believe Napoleon and Alexander had the best generals in history under them that could easily make decisions and strategies that could change a battle.

@shorewall 3 года назад

@@zeus0710 Promotions based on merit really pay off. :D

@alexanderb996 3 года назад

I really hope that Invicta does a video on Napoleon's Old Guard. More recent than most units he covers, but still an interesting topic

@rudman97 3 года назад

And both were having some kind of peculiar same personality. Napoleon's gender identity is still not clear to this day, same as that of Alexander. During the invasion of Egypt, Napoleon's role model for his cause was Alexander, who inspite of being a European, went on to the invasion of Egypt, Middle East and the known world.

@beorntwit711 2 года назад

Erm. Weren't almost all of Napoleon's Marshals absolutely dreadful in any independent capacity? (There were a few exceptiona, I think Davout, Oudinot?, Massena, maybe Lannes,...) Upon the whole, though, they got badly beaten any time he wasn't there to oversee them, by Allied generals.

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"Herodotus made a special point of emphasizing that the royal house of Macedonia was Greek by descent, and THUCYDIDES, who questioned much of what Herodotus said CONCURRED WITH HIM in calling the Macedonian kings “Temenidae from Argos’. Almost a century later Isocrates wrote to Philip II, saying “Argos is your fatherland’, and asked Philip to emulate his father (Amyntas) the founder of the monarchy (Perdiccas), and the originator of the family (Heracles).” [For further references consult Hdt.5.22;Thuc.2.99.3;Thuc.5.80.2; Isoc.5.32 and 105-12] N.G.L Hammond “A History of Greece to 322 B.C.”, pg. 18

@davidec.4021 3 года назад

Yessss it’s here! It’s finally here! Thank you Invicta 🙏🏻

@davidec.4021 3 года назад

@Egg T i’m already too old for that for Alexander’s standards!

@spacepenguin2570 3 года назад

Incredible. Always a great video on this channel. Never disappoints and this is no exception

@herpydepth1204 3 года назад

Man I was just thinking about this channel used to be called THFE Productions and it was about Prince of Macedon style Total War content with these documentary things as an every so often sort of side show thing. It’s kind of crazy how much everything has changed and I love it

@NewDawnReaper 3 года назад

Friend of the Greeks wasnt a title to a foreigner, but a title that Greeks gave to a Greek that made something to the interest of all Greeks and not just his city state/kingdom. neither access to Olympic game was granted because of that. Alexander the first participated in the olympic games because he proved his Greek discent to the ellanodikes.

@Mpoumpoukos 3 года назад

The first macedon who proved his greek descent and allowed to participate in the Olympic games was the grandfather of Alexander the great .

@Mpoumpoukos 3 года назад

@@imperialstormtrooper1054 Athenians deemed Spartans as barbarians too . There is no doubt that macedonians are greek .

@twisted_cpp 3 года назад

@@Mpoumpoukos that's what he said. Alexander I, who participated in the Olympics, ruled the obviously Greek Kingdom of Macedon about a century before Alexander the Great.

@hattorihaso2579 3 года назад

@@Mpoumpoukos they arent

@hattorihaso2579 3 года назад

Holy mental gymnastics batman no they where not greek

3 года назад

The most important cavalry unit of the antiquity. I glad that you upload this video, because the history of the army of Alexander the great, are much interesting for me and the Hetairoi were heroic in all battles taken place on Persia empire. Probably your best video for me. =D

@schmitty5461 3 года назад

Love all the info leading up to Alexander the greats reign, I never hear much about it except the mention of his father Phillip's reforms. Amazing work, amazing art, great job!

@kuwaitisnotadeployment1373 3 года назад

I've always thought that famous painting from Pompeii that is supposedly of the battle of Issus makes more sense that it's of the battle of Gaugamela

@forevermarked5826 3 года назад

Yup over said that also. Since Alexander came so close to Darius

@kuwaitisnotadeployment1373 2 года назад

@War Lord well nobody knows how many yards it was and you know that if you're a military history buff but Darius III still had his Golden Apples between himself and Alexander so one hundred yards is plausible.

@jackie1825 2 года назад

That was actually a mosaic :)

@kuwaitisnotadeployment1373 2 года назад

@@jackie1825 yes it was

@princekalender2154 3 года назад

One of the finest videos around. Congrats people, unbelievable work!

@stephenkevindoss1474 3 года назад

I’ve been looking for a companion doc. For some time now, thank you for putting this together it was informative as well as entertaining. Good job!

@explosivereactionstv7414 3 года назад

Last time i was this early, Thebes defeated Sparta

@drewinsur7321 3 года назад

Last time I was this late the Roman's conquered Sparta

@explosivereactionstv7414 3 года назад

@Egg T that’s what happens when you rely on slave labor too much and train people to die in battle

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439

@hannibalburgers477 2 года назад

French people speak very broken latin, but they are a Germanic tribe that live on lands of Gaul. British speak very broken French, while they are Anglo'Saxon Germanics that migrate on Romano-British lands. Manchurians and Mongols, spoke chinese when they conquered China and adapted their culture. Venedi Tribe was a mixture of Iberian and Gaelic sea-men, that migrated to modern day Venice and speak Italian. ROMANS were migrated Italian peninsula fron western anatolia and adapted culture and language of their Latin Socii. Medians were a different indo europian culture that conquered Persia, and adapted persian culture and language. Even greeks migrated to Balkan peninsula post-Bronze Age Collapse, adapted most of it's culture. They could be one of those Greek migrants, or natives of the land assimilated by Greek culture, or Bronze age colonists of Cretan empires. They even could be cousins of Dacians or Hittites.

@hannibalburgers477 2 года назад

What I mean is the Makednoi era is surprising closer to our time, and much later than the their first apoearance. People used to believe Etruskians were greek or latin, before they found out about disappeared research of emperor Claudius.

@hannibalburgers477 2 года назад

I almost forgot about Spartans. Spoke Greek, dressed greek. Was not Greek. Both mentally and physically resisted to Greek culture, even being unnecessary cruel to Greek settlers. Failed, failed very hard. But they were either Peloponnesian natives or what's left of Balkan empires. Nobody should ever forget about Bronze age collapse.

@vangelisskia214 2 года назад

@@hannibalburgers477 I stopped reading where you wrote that "the Spartans were not Greek". 😂 The Spartans were Dorian Greeks according to all ancient and modern sources. The Macedonians were Dorians as well. From your comments it is clear to me that you are very confused about this historical subject. You should read some books by proper historians cause i guess this is what happens when you 'learn" history from RU-vid videos..

@chance2413 2 года назад

@@vangelisskia214 As you say this on a YT video t hat is very reputable. I hate when people pretend you cant learn proper history (or anything) on youtube.

@abid5087 3 года назад

I’ve been excited for this video for a while and it did not disappoint. This was an awesome and fascinating video!

@Chrisconditioning 3 года назад

Really like your content. Your structure, delivery and subject matter is always top keep it up. Thank you.

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"Not much need to be said about the Greekness of ancient Macedonia: it is undeniable." Ian Worthington, "Philip II of Macedon", Yale University, 2008

@Aristotelis_Hellas 3 года назад

Thanks from Macedonia region, Greece 🇬🇷🔆

@181ld7 3 года назад

Greece is Macedonia 🇲🇰

@Aristotelis_Hellas 3 года назад

@@181ld7 🤣🤣🤣

@ghostofathens6600 3 года назад

@@181ld7 Macedonia is in Greece 🇬🇷

@wewuzirlyriliansandshiiit6123 3 года назад

@@181ld7 FYRO Vardarska bananovina is inhabited by albanians and bulgarians *MACEDONIA® IS GREECE*

@181ld7 3 года назад

@@wewuzirlyriliansandshiiit6123 Macedonians are the real Ancient Greeks

@jessicalee3929 3 года назад

Very informative, very well done :) Thank you!

@bradleyclutton4564 3 года назад

The best video yet in my mind, well done guys and thank you.

@CivilWarWeekByWeek 3 года назад

We all need companions, preferably they are elite cavalry men

@coreystockdale6287 3 года назад

I think Daniel sickles could use some companion body guards as well

@CivilWarWeekByWeek 3 года назад

@@coreystockdale6287 He could have

@kostas3577 3 года назад

Me beeing Greek this makes me really proud for my ancestors

@thundernegro 3 года назад

As an American, I'm in awe of the Greeks. You can be proud.

@181ld7 3 года назад

Greek or Macedonian? They are 2 different things.

@Ntopios 3 года назад

@@181ld7 No they are not.

@aleksaninkovic6116 3 года назад

You may live in the region they lived but I am pretty sure that todays greeks are nothing like the ones before

@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326 3 года назад

@@aleksaninkovic6116 Doesn't matter. Greek has been a culture adopted by many different civilizations since Alexander's expansions.What matters is that the language has evolved and it still exists.

@anthonysimmons1372 3 года назад

Amazing episode! Best content thus far!

@cowboysthrowawaynumber1121 3 года назад

Amazing video!!! So detailed it’s incredible.

@hakon_brennus_wolff106 3 года назад

A good idea for this series: The Gallowglass (gallóglaigh): elite Scottish infantry originally rooted from the Norse Gaels.

@mikeoxsmal8022 3 года назад

The galloglass were Irish of Scottish Norse Gael origin the Scots never used galloglass

@egoborder3203 3 года назад

this was damn great!

@jonl2172 3 года назад

Your videos are really well made and very informative. Love it!!

@basilacis5661 3 года назад

Incredible video! We really appreciate your toil from Thessaloniki!

@Ikaros1994 3 года назад

Alexander, the greatest Greek who has ever lived.

@filipb2376 3 года назад

He was the gresatest but he wasnt greek. He is Ancient Macedonian, the nation that died with Cleopatra, Who is the last Descendant of Alexander the great. So Greece has no right to claim him. No one can claim him.

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

@@filipb2376 Alexander the Great SELF-IDENTIFYING AS GREEK: "Your ancestors came to Macedonia and THE REST OF HELLAS (Greece) and did us great harm, though we had done them no prior injury. I have been appointed LEADER OF THE GREEKS, and wanting to punish the Persians I have come to Asia, which I took from you..." Alexander the Great Alexander's letter to Persian king Darius in response to a truce plea, as quoted in Anabasis Alexandri by Arrian; translated as Anabasis of Alexander by P. A. Brunt, for the "Loeb Edition" Book II 14, 4 “Now you fear punishment and beg for your lives, so I will let you free, if not for any other reason so that you can see the difference between a GREEK KING and a barbarian tyrant, so do not expect to suffer any harm from me. A king does not kill messengers.” Alexander the Great Historia Alexandri Magni of Pseudo-Kallisthenes, 1.37.9-13 "He set the Persian palace on fire, even though Parmenion urged him to save it, arguing that it was not right to destroy his own property, and that the Asians would not thus devote themselves to him, if he seemed determined not to rule Asia, but only to pass through as a conqueror. But Alexander replied that he intended to PUNISH THE PERSIANS FOR THEIR INVASION OF GREECE, the destruction of Athens, the burning of the temples, and all manner of terrible things done TO THE GREEKS: because of these things, HE was exacting REVENGE". [Arrian Anab. 3. 18. 11-12].

@jamesstole9007 3 года назад

He was macedonian no greeks .. macedonians and greeks in that time diffrent only gods the same

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

@@jamesstole9007 "Not much need to be said about the Greekness of ancient Macedonia: it is undeniable." Ian Worthington, "Philip II of Macedon", Yale University, 2008 "The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439: "The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS.THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar." George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow,University College Oxford

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

@@jamesstole9007 "Macedon was an Ancient GREEK polity. THE MACEDONIANS WERE A GREEK TRIBE. HISTORIOGRAPHY AND SCHOLARSHIP AGREE that Alexander the Great WAS GREEK ." Hornblower 2008, pp. 55-58; Errington 1990, pp. 3-4; Fine 1983, pp. 607-08; Hall 2000, p. 64; Hammond 2001, p. 11; Jones 2001, p. 21; Osborne 2004, p. 127; Hammond 1989, pp. 12-13; Hammond 1993, p. 97; Starr 1991, pp. 260, 367; Toynbee 1981, p. 67; Worthington 2008, pp. 8, 219; Cawkwell 1978, p. 22; Perlman 1973, p. 78; Hamilton 1974, Chapter 2: The Macedonian Homeland, p. 23; Bryant 1996, p. 306; O'Brien 1994, p. 25. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_the_Great#cite_note-Macedonians-282

@christopherzantiotis 3 года назад

If they’re descendent from the Argive/Argead Dynasty, then they’re ethnically Doric Hellenes. I know it is popular on channels like this to try and be neutral or even try to legitimize the claims of FYROM/North Macedonians (ethnic & linguistic Bulgarians); but the facts are as follows. First, they spoke a dialect of Hellenic. They could have spoken multiple dialects in multiple localities in the Archaic period, but the assertion that they had a completely different language is conjecture without evidence! They also wrote solely in a Hellenic script. Secondly, they worshipped the Hellenic pantheon of Gods. Third, they did have a Hellenic/Greek/Doric culture, because why adopt and subjugate a population and force a different culture on them which would be unpopular and very hard considering the feudal nature and tenuous power of the Macedonian government. Other cultures around them like the Illyrians and Thracians adopted many aspects of Hellenism but never identified as culturally or ethnically Hellenic like the Makedonians! So please don’t brush aside all the evidence showing they were Hellenic. Because trying to dichotomize the words Greek and Macedonian, as though they’re mutually exclusive is intellectually dishonest and propagandistic. I can post up a plethora of quotes that affirm Macedonian ‘Hellenicness’, if you would all like. And PS... don’t quote me the at war with (Macedonia), very biased Demosthenes.

@onyxlepgm 3 года назад

true, greek/macedonian are hellenes

@darthcalanil5333 3 года назад

pretty sure the video said that at least the Macedonian core land on the plain area is Hellenic and at least the Royalty identified themselves as coming from Argus

@bliblablubb9590 3 года назад

Culture is always a geographical spectrum and the way ancient writers described macedon, it was probably a borderstate to "pure" hellenic culture being similar but also having distinct and unique differences, while even the word "hellenic" itself poses difficulties since the varying polis could also be quite different.It's not unlike modern european states, having a shared cultural european background (in contrast to east asia, africa etc.), but are still different while border regions like elsass, luxemburg are distinct in sharing cultural aspects of french and german background or tirol is an amalgamation of austrian and italian influence.

@zeus0710 3 года назад

Exactly they're Hellenes

@christopherzantiotis 3 года назад

@@mastortechnon4157 @Blibla Blubb I completely agree with the assessment of the antagonism between the Hellenic city states and their peoples. The Makedonians were considered ‘Barbaric’ to the Athenians, as they associated the polis and ‘Hellenicness’ as intertwined. It was the contemporaneous perspective of a haughty and chauvinistic Athenian upper class against the enemy Makedonians. The Athenians believed that the polis was the most civilized form of state, and also quintessentially Hellenic. To them, only barbarians had a hereditary monarchy. The Makedonians were on the periphery of the Hellenic world, and didn’t adapt to the new age of the Polis system. They also had some differing customs and practices, like drinking wine undiluted. But as you beat me to mentioning the Mycenaeans... they too had a Monarchial feudal system, with a titular ’Wanax’. They ‘most likely’ drank wine undiluted too. Most pertinent to this discussion, is that today archeologists, linguistics professors and geneticists all consider the Mycenaeans to be the ‘early Greeks’, the ancestors of the classical Hellenes. My contention is that many people are analyzing ancient ethnicity based on inconsistent and incongruent methodologies. We either accept that genetics and linguistics define ethnicity, like most archeologists, linguistics professors and geneticists do (when classifying the Mycenaeans as the early Greeks, based on genetics and linguistics); or we define ethnicity based on how the ancient Athenians did... Which would mean that we today would have to reassess and say that the Mycenaeans speaking Hellenic and being Genetically Hellenic is not enough to consider them the early Hellenes (and worshipping Hellenic Gods, etc)... just like the Makedonians (who descended from the Argead Dorians, and oh... were able to affirm their Hellenicness by competing in the strictly restricted ethnically Hellenic only Olympics, etc). Anyways, taking this logic to its most absurd extreme... modern day Hellenes/Greeks I guess can’t be considered Hellenes, as they don’t live in a polis state, and drink undiluted wine, etc?

@deuxpomme9777 3 года назад

I love the narration in this video it's so deep and great for storytelling

@ebeneezerscrooge8394 2 года назад

Yet another amazing video

@queldron 3 года назад

Only through civil war Greeks could unite. That was the great flaw of them. And even then, the Spartans did not join the Hellenic League.

@cheesehands3112 3 года назад

Spartans weren't anything to talk about by that time. Epaminondas straight up neutered them. They weren't a threat to anyone after he came along. Look it up, they revolted when Alexander was in Persia and got fu**ed up by a regional governor...

@wankawanka3053 Год назад

That can be said about china and india

@stefan3304 3 года назад

Great video.. greetings from Macedonia

@shorewall 3 года назад

This might be your best video yet. Well done!

@user-ln8eh5nq3q 3 года назад

Great video as always Invicta !!!!!

@antreasmarountas9531 3 года назад

i am fan of this channel but i'm sceptical about some inaccuracies that are mentioned in this video. And i quote " in response(to what?to alexander's transformative reign? ) , the southern city states granted him the title of FRIEND OF THE GREEKS and allowed the monarch to actually participate in the exclusive olympic games. " 1. Well, actually they granted him the forementioned title because even without having the means(organised army and southern support)to stand against persian empire, and having Xerxes as overlord,he risked everything to help his fellow greeks . 2. As for the title itself it doesn't mean he was not considered to be greek himself( Alexander the 1st) as a Macedonian. And i quote from wikipedia and lsj "In antiquity, the term philhellene (Greek: φιλέλλην, from φίλος - philos, "dear one, friend" + Έλλην - Hellen, "Greek"[1]) was used to describe both non-Greeks who were fond of ancient Greek culture and Greeks who patriotically upheld their culture. The Liddell-Scott Greek-English Lexicon defines 'philhellene' as "fond of the Hellenes, mostly of foreign princes, as Amasis; of Parthian kings[...]; also of Hellenic tyrants, as Jason of Pherae and generally of Hellenic (Greek) patriots.[2] Some examples: Evagoras of Cyprus[3] and Philip II were both called "philhellenes" by Isocrates[4] The early rulers of the Parthian Empire, starting with Mithridates I (r. 171 - 132 BC), used the title of philhellenes on their coins, which was a political act done in order to establish friendly relations with their Greek subjects.[5] ". 3. about the participation in the exclusive olympic games. City states DID NOT allow or deny anyone's right to participate in the olympic games. As there wasn't one distinct greek state, every candidate had to prove himself of greek descend before the HELLANODIKAI ,the judges of the games. p.s. i understand how visualization works but honestly invicta? talking about alexander the 1st and pin an image of alexander the 3rd on the map?

@efthimisboukou7130 3 года назад

my man !! you should make some historical videos !! Keep up the good work.

@timurthelamest5630 2 года назад

The Companion cavalry became the undisputed best unit at the time when they incorporated Iranian cavalrymen who were revered to be invincible by even Herodotus.

@richardcharay7788 3 года назад

Another excellent and interesting video, thanks!

@t2av159 3 года назад

This is amazing!

@mitchelvandermeij1819 3 года назад

I would like to suggest the Varangian Guard for a future video!

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"Alexander called a meeting of his generals the next day. He told them that no city was more hateful TO THE GREEKS than Persepolis, the capital of the old kings of Persia, the city from which troops without number had poured forth, from which first Darius and then Xerxes had waged an unholy war on Europe. To appease the spirits OF THEIR FOREFATHERS they should wipe it out, he said". (Quintus Curtius Rufus 5.6.1)

@EnTomTanke 3 года назад

Wonderful video! Thank you!

@NYCfrankie 3 года назад

This was really well done I knew most of information I'm a huge history nut but there were a few things I hadn't heard before Kings and Generals and Invicta are two of the best history channels on RU-vid great video

@champosvezast.v.4355 3 года назад

Not "friend of the Greeks" but "friend of all the Greeks"... As the first would appear to say that he was not Greek (while he was ofcourse). The second means there are no political benefits you are friend of all Greek parties and alliances... Same frase with deferment word was feasted later for Alexander the great... "hegemony of all Greeks" (and not "hegemon of the Greeks)...

@tinas.77 3 года назад

Funny how with all detailed explanations throughout history, you still refuse to acknowledge the facts. Philip was a MAKEDON (Macedon was the name given by Romans) King that terrified your people, and his son Alexander didn't fall far behind. Stop claiming the kingdom of Macedon as your own after all the terror your ancestors had to go through. It's shameful and a huge disrespect towards your own!

@champosvezast.v.4355 3 года назад

@@tinas.77 Some chickens in here can't handle truth and facts so they reporting the comments for delete in order to feel they win their clown arguments... I am not apenting more time with clowns and history thieves....

@deepdungeon8465 3 года назад

@@champosvezast.v.4355 yeah, at least we African Americans know we're from Africa. This Slavs really has a serious *"Identify CRISIS!"*

@champosvezast.v.4355 3 года назад

@@deepdungeon8465 the thing is (at least according to my logic) that there is no shame in what you are and where you come from... But those people instead of bear it with honor and pride they want to steal other identities and names and history... It really is pathetic...

@deepdungeon8465 3 года назад

@@champosvezast.v.4355 ya right nigga, but I think they want to be of Alexander's Legacy even if they haven't had any connection with Hellenic Civilization. Kinda sad, but people wants something to be proud about and not giving a fuck even if they have to still other's glory and achievements.

@user-ll9hb3sd8h 3 года назад

The Byzantines indeed had an "Hetarairea" that just like Alexander their duty was to be the Royal guard of the Byzantine "Basileus"

@Armorius2199 3 года назад

Yes, it was in a way homage to their ancestors.

@user-ll9hb3sd8h 3 года назад

@@Armorius2199 Yes, they knew they were Hellens and try to emulate them in many ways.

@gilpaubelid3780 3 года назад

@@imperialstormtrooper1054 Since I've seen comments of Pablo Mena before, I have to say that what you wrote about him isn't true. I think you misunderstood him. Even though I'm Greek I'm calling them regularly byzantines as well in order to avoid confusion. That's because most people don't know that during the byzantine period the name "Roman" had a different meaning and was used to describe the Roman citizen/someone that had Roman citizenship no matter their ethnicity. As a result each time they hear someone talking about Romans during the byzantine period they don't realize that by "Romans" we mean Greeks that were Roman citizens and they wrongly believe that we're referring to the old Romans.

@gilpaubelid3780 3 года назад

@@imperialstormtrooper1054 By calling them Romans without defining what "Roman" meant during that period could be harmful as well because people are getting confused. That's probably why Pablo called them byzantines, so I don't think that there is any reason to attack him.

@user-ll9hb3sd8h 3 года назад

@@imperialstormtrooper1054 Woah what happen here? I'm pretty shure you were the rigth heirs of the Roman Empire but you were not Romans, not in the propper way, you were Romioi that's different now, you were far more Greeks than Romans in almost everything yet the Byzantine period wasn't just the Eastern Roman continuation but it was the Hellenistic period continuation, dont get me wrong guys i'm in my second year of Hellenic studies becouse i admire Greek's and i'm pretty shure that the Byzantine Empire was indeed a Greek/Hellenistic empire but you must aknowledge that the Byzantine Greeks didin't studie Cicero nor Virgil, they studied Plato, Homer ect, you should be proud of being a Greek rather than a Latin Roman. Byzantines studied Greek history becouse it was their history, they didin't study Cato the elder texts, they called the Latin language "Barbarian" and "Scythian", when the Byzantines arrived at Italy the enslaved the local Roman-Latin population of Taranto and they repopulate the city with Greek colonist. They used to practice the ancient Hellenic warfare tactis of Aelianus or Onosander but they didin't figth like the Legions or something like that, Heraclius himself during the Persian-Byzantine wars tried to emulate Alexander the great and thier troops used to be equiped with Hellenic-Eastern armor the David plates are a great example of this, the helmets of the Byzantine soldiers are the same as those of the Hellenistic/Attic type and examples like this are huge but if it make's you happy i hate the Latins as much as you.

@Justyhn 3 года назад

wow! thank you so much! really loved it!!! 🙏🏼

@terryhughes7349 Год назад

fantastic documentary

@whiteangel6675 3 года назад

"HELLENISTIC PERIOD OF GREAT ALEXANDER" 🇬🇷

@latehub5231 3 года назад

@deuratusanimatedhistory10 3 года назад

If Invicta isn't going to accept it, I would use some help with the Greek pronunciation. You can add me on discord: Alcetas#6256 if you are willing to help me.

@latehub5231 3 года назад

@@deuratusanimatedhistory10 Okay I added you. Profile name is Theo#4265

@thetyler1experience922 3 года назад

Was waiting for this!!

@shawnbeckett1370 3 года назад

Awesome as always

@tenriayukawa5478 3 года назад

"To the strongest" goosebumps.!

@queldron 3 года назад

"Eis ton kratiston" Is the exact quote just so you know 😁

@deuxpomme9777 3 года назад

@@queldronthat's p cool, Greek sounds really awesome

@queldron 3 года назад

@@deuxpomme9777 Indeed they do :D

@kronoscamron7412 2 года назад

Alexander was a great warrior king, he was the first to face the enemy. he didnt order his men to go and die for him, he would cast himself into battle and his men followed. Great king.

@aaronwalker4017 3 года назад

Wow man..what an informative video..thanks again invicta..never a let down yet.. great breakdown..and decent sized video..love the 15-20min snippets but these are great occasionally..one of the greatest conquests ever known..could have been a great dynasty if he had at least one son!!!

@robertochacon5338 3 года назад

great video! thanks!

@vangelisskia214 3 года назад

"Greece as one includes Macedonia" «΄Εστιν ουν Ελλάς και η Μακεδονία» Strabo GEOGRAPHY 10.2.23

@scp-2348 3 года назад

Ngl, i misread the title as "Macadamian Cavalry" and was confused for a moment.

@rafetizer 3 года назад

They have a reputation for being a little nuts.

@hhaasnoot 3 года назад

Theyre a tough nut to crack

@kirschakos 3 года назад

Amazing video once again!

@Cluns436 3 года назад

Found this channel researching the Romans for school but stayed for the great content!

@sststr 3 года назад

I know this is out of your wheel house, but I would still love to see you do a video on the 1683 siege of Vienna.

@ganeshraja5672 3 года назад

next video - the silver shields ?

@bldbar118 3 года назад

great video, thanks

@misterdonlon 3 года назад

Sweet maps as always Invicta!

@Peterkonto 3 года назад

Nice channel on Greek history, unfortunately its been hijacked by Bulgarians and Albanians on the comment sections..

@Fenniks- 3 года назад

ahh the Companion Cavalry one of my most favorite military units in History

@jimbarth9859 3 года назад

First video I've seen from this channel. Fantastic. Subscribed.

@optimistprime332 3 года назад

Amazing work

@Fail.Better 3 года назад

Spends months gathering historical information Hours verifying accuracy Hours writing Hours recording Hours editing Opens with an image that's a homage to a historically inaccurate battle scene from a movie. Not gonna lie, I chuckled a little.

@Tekmirion 3 года назад

Very well presented and informed. Alexander the 1st says directly that he is Greek in Herodotus "History" and he already had the Macedonian indepentant kingdom. Hellin(Greek) means something bigger than just a Greek, it means human with knowledge etc etc and is the exactly opposite of barbarian. So the "friend of the Greeks" is that as an independand, he is not a threat to humanity and their civilization... I hope that was somehow a help to you!

@Tekmirion 3 года назад

@Rosh Geler Φίλε Rosh προκαταλημένο σε βλέπω, γιατί έχουν κάνει καλή δουλειά άσχετα αν δεν έχουν όλες τις λεπτομέρειες σωστά. Ίσως να υπάρχει μεγάλη παραχάραξη απο εκεί που πήραν τις πληροφορίες. Εσύ που είσαι Έλληνας γιατί δεν βοηθάς δίνοντας τις σωστές πληροφορίες ή έστω τις σωστές πηγές για να μην τους δουλεύουν. Μετά βγάλε όσα συμπεράσματα θές.

@saeedvazirian 3 года назад

lmfao pathetic. it was destroyed. And thank God for that.

@Tekmirion 3 года назад

@@saeedvazirian ... speaking by yourself for yourself is nice but don`t bring yourself so low in front of all others!

@michaelheater1969 3 года назад

Great video

@spencerevans8719 3 года назад

Amazing video and I can't get enough of this time period. However, I don't understand why Carmania is located on the map in Epirus instead of where it actually was in Southeastern Iran.

@ofallmyintention9496 3 года назад

Nothing beats preparation. All of the best generals ever were the best prepared: from Alexander, to Hannibal, to Caesar and Octavian/Augustus, to Napoleon and Frederick the Great. They all did everything they could to win the battle before it even began.

@americaneagle900 3 года назад

They also understood, that to win, one must circumvent the rules of war. If you fight as expected, your enemy will anticipate your every move and beat you. They came up with new strategies and were bold enough to execute them.

@saeedvazirian 3 года назад

and despite that, they all lost. All of them.

@V-q8is 3 года назад

@@saeedvazirian wtf is in your head? That everyone except the Persians lost?

@V-q8is 3 года назад

@@froggymusicman absolutely.

@ryanosborn6200 3 года назад

Great video as always, I'd love to see one taking a look at the Polish Winged Hussars and their impressive record

@shdba 3 года назад

Beautiful, well done!

@jamesajiduah2001 3 года назад

When will you do the evolution of the Roman army?

@VarangianBodyguard 3 года назад

King of Kings! The greatest of Greeks 🇬🇷 ! Hero, leader, warrior 💪💪💪 Admiration and reverence to the Immortal Alexander The Great! Ἔστι μὲν οὖν Ἑλλὰς καὶ ἡ Μακεδονία 😎 🔥

@topgears7775 3 года назад

Very intressting research and very detailed illustrations which I loved! watching your vids from Iran 🇮🇷

@ToroksMagic 3 года назад

Great video!

@bimbimmi1006 3 года назад

And the bulgarians who live in north macedonia de facto, thinks they are decedent of macedonians ,😂I'm the only one who think so?😂😂

@iQafa 3 года назад

I'm an Albanian from North Macedonia. A lot of Macedonian Slavs legitimately believe they are descendants of the Ancient Macedonians and Alexander the Great. They've been thoroughly brainwashed when it comes to history.

@user-oc9cn4po8p 3 года назад

@@iQafa actually there's evidence of their own diaspora declaring themselves bulgarian Macedonian so they just cut bulgarian and they are now only Macedonian 😆🤣😂 And yet they celebrate same national heroes with bulgarian isn't it funny 😂

@iQafa 3 года назад

@@user-oc9cn4po8p Before the end of the 19th century, the ancestors of modern day Macedonians were ethnically Bulgarian, you can see this in the ethnographic work that was done by multiple authors back then. Modern Macedonians are a Slavic people, they have nothing to do with Ancient Macedonia, which was culturaly Hellenic.

@swoldier7308 3 года назад

@@iQafa And Albanians geniuenly belive they are descedants of Illyrians while having a turkish-muslim names,christian flag borrowed from serbians,serbian national hero,serbian traditional clothing and a asiatic langugage XD

@iQafa 3 года назад

@@swoldier7308 Albanians know they are descendants of a Paleo-Balkan people, because all the evidence is in the language. As per the University of Texas: web.archive.org/web/20120916055123/www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/general/ie-lg/Albanian.html The name of the kingdom Dardania originates from the Albanian word "Dardha" , as per Russian linguist Vladimir Orel in his book "Albanian Etymological Dictionairy". According to historian Alexander Stipcevic in his book "The Illyrians" he notes that Albanians have retained some of the costumes and other cultural aspects from the Illyrians. As for Skanderbeg, go ask the Castriota descendents and the Arbereshe in Italy, see for yourself what language they speak. Now please dear Slavic friend, provide me with books and research papers from international historians. I did, because I do research and read, apparently unlike yourself. And about the names, Muslim Albanians yes, but Christian Albanians don't use Turkish and Arabic names. That's honestly the biggest non argument I've seen.

@harryj4165 3 года назад

Wow what a great in-depth video! Nice research! A common mistake though... why did you exclude Alexander the 1st from the other 'Greeks'? I mean the part ''he imported the greek practices'', it is more likely ''the Athenian practices''. Greece was not only Athens. The idea of a country is same people, same language, same religion, the feeling of being alike. So, like Attica (Athenians) , like Lakedemonia (Spartans), like Thessaly (Larissans), like Boeotia (Thebians), like Crete (Cretans, former Minoans) and many more city-states-kingdoms , Macedon(ia) had the Macedonians. Yes, every city had its own policy and many times fought with one another, but they were all Hellines (Greeks as for today). Sokrates once said ''A conflict between Hellines will not be described as a war, but as a stasis. We only declair war on the barbarians -the non greek tribes- ''. (book~Republic of Plato) Didn't expect such a big missconcept from a channel like this, please study harder.

@bruh3128 3 года назад

Macedonia is Greek so it don't really matter (if I'm not a wrong athens was the biggest power)

@pitsinokaki 2 года назад

Yep, and he even explicitly says that he is Greek and that as such, he wants to help the southern city-states, as we know from Herodotus.

@puppetmasterk2 2 года назад

Macedonia and Alexander of Macedon were no greks, not in the past, not even today! Long live Macedonia and macedonians! 🇲🇰☀️

@harryj4165 2 года назад

@@puppetmasterk2 long live Macedonia, long live Hellas, yes, and may long live yourself too friend. Opinions are like ass' holes today: everyone has one. You can keep yours, but facts and history are undisputable.

@danielknight506 3 года назад

I have waited so long for this

@barnettmcgowan8978 3 года назад

Awesome job!

@johngallagher9151 3 года назад

I find it interesting how similar the Kopis, Falcata, and Kukri are. Did the Iberian tribes make the Falcata first, or did the Greeks make the Kopis first?

@raloniusmaximus 3 года назад

the people that make these swords are all indo-european, so maybe it was an old sword from the Yamnaya culture and they ended up putting their own spins on it