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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection from microbes. These are organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses. UTIs are among the most common infections in humans. A UTI can happen anywhere in your urinary tract. Your urinary tract is made up of your kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Most UTIs only involve the urethra and bladder, in the lower tract. However, UTIs can involve the ureters and kidneys, in the upper tract. Although upper tract UTIs are rarer than lower tract UTIs, they’re also usually more severe.
Lower urinary tract infection symptoms-
(1) Increased frequency of urination without passing much urine
(2) Burning with urination
(3) Increased urgency of urination
(4) Bloody urine, Cloudy urine, Urine that looks like cola or tea
(5) Urine that has a strong odour
(6) Urine that has a strong odour
UTIs are a key reason we're often told to wipe from front to back after using the toilet. That's because the urethra is located relatively close to the anus. Bacteria from the large intestine, such as E. coli, are in the perfect position to escape from the anus and invade the urethra. From there, they can travel up to the bladder, and if the infection isn't treated, continue on to infect the kidneys. Infection of the bladder is the commonest cause of cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. Women may be especially prone to UTIs because they have a shorter urethra, which allows bacteria quick access to the bladder.
Causes- (1) Female anatomy- A woman has a shorter urethra than a man does, which shortens the distance that bacteria must travel to reach the bladder. (2) Certain types of birth control-
Women who use diaphragms for birth control may be at higher risk, as well as women who use spermicidal agents (3) Menopause- After menopause, a decline in circulating estrogen causes changes in the urinary tract that make you more vulnerable to infection (4) Infection of the bladder (cystitis)
(5) Infection of the urethra (Urethritis) (6) Diabetes and other diseases that impair the immune system - the body's defence against germs - can increase the risk of UTIs.
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28 авг 2024
