Venus is NOT a "Runaway" Greenhouse Effect!

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Mars and Venus are both in the habitable zone, but their climates are not human-friendly. What if they formed in opposite locations? Would either one be habitable then? To find out, we'll need atmospheric science and a little help from NASA.
00:00 Cold Open
00:53 Current Venus Conditions
02:39 Dr. Chris Colose
04:22 Solar Radiation
06:29 Greenhouse Effect
07:32 Thermal Equilibrium
08:34 Conclusions
10:22 Outro
10:44 Sponsor Message
11:31 Featured Comment
Nick Lucid - Creator/Host/Writer/Editor/Animator
Special thanks to Dr. Chris Colose for speaking with me!
Watch our entire conversation here:
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#GlobalWarming #ClimateChange #GreenhouseEffect

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7 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 1,6 тыс.

@cmc0605 3 года назад

Hi all, I'm the Chris Colose in the video: some people below asked about Mars forming in Venus' orbit. Ultimately, it would have had a runaway greenhouse effect early on and lose whatever atmosphere it took on (water heavy in the runaway phase, and maybe CO2 heavy in the post-runaway phase). Right now, it would probably just be a dry/hot rock without much atmosphere, but have a slower rotation due to tidal effects from the Sun.

@jorgenitales412 3 года назад

what are the odds of ceres being caught by venus gravity and becoming a moon of the planet? venus will have a greater gravity than mars have in this hypothetical scenario, wouldn't that influence the belt?

@josephsalomone 3 года назад

Out of curiosity, how do we know it was a runaway greenhouse effect and not related to its resurfacing event? Could it have just been hit by some large object to cause all that heat, which would also help explain the resurfacing and the reverse rotation?

@MultiPleaser 3 года назад

@@josephsalomone Exactly. Because Venus's day is 1/4 of a Venus year, the oceans would have boiled, or they just wouldn't have formed in the first place (as comets fed the inner planets, according to theory). Water is a greenhouse gas, so that would heat the atmosphere much like CO2. And how much of Venus's lost water made it's way to Earth? The zodiacal light is dust and gas in the plane of the ecliptic, and the Earth is zipping through this gas at 67,000 mph, and collecting some. Of course, we lose more mass than we collect in asteroids these days, but imagine the early days if Venus lost a mile thick ocean. How much would the Earth have collected? How much would Mars have collected? And if Mars and Venus had formed in opposite locations?

@MultiPleaser 3 года назад

@@jorgenitales412 Pretty low odds. Mars perihelion is 1.666 AU while Ceres aphelion is 2.56 AU: a difference of 0.9 AU. Heck, the Earth and Mars are a lot closer than that (0.38 AU), and the Earth and Venus are a LOT closer than that (0.28 AU). I worry Venus and Earth might come together or swap positions.

@RoScFan 3 года назад

So it would be a larger mercury?

@ulti-mantis 3 года назад

One funny thing about Venus' acid rain is that the atmosphere closer to the surface gets so hot that it evaporates way before reaching it (a phenomenon called virga), forming clouds that rise and rain once again without ever reaching the ground.

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

😱😱😱

@MsSonali1980 3 года назад

That would explain why the rocky surface doesn't show what I expected from acid rain, raining on it.

@blureyes106 3 года назад

Groundhog Day: Venusian Rain edition

@aurorathekitty7854 2 года назад

I saw that same exact thing when I lived in Gila Bend Arizona. Seen a lone cloud raining and the water never hit the ground.

@smokingstone1141 2 года назад

@@aurorathekitty7854 Well, that's Gila Bend for you. 😈

@DANGJOS 3 года назад

I must say, it's a little strange seeing infrared light being drawn with a short wavelength, and visible light drawn with a long wavelength haha.

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Whoops! 🤦‍♂️ I knew I was going to miss some little detail with this video. I guess you found it.

@cmc0605 3 года назад

I missed this too!

@maximkhan-magomedov431 3 года назад

@@ScienceAsylum on the other hand, it's a good idea for easter eggs.

@PulseCodeMusic 3 года назад

yeah that was bugging me every time haha

@polychoron 3 года назад

I can't believe I missed that!

@Cheebzsta 2 года назад

My favourite lightbulb moment about Venus was in discussing the pressure on the surface and this is one of those obvious explanations that, if you're like me, you'd just never realized: If you're at the bottom of the Marianas Trench there's all that ocean mass squishing down above you but if you boiled the entire ocean then all that mass would still be there just... dispersed. The pressure is so high at the surface on Venus because the entire ocean has boiled and you're now standing at the bottom of it while it FLOATS ABOVE YOU!

@AlexandarHullRichter 2 года назад

That makes a lot of sense. I was wondering how a planet smaller than Earth could hold on to so much atmosphere to create that pressure, but your explanation would do it.

@mikicerise6250 2 года назад

How could you do this to me, Venus? How could you do this to us?

@hillaryclinton2415 2 года назад

It's not floating, it is blanketing.

@Cheebzsta 2 года назад

@@hillaryclinton2415 I suppose that's a better term from an accuracy perspective. :) Still! Super cool to clue into that. Blanketed and crushed via steam ocean. Heh.

@ffggddss 2 года назад

An apt analogy/explanation! In order to get to the surface pressure on Venus, in Earth's ocean, you'd need to dive to a depth of only about 900 m ≈ 3000 ft; nowhere *near* as deep as you *could* go. (Each 10 m of depth in water, in Earth's surface gravity, increases the pressure just about 1 atm.) Fred

@spookwagen-thegreat1350 2 года назад

I took an astrophysics class three semesters ago. Your mention of the Stepham-Bloztmann law was so much clearer than my profs approach who went from the equation to the physical interpretation. Your way of explaining it by starting with a question and moving to the equation to answer it was so much better. Keep up the great work man!

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

Thanks! I'm glad it resonated with you 🤓

@Impatient_Ape 3 года назад

Dude! You just got a shout-out from Matt on PBS Spacetime!

@The8BitGuy 2 года назад

It's actually really unfortunate that we don't have another earth like planet in our habitable zone. I suspect humanity would have colonized it decades ago and commercial space travel would probably be on-par with commercial air travel.

@gamerpro608 2 года назад

wouldn't we have conflict with aliens on that earth

@WorldWalker128 2 года назад

@@gamerpro608 Not necessarily. It might have only had weird plants instead of animals. Or only developed animals as their higher life forms and no Sapient races like ours. Or if it did they might have been purely oceanic-based and unable to exit their seas.

@gamerpro608 2 года назад

@@WorldWalker128 what if the animals developed intelligence

@mikicerise6250 2 года назад

I'd definitely be living there.

@douglashoover6473 2 года назад

This video indirectly answers a pair of questions I was wondering about: If Venus gets about twice as much solar radiation as Earth, why isn't it even hotter than it is? If Mars gets less than half the solar radiation that Earth dies, why isn't it even colder? Answer: By the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, temperature should be as the fourth root of solar radiation, which greatly moderates things.

@oneicarus 2 года назад

Stephan-Boltzmann Law talks about the radiation a body emits, not the one it receives, assuming it emits perfect radiation (like a black body would). Therefore, this law isn't formulated so that Sun radiation at the planet = Boltzman constant * Planet Temperature^4, but rather, Planet-emitted radiation = Boltzman constant * Planet Temperature^4

@TheSwiftFalcon 2 года назад

"Would you move to Venus if it formed in Mars' orbit?" - Maybe, but I would need a little bit more information first. I would also have to discuss it with my wife.

@timwhite5562 2 года назад

Those surface images from the Russian probe; the first time I saw them I just stared at them for about an hour. I fell into this existential loneliness hole. I just thought about standing on and the idea that no one has stood on it before, and won't in my lifetime.

@Chris-hx3om 2 года назад

To see that in 'reality', watch 'The Martian'....

@Sparrow420 3 года назад

3:50 so "runaway greenhouse" only applies when the feedback loop is positive.

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Correct. The term applies to positive feedback loop scenarios (many of which involving water vapor). Just because a planet is warming, that doesn't mean it's a "runaway greenhouse." But, on the flip side of that, warming can still be a problem for life even if it's not a "runaway greenhouse."

@cyruskarloff7219 2 года назад

@@ScienceAsylum Could it be a useful weapon for an alien who wishes to wipe out all life? Probably not as easy as throwing a rock.

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

@@cyruskarloff7219 That was the plot of "The Arrival" (1996).

@abloogywoogywoo 2 года назад

Thermal runaway, essentially.

@chatteyj 2 года назад

@@ScienceAsylum Can you give an example of where warming can be a problem for life?

@marktanska6331 2 года назад

I like the way Wikipedia is placing a climate denier warning under your video. I am also little disappointed that you didn't factor in the rotation speed of Venus.

@jamescollier3 2 года назад

it's like the pope telling Galileo to shut up lol

@jeffbenton6183 2 года назад

@@jamescollier3 Not really. That event is *very* misunderstood these days.

@jamescollier3 2 года назад

@@jeffbenton6183 which event?

@jeffbenton6183 2 года назад

@@jamescollier3 The Galileo trials.

@wtfbros5110 2 года назад

Galileo was imprisoned because he's an asshole

@SG6002 3 года назад

Dude, RU-vid Is broken This guy clearly should have like 30 million subs We should fix RU-vid

@localverse 3 года назад

Fixedtube

@david94549 3 года назад

It's a tube not a plumbing network

@RavenLuni 3 года назад

There's actually some truth to that - but what can we do except tell all our friends about such great content, check manually for new videos and pretty much do all the stuff that we can't trust youtube to do :)

@borisdorofeev5602 3 года назад

Or put RU-vid in a box and beat it with a stick, yelling "yeild", until it submits.

@RavenLuni 3 года назад

@@borisdorofeev5602 But then how do we know if it is alive or dead :p

@TeroHal 2 года назад

Anton Petrov has a video about Venus a while back. He presented a study that said that Venus’ ocean stopped its rotation through tidal effects coming from the sun. As the planet stopped rotating, the side that faced the sun started boiling, leading to a runaway greenhouse effect. This makes sense, IMO.

@overlordbrandon 2 года назад

That's an elegant solution for boiling the sea so quick like that!

@ProximaCentauriC 3 года назад

You should do a part 2! "What if Mars started in Venus's orbit?"

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

I tried to include in this video as a side note, but it wasn't actually very interesting. Chance are it would have just been a little warmer and that's it. Similar thin atmosphere. Similar CO2 levels.

@mrdraw2087 3 года назад

@@ScienceAsylum Wouldn't Mars have lost its atmosphere very soon in Venus's orbit?

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

@@mrdraw2087 It already lost most of it's atmosphere where it is now. It's essentially "airless."

@volkhen0 3 года назад

@@mrdraw2087 yes, it would loose atmosphere much faster and probably all water marks on the surface would never had a chance to form.

@Simpson17866 2 года назад

@@volkhen0 So basically just a larger Mercury.

@SpaceCadet4Jesus 2 года назад

If Mars forms in Venus's orbit, then the show called "My favorite Martian" would instead be "My favorite Venusian".

@PoochieCollins 2 года назад

Thanks for this comment. I'm so glad I read it instead of having 10 more seconds of free time.

@Fromatic 2 года назад

It would still be called "My favourite Martian", but the weather would be much hotter

@digitalnomad9985 2 года назад

@@Fromatic Mars was named after the god of war because it is red, not because of it's orbit.

@grantlandis2747 2 года назад

If Venus was cool enough to support life, "My Favorite Venusian" wouldn't be sci-fi.

@MrJdcirbo 3 года назад

I gotta say: the shout-outs the science content creator community has been doing for each other is a welcome sight. I've been watching and following all of you for A WHILE, and to see this solidarity playing out makes me happy beyond description. Keep being awesome, guys!

@cortster12 2 года назад

It's like the good kind of circle jerk.

@swampertdeck 2 года назад

Earth is not "right in the middle of the habitable zone". It is in the habitable zone, of course, but it's very much in the close-to-the-sun half.

@younscrafter7372 2 года назад

But it's still many times further from the edge than venus or Mars.

@Deciheximal 2 года назад

On charts I've seen, Mars is just barely inside the habitable zone.

@zhiqiangchen6235 2 года назад

Earth is barely in it

@harmvandorp6017 2 года назад

There is no such thing as a 100% mathematical habitable zone. It depends on the age of the sun and the size and atmosphere of the planet. The younger the sun the closer you'll find the habitable zone towards the sun. The bigger the planet, the thicker the atmosphere, the richer the atmosphere in green house gasses and older the sun the further out the habitable zone stretches.

@BisexualPlagueDoctor 2 года назад

@@harmvandorp6017 that’s what the habitable zone means, why are you trying so hard when your just saying the same thing as what the habitable zone is.

@pocarski 3 года назад

It's thought that Mars is small because Jupiter messed with the rock cloud that formed it. It's very possible that if Venus formed in Mars's orbit, we'd just have 2 copies of Mars.

@paulmichaelfreedman8334 3 года назад

I had the same thought, that Mars formed from part of the asteroid belt and that it's unlikely that an Earth size planet could ever form there, because of Jupiter. Although that theory could be wrong, There are theories that state the planets formed in a completely different orbit from where they are now, and that they after a while settled into these stable orbits - evidence of this is provided through observation of exoplanets, as most exoplanets discovered are gas giants with orbits ranging from extremely close, out to Jupiter's orbit. Sensitivity is now high enough to detect earth size planets, but they are quite lacking in observations. I'm willing to bet that when sensitivity is increased further, many mercury-sized planets will emerge. Also, The theory that Earth is the product of a merger of two smaller planets has a lot of logic as Earth's orbit is also in Jupiter's range of influence. It's also very possible (but probably can never be confirmed) that Venus also formed from multiple, smaller (proto)planets.

@abloogywoogywoo 2 года назад

Correct. I think you're the first person here to point out Jupiter's gravity well is IMMENSE and would prevent any Earth-sized world forming near it.

@starmnsixty1209 2 года назад

@@abloogywoogywoo How did the four planet-sized moons of Jupiter form if its gravity was that disruptive?I have never heard any real explanation for their existence, let alone how Jupiter prevented a planet forming in the asteroid belt. How about it?

@starmnsixty1209 2 года назад

Speculation at best, Paul. I' m not expert, but I DO know one has to do dome fancy "teaching", to make these collision theories even come close to being practical explanations. Also the grazing collision theories about the Moon for instance. The more we think we know, the more unanswered questions arise.

@abloogywoogywoo 2 года назад

@@starmnsixty1209 Possible debris from the destruction of the Super Earths as Jupiter migrated inwards towards the Sun, only to be pulled back out by Saturn's orbital resonance influence.

@adnanbaysal 3 года назад

Hey Nick. I've first met your channel in October 6, 2020 and finished all your videos by today. Keep up with this 🙏

@0xABADCAFE 2 года назад

I'm pretty sure the sulfuric acid rain does not reach the surface. At 1 bar, sulfuric acid boils at around 338C. The coldest surface point on Venus is the summit of Maxwell Montes which is about 330C, where the pressure is still about 45 bar. I don't have a phase diagram to hand but I'd be surprised if the boiling point we're elevated to a point where it actually remained liquid long enough to wet the surface.

@peterrobo9067 2 года назад

It's slow rotation would still be a problem, the day is longer than its year, plus its weak magnetic field wouldn't help. If the earth had same day and magnetic field as Venus, I think the earth would look more like Venus.

@SuperPhunThyme9 2 года назад

Having double the solar radiation helps too

@charlesward8196 2 года назад

Earth, with the same day length, gravity, and magnetic field as Venus would be more like Mars given it’s original atmospheric composition. The lower gravity and magnetic field would have allowed for a faster and more profound stripping of oxygen and hydrogen atoms by the solar wind than we have experienced throughout Earth’s history.

@chatteyj 2 года назад

Venus has a weak magnetic field you say? How so?

@saphrys 2 года назад

Cause it does. Low rate of rotation= low magnetic field. That and it spins opposite of the rest of the planets

@gordonpeacman2126 2 года назад

Venus is identical to Earth, smaller population ...4billion, an they reside, in the interior an the surface, same as earth ... only dif population,... an opposite rotation ... 3k yrs ago, a massive, Nuclear War, on Venus, brought their planet to a standstill, 3k yrs ago they warred in heaven ... according to the bible ....

@SnowyOwlPrepper 2 года назад

As an alien to Venus, I would find a nice level in that dense atmosphere and build a floating city.

@jskratnyarlathotep8411 2 года назад

but you would need to go down to the surface for the minerals anyway, otherwise it is no much better than the space station in orbit

@younscrafter7372 2 года назад

Building a floating city would actually be really easy on Venus since the higher pressure makes buoyant forces a lot stronger, to the point where a single helium balloon might be able to lift several kilos.

@nebulisnoobis102 2 года назад

@@younscrafter7372 and now we just have to worry about the city melting

@SnowyOwlPrepper 2 года назад

@@younscrafter7372 There are sources of data on the Venus atmosphere that allows some calculation of an altitude that would have similar pressures as earth and gravity that would be comfortable. One could imagine having nearly normal clothing and some sort of oxygen mask only. Another thing is the trip to Venus is less exposure to radiation. Sorry if I am bursting the idea of the atmosphereless Mars.

@SnowyOwlPrepper 2 года назад

@@jskratnyarlathotep8411 Floating in the atmosphere is not the same as being in an orbit. Thinks of a ship at sea or a submarine with the ability to change its vertical as well as horizontal positions. The atmosphere has the some very good building block atoms for life. C, O, H, S in particular. The solar energy is pretty good compared to orbiting planets beyond earth. The trip from earth is close and less radiation. Any mineral you might need could come from home or nearby rocks.

@dmanagable 3 года назад

I actually think about this a lot, like a weird amount. Thank you for making a video about it!

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

You're very welcome 🤓

@madhououinkyoma 2 года назад

Why? Is it work related?

@pierfrancescopeperoni 3 года назад

This channel is really one of the best on RU-vid, I wish I had discovered it before.

@kadourimdou43 3 года назад

Really wanted to know the answer to this. Thanks.

@nicosmind3 2 года назад

I've been wanting this answer for years so thank you!

@Hurricayne92 3 года назад

I really hope the recent call out by PBS Spacetime helps this channel grow its is absolutely amazing.

@GregoXWK4225 2 года назад

Correction: Not all incoming radiation that is trapped in the atmosphere makes a rise in temperature. Some of it is locked in chemical bonds (photosynthesis).

@WinVisten 2 года назад

On a planet that has plant life, yes, but on a planet WITHOUT life, no.

@boggless2771 2 года назад

@@WinVisten I'm sure it's quite insignificant. The amount of energy absorbed in chemical bonds over the lifetime of the planet I'm sure doesn't come close to the nuclear decay in the mantle and core of the planet. I haven't calculated it, but I just can't see life having that much mass. I believe we use power in the terawatts at a global scale and we could never power ourselves with biodiesel. Photosynthesis is not very efficient. Solar panels are way better at absorbing that energy and changing its form.

@jetpaq 2 года назад

Umm...photosynthesis with what plants?

@ebob0531 2 года назад

@@boggless2771 this is very true. Incase anyone was wondering, according to Wikipedia the typical plant is only .1% efficient

@SolstaLynn 2 года назад

Point of contention: the gas that "surrounds" a planet is actually a part of that planet.

@comet.x 2 года назад

agreed. otherwise gas giants are pretty small and nothing to talk about

@solsystem1342 2 года назад

Well I mean yes in a sense but on terrestrial planets there's a pretty clear distinction between all of the atmosphere and the solid/liquid below.

@confectortyrannis275 2 года назад

The atmosphere is defined as the gasses trapped by the gravity so its mass is also calculated as mass of planet I thought? 🤔

@solsystem1342 2 года назад

@@confectortyrannis275 The atmosphere's weight is added to the mass of solids and liquids to find the total mass. It's just for the earth the mass of the atmosphere is so small compared to the mass of the rest of the earth that it is negligible. Mass of the earth is about 6*10^24 kg where as the mass of the atmosphere alone is around 5*10^18 kg. This means you would need about 1.2 million earth atmospheres to equal the mass of the earth. Wow I thought the atmosphere was smaller then that guess you learn something new every day. For the gas giants it is of course relevant though and the atmosphere's mass must be taken into account. Although really it's just the gaseous part of the planet at that point since when we say the atmosphere of something we generally mean a small coating. For instance it'd be silly to say the sun has an 'atmosphere' of plasma since it is almost entirely plasma.

@PyckledNyk 2 года назад

This has become my favorite science channel on RU-vid. Thank you for all your work Nick. You make my highs so much more mind blowing with your astrophysics videos!

@Tounushi 2 года назад

About Venus' lighting conditions: does it get dark on the surface? If the daytime is perpetually overcast and of uniform lighting thanks to the thick cloud layer, do the clouds also refract enough light to keep the night side surface from going completely dark?

@nimehg5734 3 года назад

Content and presentation level 9000. Awesome as always.

@woofowl2408 2 года назад

Great video! The other problem for life on Venus is its weak magnetic field and probably why it has so little water and Oxygen as well.

@radha94 3 года назад

Thank u sir, for helping me to clear the doubts about black hole.

@sarchlalaith8836 3 года назад

You deserve so many more subscribers

@jeffgold3091 2 года назад

Doesn’t venus’ huge , 900 times more than earth ‘s , atmospheric pressure entirely account for Venus’ high surface temp , regardless of co2 ? It must be possible to determine the effect of pressure on temp , while the effect of co2 on a planet where very little light reaches the surface must be problematic ?

@theimmortal4718 2 года назад

Yes. It's purposefully ignored

@blackoak4978 2 года назад

No, pure atmospheric pressure cannot be used in that manner because different gasses have different interactions with light. The reason CO² is called a greenhouse gas is because it is less transparent to infrared light than most other gasses in the atmosphere, like nitrogen and oxygen. In Earth's history we've run the gamut from snowball Earth to hothouse Earth, with largely the same atmospheric pressure, but widely varried atmospheric composition

@craigbaker6382 2 года назад

The dry adiabatic lapse rate. At the same atmospheric pressure as earth (altitude 70km) the temperature is the same...despite a 90% CO² atmosphere...so what "greenhouse" anything? Venus is not an example of how CO² is of any big significance as regards the temperature. The AMOUNT of atmospheric gas IS important. Understand that NASA scientists are regularly misrepresenting temperature records of earth to conform them to their faulty climate models, all of which are proving highly inaccurate as predictors. Data is regularly 'adjusted' to fit their pre-conceived theories about climate so they can continue to receive funding from misinformed government entities that wish to demonstrate how seriously they are combating the phantom climate crisis.

@jwenting 2 года назад

pretty much. And the sulfuric acid accounts for the rest. CO2 is actually a very weak "greenhouse gas", both on Venus and on earth. If it weren't, Mars with its 90% CO2 atmosphere would be far hotter than Venus or the earth, but it isn't (yes, I know, but using the "logic" of the "CO2 is the mother of all evil, and even a tiny amount will cause the atmosphere to boil" uses).

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

That "rule" about pressure and temperature is oversimplified. Example: Even if an increase in pressure increases the temperature, a maintained pressure doesn't necessarily maintain the temperature. There are more factors at play. I mean, consider the deep ocean. It's under a lot of pressure, a lot more than Venus's atmosphere actually. The deep ocean is freezing cold though.

@generalzod7959 2 года назад

I'm not more than 40 seconds in and I've wondered for a long time what could have happened if Venus and Mars had formed at each other's respective orbits.

@Deciheximal 2 года назад

I imagine a white Venus at Mars orbit. A snowball world where it doesn't have enough warmth so it turns white and reflects much of its radiation, but doesn't lose its atmosphere.

@AlexandarHullRichter 2 года назад

Mars' atmosphere would get washed away by the solar radiation for lack of a magnetic field to protect it. Basically, the same thing that has happened to it already, but much faster and with more heat.

@Soupy_loopy 2 года назад

We measure area with square feet since square feet aren't much good for running. It's hard to find a square footed when you need to measure an area, but once you spot them, it's super easy to catch them. Plus they are glad to help, really makes them feel useful.

@vedant2918 2 года назад

Most underrated channel Deserves 1 million

@werr3222werrr 2 года назад

“It’s 870f all the time” Still not hot enough to fully cook my hot pocket

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

😂

@Nikioko 2 года назад

4:35: Which is logical because light spreads out in all three dimensions. The number of photons stays the same but the the equidistant area (spherical surface) grows with the square of the distance. Because... it's an area.

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

Exactly.

@psyclotronxx3083 3 года назад

I've often wondered this. Thank you fellow detroiter!

@adamcrowe8372 3 года назад

Hey, I saw you and your channel were named checked in the most recent PBS Spacetime video. I discovered both channels about the same time a few years back and thought it was awesome that two of my favorite channels were aware of and respected each other.!

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Yep, I saw Matt's video, but thanks for letting me know just in case 🙂

@JH-en6ql 2 года назад

Love this guy! He is so entertaining! Makes learning science fun! :)

@PoochieCollins 2 года назад

I'd like him much more if he didn't talk like a children's show character. I presume his schtick is making somewhat complex science palatable to kids, but as one in my 30s I'm not going to sub due to it, despite that the material he spoke of is unique and interesting.

@JH-en6ql 2 года назад

@@PoochieCollins He has a great sense of humor, and I believe he is just being himself, which makes his videos, at least to me, entertaining to watch.

@PoochieCollins 2 года назад

@@JH-en6ql : I'm in my 30s and never heard a man talk like that naturally. It's a lot like a man might talk to little kids.

@toddboothbee1361 3 года назад

Had I the funds to move to the alternate Venus, I'd probably move to Wicklow in Ireland or to a chalet in the Alps instead. Maybe I'd just visit my cousins on Venus for a few weeks. Maybe.

@gves2 2 года назад

I remember when your channel was less than 100k. I'm glad you're growing. I really enjoy your videos.

@Mercie22 2 года назад

I love that word, "equilibrium". I've been saying that a lot lately in philosophical constructs. Justitia, goddess of equilibrium, or equating, stuff like that.

@frictyfranq321 3 года назад

Everybody gangsta until Dr. Chris Colose shows up.

@chubbyadler3276 2 года назад

Think we can cover what would happen to Venus if we were able to move it to the orbit of Mars now, and maybe Mars if we put it where Venus is, both in their current conditions? Would anything happen to either?

@SG-js2qn 2 года назад

I really like the question posed by this video. Excellent! 👍

@balajisriram6363 3 года назад

Assuming something completely out of the blue and still getting to enlighten thousands of followers. Only Nick can do this!!!

@stapler942 3 года назад

It's kind of sad that there's no real Earth 2 within reach. Imagine how many sentient beings in the vast universe have faced extinction due to inevitable solar circumstances and whose history is gone forever. We may end up like that one day.

@shaunosmorrison8385 2 года назад

The closest possible one is Proxima Centauri B but that'd still take a while to get to. Scientists still skeptical about the planet though

@josephmckeon8702 2 года назад

What about the fact that a Venus day is longer than it's year? Maybe it got hit early on, like Earth did, by something large that caused it to rotate retrograde, and slowly. What if we spun up it's rotation to say a 22 hour day?

@TiagoH1710 2 года назад

Or to 30?

@johngreen4610 2 года назад

How would we do that???

@wolfgang4043 2 года назад

Great video! The kids loved it! Thank you🙂🙂🙂

@AlexandreMS71 2 года назад

Forming Venus in Mars Orbit is one of the greatest questions of myself ... thank you.

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

Glad I could help 🤓

@shelley-anneharrisberg7409 3 года назад

Oh my word - had an exam question yesterday exactly on this topic (the equation for temperature equilibrium)...Pity I didn't have this video to watch on Wednesday because then I would have nailed it! ;) Great explanation as always! :)

@otakuribo 3 года назад

Even if a Venus in Mars' orbit wasn't human-habitable, I'll bet it would be a heckuva lot easier to terraform than Mars! Actually... I should go run this in Universe Sandbox and see what happens!

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Even if you flung current Venus out into deep space, it would still take a _ridiculously_ long time to cool off. We'd need to have some serious atmosphere-altering technologies before we could make any significant changes.

@LeoStaley 3 года назад

@@ScienceAsylum Isaac Arthur did a great video a few years ago explaining how terraforming venus would work. We're looking at 10k years, and lack of hydrogen means it would never be able to have more than a negligible amount of water, relative to what life needs.

@naotamf1588 3 года назад

@@LeoStaley ...needs to spawn live in an ocean of chemical opportunities. We might thou make it there in simmilar ways we plan to initiate habitation on mars: collecting the little there is in isolated habitable bubbles.

@kefhomepage 3 года назад

I see you got a mention on PBS space time . Nice to see your work getting the attention it deserves .

@erikziak1249 2 года назад

Another great video by Nick.

@stillkickin3919 3 года назад

In many relationships they have. Oh, you're talking about the planets. Sorry...

@bjornmu 3 года назад

That was interesting about Venus in Mars' orbit. But what about Mars in Venus' orbit?

@crsmith6226 3 года назад

Slightly hotter red ball

@DANGJOS 3 года назад

@@crsmith6226 Not slightly hotter, rather a much hotter red ball.

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Actually, @@crsmith6226 is correct. It would only be _slightly_ hotter. It would be about the temperature of Earth's tropics. That's it. It doesn't have the atmosphere to be any hotter.

@normacasini838 Год назад

Terrific video---great presentation!

@constpegasus 3 года назад

Great video as always.

@tryst1384 3 года назад

den books name shd be changed to Women Are from Mars, Men Are from Venus....🌌

@s4098429 3 года назад

I like these planetary videos with a physics slant. Can’t wait to watch the full interview.

@sol_mental 3 года назад

Dude, I just creeppying love your videos, please do more

@johnchilton3975 2 года назад

Love the videos - keep up the good work. A couple of quick points... Earth is not bang in the middle of the habitable zone, Venus would have had a runaway greenhouse effect and the term has changed slightly with time, so it is semantics really, and finally, 'heat' is not a form of energy, it is a process associated with energy transfer.

@rickseiden1 3 года назад

You could do another video on what would have happened if Mars never lost its magnetic field

@d.dementedengineerc99isurf26 2 года назад

If Mars was more massive, perhaps triple the mass it is now, it would still be geologically alive. Pity it isn't...

@mjmulenga3 2 года назад

"... That would have made Venus habitable. If you ask me, that's pretty cool." Me: actually that's warm.

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

😂

@jesmaljalal 3 года назад

This guy is underrrated... He needs more support🔥🔥

@localverse 3 года назад

Share the videos!

@shettyshishir6149 3 года назад

Awesome vid, keep up the good work man!

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

Thanks! 🤓

@ancapftw9113 2 года назад

Based on its position and how much light it gets, if Venus had an Earth-like atmosphere, it would be habitable at the poles. It would just have an average surface temp in the 60c-70c range.

@SuperPhunThyme9 2 года назад

Yup. If you double the power of the sun, that's basically what would happen here.

@johnvaldez8830 2 года назад

It's too bad we don't have a second inhabitable planet in our solar system. I really learned something about greenhouse gasses here today!

@ScienceAsylum 2 года назад

Yeah. There's only one Earth.

@deshaughnmolette9205 2 года назад

We're not the only waterworld in our solar system tho, Titan, Enceladus, Europa, Ganymede, Ceres, Triton, and Pluto all have subsurface oceans but ppl don't know about that tho

@dreglanoth3320 2 года назад

@@deshaughnmolette9205 When the Sun becomes a red giant, those moons will be really comfortable to inhabit.

@danielgarcia1484 2 года назад

This is my new favorite channel.

@karlvuleta 3 года назад

You forgot to mention that the temperature on Venus is "hot enough to melt lead"

@torifmdox 2 года назад

Interesting experiment. What interests me the most is : What was the "initial atmospheric content" of Venus before the runaway process (supposedly) started. Was there ever a vegetation or organic life on Venus? It there was water, the evaporation of water would by itself add significantly to an increase of temperature. Where did all the heat-caused CO2 come from? If it came from water, would that not indicate that there had been fossils there, or would it all come from non-fossile carbon-12? Regarding the runaway greenhouse effect, it resonates with the fear of reaching a GHG runaway situation on Earth. It is wise to remember that geological records show CO2 levels above 8000 ppm in the remote past, and such levels did not cause a runaway effect. What is the CO2_carbon12/Co2_carbon13 based ratio in the atmosphere, and how has that changed over the years? As always, there are more questions than answers 😃

@RandyrheBlackKnight 2 года назад

It's very unlikely any form of life or liquid water ever existed on Venus, as it was so hot that it never even got cool enough to form tectonic plates, resulting in its unique geographic formations on its surface. It's crust is essentially eternally semimelted.

@jorgenitales412 3 года назад

I'm calling it now, ceres would be a moon of venus if those 2 switched places.

@john-or9cf 3 года назад

So a belter would actually be a Martian?

@jorgenitales412 3 года назад

@@john-or9cf it would make sense if ceres was caught in venus orbit. if you notice the orbit of ceres and mars, ceres gets unnaturally close to mars during its perihelion(nearest point). you could clearly see ceres in mars sky with the naked eye. so venus which is roughly earth sized would attract ceres with its gravity and make ceres its moon. ceres would be the triton of venus though, it will have a retrograde orbit. though it will be really hard to see the moon from other places since ceres is too small and also it wouldn't influence the ocean of venus that much...

@MultiPleaser 3 года назад

I dunno. Mars perihelion is 1.666 AU while Ceres aphelion is 2.56 AU: a difference of 0.9 AU. Heck, the Earth and Mars are a lot closer than that (0.38 AU), and the Earth and Venus are a LOT closer than that (0.28 AU). I worry Venus and Earth might come together or swap positions.

@TheBlueArcher 2 года назад

or way more likely ceres would just shoot off into space or go on a collision course into venus instead of getting into a stable orbit.

@arctic215 3 года назад

Amazing video Nick! #RoadTo500K

@heinzerbrew 2 года назад

I never knew there were people that thought it was a "runaway" greenhouse effect. learn something new every day.

@solsystem1342 2 года назад

Well I think the normal description is that Venus 'underwent' a runaway greenhouse effect. Implying it did so in the past. Over relatively short timescales a planet's temperature must reach a stable point (baring changes which will periodically disturb it). The alternative is either unchecked growth in temperature (which would be nonsensical) or perpetual dropping (which would be literally impossible). So no one really believes that Venus today is warming however, in the past it almost certainly went through a positive feedback loop of warming.

@FalloutGenius1 2 года назад

I love how RU-vid makes a point to put a definition of climate change, from the most reputable place ever, Wikipedia…. 1st thought what does earth climate change have to do with Venus. 2nd thought why did they use Wikipedia as a source, 3rd thought was circling back to the 1st

@cult_of_odin 2 года назад

It's RU-vid. They ban people for "misinformation" that becomes the official narrative 3 hours later.

@juzoli 3 года назад

Somewhere in the universe, there is a star system where there are 2 habitable Earth like planet next to each other. Colonization is ridiculously easy compared to the human’s situation. With more incentive, their space tech is way more advanced, as it is a trillion dollar profitable business. And probably 100 years after their first airplane, thousands of people have already moved to that other planet, and millions more are planning to go.

@adrianbundy3249 3 года назад

I'd be more interested in the situation if somehow two different sentient beings evolved in each world independent from each other before the space age of either. Like if we had a early Venus in Martian orbit, and that also happened in the same way. The effects... I wonder how inevitable it would be for some sort of interplanetary war. I think it's possible, but also maybe avoidable. It really does make a lot of interesting questions. I think I would learn more from being able to witness such a system and it's history than simply a system that had two planets that one simply colonized due to it being a habitable world for them to expand into, but didn't have intelligent life interrupting that expansion (which I think, is probably the possibility that happens far more often, but I would imagine in the universe, both probably do happen often enough)

@juzoli 3 года назад

@@adrianbundy3249 Also possible, but very little chance that it would happen at the exact same time. The chances are, one of them would develop it millions of years earlier, and occupy the other one before it could happen there.

@adrianbundy3249 3 года назад

@@juzoli A third possibility exist. Hundreds of millions of years, yeah, it could happen. But with the cushion of just hundreds of thousands of years, we could have one reach space age, and the other just starting their journey into civilization, like the proto-cavemen societies that were just developing tools and fires hundreds of thousands of years ago. And iirc, some of our ancestors before the homo sapiens, even were documented to have tools to some degree like 1+ million years ago? Can't recall the specifics, but I imagine it is true. It is quite possible such a space faring people might come across them in time, and realize they are sapient, but it would probably be like the Europeans finding the Americas, but with a far, far more extensive imbalance of both technology, and probably intelligence itself (not having the full time to properly evolve too much better, but then again, a guess).

@RamKumar-to5ip 3 года назад

nice new animations Nick!

@Andrewy27 3 года назад

Hi Nick, Enjoy your content! Thanks! - Crazy

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

You're very welcome! 🤓

@realvedantnagre 3 года назад

Hey Nick, can you make a video on the physics of electroboom-Walter Lewin controversy. Whether KVL holds true in changing magnetic field. I am confused.

@westinthewest 3 года назад

Can you put a link up so we can see it? That was a year or two ago.

@realvedantnagre 3 года назад

@@westinthewest part one ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-0TTEFF0D8SA.html part 2 ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-Q9LuVBfwvzA.html

@ScienceAsylum 3 года назад

@@realvedantnagre I've actually had a video about this exact topic half-written for about 2 years now. When I heard about the ElectroBOOM/Walter Lewin dispute, I stopped working on the video because I didn't want to get caught up in all the drama. *Short Version:* They're both correct. They're just speaking different languages. Lewin is a physicist and ElectroBOOM is an engineer.

@vascoribeiro69 2 года назад

If there is a strong GHE, why is the temperature at 1atm or 50km high the same as at Earth, corrected for Sun distance?

@bencoad8492 2 года назад

yup about 27C right?

@vascoribeiro69 2 года назад

@@bencoad8492 no, more than that.

@mr.b1130 3 года назад

Fantastic, nice vid.

@michaelkhan3628 3 года назад

Love these videos learn so much keep it up👍

@Ironbuket 2 года назад

You didnt mention the effect of the magnetic field on a planets ability to retain an atmosphere? Dont think it would affect Venus, but just thought it was weird when you even went into tectonics.

@ineffable0ne 2 года назад

I would happily move to Venus even if it had hypothetically formed exactly where it is. Sure the surface is a literal hell-scape, but go up about 50km and you find a pleasant ~1atm at ~30 C. All you'd need is some O2 and a thin acid-proof suit. Imagine the views from up there...

@Dr.Frankensteen 2 года назад

So it would basically be like Florida...

@loganthesaint 2 года назад

@@Dr.Frankensteen more suffocating like NYC or LA in summer.

@jean-claudephilgence8371 2 года назад

If I had one wish, it would be to live long enough to witness terraforming planets

@jaysinha0 2 года назад

Very entertaining and well presented.

@FriedrichHerschel 3 года назад

So, the Nerd clone got glasses and is practicing social distancing via Zoom?

@Testgeraeusch 3 года назад

Also i assume that "geological activities" includes people digging up petrified plants and adding their share excess to the natural equilibrium CO2 level?

@tylerdurden3722 3 года назад

I doubt petrified plants ever existed on Venus.😅 The temperature of a planet's crust influences the amount of volcanic activity on that planet. If the surface of Venus were cooler, then it would likely have more of those "Geological Activities" that were refered to. Which in turn is a very very significant factor when trying to hypothesize a scenario of Venus in the orbit of Mars. E.g., on Earth, there is technically 6 times more water chemically combined with rocks in the earth's crust, than there is in the entire oceans of the earth. Six times more water in rocks...than in the ocean. Geological Activities release large amounts of such water from rocks. It's a significant part of how Earth's oceans formed. If Venus had more eruptions, it would have more water. If Venus were cooler, not only should the be way more water, it could have liquid water. This is significant because new igneous material released by Volcanic eruptions can sequester large amounts of CO2 when liquid water is present...in a series of chemical reactions called Carbonization. Venus doesn't really have plate tectonics. It's crust is too hot, and thus too malleable. Which is why a planet having a hotter crust results in less Geological Activity. Every once in a while the earth turns into a snowball covered in ice (even at the equator), which is inevitably followed by a crap ton of Geological Activity because of a colder crust (saving the earth from this icy fate...which happened more than once) A Venus that has plate tectonics (a.k.a, Geological Activities) would change the game completely. The point is, "Geological Activities" make the hypothetical Venus in Mars' orbit a lot more difficult to hypothesize, hence why the guys in the videos meantioned that fact.

@Testgeraeusch 3 года назад

@@tylerdurden3722 in other words: if it was cooler it didn't have as much CO2... cool.

@timbuktu5505 2 года назад

Great videos and a great channel.

@madhunayak165 3 года назад

Stop spoiling us all with the terrific content!!!

@mjproebstle 3 года назад

wouldn’t some of the excess CO2 in the Venus at Mars orbit have been absorbed into forming limestone per the carbon cycle as it did on earth, perhaps supporting a more balanced and habitable environment?

@craigbaker6382 2 года назад

The carbon cycle would require the life forms to have contributed to this hypothetical limestone. But worth mentioning in the context of the # climate change etc tags stamped on this way over-simplified explanation ( that conveniently does not dispute climate alarmists)

@rmonico1 3 года назад

The perfect after lunch procrastionation video!

@mikal 2 года назад

The comparison that I've never seen done by anybody is: What if Earth formed in Venus' orbit? And what if Venus formed in Earth's orbit? This would be interesting to speculate on, because so many people point to Venus and say "Look what's going to happen to Earth!" without taking into account that Venus is 30 million miles closer to the Sun (among other things - rotation speed, etc.)