For decades, the Planet Nine hypothesis has captured the imagination of astronomers and the general public. This hypothesis suggests the existence of a giant planet, about the diameter of Neptune, that has never been observed and could be in a distant orbit from the Sun beyond Neptune.
The existence of a ninth planet arises to explain certain anomalies observed in the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), particularly in the Kuiper Belt.
However, despite the observations and theoretical models that support its existence, no other planet has yet been detected beyond Neptune's orbit. Not even the most powerful telescopes we have today, such as Hubble and James Webb, or astronomical observatories worldwide, have been able to observe this planet at any time.
This apparent contradiction between the measurements and the lack of evidence for a ninth planet has led many astronomers around the world to ask the most important question.
Could it be that Planet 9 does not exist?
What if all the gravitational anomalies of Kuiper belt objects are due to other previously unknown phenomena?
It turns out that several theories could explain the gravitational anomalies of the Kuiper Belt without the existence of a ninth planet. Do you want to know what they are?
Join us to discover it!
Planet Nine Hypothesis
First, why was the hypothesis that a ninth planet was raised?
The idea that a ninth planet existed beyond Neptune gained prominence in 2016 when astronomers Konstantin Batygin and Michael E. Brown of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) published a paper in the Astronomical Journal suggesting the existence of a planet with a mass about ten times that of Earth and a very eccentric and distant orbit.
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Are we looking for Vulcan 2?
The story of Vulcan is the best example we have of what could be happening to Planet 9. This is a fascinating chapter in nineteenth-century astronomy, reflecting the challenges and errors in the quest to understand the solar system.
Theory 1. Collective Disturbances of Multiple Objects
This theory suggests that anomalies in the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) could be explained by the combined gravitational interactions of many small bodies in the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud rather than a single massive planet, such as the hypothetical Planet Nine.
Theory 2. Influence of the Galaxy and Tidal Forces
This theory proposes that the gravitational influence of the Milky Way can explain anomalies in the orbits of objects (TNOs).
Theory 3. Effects of a Disk of Matter on the Outer Solar System
Another possibility is that a disk of dense, massive material in the outer solar system may influence the orbits of TNOs.
Theory 4. Small Planet or Dwarf Planet Hypothesis
A variation of the Planet Nine theory is that instead of a giant planet, there could be a minor planet or a series of dwarf planets beyond Neptune that could be causing the perturbations.
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00:00 Intro
1:48 Planet Nine hypothesis
4:12 Are we looking for Vulcan II?
7:50 Theory 1: Collective Disturbance of Multiple Objects
9:14 Theory 2: influence of the galaxy and tidal forces
10:28theory 3: Effects of a Disk of Matter on the Outer
11:50 Theory 4: Small Planet or Dwarf Planet Hyphotesis A
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28 июн 2024