Reading your comments, I have seen that there was a subject that ran through your head a lot: glaucoma, a silent disease that causes irreparable damage. Therefore, today I decided to make a video about this eye disease to solve all your doubts.
We will find out what glaucoma is specifically, why it happens, who can develop that disease, and what are the most common symptoms. In addition, we will see if there is any way to prevent this serious problem of the optic nerve.
What is glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a serious eye disease, considered the second cause of blindness in developed countries, after diabetes.
Glaucoma is a lesion of optic nerve fibers usually caused by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). IOP is measured by the speed of production of the aqueous humor (responsible for oxygenating the cornea and the lens) and by the resistance and difficulty in draining it.
As you know, the optic nerve is responsible for transmitting the images to the brain and the increase in intraocular pressure slowly and progressively affects its nerve fibers, causing a sometimes irreversible loss of vision (this will depend on the level of destruction of the optic nerve).
What are the causes of this eye disease
The factors that make a person more likely to develop this disease are:
The aging. According to research, 2% of the population over 40 years and 14% over 60 have glaucoma.
Family background. The risks are doubled by ten.
Diabetes
The tobacco
Have high myopia and hyperopia.
The sun exposure.
Any extensive treatment with corticosteroids.
Ocular trauma.
High blood pressure
Have a thin cornea.
Symptoms of glaucoma and treatment
Being a disease that does not cause pain or irritation, that is, there are no symptoms, the patient is not aware that he has the disease until his illness progresses considerably, which is when he begins to lose vision.
Unfortunately, glaucoma progresses silently damaging our optic nerve irreversibly, causing permanent loss of vision at different levels.
Main types of glaucoma:
Closed angle glaucoma. In this phase you will begin to see blurry and notice sudden changes in your vision. You can have vomiting, nausea and severe pain in the eye.
Open-angle glaucoma. This is the most common and the one that does not present symptoms at the beginning. The vision begins to be lost slowly and progressively, starting first in the peripheral zone until reaching the central zone. Therefore, until the patient does not notice a loss of important vision is not aware of this disease. What implies that the disease has been able to advance a lot and these damages are unfortunately irreparable. For this reason, it is important that the least symptom you detect, go quickly to the doctor to review and start an appropriate treatment as soon as possible, especially if your family has a history of this disease. Remember that early diagnosis of glaucoma prevents a loss of important vision.
Depending on the severity of glaucoma, one or another treatment may be applied, among which are: laser, surgery, medication or injections.
Do not forget that although there are some external factors and some people more prone than others, healthy habits are recommended such as following a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, playing sports or avoiding sun exposure if you do not wear protection.
I'm Jesús Burón, optical optometrist and creator of content specialized in visual health, I upload video every Tuesday at 12:00. Stay tuned and subscribe to not lose detail about the health of your eyes :)
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1 окт 2024
