Once saw an infographic that said, “The average person requires about 2000 calories a day. Women and small men may require less.” I don’t think they mathed the word “average” properly.
Wouldn't the issue actually be how they are defining 'person'? It would seem that here person means man, and a specific size of man. Edit for clarification: I agree with OP that the infographic they referenced is problematic. I was trying to say that I found the infographic's use of "person" to mean "man" was even more disturbing than its use of the word "average". I am sorry I came off as patronizing. Would have appreciated not being assumed male, and not being snarked at. Let this serve as a reminder to myself to aim for greater clarity in my communication, to not jump to conclusions about other folks on the internet, and cut people a little slack when it comes to interpreting the intent of their statements.
@@nimue325 Umm, I apologize if you think I was mansplaining (I'm only guessing that's what the elipsis in front of explaining was for), but I'm actually a 28 year old woman. My intention was not to patronize you in any way; in fact, I agree with the premise of your original post. It just seemed like the use of 'person' to mean 'man' was even more problematic than the use of 'average,' as you pointed out.
@@no3namesalike Thanks for your clarification and engaging in conversation; and your kind tone is appreciated - it is lacking on the internet, including in my own sarcastic reply. My original comment was obtusely phrased for comedic effect but meant to address what you addressed seriously. :) Let's just secede and create a society of women doing non-average women things like "eating" and "sitting in cars" and "taking the proper dose of medication"!
I’m a massage therapist, and this segment made me conscious of my capitulation to reference man when I purchased a poster of all the muscles of the human body to hang on my wall as a ... well, as a reference. I could have bought a female poster, and I chose not to. I have now ordered the female version-I’ll continue to analyze my reasons for the earlier decision while I wait for it to arrive.
This sort of thing actually kills women in multiple ways! Many people, even some doctors, don't know that the traditional symptoms we associate with a heart attack are usually only the symptoms that men get and the symptoms women get are often completely different! Because of this, many women actually don't realize they've had a heart attack until afterwards!
That may change eventually, at least for men. I know three guys who had hear attacks with the classic female symptoms (flu-like), and one woman who got the classic male heart attack. As a well-informed nurse, the latter was rather shocked at how her heart attack presented.
That's right cuz it happened to me when i was 34! Emergency room didn't take me in right away because it never occured to them I might be having a H/Attack ...until I slid off my chair in the waiting room and couldn't feel my arms and hands! THEN they helped! 😠
My mother participated in the first female heart study, in the early 1990s nearly 30 years after major studies were done on men. The reason for the delay, per her doctor, was that women's menstrual cycles skewed the data.
I remember in driver's Ed being a petite young woman stood up next to a very large man, well over 6 feet who was also in the class and both of us being told that safety precautions in cars were not designed for either of us, particularly seat belts. They were designed for a man of 5' 10" and approximately 170lbs, something I was well under and the other participant was well over. This has been a known issue since then, and that was 25 years ago.
try being pregnant and wearing a seat belt. Its is terribly uncomfortable, and I don't think it would help in case of an accident. Maybe pregnant women should not be in cars at all? I could not adjust the seatbelt in any way to make it work.
I spent my career in the healthcare field. PPE is quite a challenge for those of us who are short with small hands. Patients don't realize that it can affect their care.
I am a tall woman with long arms that works in heathcare, and my isolation gowns are so short that 2-3" of my forearms are typically exposed. What can you do?
I'm a size 6 in surgical gloves. If there's no box of small blue nitrile gloves available on the wall, and I have to go to the supply closet to get my own gloves, I use the (much more expensive) size 6 surgical gloves instead. Teach them a lesson!
I’m a doctor. I have a very small face and head. I can’t wear the normal ear loop medical masks, because they don’t fit to my face at all and literally stab me in the eyes when I wear them. And no, doing weird stuff with the loops not only does not help, it leaves huge gaping holes between the mask and sides of my face. Usually there are the tie surgical ones that fit fine, but one day we ran out of them upstairs, so a new box had to be fetched from downstairs. But it was apparently a huge deal. I didn’t want to see patients because it wouldn’t be safe for either of us until I could get a mask that fit. But management called me and kept trying to tell me it wasn’t a problem, and that I should just wear poorly-fitting PPE because other people have no problem wearing it.
you got a thumbs up because this is actually why there weren't space suits available to do what they wanted to do. they just didn't think they needed two smalls at once, so there was one small on the station.
Well, it doesn't help that EVA space suits are super expensive, old and in generally short supply. Space suits from the 70s trying to be used by people of all shapes and sizes are doomed to failure.
Actually, they didn't need a small size. They needed a size M and there was only one on the ISS. What does that mean? All spaceman were large till then? And none of the rocket sciencists were clever enough to check the luggage?
Same problem with facial recognition. They used a mostly homogeneous white male test group so when used by the public it simply didn’t work right, not even detecting darker skin tones females as even having faces. It’s not just a matter of political correctness, It’s acknowledging that some things just won’t work for everyone if we don’t design them to do so.
Well I like this exclusion with facial recognition. Because the police depts who r now trying use it to punish BLM protestors ...the white females n POCs can't be recognized! Yay!
If you get a chance on the show "Better off Ted" the episode "racial sensitivity " deals with the exact issue of skin tone recognition. It really is one of the funniest things I have ever seen. (show was a comedy).
I know this all too well. I'm an ethnically Chinese woman. My head is too wide for hats, too short one way for masks, my skin doesnt react the same way as expected when it comes to surgery, my face is too flat and wide for normal glasses. ordinary life isn't designed for me. I'm just extremely thankful for my black dermatologist who was able to diagnose a skin condition i had nobody else did, and then diagnosed a reaction i had that other doctors didnt diagnose correctly either, bc of my asian heritage. (apparently black and asian skin types tend to produce more collagen) she researches ethnic differences in skin and i am so thankful to have met her. we need more diversity in vital fields of research.
I feel you. I'm female, almost six feet tall, burly frame, and need to lose weight. My inseam is 3 feet long. Clothes and shoes designed for females, does not exist for me. Not to mention, I was married to a Vietnamese and Chinese man needing items like an áo dà for weddings. I couldn't even get custom clothes right. You better believe this affects my healthcare.
it should be expectedfrom doctors that they can deal with diversity,ESPECIALLY doctors....alas in daily life and with friends from different backgrounds i see doctors can be very culture biased and ignorant......(regardless of their undoubted good intentions)
Other good reads on the subject: “Mismeasure of Women” by Carol Tavris (title is a spoof on an earlier work called ‘Mismeasure of Man’ by paleontologist Jay Gould.) Also, “Descent of Woman” by Elaine Morgan (published 1972). is a play on ‘The Descent of Man’ by Charles Darwin, published 1871.
Bernard Gilbert She didn’t say who made the book, it could have been marvel for all I knew. Except now it’s multiple invisible women. They got like thirteen Spider-Man’s...
Here's another example: standard bicycle, motorcycle, and hockey helmets are not correctly useable by (in some cases won't even go on) East Asian folks because they have rounder heads and helmets are designed for (all together now):. REFERENCE MAN!!
Well, at least for motorcycle helmets you have the saving grace that some of the best motorcycle helmets (just like motorcycles) come out of Japan anyway, like Shoei and Arai. But I guess that there's a Japanese reference man as well.
I can still remember back in 1993-4 hearing on NPR a woman describe this very issue, and more, related to gender bias in medicine. It was at a time when during Bill Clinton's first term they were trying to address costs and coverage within the US health system. It sounds like 25 years later, little or no progress has been made. Another point the woman made back in 1993-4 was the amount of free health care provided by women: wives, daughters, sisters. At the time she estimated it at 1 trillion $s and I thought at the time that was high estimate; however, I've changed my perspective after seeing it play out anecdotally with my own aging relatives.
Women have been un and underpaid caregivers for decades. We need Medicare for All because the idea that women are just going to keep working PLUS give 40plus hours of free nursing services a week OR you have to be on the brink of homelessness to be eligible for free in home nursing via Medicare is not going to sit well with millions of people for much longer....or given how Americans consistently vote against things like universal healthcare that could help them...who knows.
I was having a conversation with someone about medical trials being mainly done on men. Even some medications that only women would take. I was trying to describe how I felt this was sexist. They could not see it and wanted to just say. That’s just a medical problem.
Ecospider5 John Oliver mentioned some cancer research in the 80s that was done exclusively on male subjects. Can’t remember whether it was cervical or ovarian but, um.... 😂😂😢
I worked as a RN for years and it never occurred to male scientists that medications affect women differently than men. I guess when God made woman from the rib of Adam drugs were supposed affect us just like they do men.
The thing is, it's not inherently sexist in and of itself. It's important to know how diseases and treatments affect men. Problem is when you say - okay, that's enough, we don't need to know more. We don't need to know the same for women or people who don't fit the projected stereotype. Defending that, accepting that, THAT is when you hit the slippery slope of erasure due to sexism and other levels of discrimination. You have to see the larger picture to recognize the built-in inequality.
@@04beni04 Is important to know how diseases and treatments affect men, sure. But they only do research on people they consider important to heal, thus men, white, are the only ones who get taken into account. It's sexist and racist from the start. Because it should include the widest range of people from the start to be a suitable treatment for a majority of humans. They just take the research done on the people they care about and cash on it from the people who might suffer from the lack of research on their part.
Sorry, this will be a long comment. Years ago, I found online a pair of blue seat belt shoulder pads (I had to google what the things are called, & very ironically in the sellers' pictures, you'll see mostly women, guess that says something) & I bought them because she kept complaining that her clothes kept getting wrinkled & I thought it might help. It did... the seat belt position just didn't account for the female chest area, even if she is tallish like my mum. So she put one for her & one on the passenger side, where I sit when I visit & I never noticed how comfy it was. When she sold her car for a new one, she gave the pads to my aunt who is shorter & kept getting scratched on he neck by her seatbelt but forgot to tell me to get her new ones. On my first visit, I kept adjusting the seatbelt, holding it in my hand, got a skin irritation & half suffocated when she had to brake abruptly because of a fool. Let me tell you that the first thing I did was to go online buy new shoulder pads. Also, I don't drive, not only because it's not needed where I live in Paris, but also because cars are not adapted to my 1m64 smaller size, unless I get a tiny one maybe. Back when I learned to drive, I got tired of carrying cushions to put under & behind me, almost sticking to the dashboard, adjusting mirrors at nauseam, hurting myself when I had to twist on the too wide & tall seat to look behind me to back the car (before the fancy cameras & contact alarms) & feeling that not a single corner of the d*** car allowed for a good visibility for someone like me.
Really? I play guitar too, I'd never considered that. I am a man though, so... Are there any guitar shapes that DO fit women better, in your experience? A buddy of mine is a luthier and designer and I'm genuinely interested in this.
@@danierinash7952 Mine is small enough : it's what we (French) call a ... "Baby" model... I struggled for a while with a "normal" ("reference man's") sized one before buying it. Even trained with an electric guitar (even through I played Folk) for a bit because the neck was way thinner. I do have freakishly small hands, but it still definitely feels infantilising for a grown woman to buy a "baby" size anything.
Oh, this hit me where it hurts. I'm a 5'4" woman, and Reference Man is why I couldn't get a good job as a field biologist: I couldn't pass the Wildland Firefighter's medium pack test (carry 25 pounds for two miles within 30 minutes). So I obtained a Master's Degree and worked 8 years of internships only to be sidelined over and over.
No...you are a 5'4 male but too embarrassed to say it online because you might get poked at for being Mr. Shorty. You claimed to be a female but forgot we can see your name....."Mark".
And if you're a woman who ever knows and asserts their rights, you're called "insistent" and "demanding" for wanting the same things, like timely medical care, simply given to men. #MisogynyInMedicine
@@elizabethpeterson56 It's a real struggle getting remotely timely and competent medical care as a woman, let alone in cowtown non-capitals like Sacramento CA...I have public health insurance (that unlike private insurers will actually pay for things that are medically necessary, what a concept) but providers refuse to take it. This doesn't mean we need less public health care-- it means we actually need more public health care, and to make doctors employees of the government rather than a free agent operators who pick and choose their most profitable patients-- as is currently the case. Please help me expand the hashtag #MisogynyInMedicine so this issue is visible.
I have been told I take up to much space, talks to much and am too pushy. I’m a local politician in a local municipalty, involved in different ways to support LGBTQ+ community and active antirasist. I often give my time to women who are a bit down on the speaker list if I have talked earlier, also to men who find it hard to speak up about their opinion. But no way I’m sitting in the corner wasting time when some of the men makes their little joke they made 10 times before and tell the same facts meeting after meeting. I see other men roll their eyes but don’t do anything but I’m supposed to be better and not take up as much time. As one put it I’m smarter, more focused and come prepared so I can get my things said in 5 minutes so if I take more time I’m being cut off but the men gets more ”I know it’s boring but he just can’t change. He’s always been like that” I’ll happily share my space with others but not give it up to mostly withe men age 40-70
Fun fact. When I was studying design in the late 70's we learned that all office chairs were designed using measurements the Brits did in the lead up to WW2 for fighter pilots who were, no question, men. So this problem has been known for at least 45 years
@@danielwray681 They still do. When I was mustered for the military (when I was 18 Germany still had conscription) I got a sheet with the things I was physically able and unable to do. Fighter pilot I was unable to do specifically because of my height, more specifically because of the length of my thighs. If I had had to eject everything below the kneecap would've stayed on the plane.
@@danielwray681 Hah... I also just remembered that one picture of my grandfather my father has somewhere. My grandfather was an air plane mechanic in WW2 and on that picture he has two fighter pilots sitting on his shoulders, one right, one left. Not the biggest dudes :D
Not one place I have ever lived had a kitchen that did not give me a backache, counters are too tall! Also most furniture is built for someone about 6'-6'2".
I hear your pain and share mine: the reference man is much smaller in Portugal. I'm 1,87m tall and have spent my life suffering from back pain as the standard kitchen counters and ovens are too short, and bumping my head against chimney edges. In fact my head is hurting right now from the last bump. I guess only customized households will solve our problems.
@@papitata It might be a European thing, counters here are built for someone about 5'6'' (165cm) tall, about 5'' too short for me too. I love cooking, but hate the backache.
One of my friends mom is 5’3”. She remodeled her bathroom. The first week people constantly complained the mirror was to low. She just replied “that’s because it is my bathroom, now get the heck out” People really do need to customize things to be comfortable.
@@ecospider5 my Ex husband (197cm/6,5) put the mirror on. I could only see my upper half of the face. The fun part was, it was in the guest bathroom and I have almost the height of the reference guy. It would have been the perfect time, to listen to his wife. 😂
Thank you for highlighting this problem. In theory this should be incredibly easy to fix as we have extensive data on people's sizes and a whole branch of science of ergonomics. Instead of responding to demand though institutions and industry have a mindset of one-size-fits-all and are then choosing the subset that is often grossly under-representative. The one true solution is flexibility of many-sizes-fit-many but without lack of pressure there is no incentive to make the effort
It isn't lack of pressure. It's lack of money. Institutions like hospitals and governments contract out to the lowest bidders. You can't make custom fitting garments or safety equipment cheaply. Plus, you're ultimately the one who pays for it, and people won't accept tax increases.
I agree that custom fitting would be far too expensive for any volume product, however bias remains a problem with set sizing. Implementing sizing at scale should be cost neutral with correct volumes of different sizes. To take an example there are different mask sizes available, ordering incorrect amounts or over-supply of one size leads to shortages and subsequent price increases for the rest. At worst perceived lack of demand will render some sizes and face shapes completely unavailable
@@igttgit There is no way to do more with less or the same amount. Sizing at scale is never going to be cost neutral, different sizes require parallel processes, parallel processes require more infrastructure which requires more cost, different packaging etc. Then at an institutional level requires more administration because you need to know how many of each size. The reason most of the stuff happens in the piece demonstrates gender bias, but isn't currently because of gender bias. It's because it's cheaper/safer for the majority of users.
Yeah turns out capitalism has no inherent incentives to serve those who are deemed "outside the norm" and therefore 'unprofitable' despite women being (checks notes) over half the population :-/ Misogyny cuts deep. Bic for her, anyone?
@@igttgitfor many equipment you can make like at least 2 or 3siezes. or make them size adaptable,that would alreay solve a lot.It`s the awareness about what it cost NOT doing this that will create pressure. standardisation is excellent for certain uses but not all
As an Australian, that sounds like a really short average height. Average Australian male height is just over 5’10 & 1/2”. 179.2 cm. I wonder why our men are on average over an inch and half taller? My dad is 6’ on the dot, and he’s regarded as only just over average height here. My brother is just under 6’2” and he’s regarded as the start of tall. And I know many Northern European countries have averages even taller than ours (especially in Scandinavia, where the average height is 6’ or so). I wonder why American men are so short?
@@katherinemorelle7115 that would be interesting if it were true about Australia, but it's not: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_human_height_by_country Seems like you're all pretty average poppies, not particularly tall ones. (though Northern Europeans do tend to be taller)
Bryan The US man cannot represent all men in the world. Most tests and trials and measurements and any standardisation of any kind are done on American reference men. Crash test dummies seem to be European reference men. Basically speaking, we in the rest of the world are not either of those types, but have to reference those types, hence this leads to faulty logic and faulty results.
hit the sweet spot squarely, i.e.: the conversation-provoking meets tongue-in-cheeky. Having a background in QA, can vouch for the fact that the "typical customer" is miserably narrow as a target, and most product design, effectiveness and safety, suffers as inevitable consquence. kudos for lighting it up!
This is a borderline genius insight into the world around us and Amy Hoggart is the perfect woman to bring it to us! She is so beautiful, funny and smart. I would love to see more of her on Full Frontal! Thanks Sam B!!!
As a person of size who often is given shirts for the job I'm working, I feel this so much. I hate having to hunch over to use the ATMs that are sized for shorties.
Yup true. Just add a bit more fuel to this story. In the 1970s the director J L Godard refused to use Kodak while filming somewhere (can’t quite remember which country) in the continent of Africa because the film itself was racist….Kodak film was keyed to a white woman’s skin tone average, and so shot all “black brown” etc skin tones as the same or not very well. The Apartheid South African police had to later have specially modified film to record their own majority...
Awesome. Would love to see clothes manufacturers design clothes in women’s shapes that Trinny and Susannah discovered and in many colours, can’t wait until you can 3D print your own shoes that fit long, skinny feet and power tools (along with a lot of other stuff) for left handers. I have a smallish head so I hear you on safety glasses. Whenever I pick out new reading glasses, the shop assistant always says you can look in the children’s section. I don’t want hot pink or floral glasses, others might like them but they aren’t for me. Ugh. Rant over!
try ordering online? i have the opposite problem, but i also can't find glasses that fit my face in person. I've found the internet has cheaper glasses and a wider selection, so i can actually get something i kind of like too, instead of just settling for whatever i can find. you'll need to have your measurements taken and your prescription on hand to fill in, but it's saved me hundreds of dollars, not kidding.
Judy W I need to feel the weight of them. If they are not lightweight, they hurt my nose and drive me crazy. Have got some and if I find a great pair, I get another at the same time and just going to re-use them as they are classic and don’t go out of fashion. Unfortunately Australia doesn’t have the range (of anything) that America does and often they don’t sell to Australia.
I've noticed that clothing manufacturers still haven't figured out how to size up sleeves for larger women. Anyone over size 14 is apparently not allowed to raise her arms.
@@maryanneslater9675 Or have anything approaching a waistline. I did clothing alterations for years and a significant part of my business was with clients who were tired of clothing that fit only one measurement correctly and fit nowhere else. However, to be fair to designers and manufacturers, this is a common issue for a variety of sizes, not just 14 and up - because we are all shaped so differently (men and women alike). As a friend of mine who taught sewing used to lecture on day one of her classes - before the invention of the sewing machine and the clothing industry - all clothes were made to order (if you had the money to get them new, anyway).
You should leave Dr.Stanford’s name on the screen for longer as the degrees she has would take a good 10 seconds to read and a lifetime to understand 😀
In the 1950s my mom, way before Amy, put her right arm out to stop us kids from flying thru the windshield on a hard stop. Dad did not do the arm thing - he drove too slow - mom had a lead foot.
Reference man is not only a danger to Caucasian women, but also non Caucasian everyone else. Because the standard person is assumed to be on average the size and shape of the average Caucasian male, many non-Caucasian males are also in danger, as we are on average smaller, and/or slimmer than a Caucasian.
@@CompoundingTime maybe it'd just be better to say reference man screws over anyone who doesn't fit reference man's specs. And now you know why jeans never fit you right
I'm a 5' 6", skinny, white guy with a girl's arse, so before lockdown I split 3 pairs of jeans in less than 3 months. I also tend to get swamped in standardised PPE on the rare occasions where I have had to wear it, so I have had to wear women's PPE on occasion, which comes with it's own issues. I have also often had issues with safety goggles due to the fact that I wear glasses.
I'm so glad they brought up car crash test dummies and how much more unsafe cars are for women because cars aren't made with us in mind... we really need to be talking about that more.
@mark bushnell Uh, we SHOULD have more public transportation, so not the clever dig you think that is. Both to prevent nondrivers from being 2nd class citizens AND to help stem climate change. Really, people pay fares and taxes, so not getting the hatred toward public transportation that people think it's so cool to dump on deliberately underfunded public transportation on social media, but thanks for publicly taking the position that people who can't drive for any number of reasons SHOULD just be 2nd class citizens! You must have lots of friends and be a real hit at parties. OR maybe we could tax Amazon, defund the Pentagon, or any number of ideas and actually STOP deliberately underfunding public transportation, and see how it improves-- how about we ever try that? And to the original point...uh we could make cars that are better designed for a range of people without "abolishing" them. Baby, bathwater much?
As a barely 5 ft. adult woman riding or driving is a problem. Seatbelt straps often go over my face or across my throat. Many drivers seats don’t go up far enough to reach the pedals. My line of vision is often bad. Then I always have the airbag I am right on top of to worry about.
In UK we based the n95 stockpile on a survey of faces of NHS workers. This particularly counted the large number of South Asian staff in NHS. We actually found that to be a problem in Northern Ireland as we have a larger proportion of Filipino staff with a different fit size. Reference man doesn't work in a majority female sector., and one, thank god with a large number of staff from around the world.
So because of reference man I am more likely to be injured or die in my own vehicle? Thanks dude! Very enlightening piece. Could the show link to more information? Studies?
Im 6'0" 172lbs male white biochemist with sideburns... The ppe hardly fits me. I think refman is a really bad reference.... We are also told never to touch a strangers brests, Ever...
I'm 6'0" 179 lbs and the 3M ClimaCool N95 mask I got from my corner hardware store fits me perfectly. I'd love to have more of them right now because they're gone. Safety glasses fit me well too as well as have safety goggles I've worn in the past. Look up BMW i3 recall. I'm sure BMW had problems with their other cars not fitting women but they didn't fix the others.
This was mind blowing. It is just another example of something I really hadn’t considered. It was really shocking and reveals how much I don’t know and maybe didn’t want to think about. This is important to be made aware of and start a dialogue about how can make a impact and create lasting change.
SO TRUE! Thanks for presenting this...I have long agreed that the human form shows up FAR too often as a male. Face it, it is far easier to sketch the male form to make human apparel than it would be to sketch, say, a female police uniform, or a female doctor's scrubs...because a hundred plus years ago, women were not allowed to work in anything but housework and raising the family. Enter...the 1970s and 1980s! Women wanted to work!...and as we became a large part of the workforce, we still wore uniforms that did not fit, or modified them ourselves. When will we have equal balance?!
I am an MD (but not a native speaker). I had a young female patient who had had the typical signs of a heart attack but was not taken seriously by the ambulance personnel. They told her it had to be a panic attack and refused to even take an ECG. She survived but ended up with a massive damage to the heart that caused a severe, permanent heart failure so that she lost nearly all quality of life and is now on the waiting list for a heart transplant.
Yes. I was in the Army and my body armor was terrible. The plates didn't fit around my chest and my gear didn't fit on it. The vests are designed to have your magazines, canteens, IFAC, and grenade pouches attached to the front but mine didn't fit. There wasn't enough space or attaching piecing. The uniforms were all mens sizes as were the boots. Trying to find a 3.5 in mens is a nightmare. There have been some updates to the uniforms and gear, but those are newer, less than 3 years old. And it shouldn't have taken so long to get gear for women in the service. And it still isn't all caught up. The maternity uniforms look like a blind man designed them. It's ridiculous
Thank you for the video, I've read about it, heard on podcasts but the visuals definitely help. This needs to change not just in terms of physical characteristics but often medicine dosage and clinical trials have limited group, often mostly "reference men" too.
2:25 lol i have the OPPOSITE problem with indoor temps. My comfort ambient temp is somewhere between 55F and 60F, and even the coldest of offices aren't anywhere close.
While I do not detract from the seriousness of the materials represented here I also see this video as a very good teaching tool for those among us who do not see privilege, systemic bias (racism, male chauvinism), and the need for diversity in voices at any given table to create the best solutions. The good news of Amy Hoggart surviving the chocolate incident. That bright spot will get me through today. Thanks for a great lesson.
As far as I can remember, that space walk was indeed reserved for two female astronauts. In contrast to spacesuits used for the moon landings the ones on the ISS are not personalized. The station has a selection of small, medium and large suits onboard. There were indeed two medium suits that would fit the two female astronauts. Unfortunately one of them was damaged at that time and needed repair. If that space walk would have been reserved for two male astronauts both needing medium size suits the outcome would have been the same.
I've been saying this for decades; it's why most women's feet don't touch the floor in standard chairs in waiting rooms, trains, buses, etc. Also why seat belts dig into my neck.
i guess since industrialisation and standardisation this became a problem?Before tools,equipment,clothes, and measuring units were local/things werecustom made/made to fit more uniquely
I'm usually hyper-sensitive when it comes to gender based arguments because for the most part they're discussed in indefinite pronouns when it's seldom appropriate. But this segment makes points that I'm afraid are overlooked too often for various reasons. None of them really arguable or good reasons.
I design machines and equipment for a living, and I use ergonomics design guidelines that usually only show the "50th percentile man." But most of the guideline's recommendations are a design range from 5th percentile woman to 95th percentile man. So maybe there is some progress.
Remember- google it- Home Depot CEOs-2 young guys- say they pay female staff less than men "because we can...they r grateful they have a job...it is cheaper to higher women in low wage jobs...no exec of Home Depot is a woman because a woman can only work part time and still be womanly" several lawsuits of discrimination in California but 42 states do NOT allow such lawsuits...
My mum was always jumping around trying different sofas because how silly, she wanted one where her feet touched the floor. Her back touching the backrest without huge pillows is a bonus.
Interesting... I was a first-response volunteer and trainer in Europe in my student days (1990's), and our training dummies were always female (codename: Resusci Anne). It was on purpose, because whether the victim required CPR or not, unfastening and loosening any tight clothing (including underwear) came up in many branches of the decision tree, and you don't want people to pause or hesitate because of a social taboo in the act of saving a life... apparently they didn't get the memo in the US?
