Sources: Human Coroanvirus types www.cdc.gov/co... History of coronaviruses www.snopes.com... Article describing SARS-Cov-2 size and more www.nejm.org/d... Optical resolution limits: www.microscopy...
I've always found it fascinating that certain organic molecules like viruses are so small that they can't be resolved by light that humans can see. And of course higher energy, smaller wavelength light will straight up destroy them so we can't use UV or X-ray to image them and we have to use electrons instead.
@@helentee9863 I believe most high energy EM is harmful to living cells. Which is also why it's usually not recommended to get an x ray unless you absolutely need it, and x rays administration is limited because it is thought to cause cell damage that can lead to mutations and cancer.
@@falkonuninga6993 Putting a UV light on a doorway doesn't even make any sense. The sunlight that you just walked out of already has way more UV radiation than the doorway light that you'll be passing for 1 second.
As a microbiologist (in training I'm still in my masters program) thank you for breaking it down and explaining it to the people on RU-vid. Sometimes they just don't understand that there's major size differences between bacteria, Protozoa, fungi, and viruses. And how expensive electron microscopes are. I'm currently doing cryo-EM and I've never seen such an expensive piece of equipment in my life.
I made a video that shows microbial size differences to show exactly what you are talking about. Of course, I wasn’t able to show a virus. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-nfdwt_6b4Qs.html
Thank you for putting this video up and explaining why you can't examine sarscov2 under your light microscope. Many of us may not have been aware that viruses are just too small to be viewed under a standard, available in any high school lab microscope. I appreciate you taking the time to explain how cost prohibitive the correct tool (an electron microscope) is. Please stay safe and keep making awesome vids and music.
Good point! The size of the holes in a surgical mask is about 30 microns and the teeny-tiny virus is only about 1 micron in size, which is like using a chain-link fence to keep out mosquitos, eh? There are plenty of peer-confirmed analyses from microscopists who have viewed and taken images/video of what's in the jab juice using TEM, SEM. and high magnification. Spoiler alert: You're not going to like it.
Did you know covid measures 0.2 microns and that the N95 mask are effective for up to 0.3 microns in 95% of the case ? The masks are a joke, just like the vaccine. A cash grab.
Yes so basically it uses electrons in a beam like light and uses electromagnets as lenses to focus the beam on samples so that you are able to magnify much greater than light, at the cost of colour, which is a product of light
You should connect with Ben over at the "Applied Science" RU-vid channel. He has successfully created (from scratch more or less) his own Scanning Electron Microscope, and I am fairly certain he would be interested in a collaboration involving the bio-sciences as he is predominately a physicist (imho).
Absolutely. These manufactured microscopes are so expensive not because they cost alot to produce its because labs only need one or two for like 10 years so to make a return the companies charge out the ass, not to mention most labs that require scanning electron microscopes are governmentally funded
@@kaydnburns5935 that last part smacks the price up 10x, whenever the gov is involved money gets wasted faster than if we gathered it all up into a pile and burned it.
You could sell your house, car and everything else you own and get a good used Electron Microscope, but then you couldn't afford the electricity to run it. 😲
@@corvo.youroneandonly Damn, you're so right. There's totally people who exist who would rather live on the street with their electron microscope than live in a house or have a car
@@scarose You're telling me, you did not sell you're house and possessions for a microscope for 200 thousand. You clearly need to. Also america has the supidest people in the world. Americans decide that jpegs are worth a lot and some people started buying them.
This will sound weird but, I want to see what you can find in human feces. Maybe do that? I suppose it would change depending on person and foods and such? Would it change drastically?
Hahahaha!! Most of poop is you!! Dead cells, blood and such.... And food.... Study with a dietician.... Or cancer doctors... Poop colors range all colors under the rainbow.... Brown floating is the goal
You'd have to be pretty clumsy to catch anything from a vial. That's not to say anyone can do it, but if you have any experience with bacteria and viruses in a solution it shouldn't be much of a problem.
If there are so many people who don't know that you can't see viruses under a light microscope, we should rework high school education. As someone who studies Public Health (which, in order to work, has to use health communication and public outreach) and spends time doing science communication and education, this is very disappointing and frustrating. It makes our job harder in Public Health and it makes enforcing public health interventions harder than it should be. Keep up the good work educating people, though.
people did not know he didn't had access to an electron microscope, thats why they requested him. How can you assume people wanted him to use light microscope?
@@mersenne2486 Calm down, all I did was make an assumption based on my observations. Maybe that assumption is wrong, but that's no reason to be condescending. I have to admit that you aren't completely wrong when it comes to me touching grass. I've spent the better part of these past few years studying Science and more of my time goes to studying and communicating Science than touching grass, for better or worse.
Woaaa, voice reveal? Thanks so much for your content. No surprise that you can't show us a dangerous biohazard that needs an electron microscope. Thanks for your content, it (and the music) is amazing.
It’s funny how people don’t understand the scale of viruses. I saw your title and thumbnail and instantly knew “because that’s not an electron microscope.” I think one of the most helpful things to learn is that bacteria get sick with viruses-that’s just how small viruses are.
@@goconnor5460 no one has what? Imaged SARS-CoV-2 on an electron microscope? Because a quick google search returns several academic journal articles on exactly that.
@@mordiez- Fortunately the tiny virus particles aren't floating around in the air by themselves but dissolved in droplets. So yes a cloth mask will help with the biggest droplets (like when someone sneezes) but unfortunately isn't always that helpful with the smaller aerosols. But even aerosols are much much bigger than the virus itself (60-140 nm vs 300-5000 nm).
@@nightavocado8412 in TEM terms, you can "see" atoms based on the way electron beams scatter and attenuate by colliding with them or passing nearby. You need extremely thin samples for that to work, as they have to be effectively transparent to a high energy electron beam. Combined with the wave-particle duality of high energy electrons, you can even generate a diffraction pattern, which will display in exquisite beauty the very crystalline orientation of individual atoms.
I googled the wavelength of x-rays and they’re smaller than the size of a coronavirus. Could x-rays be used to image coronaviruses? What if a detector was built that can quickly reveal x-ray images of saliva to find the virus?
While x-rays are a short enough wavelength, they also have a habit of passing right through physical objects. As you can probably see, a coronavirus is already very transparent to begin with in visible light, so if you looked at it in x-rays you almost certainly wouldn't be able to see anything.
The xray microscope has been around for a long time there's two types there's soft and hard xray types and the soft x-rays should be able to see the corona virus it's not quite as resolute as electron microscopes the xray microscope was invented in 1951
@@pubcollize The optics wouldn't be the hard part, you can make a lens of the proper magnification without much difficulty (If anything other than just, aligning multiple magnification lens one after another). The main problem is that the X-Rays will simply pass through the glass lol.
People often don't understand orders of magnitude when it comes to microscopic objects. Bacteria and viruses are both "tiny" but bacteria can be seen with a good microscope. Viruses are so small that they can infect viruses.
Even if you did had access to an electron microscope, the safe handling of the virus would be another beast in itself, so glad you didn’t attempted such adventure just for the views. Great informative videos 👍🏻
You made your music??? Big man, you have some of the best background music on your videos. I’m checking the desc box for the link and I can never find it. Do you have a website/Spotify or something?? Edit: oh Lord never mind, I found it on another video! Thank you!
Thank you for your videos. Very intriguing. I have a request, can you make another UV light effectiveness video? I'd like to see how well they work. Keep up the good work! :)
You guys are normally doing water bound micro organisms. Why not some critters on insects. Like the mites on Madagascar Hissers or parasites on arthropods?
My Hitachi TM4000+ Is a good budget option for an SEM. I recommend it, easy to use and very easy to repair and dismantle. I think it cost me around $40K with the turbo molecular pump as well.
Hey, I just recently found this channel but now the videos are popping up in my feed all the time. Really love the videos, and love the music which fits so well with all of them. Really cool stuff. Thanks for making such unique content.
So on that electron picture of a virus, can you tell me which variant it is? Actually, can you differentiate between a coronavirus, Influenza and the common cold? Or is the one picture you have all the proof you need?
You could always build your own electron microscope -- Applied Science did it. As a matter of fact, he lives not too too far from you. I bet you he'd let you use his commercial electron microscope to get SARS-CoV-2 images if you asked :)
Back in 1981 I saw an unwanted electron microscope sitting on its back on a pallet in a WA state owned warehouse while scrounging for other usable equipment for the Highline CC diving program. Too bad it's not available for you today. 😞
N95 masks are rated to block 95% of small particles. However, some small virus particles can get through. So they offer increased protection but don't block everything. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16490606/
According to studies respiratory viruses don't fly by themselves alone but in much larger coagulates, like aerosol. Cant now find the article, read it a month ago. Also they don't get grabbed mechanically, but by electrostatics. So that's why masks get useless when wet.
@@sci-inspi no one has isolated any virus, ever. The slides you show show intracellular blotches. There's a $100,000 prize outstanding for decades for the first person to do so. The Chinese stated that they never isolated the virus. Pfizer vaccine statements stated that they never isolated the virus. DNA of the virus was fabricated within computer simulation software. PCR tests, when you research them, are meaningless, and can detect anything and everything "imaginable" given enough cycles.
@@sci-inspi All studies pre 2020 on mask use, and there's at least 20 of them, show masks are INEFFECTIVE at preventing viruses contamination. There may be a few recent studies since WHO stated there's a pandemic that give counter evidence, but I'd be sceptical of those given a bias due to funding incentives. Masks don't work, full stop!
You Can't see the Virion, because it is smaller than the wave length of visible light. It's so tiny, that visible light doesn't bounce off of it. That's how an Optical Microscope works. you aim Light at the object, or you Illuminate the object from below. the Wavelengths of light hit the object and you see the reflected light or the outlines of the blocked light. but the virion is so small, visiable light doesn't reflect off of it, and it doesn't block any of the visable light to show an outline. You can NOT see the Viron with an Optical Microscope, no matter how powerful the magnification is.
I mean, technically you could just shine UV light of sufficiently small wavelength instead of the normal light in the microscope and then use a UV camera to observe the viruses right? Since UV has a lower wavelength than visible light, you should be able to see much smaller things? lol sure it would kill the virus but still you could observe it. Although a material's (the lens in the microscope for example) refractive index does kind of depend on the wavelength of light so you'd either need to replace the lens in the microscope with a UV lens or get a microscope that's designed to be used with UV light
you wouldn't be able to see the UV that, like you said, has a lower wavelength than visible light. I don't think Sars-CoV-2 (of any other virus) has some sort of reflectiveness to UV, but if it did have we would need an extremely gigantic amount of the virus in one place to get some sort of visible reflection
@@brianhogg9857 It does not, but you see, whether light interacts with an object or not depends on the wavelength of the light relative to the object, if the wavelength of light is larger than the object you wanna see, then you're not gonna see it because it's just too small, but if you make the wavelength of light small enough then you can see it
You guys are right, I apologize. I realize that not everyone receives the same education, and people shouldn’t be ashamed for not knowing things, especially when it’s information they don’t need to know. I applaud this channel for the great work it’s doing.
Is there a reasonably priced microscope one can buy, maybe even used, that could give at least “prosumer” results. I wouldn’t want to spend a fortune, but don’t want a piece of junk either. Thanks
You best bet is to buy used. You can save a lot of money that way and get something better than if you bought new. Other than that, stick to your budget. If you want to upgrade later, you can always spend more to upgrade.
i remember finding a description of how to build a very low-quality electron microscope and even that requires at least 1k in material costs and a lot of expertise, free space, work hours, and maintainance.
If you don't already know about them, have a chat to applied science, who has made a scanning electron microscope that can be seen with an oscilloscope, the cost to make it was well under the rrp of a regular scanning microscope
To put the virus into a size comparison.. If Sars cov 2 virus was the size of a basketball, then that would mean a red blood cell would be the size of an 11 story building. That's how small this virus is
The blood would be the same, the only difference is that with a vaccinated person timeframe wise, lymphocytes would come destroy the virus sooner and faster than the unvaccinated person. Because the vaccinated person has loads of memory lymphocytes there for the specific purpose of destroying that pathogen ASAP, and since it already knows what the pathogen is, they can destroy the pathogen faster.
@@thekiiing2073 Are you speculating or have you tested this yourself? I know many think there is a permanent "change" after the shot and I'd like to see if there's evidence of that in the blood. 🤷♀️
@@backyardrebel2149 I haven’t tested it but I watched my teach do it in a chemistry class and there was no difference. And there’s a RU-vidr called ThomasTK (I think) who did this exact experiment you’re talking about with control variables and stains and all, and there was no difference.
@@thekiiing2073 Cool! I'll check it out. 😁 Out of curiosity, whose blood did your teacher use for the experiment? Did students volunteer or did he get it from a blood bank? I can't help but think working with blood in a (college?) class would be a bio-hazard? 🤔
Electron microscope are not "real" microscopes. The whole point is to magnify optically what is smaller, that is without the need to interpret data to form an image. Big difference.
Hey, I remember this lesson from high school! :) You did a great job of breaking it down and explaining it to people who forgot or never got a chance to learn this before, thank you for that. I was wondering if there's any chance you could find a lab (maybe a university?) that you could partner with for a video, maybe a bit of a tour/interview, and get some neat images to share here? Obviously it's way easier said than done, and I have no clue how feasible it would be, but it'd make for an awesome video if there was any out there that would do this!
I want to become a microbiologist in the future I want to use SEM and TEM so bad but after google it, I found that I have to learn how to use and It sound complicated, well I hope one day I can use SEM for once
