In all the geopolitical discussion of Taiwan and who it 'belongs' to, no one ever stops to think about the indigenous inhabitants who were crushed by all of these competing powers and colonizers. :-(
The Southern Song dynasty's administration of Penghu, Taiwan is entirely ignored (which is a basis why China says Koxinga "reclaimed" Taiwan). Koxinga was not a kingdom but a feudal power. The entire Penghu history is essentoally ignored in the video.
Great video. Great attention to all the historical place names spelled in POJ. Prior to the Dutch occupation of Taiwan, they occupied Penghu from 1622 to 1624. Also, around the time of the Kingdom of Middag, there were also several Paiwan tribal federations which existed into the Japanese era.
Ah taiwan. I have visited 13 years ago. My favorite Chinese Province. So many people was in Taipei! Very nice beaches, very unfriendly forest full of Native.
Taiwaneses Independence green terrorism group head Tsai Ing-wen ! don't copy/invade the national flag and Constitution and all properties, including Taiwan region of the territories and sovereignties of Republic of China
Correcting some inaccuracies: The coast of Tainan was not the shape it was today until the modern period. It's largely reclaimed land. The "Hoanya" (actually the Arikun) did not have a holdout for such a long time lasting until the colonial period. In fact, they largely vacated their original lands to settle in Puli. The Makatao weren't in Hengchun during the Dutch period. They only arrived in the middle Qing period. The Seediq (Truku) didn't migrate eastward until the 16th century. This is according to their own traditions. Other than that, this was a stark improvement from your original map.
Also, by 1938 the Japanese occupied Coastal Fujian through their Amoy Operation. They controlled Xiamem (Amoy) until the end of the war. During that period, many Taiwanese professionals were brought to Amoy to help with the Japanese administration.
It's impressive that you put POJ. I love it! However, I want to point out that spellings for some given names are not correct. For examples, 鄭 should be Tēnn instead of Tīng, 馬 should be Má instead of Bé.
@theshangobambo Hokkien language is a language, instead of a dialect of mandarin. There is a simple way to distinguish dialect between language. That is, people who using different language, cannot understand each other. However, people using different dialect, can almost understand each other. Who speaking mandarin but never know hokkien, cannot understand the latter. Therefore, getting wrong of the pronunciation of taiwanese hokkien is a serious deal, so this youtuber has corrected it. By the way, you should stop dreaming about “One China”, and depreciating taiwanese hokkien. That only make you like a stranger come from parallel universe.
@theshangobambo He has used POJ, which is one of a writing system of the Taiwanese Hokkien language, and what I told him is that he chose the literary reading (文讀) of the pronunciation of Hanji (漢字), which is not proper because we Taiwanese usually pronounce the surname with colloquial reading (白讀). 我只是表示他用白話字寫台語我很驚艷，如此而已。他原本就是寫台語，而不是華語/普通話的拼音，我指出的是姓氏發音最好用白讀音而非文讀音，否則不符台灣人讀台語這個「語言」的習慣。 不過就馬英九的「馬」而言，台灣人習慣念文讀而非白讀。
@theshangobambo Nah, there is NO dialect of Hokkien that pronounces surname 鄭 as Tēng and 馬 as Bé. Also, the spelling of the name of a real person is always a big deal.
Very detailed map!! Great job!!😆😆🎉🎉 But in fact, the sphere of influence of the indigenous tribes during the Dutch, Qing and the Japanese period do not coincide with the ethnolinguistic distribution of indigenous tribes today(which is seen throughout the entire video), as the tribes undergone migration (forced and voluntary) during different regimes depicted. For example: Bunun tribes migrated south, acquiring the traditional lands of Tsou and Rukai during the late 17th century ; Sasiyat tribes retreated inland, abandoning the rolling hills of Beipu（北埔）, Baoshan（寶山）,E'mei(峨眉) when Han armed cultivation group 金廣福 came in ; traditional lands of Tsou tribes diminished drastically because of war and disease which cause the hoya of Imucu to vanish as well as hoya of Luhtu to be incorporated into other communities ....etc. There are much more research to do to be able to show a more realistic historic map of Taiwan, as I assume the main theme of the map is to demonstrate the changes of various borders of regimes and tribal sphere of influence. But after all, as a Taiwanese, I appreciate your great effort on this!! 😆😆❣️❣️
I love how you change the music from the national anthem to the flag anthem following the end of the white terror. Not many people know that but the flag anthem is generally more popular in Taiwan not only because it is more energetic, but also the proper national anthem represents the kmt party and chinese unification ideas. Many youths are not supporting that idea anymore due to years of seperation of china and taiwan. A unique identity has formed
Around 1832, some of the Babuza, Taokas, Papora, Pazeh, Arikun, Lloa, and other indigenous groups originally living in the western plains migrated to Puli (located in the geographical center of Taiwan), became Thao's neighbors.
6:22 the surname 陳 is "Tân" in hokkien, not "Tîn". this surname is the most widespread hokkien surname in multiple countries with hokkien migrant descendants, it's a bit jarring to mistake it but anyways, these politicians in taiwan seem to be known more with the mandarin reading of their name instead of the hokkien reading. i see the error occurred when relying on wiktionary for this since the first entry for 陳 there shows the "Tîn" reading for the first definition, instead of the second definition that the surname uses
The eastern coast of Taiwan Island is not the Philippine Sea but the Pacific Ocean. The Philippine Sea is located in the east of the Philippines and does not reach Taiwan Island.
The northern boundary of the Philippine Sea is the southwestern coast of Japan, so yes, it does reach Taiwan. Also, the Philippine Sea is part of the Pacific Ocean.
I didn't even know Middang was a native state. I always do wonder if these sort of confederacies were like the start of state formation or if they are more a situational adaptation.
It surprises me just how similar the history is to the US, where many cities we know today were first built by colonial rulers. China wasn't even the first to colonize Formosa/Taiwan
@@edwardsnowden8821 Let me explain some of the reasons they don't; Transnistria was claimed by Russians that were moved there during Stalin's Rule and he did that just to destabilize any independent nations that broke away from the Russian Soviet Republic. Northern Cyprus because it doesn't want to make it's ally Greece angry, SO and Abk. because they are Russian Puppet Governments. Palestine because the US is great allies with Israel. Taiwan because we get most of our imports from China because it's cheaper to build them there. Somaliland because we have no interest in Africa even though we should. Western Sahara is actually a pretty easy one; Morocco (which says Western Sahara doesn't exist and claims almost all of their land) was one of the first nations to recognize US independence and is a long standing Non-NATO ally.
Long live Taiwan, the homeland of our Austronesian race. Greetings from the Philippines. Long live Austronesians. We are strong, from Madagascar in the Indian Ocean to Hawaii in the Pacific.
All Austronesian ethnic groups traces their ancestry from Ancient Southern China to Taiwan Austronesian genetic marker yDNA O1a Filipino yDNA O1a mtDNA M， Andaman Islands/South Asia
1) Formosa is the Portuguese word for beautiful Island; 2) Middag is the Dutch word for "noon" or "middle of the day". Hence, the history presented here probably is NOT 100% accurate. But who cares, right? As the colonial powers like to say......
What an amazing video accurately demonstrated the mainstream perspective view of Taiwanese history! It’s crucial to explain the ethnic tension between Taiwanese-speaking people and Chinese-speaking people, and the two major parties’ division. In Qing empire era, their control of Taiwan is poor and rather than Confucians community local worship plays a greater role in those days. That’s why we enjoys commercial relationship with western people in 19th centuries.
North Taiwan has a Spanish past with San Salvador fort and territory was Philippines jurisdiction and New Spain viceroyalty. Today Taiwan isn't independent country for chinese question (ROC in island vs PRC in continent).
Something I noticed he forgot was when the Ming dynasty was kicked out of Mainland China by the Qing they went to Taiwan and got rid of the colonial powers there. Taiwan is not the last holdout of the ROC and was before the last holdout of the Ming Dynasty.
Conclusion is before european coloniser came /landed in asia, australia ,america ,all native had living harmony ,had been unified eachother , borderless .. Everything had changed after white european voloniser came to asia, they are roots of worldproblem today,..all native were left in chaotic by european colonialism system.. every native of asia were divided by european colonialism ,apartheid formed . They arbritary draw every nations border line..abritary make treaty by pressure ..
To further asert their independance from China and strengthen national identity I think its high time the Taiwanese make hokien the main official language of their republic.
Los españoles hubieran formado su colonia en el sur de taiwan que estaba mas cerca en su camino hacia filipinas pero los holandeses se les adelantaron por lo que se vieron obligados a estar en el norte.
Taiwanese indigenous peoples(高山族群） Ydna O1a Southeast Asian： 1，Ydna C1b+D1a+M-The first settlers 2，Ydna O1a+O1b+O2-The second group of settlers/Mongoloid Austronesian/Austroasiatic/Sino-Tibetan Haplogroups C and D represents an extremely ancient lineage of modern humans in East Asia-The first settlers C1a+D1a2 Ainu people and Japanese（Jomon people） C1b+D1a1 Polynesia Melanesia Australian Aborigines Proto-Mongolian and Tungusic may have originally been C2b, inhabiting modern Mongolia and northeast China C1b1a1 South Asian C1b1a2 Vietnam/Hoabinhian C1b2a Indonesia, Melanesia (especially New Guinea), Micronesia, and some islands of Polynesia C1b2a1a Polynesian C1b3 New Guinea Highlands. Australian Aborigines 60.2%C1 Polynesia 53.5%C* (M130） Melanesia 57%M Cenderawasih 36.4%M When compared with present-day populations, the sampled ancient Hoabinhian individuals are genetically closest to the Semang (also known as "Malaysian Negritos") and the Maniq in the interior of the Malay Peninsula, and to the Andamanese Onge and Jarawa. Hoabinhians had haplogroups C1b and D* Genetic studies have revealed that the Andamanese people are relatively closely related to the indigenous South Asian hunter-gatherers The Andamanese also show high affinity to other Australasian populations , such as Melanesians, as well as to East/Southeast Asian peoples . Andamanese peoples Ydna D1a2 The second group of settlers K2a/NO Haplogroup O-M175 =O1 +O2 The O-M175 haplogroup origin were Yunnan-Burma border. Before separated into 2 branch, O1 (O-F265) and O2 (O-M122) O2 (O-M122) entered East Asia with the western route (Himalayan-Yunnan). And became to Sino-Tibetan O2a2b1 (M134) and Hmong-Mien O2a2a1a2 (M7). O1 (O-F265) They separated to 2 branch, O1a and O1b. O1a (M119) moved to Taiwan and became to Austronesians. O1b1a1a (M95) became to Austroasiatics who lived in Indo-China and O1b2 moved to Korea and Japan. migration path Yunnan O2→ Qinghai→ Sino-Tibetan/O2a2b1+Hmong-Mien/O2a2a1 Qinghai O2a2b1→O2a2b1a2 + O2a2b1a1 O2a2b1a1 →Tibet-Qiang tribes/Tibeto-Burman/ydna D+C→Tibetan，Burmese O2a2b1a2→North China, Manchuria/ydna C2→Northern Han Chinese O1b=O1b1（O1b1a1+O1b1a2）+O1b2 Yunnan O1b1a1→Mainland Southeast Asia /C1b1a2+D→Austroasiatic→Munda +Mon-Khmer O1b1a2→Mainland China O1b2→moved to Korea/Samhan people Austro-Tai O1a (M119)→Yangtze River Basin→Baiyue people Yangtze Riverm O1a (M119)→Fujian→Taiwan→ Austronesian→ Islands of Southeast Asia/C1b2a+D+M→Malayo-Polynesian Fujian O1a →Guangdong and Guangxi O1b1a1→Kam-Tai/Zhuang people Kam-Tai→Mainland Southeast Asia→Laos →Thailand North China O2a→Guangdong and Guangxi O1b1a1+O1a→Modern Han Chinese
C1b1 is probably an Austro-Tai and Jomon-like lineage that went into Hoabinhian if you look at the most current y-dna trees, distributions, papers. The Asian C1b and Australoid C1b clades split 47 kya
@@parisan9985 both are Austro-Tai. On the mainland C1b1a2 is highest in Kam-Sui (originally coastal Wuyue area), Yao, Tujia, and in Chongqing and Sichuan, all of whom are Yangtzean and have significant Austronesian orientations genetically. Outside of China it's in Singapore, Borneo, Philippines e.g. many Ilocanos. Ilocanos are basically pure Austronesian. Borneo e.g. Lebbo clusters tightly with Austronesian. Etc. No Hoabinhian-related groups have it that I can think of unless you know of any studies?
Lebbo and were also found to be close to South Indians, moreso even than Onge Hoabinhian. Lebbo are like 95% Austronesian if not more and have significant C1b1a2 lineage(s)
wtf? It is common knowledge in PRC that Taiwan came under Chinese rule after Ming Dynasty defeated the Dutch. However the island of Taiwan has been mentioned in various Chinese texts since as early as the Han Dynasty. Also people from the Chinese Mainland have been settling in Taiwan long before the Ming has conquered it. Edit: By Ming Dynasty I mean the Kingdom of Tungning, Ming loyalists.
its kinda yes because the us had built a naval defence in Taiwan while the CPC was trying to invade the Island, so its a bit like stealing as the us made the ROC Goverment sympathized to the US
@@囧囧囧-w6t It was never confirmed if it was Taiwan or not, there wasn't sufficient solid proof to support this theory, but the CCP decided to canonize it anyway to strengthen their claim over Taiwan
@@raymil 1) The Ming-Chinese takeover of Taiwan as part of the Sino-Dutch conflicts was documented by both the chinese as well as the Dutch. There are several texts and paintings about it. Of course, many in the west nowadays don't like to mention it, as it solidifies the fact that China has had ownership over Taiwan for a long time. 2) There was a place called "Yizhou" located off the Chinese coast in ancient Chinese texts from Kingdom of Wu, and it was most likely referring to the island of Taiwan. And yes, you are absolutely right if you say that it has never been fully confirmed if it was Taiwan or not, but many Chinese politicians as well as historians "Yizhou" truly is Taiwan or not. I personally believe that Yizhou is Taiwan, because it is the only place it would make sence.
@@kaichang2059 His father was a merchant in Fujian, so his last name is Chinese, but his first name is Japanese. His mother was from a famous Japanese samurai family and he spent his childhood in Japan, which helped him win the war.
@@kaichang2059 成功in Japanese means accomplishing a difficult goal. Zheng Chenggong's Japanese name was Tagawa Fukumatsu, and he spent his childhood in Hirado, but moved to his father's hometown of Fujian when he was seven years old. The Zheng family engaged in smuggling based on Amoy Island and Kinmen Island in Quanzhou Prefecture, and had a private army to fight against government forces and business rivals. When he was 15 years old, he passed the entrance examination and became a member of Nan'an County, Quanzhou Prefecture. Since then, he has studied under Qian Qianyi of the Donglin Party in Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty. His younger brother Jirozaemon remained in Japan with his mother when he was young, becoming the eldest son of the Tagawa family and growing up as a Japanese, named Shichizaemon Tagawa. Shichizaemon, who had a successful business in Nagasaki, continued to correspond with Zheng Chengggong through letters, and supported Zheng Chenggong in terms of funds and materials.
台灣的日本時期應該是1895~1952年才是正確的 1945年~1952年是同盟國軍事佔領期間 The Japanese period in Taiwan should be correct from 1895 to 1952. The period from 1945 to 1952 was the period of military occupation by the Allies
@@edwardsnowden8821 because they don’t really care about oppression or democracy, they only care about USA interest, see how US keep supporting Israel the ongoing coloniser country. They are hypocrites
Good video. Some background knowledge from an unbiased pov: 1) During around 1900, Empire of Japan did not "own" Taiwan. It's colonization. The ownership still belongs to Qing dynasty. 2) 5:42 In 1945, after WWII, Japan returned Taiwan to then-Chinese government, which is the KMT (国民党) (as you can see at that time the mainland China is also in blue color same as taiwan). 3) Back then there was a civil war between CPC and KMT. Although KMT retreated to Taiwan, both CPC and KMT claimed that both mainland China and Taiwan belong to them. The civil war did not officially end and until today it's still in war status 4) Currently the world recognize CPC as the sole government that represent China and Taiwan is part of China. This includes United Nation and around 180 countries, including US and most of Europe. That means, if you think t,w is a country, either you are wrong, or United nation and other ~180 countries are wrong.
