I have the crosscurrent S and I love it. The torque sensor is great. But it too is similar in that the fenders do make rattle noises when you hit bumps. Though it's not terrible, Juiced should design upgrades available on the site for people who want better fenders.
Was seriously researching e-bikes for everyday riding and occasional hunting but upon hearing the racket this bike makes I’ve dropped the whole idea. This bike would chase away any game for a half mile in all directions. My Honda rubicon isn’t nearly as loud as this bike. Thanks for saving me some serious $$
Cort, I need your help. My Ripcurrent S is dead. This is the 2nd repair this bike has needed since I got it (it came with a bent chainring) and it's been babied and barely riden since I fixed that. It's never gotten wet or even been on a trail or upa hill, just beautiful paved smooth bike path. The 1st thing I did when it died was double check all cables & connections, disconnected the brake cut-outs, etc. (I have an electric scooter so I'm very familiar with all this including routing cables and swapping out ECUs). Within 30 minutes of it dying, I contacted Juiced to generate a service ticket. It took days for them to get back to me. In fact, every email or call takes days for them to return only for them to tell me to check all the things I checked in the 1st 15 minutes. For some unknown reason Juiced has dragged out what should have been a simple 1 week repair at most, to what will end up being 3-4 weeks (with Memorial Day), and this assumes the parts that are finally being shipped (via slowest method, of course) arrive here next week and fix this problem. Juiced Service is a new level of OMG, although I will say the bent chainring problem was fixed in a reasonable amount of time (9 days) because they at least said what they were shipping me (also sent via a slow boat). The box of electrical parts their sending now- they won't even tell me what's in the box that will show up here next Wednesday per the UPS confirmation, except for an ECU. It's like Juiced doesn't care at all about its customers. I've never seen anything like this in a customer service, especially the head tech who is quite obviously wasting as much time as possible (but says the opposite- we're here to help, and this will be fixed soon, yada, yada, yada. I'm certain at this point Juiced wishes they never heard of me, which is so sad because I went from being their biggest supporter to their biggest problem (I run the Juiced Bikes Club on Google Groups). I am so unbelievably frustrated that my brand new $3000. bike is a paperweight as I truly need to be riding it for health reasons. Why on Earth would they do this? Well, they have given me the option to return the bike for a refund if the parts they're sending don't fix problem, but oddly I want to try to avoid that. The bike is amazing when it works and has all the right bells and whistles I need. Anyway, I need your help in a few ways. Next time you report on a Juiced bike, like on their new Scrambler, can you again mention in your review how people have contacted you personally about their service practices, and secondly, if I do return this Ripcurrent, can you suggest any other $2-3K fatbike with a torque sensor and front suspension? Cort, I appreciate what you do and I hope you can help. Thanks. PS.My guess is that the problem is the 20a ECU they use in the RCS, because it's the same one they use in the much lighter, less power Crosscurrent S. It needs to be a 25A ECU, but they'll never admit it. Well, see!
guitartec...very distressing to read that, i'm waiting to order the RCS...aside from your problem with the bike was the acceleration and speed better than shown in the video demo? looking at the 48volt 19ah..please give me some honest input cause it's between this and a radrover (which i can get tomorrow with great customer support) thank you
Sorry, the bike is okay now, really. The new ECU they finally sent installed easily and solved the problem totally. The bike is a joy to ride once again but I want to beat their service tech over his head with the bad part. So, the accelleration is friggen awesome when you use the TAB feature. I can't speak for the Rad's acceleration to compare it, but my guess is it's better than the Rad even without using the TAB to start off. I had my bike up to 34.5mph on a slight descent. Most of the time I cruise at 28mph on the straight and level. I use cuise control when I get winded. Just my opinion here... The RCS is a bike for people that like to work on their bikes. The RCS is a great platform for upgrading and modding. It's designed to be worked on and the stats on the bike's computer are great for people who want to know what's going on with their bike. So far, Juiced' service has been decent (replacing the bent chainring) and then horrible (the ECU debacle). The Rad appears to be less of a performance bike (not that it's slow or a bad bike at all) that's not as easy to work on, but is probably more reliable and less expensive. It's more like owning a brand name bike and the tech service is great. Both bikes have their trade off. Now pick one! :)
This is insane. I ordered and canceled my order for an RCS on the same day because of their poor CS. I'm glad you got it working and are happy again! I ended up buying a better bike at a better price and after seeing what you went through I'm glad I did.
I need to reiterate... My RCS has had slight shipping damage (bent chainring) and a simple assembly issue (ECU installed backwards) that were both easily fixed. The bike was NOT defective per say, and I sort of expected some issues as I have the 5th RCS off the assembly line. What I'm bitching about is the Juiced Service Dept. They're the most inefficient service department I've ever seen or heard about. Other than that, this bike IS great.
@@paulrybarczyk5013 the point is how much improvement vs increase in cost. Fenders wont tip the scales for my choice. But fenders are a good thing to include!
I owned a rad rover, it’s a good bike but wasn’t for me so I sold it. I live in San Francisco, and the hills drained my battery, so I maybe ( I’m talking barely) got 22 miles on a full charge riding on peddle assist 3 or 4 on the hills, I rarely used peddle assist 5 unless I was on a steeper hill and still had to peddle like crazy just to barely make it up the hill. I also noticed when I would get down to 2 bars of battery power I would lose power, and if I had more than 5 miles to go I would probably be walking even if I put it in peddle assist 2 the rest of the way. The rad rover didn’t have much torque off the jump, and took a little long to get up to the speed of 23 to 24 mph. At top speed even going down hill the bike kicks the motor off at 24mph, and keeps you from getting over that speed. The bike is very heavy, and I had gotten 3 flat tires in the rear, and had to walk the bike 8 miles back home once because it won’t fit on the bus bike rack, and it won’t fit in a car so if you run out of battery power or get a flat you are just stuck walking it home. I even changed tires and switched to the maxxxxi fish hooks. After swapping tires the bike did get up to speed faster, and the ride was smoother but you felt the bumps more. I did like the rad rover just wished it had a stronger motor, and a longer battery life. I know I could have upgraded but I am going to go with a more expensive bike with everything that I want instead of spending more money to upgrade. I got what I paid for it even with 1,300 miles on it, so not much of a loss of money for me. I’m looking at juice bikes, and even looking at the mission by Rad. I just wish I could test these bikes before I purchase them. It’s hard to shell out such a large amount of money on something you can’t test fist. Another thing is that once you start getting into the $3,000 price range you might as well get a Honda PCX 150 scooter and a regular bike for exercise.
I paid the current price of $2500 for my Rip Current S. I think the higher price is due to the combination of extreme demand for eBikes as well as likely some additional tariffs of late. At 6'7" 250 lbs the availability of fat tire mountain bike style frames is rather limited for people my size and Juiced offers an XL frame. That was the winning spec for me along with availability as I've ridden a very nice RadPower RadRover fat tire bike and it felt rather small. This bike feels very good to ride and I don't feel crowded while riding. These bikes now have higher rising handlebars which are great as that makes for a broad range of reach adjustment. I've moved the controls towards the center and away from the grips. Big hands and wearing gloves with the cold weather coming on necessitated the need for more grip space. I have no complaints about the power and range of this bike as it really goes and I find myself using the ECO (Level 1) power, ...except when I'm at Level 0 for my strenuous aerobic workouts. Anyway, when at the ECO level and providing reasonable pedal effort, and with that "wompin" large battery, this bike has huge range. I recently went on a scenic ride of 23 miles on level ground and used one bar. That's huge range when you're helping the bike out. I found that 52T front chain ring to be way too tall. I was seldom shifting above 6th gear and 1st always felt way too tall. To fix that I replaced the inside chain guide/protector with a 39T chainring. That fixed my complaint very well. Note I kept the 52T gear, but haven't moved the chain back onto it yet. Having the 39T gear has made the rear cassette much more useable as I am now more likely to be in the middle gears where before it was usually 1st, 2nd, and maybe 3rd. Have only put on 90 miles so far since it is not a commuter but am quite happy with my RipCurrent S. Will be going into winter rather soon with short days and darkness after work plus lousy weather so for the moment I think accumulating miles will be rather slow for a while. But I'll see, there will be weekend days where I'll be able to enjoy it for a few miles.
Cort, thanks so much for reviewing the RCS. I ordered this exact ebike a few months ago with the 52v battery. I assume since the 1st batch of Ripcurrents are currently still enroute on the container ship (at least to my knowledge) that you're testing a prototype RCS in this video??? I know that Tora was doing some final testing, so I pray throttle response is better on the 1st run than the prototype. I'm about 260lbs myself, so I'm really hoping all the incredible power that was advertised is a reality.
Yeah, I was very excited by the look, the price, the knowledge that Tora goes in deep and builds some special custom parts (like the light and battery) but was underwhelmed by the throttle response. I hope that is fixed and welcome your hands-on feedback when your RCS arrives. The website says there is a 7-day return policy too, so you could swap it if the performance is inconsistent or lacking what you need. Fingers crossed! I wrote about my experience after reflecting and dug into the details more here electricbikereview.com/juiced-bikes/ripcurrent-s/
Rip weight is 70.9lbs. Rad weight is 66.5lbs. Difference= 4.4lbs. This is such a small percentage of total weight, it's literally moot. Carry a water bottle and a tool kit, go tubeless with heavier tires and a bag, wear a winter coat, eat tacos the night before ... any of this levels the playing field.
The slightly higher weight is totally understandable IMHO. Any ideas about the performance issue Cort was talking about? I know Tora is all about performance, so I assume either this was simply a beta software acceleration issue or that Cort never really seized the chance to open it up in the park.
For anyone looking for a value ebike, this would be one of the better ones. Its same price as the recently reviewed Add Motor, but lots more features and better spec. Couple of worries/concerns: 1) Way too heavy. 70 lbs, its an anchor. Better to go with fattie tires and lose the dead weight fat tires. Forgot about taking a bike this weight in any loose sand. 2) Fenders are junk and will be soon shredded in any kind of off road environment, 3) exposed wires on the under side will be shredded in time, 4) Not a fan of hub motors, but nice they have quick release for the wires, 5) Looks like the build quality has issues, like pieces hanging down into the chain, as noted in the review. I'm wondering if there is an OEM manufacturer in China that is suppling a basic bike, then tweaks are made by various brands to add points of difference. This bike looks a lot like the Add Motor and a couple of other made in China ebikes on a basic level.
Hi John, thanks for your feedback and input! I agree that the bike weight is an issue and go into some detail about handling and acceleration in the full review here electricbikereview.com/juiced-bikes/ripcurrent-s/ I was able to reflect a bit and ask some questions of the company
Thanks so much for the additional clarity. Agree, very high spec for a value bike! Well done. I own a fat ebike of similar weight and characteristics, but not all the detail spec of the bike reviewed here and different manufacturer. In retrospect would have preferred fattie tires like 2.8 which achieves the benefits of a fat tire, with a lot less weight and easier to manoeuvre. I live on a 100 m hill, so aside from speed, the ability of the drive train to assist getting me up that hill is a major requirement. With so much bike weight, rider weight (mine secret, but under 200 lbs), and any cargo my Bafang hub motor struggles. I'm not an ebike expert, just know what works for me.
I thought it was hilarious when you focused in on the butterfly. Anyway, I really like this bike and I'm liking that they offer the larger capacity batteries. I do wonder if you can purchase a second battery at time of purchase for a relative discount like when you buy from R&M.
Yeah, I love seeing nature and animals when out riding... that was a really pretty butterfly :D and as for the battery option, perhaps you'd get a discount? I think many people just opt for a higher capacity battery pack vs. two. You'd also get the higher voltage, the pack would be lighter than two (because they use higher energy density cells) and maybe the GPS bluetooth app thing Rich was talking about
They're totally the kind of company that you could email and ask. However, the top and mid range batteries are both sorta limited availability. They made their 19Ah battery to be a better mid-range option with the incredible 21Ah batteries. But they're both new sizes. IN FACT, my bike's been delayed because I ordered a 52V model. I have another week of wait or so. They let me know last week it'd be another couple weeks.
The new telephone book is here, the new telephone book is here! I just received my official UPS notification tonight that my RCS has shipped! Should see it in 6 days or so as it's coming across the country to RI.
I waited 105 days. The bike is amazing when it works. UPS damaged the chainring, so I waited 9 days for Juiced to send me a new one. Right now, the bike is not working due to an electrical issue we're trying to resolve.
After 2 months of constant research I've decided to get a dirt bike motorcycle - nothing here gets it done for me and nothing is even in stock - a long wait from China and good luck with support and parts. I'm only paying a little more for a helluva lot more fun.
Good review, I really liked the bike you showed. I'm a heavy guy, so would be interested in the juiced bike, being in Maine, want to wait until spring to buy.
Great question, I'd love to see the rubberized hidden wire design implemented on the CrossCurrent S too. Maybe you can ask on the official site in the little chat support window? Let us know if they respond, I'll mention it to Rich when I talk next but am not sure if he will know, it sounds like Tora is in China working on the bike right now so I wasn't able to chat with him directly
I like the plastic fenders! The headlight doesn't do it for men though. I have two on my bike. One faces more downward to light up the road in front of my front wheel and the other faces more ahead to light up what's in the distance. The rack is a good place to hang saddlebags. You just need some guards to keep the bags out of the wheels. As for water bottles I have a nice idea. hang it on a lanyard and carry it from your shoulder on the side. I think I'm going to look into that for my journeys. The tail light looks good on that bike. Better than mine. Good tial light can be hard to find. Most retailers sell the small lights that mount on the seat post. They're not big. My bike has no seat post because the seat is set all they down to the frame. I had to mount my tail light on the custom made rack. As for gears Nine speeds is more than needed. I had a three speed once and it was good enough for most situations. I don't see why you need more than 5 gears. that should get you plenty enough speed without over doing it. Another bike with uncomfortable seat. I'd like to see a bike manufacturer get hemoroids just once. They'll learn the importance of comfortable seats.
What bike do you own? Did you really mean that the "headlight doesn't do it for men", or did you want to say "me"? Haha I like your two headlight idea.
Looking forward to hearing from actual buyers when they take delivery. Personally, I don't think the Rip Current is living up to the hype. Court wasn't as stoked as he was with the CCS.
My biggest concern was around acceleration, the bike didn't have a lot of zip considering the motor is rated at 750+ watts... the throttle seemed a little off so I didn't comment on it heavily on camera (wasn't sure if it was just a one-off issue) but I did write more in the full review electricbikereview.com/juiced-bikes/ripcurrent-s/ I also want to hear from real owners when they get the bikes. Juiced does have a 7 day return policy, so at least there's some peace of mind there if it falls very short :)
+ElectricBikeReview.com I think re: off the line acceleration, there's a feature called throttle assist boost - so when you hold the throttle down all the way and pedal at the same time it boosts to over 1000 watts, which on the CCS is quite a bit. Might be even more on the RCS. Might explain the underwhelming throttle response and could be intentional.
The RipCurrent and the Rad Rover (in it's 48V configuration) have the same power being delivered to the same motor. Aside from whatever weight difference there is between the bikes, shouldn't they have the exact same electrical performance? I understand the controllers are responsible for power delivery to the motor, but the RCS delivers 1000W at startup. I have to believe Juiced Bikes' assumption that there was something wrong with the test bike. Do you ever do updates to reviews for issues like this?
Hmm, it depends on how often it snows and how large you are. I had fun on this bike but it is very big and heavy, there are some other lighter fat ebikes that might fit my own body type and weight a bit better. I like how this one looked but the performance was a little off (perhaps it was just this demo model?)
Do you get to keep the bikes you test? That is a nice bike and for what it is the price isn't bad like many others. 10 grand or more for others is really rediculous.
Wow good price but with that motor sound and fenders not sure ? Seems to be more sounds off this bike too ! I think I would go with the rad rover over this.
Yeah, I did notice more sound and was a bit underwhelmed by acceleration, especially seeing Rich (who weighs ~260 lbs) going a bit slow. I think the controller is setup more for speed vs. raw torque off the line but I didn't test the max speed because we were in a park... I really wish I would have :(
I’m 78 and exhilarated biking around Coronado beach and along the Strand to Imperial Beach. Round trips about 18 miles each time. And the WIND does it deter or cancel my joy. I have a Specialized Vado 3.0 model 2018.
I like this bike a lot Court! Thinking of getting rid of my D Series since Bionx is out :( . This may be anice commuter option for me. Any thoughts on the Bionx situation ??
I would choose Ariel Rider. 1799 hydraulic brake, 18ah battery and dapu motor. Also have torque sensor. I think that is winner. But compared to Rad Rover i may choose Juiced.
Hi Court great video,I purchased this Rip Current S can't wait to receive it. I have a question what larger color LCD screen would work with this e bike Thanks, I'm in Brooklyn NY may be 20 minutes from Chirs shop Propel Electric Bikes, once I receive bike if your in Brooklyn visiting Chis at Propel Electric Bikes you can use my bike to do another Rip Currents S Review, let me know . OK Thanks Marc
Great review! I'm thinking about ordering the RCS w/GPS which is integrated in the battery. I know the battery is keyed and the way the key is cut/shown in the video looks pretty secure. Do you think the battery is secure enough that it would be somewhat difficult to pop the battery off and steal it. Granted you'd be able to track a thief down w/the GPS, but still hoping that its somewhat difficult to remove when locked in the frame.
Decent bike & price. That chain was bouncing around pretty good around the 24 mins. in. Maybe some kind of roller attached to the chain stay might keep that chain flapping under control. Do you have a small size available?
ive decided on purchasing this bike,being 6'2 and getting the size 20 frame im sure my butt will probably clear the bag on the rack hopefully, searched through atleast a couple hundred different bikes and cant find any other ebikes with a 52v battery so im probably going to buy this one but i was wondering if i was missing anything,is there any other bikes with 52v battery i missed out there?, regardless though i think i have finally found the bike i want,its got those handlebars (the newer updated model, the 2499$ usd one) that come up where i dont need to lean forward as i got lower back issues from a 2 inch leg discrepancy, got the high battery voltage for the added speed, the high AH for the added distance, 750w motor is plenty power ,i did not want anything lower then 750w, the cable management seems fairly well done, comes with the mud guards and rack w/panier bag bar attachment as i want to be able to take this stealth camping and shopping to be able to carry plenty of my gear was very important, both torque and cadence sensors, got both front an back lights (most do nowadays it seems anyways but still thats a alot of lumens comparing to others and looks fairly beasty an rugged), heck even has the exact colors and size i want im 6,2 and wanted something black and red, this is pretty much perfect ^^. Also i have heard rear motors actually feel abit more like a dirtbike then mid hub motors frankly and i would rather that feeling. only issue i see is the seat does not look like the most comfy but nothing a 20$ wall-mart seat cant fix i have one from there thats just fine ive been using for the last couple years on my current mountain bike cheap as heck. Also great review thanks for this!, I cant wait to get this beasty in the mail im super excited!!,this will be my first ebike. A beautiful "monarch" butterfly btw lol.
Me too, even the photos on the website show it tipped forward, and that aims the rear light up. Maybe the support struts could be flipped to make it look flat?
I hope you can get your hands on one of the new scramblers from juiced bikes they are on Indy gogo right now I have ordered one I’d really like to see your opinion I know that he is currently shipping out a first batch for reviewers and would like to see your take on it
Scored a Camp Scrambler, because there's no way I'm spending 3K for a Super 73, and it meets the max eBike requirements in my town. Been sitting here like a kid waiting for Christmas, all twitchy and impatient. I was thinking the City for the tires and black color, but I wanted spokes for maintenance. I have a long, sad history of breaking mags. I'll just swap the tires to something slick for in-town bar hopping. Already looking at ways to fab a Sissy bar for the back and a milk crate support frame where the number plates go :)
I missed the white Oakleys - good personal branding I think... Like the bike's rear rack - I hate those pannier only types without the top 'deck' or platform. (My heels hit panniers - prefer trunk bag). Tora/Jora actually sleeps in the factory in china to keep an eye on quality control and likely not get ripped off...
Great review... Amazing bike at this price. Nice to think of the bike's designer going back and forth to China to spec it and check it during development.
Tora is a neat guy, really cool to get to test ride this and see Rich hop on and go. Lots of great accessories, sizes, colors, they really went all out :)
So in right at 280 (I know max is 275, although Ice been losing weight quickly). Do I need to wait until I get well below the weight limit or can I probably use it now? I really want yo use it to transition to a standard bike, start as one asoeft to get more active but wasn't sure if it's too early for that
So I wanted to ask, Are any of these bikes available for test rides?? I live in California, and I know interbike is coming, but are there shops that will allow test rides?? I live in Sacramento but would travel if there is a show.
Check out SF. There are a couple of shops there and I know at least one lets you test ride and I assume the others will too. Sorry can't remember the names right now.
I put 5 inch risers and a cushy saddle on my Hyperfat, very comfortable and smooth. I will say the difference between going 28-30 mph or being restricted to 20... is a big difference. IMO, if I can go 20-25 on a conventional road bike, why buy an electric bike that cuts off at 20? Just my opinion.
I want to like it, but it sounds terrible in this video. I know the fenders are hitting, but why not address this from the factory day one. Motor was really loud too.
I want to like this bike but the noises this bike made were terrible. I understand being excited to show the bike off but I think it's a marketing mistake to show something that is not right or ready.
I seen a lot of chain slapping and it was extremely noisy. Another thing I noticed is that they raise the price.
6 лет назад
1: Why so limited gearing? Like can an average biker pedal that home, uphill, with a flat battery? A double 22-40something crackset would've doubled the bike's price? 2: what's with the throttle on the left? Motorcycles have it on the right, cars have it on the right, planes and boats have it on the right. Is this trying to be heli pilots friendly? :))
You said it has a 48 volt battery at 10.25 but on the side of the battery frame it says 52 volt. Which is it? Does the 52 volt give it more power? What's the advantage? Juiced needs to do something with those fenders, I could not live with all that noise.
It think more homework should be done on the review. The weight is only four pounds more then the Rad rover and that's because of the 52 V 21amh battery, not 48v 21amh and you get twice the distance then the Rover does so four pounds you be the judge. Could not see much on the short ride to tell.
The Rip looked slow in your video and you even state this as one of the cons. I suspect the 20amp controller is the main reason why along with the 70lb weight. I would have like to have seen at least a 25amp controller. This would be a big factor on whether or not I would buy the bike. Overall, it looks to be an decent offering by Juiced and you do get a lot for the money.
One thing I do not like is the tires. I have seen more tread on the scrap tire pile than on these bikes. I also hear they are very thin and wear out quickly. You life depends on good brakes and tires. Yet you never talk about the cheap tires.
I have the Fat Tire Bike that Torah made and when I have it in sport mode and I pedal it it clogs and when I go Full Throttle it clogs meaning it doesn't take off smooth when I'm stopped it clogs when I'm in turbo mode it clogs super very disappointed other than that the bike is great I wish they would have been able to fix those two flaws! :-( when I say it clogs it doesn't take off smooth at all!
Okay, that's good feedback Rory, I experienced some inconsistent throttle action as well. I wasn't sure if the wire was loose or if this was more of a prototype build. I was expecting more zip and instant power with the throttle and did not get it.
ElectricBikeReview.com I wish i could get the bike to take off smoothly from a complete stop with the throttle plus in sport mode at a complete stop the bike does the same thing when i try to pedal.
im still thinkin rad rover is the choice but im in early stages of reviews, i want more speed because i live in flat rural area, i wanna cover ground quick.
Any production ebike with a throttle (thumb or grip) can be propeled with just the throttle. This is legal only to 20mph in the US. There may be some exceptions out there that run differently tho.
Yes. It's annoying Cort doesn't make this clear, right up front in all his videos. It's the most important consideration. Nor does he measure 0-18 times. oh well.
These past few years I've noticed some hesitation or qualification from a lot of guys assessing up to date bikes and their trail worthiness. If something like this was made 15 years ago I suspect it would be judged 5 star off road capability.
Hi Steve, I appreciate your feedback, could you clarify what you mean a bit? I appreciate critical points so that I can improve if you feel that I was imbalanced or missed something :)
Sorry I've been reading a number of reviews but after I wrote this realized this was not a good time to post this sentiment, I should have deleted it. It shouldn't apply to this review which was extensive and appropriate, and for a good bike. You're too polite :)
He NEVER mentions range or speed or quickness. A standard test would be for him to time throttle-only times, 0-20 mph. Wouldn't be difficult. Nope. Gotta count those teeth on those sprockets. For being an EV reviewer, and considering that these three considerations are the most important, then you must conclude: Cort is a terrible reviewer of electric bikes. He's very good at measuring seat heights and counting the teeth on sprockets though.
For your regular non-electrical components you can take it to the local shop and they can fix anything on these bikes just like any other regular bike. For electrical components you can contact Juiced Bikes and they will ship you any necessary parts. Here in Los Angeles we also have many Electric Bike shops that can work directly on your e-bike. I personally own Hyper Scrambler and never had any issues except some brake adjustments and flat tires
