7 Database Paradigms 

You know why frontend devs have lunch alone? They don't know how to join tables

Quick Note: Relational Databases are not called "Relational" because data in one table is related to data in another table. Even if the database doesn't have any foreign key, it is still relational. Relational Databases are called "Relational" because the whole database is based on Relational Algebra that Edgar Codd created. That algebra provides operations like projection and join. Relation here means a set of tuples. You can actually check the book "The relational model for database management" by Codd. If you have a grasp of first order logic and basic set theory, it is a fascinating read.

I must agree, this is one of the best database defining video on the internet.

5:57 I like how you edited acid effect while discussing ACID property

One of the best videos by fireship!

I bet you learn so much from teaching this stuff. I’m so envious.

Dude! You're a salesman of knowledge! It's so interesting!!! LOVE IT 😊

This is the most detailed and crisp introduction to databases I've ever seen after my 4 years of engineering. Thanks man!

THIS VIDEO IS JUST WHAT I ALWAYS WANTED simple and elegant description for DBs THANK YOU YOU ARE A KING

I am a few years late to be leaving a comment really, but if you are reading this, note that your best option most of the time is a relational database. Document DB's are brilliant, but without the ability to join and search, developing business intelligence around a product or process is very difficult, and migrating data out of a DDB and into a relational database is challenging. You have to be 100% sure you are OK with losing those features because getting them back is going to be extremely challenging.

Studying 3rd year computer engineering and your videos are educating me in so many awesome ways. Especially your cloud computing in 2020 video. Have watched it three times now! Are you going to make more cloud computing overview videos soon? Your knowledge about how they work, their economics and how it affects the end user are so enthralling! :)

This is the best detailed explanation of databases I've ever seen. I'm in 3rd year of CS (undergraduate) but didn't have a chance to know about all of this massive yet beautifully explained information about databases. Thanks a lot Jeff.

No joke, I'm learning more from these videos than I ever did in 6 years of college and grad school

FaunaDB looks amazing. I've been waiting for something like this for a long time! Thx.

It's definitely the flagship video of fireship, so many new things I learned that I didn't even knew about.

jokes on you, i use notepad

Wow! You just summarised books in 10min video! For videos of these qualities, we can wait for months! Thanks

This is a great quick overview of the database landscape. I do have a couple of points to add: 1. redis is more than just a simple in-memory key-value store.The values can be of different commonly used types, such as strings, lists, hashes, sets and bitfields. This enables simplifying app code by doing some of the querying logic in the db itself. Plugins enable extending the usefulness to additional use cases. 2. With the exception of RDBMSs (relational dbs) the other db solutions enable utilizing multiple servers by sharding the data and replicating it. This makes them highly scaleable while providing great performance.

I surely needed this video. Thanks so much. There aren't a lot of videos about this so I am so grateful that you're making one.

This video literally creates a spark to explore more. Thanks for your efforts. Highly appreciated.

You know what ? This masterpiece need tons of research ! Mad respect 🙌🙌

This is the first time I’ve ever heard of multi-model. It sounds almost like fiction, lol! Definitely gonna give it a try 😋 Thanks for the amazing video as always!

So much pertinent information in such a short timeframe. This is epic. Thanks for your passionate work.

Thank you. Simple and fast explanations. Great video! :)

Why has youtube never recommended this channel until today?! This guy is awesome

1. Key-Value Database - Redis, Memcached, etcd #Like JSON, SET(to add value), GET(to retrieve), data held in machine memory not on hard disk. Thus, Superfast and mainly used for cache, PUB/SUB etc. 2. Wide Column Database - Cassandra, Hbase # Handles unstructured data, uses CQL(Contextual Query Language), mainly for storing history etc. 3. Document Oriented Database - MongoDB, Firestore etc. # JSON unstructured document 4. Relational Database - MySQL, PostgreSQL etc. # Uses SQL and also ACID compliant Cockroach Labs - More optimized for scalability 5. Graph - Neo4j, Dgraph # Uses Cypher for querying, often used in building knowledge base, recommendation engine etc. 6. Search Engine - elastic, Solr(Most of them are on the top of Apache lucene project) Cloud Based - Algolia, MeiliSearch # These are Full Text database. An index like in the back of the book is created. On search, an index is searched on the object. 7. Multi-Model Database - FaunaDB Uses GraphQL # Just define how want to consume data, and it will automatically figure out how to take the best advantage of all paradigms. The best. Other data warehouse, time-series

Excellent explanations on each database! Thank you!

Your channel genuinely inspired me to start my own!

Another interesting database, similar in some ways to Fauna, is Datomic. It uses Datalog as a query language, which also enables you to specify the shape of your query results. Datomic was created by Rich Hickey, the creator of the Clojure programming language. There are a number of really interesting talks on the philosophy behind the design of Datomic (by Rich Hickey, David Nolen, and others), which are well worth your time if you are interested in not just databases, but in how we approach storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data in our work. Datomic also has the benefit of being something you can run on-prem, and has two free options to suit solo developers/small businesses, and open source projects.

It's incredible how much knowledge you pack into such short videos. And it is unbelievable that all of this knowledge "sticks". Thanks you very much for these!

One of the best videos about databases ive ever seen if not the best.

This video brilliantly sums up various DBs, hats off!

I'm a simple man. I see Fireship, I click video.

I watched this video in preparation for a job interview and it really helped! I was able to explain the differences and use cases for a cache and relational database very eloquently. Thanks Jeff

Dude, You read my mind I was seriously looking for a detailed information about databases. And here you are. Thanks A Lot.

The best Content I had come up with so far. Well done!

I will look into Fauna, thanks! Recently got my hands on Hasura, that is also an abstraction layer/GraphQl engine on top of Postgres.

I was so convinced that I had to use a relational db for one of my projects, and while watching this video, I just figured out a way to do my backend with a document db, which might be even simpler. And you also got me interested to learn about the other db paradigms, thanks :)

4:52 to 5:52 Best explanation of relational databases I've ever seen. 60 seconds very well spent!

So clear, excellent ! I learned a lot. Thanks Fireship.

Exceptional!!!! Thank you so much. Can you do a video on ETL solutions?

You needs to add more than just a LIKE button where is the AWESOME button!

Love your content, very high quality. I must add tho, that mongodb has acid transactions. Regards!

This is a great video to learn about the types and differences of DB Paradigms. Great stuff.

Woh that paper effect was amazing 0:29, did you use After Effects for it?

Incredible video , the production value is amazing 😁 Just have one question regarding database choices for apps. I just started out using firebase in my flutter app but I'am already getting confused as to what the best practice would be for a typical SQL join between tables . For example let's say a medical app; would you have invoices in a sub collection under a users collection or would it be best to still have separate collections and then do a stream join with RXdart or would it be best to just go with another database choice entirely 😅

This channel proves itself to be the best informative channel. Thank you!

Jesus! that is easily among my top ten most valuable videos on youtube so far. Great content as it unveiled so much new things to check out! thank you

This is an absurdly good video. Excellent production values, great script, great content. I literally work at Google and I learn stuff from your channel all the time.

0:49 _and points to some value_ In fact the key can point to a list, set or map, hyperloglog, stream or even geospatial data via geohash. In short it can point to either a single value or a 1-D collection. 1:50 _Wide column adds another dimension_ . This means that each value in the row opposite each key can be a 1-D collection in itself. So each key links to a 2-D collection of data. 2:58 _each document is a container for key-value pairs_ Each cell within each document is a location for a 1-D collection, key-value collection or sub-document.

Simple yet comprehensive and awesome content. I like it.

My brain just melted... Thank you for clarification, great material!

Just a note to say that Redis is now also multimodel like Fauna.

Nice video. Reading E.F. Codd's paper on things relational, no matter how much or little you understand of it, should be considered a rite of passage mandatory read, similar to reading Satoshi's original bitcoin paper before delving into bitcoin to truly appreciate the genius behind these concepts.

I like this video very much. The way of your explanation is simple, straight forward and explicit. Not too short nor too long. Looking forward more videos from you

this video really expanded my thinking, thank you

lol what a timely video for me, I was in the process of searching for the use cases of Redis and Elasticsearch and here he is uploading a video that explains the general concept of those two and MORE.

I personally also like ArangoDB as a multi-model database, it has a really nice query language and some cool features (although it isn't as hassle-free as fauna)

Kudos and thanks for a superb introductory video. I have rarely seen such good work of packing lots of info in short concise package without compromising on clarity. As Einstein used to say : u know u understood something when u can explain it to your grandma... well this video has something for my grandma (she’d pick up basic concepts) and some depth for those who can pick up more and it really made me want to learn more about other db architectures I don’t know much of . Thx!!!

Superb explanation and comparison of the DB types with incredible value, especially referring to the use cases for each. Thank you!

Shoutout to his dad for talking a lot🐣

Well done and thank you! This video is fantastic and should serve as the gold standard for this type of video. It uses a model that all other informational videos should strive to emulate! It was clear, concise, informative and it covered an important topic. I rarely leave positive comments on RU-vid videos. Videos are either okay - or there’s something wrong with them that I call attention to. But this one is so much better than the rest - that I felt compelled to say thank you and to leave positive feedback.

This video is awesome! Thank you Fireship!

I needed this! I was about to start looking for this information online! Thaks a lot!

Great video! One minor suggestion, though, is to lower the background speed, as it gets distracting. Besides that, it's perfect

About DynamoDB, it's a key-value document database. I would say it's more similar to redis than to mongo.

I love this, definitely gonna come back to this video for reference

Cleared all the concepts in just 10 mins....hats off 🙌🙌🙌

Great video. I've found a minor mistake, at 8:27 you put number 6 instead of 7

I'm in 4th year of IT high school and mostly can't get this video haha. Shows how well we got taught databases, great. I guess time to start learning it myself.

7:58 Man that indexing example cleared everything regarding index in elastic search for me.......Respect .

Wow🙌 Thanks for creating this index of databases out there!

4:30 "and most of it goes way over my head" Me: Well then...no use reading that.

I haven't heard about Fauna and the concept behind it is super interesting. Also it would be amazing if you make video on database normalization, it is one of the cs topics that clear explanation is heavily required :)

Thks many for the outside overview of daatabase paradigms

Wow! , This is watching DB history in 10 years and learning in instant . Thank you for making and uploading such useful video.

What kind of sorcery FaunaDb is!

The best teacher on the internet, par none.

This video helped a lot. Thanks!!

High quality content there. I feel that it will be really helpfull in the futur to dig into specific db and uses cases

Welcome to Fireship, where its always Friday! 🕶

One the most “important” decisions after the most important one: Arquitecture.

Jeff you are an asset to the community, glad to have you :)

Thanks for presenting me MeiliSearch, I've been looking for an alternative to Elastic for so long!

I thought Database are all very similar to SQL. Thank you so much for making this video. Databases now doesn't sound as scary and frustrating as before to me. I believe there are more undergraduate students like me in Computer Science who have the same misunderstanding.

You didn’t cover Excel tables.

I don't always turn on notifications, but when I do, they're for Fireship 🔥

So glad i found your channel! Keep up the great work!

When you see a video by fireship.io that is longer than 100 seconds, then grab a pen and paper and start writing notes

Never once described wtf a join is

Best video on DB's and their use cases.... thank you.

Thanks for quick snapshot.. very helpful.... and your dad is a smart guy.

Lol cockroach is a database 😂😂😂

Really appreciate your effort sir !!!

The best explanation ever. Just enough for beginners. For more info there are tons of info on the Web. Pictures are nice as well !!!

Great work man... This is really brief and to the point explanation 👍

This is the best video explaining all flavor of DB. Very inspiring.

Concise, quality content. Nice job 👌

I'm so new, and you're teaching me so much.

You got me with the acid background at 6:00! Great video!