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Amebelodontidae: The Shovel Tuskers 

Dr. Polaris
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The Amebelodontids are an extinct family of Proboscideans that were native to Africa, Eurasia and North America. Renowned for their bizarre appearance, with greatly elongated lower jaws tipped with chisel-like tusks, these animals have been nicknamed the shovel tuskers for obvious reasons. Once thought to be swamp dwelling animals that fed on soft aquatic plants, recent studies have shown that the group were actually browsers that fed on leaves, branches and bark. Generally modest in size by Proboscidean standards, being smaller than both African and Asian Elephants, the group appears in the fossil record almost simultaneously across their range during the Middle Miocene about 17 mya. Up to 11 genera dwelt across their range during the Miocene, but potentially only a single genus, Protanancus, survived into the Pliocene. The reasons for their extinction most likely included climate change and the loss of preferred forest habitats.
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11 сен 2021

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Комментарии : 118   
@Year2047
@Year2047 2 года назад
When I got "dinosaur" books as a kid seeing these guys was always cooler than the ones that only had non-avian dinosaurs. Thanks for covering these amazing creatures. They are one of my favorites
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
No problem. Glad you enjoyed the video!
@SliceySlicer
@SliceySlicer 2 года назад
Yeah, and? You want a cookie or something?
@marsbase3729
@marsbase3729 2 года назад
@@SliceySlicer you giving out free cookies?
@WaddyMuters
@WaddyMuters 2 года назад
Lol paleontologist back then. “Wow this animal was big and weird.” “Must have lived in a swamp then”
@mariomouse8265
@mariomouse8265 2 года назад
In fairness, comparative anatomy took centuries to develop; and swamps/rainforests/estuaries in our time really do support a lot of animals
@altithoraxperotorum5133
@altithoraxperotorum5133 2 года назад
I don't know why paleontologist had a drill of placing prehistoric animals as swamp creatures
@shafqatishan437
@shafqatishan437 2 года назад
It's a swamp thing
@yareulb2269
@yareulb2269 2 года назад
Film creators when they were thinking of where shrek would live. "Wow this character is big and weird." "Must have lived in a swamp then."
@christosvoskresye
@christosvoskresye 2 года назад
What is it with early 20th-century paleontologists assuming animals must have lived in swamps?
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
I’ve noticed that as well. There really did seem to be a strange expectation that large prehistoric animals had to live in swamps.
@xuanluu4873
@xuanluu4873 2 года назад
My guess is stereotypes, and in a way, validating the idea humans are the “most advanced” due to religious purposes, while extinct creatures are “inferior”
@needfoolthings
@needfoolthings 2 года назад
Like Brontosaurus. Sprawling lizard legs couldn't possibly support that great lumbering beast, so it just had to live in a swamp...
@christosvoskresye
@christosvoskresye 2 года назад
@@xuanluu4873 More likely it is the difficulty in understanding how large animals like sauropods could support themselves without a buoyant force from water, combined with a preservation bias; from there, it seems to have taken on a life of its own. Early 20th-century paleontologists were not particularly well known for being exceptionally religious.
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
I certainly think this type of thinking was a part of the issue. Swamps were deemed to be primitive environments so prehistoric animals simply became associated with them by default.
@reneeglover4819
@reneeglover4819 2 года назад
I want to see how these guys actually physically ate. I can't picture in my head how these guys used those jaws
@jaredhaas4168
@jaredhaas4168 2 года назад
I'm even more curious how their young could have possibly suckled.
@marsbase3729
@marsbase3729 2 года назад
I'm also really curious about that. I was thinking maybe they used them to scrape the bark off certain trees and when those trees died out they did as well because the were too specialized in their diet, maybe
@altithoraxperotorum5133
@altithoraxperotorum5133 2 года назад
Paleontologist : you think this is funny Evolution : in a cosmic sort of way yes Paleontologist : well mr funny man is this how you're getting your sick kicks Evolution : what it's just an ordinary ele oh my goodness
@jorgenajar9407
@jorgenajar9407 2 года назад
I like this
@invaderxim9893
@invaderxim9893 2 года назад
I love these guys! Always the coolest thing to wake up to!
@jointgib
@jointgib 2 года назад
rapidly becoming one of my fave channels
@slartibastrafatl2607
@slartibastrafatl2607 2 года назад
Great video! It's always fascinating to see all the strange morphologies that these animals could take.
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
It’s interesting that their post-cranial anatomy was very similar to living elephants, while the jaws and tusks were so different. Niche partitioning at its finest.
@carmelosaurus7480
@carmelosaurus7480 2 года назад
This just made my morning
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
That’s great to hear!
@Zooollieg
@Zooollieg 2 года назад
Good morning
@geckoguy4141
@geckoguy4141 2 года назад
Great video as always! If you haven't already, you should do a video on the cryptid, the Queensland Tiger. The author of the IUCN's Handbook of Mammals of the World's marsupial volume actually gives credence to its possible existence despite the lack of physical evidence and speculated that it was a relic population of Thylacoleo carnifax.
@mehdinik153
@mehdinik153 2 года назад
Nice informative vid. Just subscribed to your channel... You have used my works of prehistoric mammals in many of your videos. Leogon of deviantart :-)
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
Thanks! I love your artwork.
@shaya.dsz1
@shaya.dsz1 2 года назад
Imagine a game like the isle with cenozoic animal.
@pblobster4936
@pblobster4936 2 года назад
Try Cenozoic Survival. It’s a ROBLOX game but you wouldn’t even notice!
@user-xe1ss3sh7q
@user-xe1ss3sh7q 2 года назад
The game would be harder to make, as mammals have much more complex behavior and animations.
@shaya.dsz1
@shaya.dsz1 2 года назад
@@user-xe1ss3sh7q mostly miocene or paleocene animal
@KylePr0ducti0nsX
@KylePr0ducti0nsX 2 года назад
Those tusks though, quite the unit.
@bumbleguppy
@bumbleguppy 2 года назад
The amount of muscular energy to chew must have been silly. Imagine having a couple garden trowels strapped to your lower jaw at dinner. An with the chewing molars so far back, it would have had to have some way of getting plant matter in there, probably a trunk or at least a prehensile tongue.
@LuisAldamiz
@LuisAldamiz 2 года назад
Looks weird but should work fine: after all elephants have trunks and these guys would also get an extra-long tongue, which is like 50% of all chewing.
@glenngilbert7389
@glenngilbert7389 2 года назад
Another informative and well-paced video - thank you
@Tribrachidiumheraldicum
@Tribrachidiumheraldicum 2 года назад
Good video. Underrated channel.
@cosmo6122
@cosmo6122 4 месяца назад
I love this channel!!
@Ekergaard
@Ekergaard 2 года назад
Never thought I would be to ingen online search for a list of "disturbing looking extinct animals".
@turkeyvulture2882
@turkeyvulture2882 2 года назад
Could you do a video on teratornis
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
That’s a good idea.
@altithoraxperotorum5133
@altithoraxperotorum5133 2 года назад
@@dr.polaris6423 could you also make a video about homalodotheres
@shafqatishan437
@shafqatishan437 2 года назад
@@dr.polaris6423 bro did u do a video on extremely long tusks lije Anancus and Zygolophodon??
@thelaughinghyenas8465
@thelaughinghyenas8465 2 года назад
Thank you - very interesting content!
@bustavonnutz
@bustavonnutz 2 года назад
What floors me is how small they are. You see a similar form of dwarfism in Forest Elephants today, but this seems pretty extreme. No wonder they died out; they were hyperspecialised to thrive in forested ecosystems and then everything decided to become steppe. RIP to one of the coolest Olifants out there.
@robwalsh9843
@robwalsh9843 2 года назад
I always imagined these animals as making a boomier bassier sound than modern elephants. A weird elephant cry/groan or something.
@kateaveryavery1342
@kateaveryavery1342 2 года назад
Maybe you could make a video about pangolins since they are weird and adorable.
@deepashtray5605
@deepashtray5605 2 года назад
And highly endangered.
@felipeantonio1304
@felipeantonio1304 2 года назад
my favourite type of ancient elephant-like relatives~
@anthonyappleyard5688
@anthonyappleyard5688 2 года назад
My guess is that the shovel tusks were to dig in dry river beds to find water in droughts.
@brandons1063
@brandons1063 2 года назад
Hey Polaris, really enjoy the content you upload. Will you ever do a video on the Sparassodonts ?
@CwL-1984
@CwL-1984 2 года назад
Wow, good job 👍
@timkbirchico8542
@timkbirchico8542 2 года назад
Good vid, thanks
@maozilla9149
@maozilla9149 2 года назад
great video
@jwrush
@jwrush 2 года назад
You are the most educational polar bear.
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
Thank you!
@retroduck5740
@retroduck5740 2 года назад
I do enjoy dancing to your intro
@amd1706
@amd1706 2 года назад
I would imagine it was tiring to chew plants with a large lower jaw extension
@thehairywoodsman5644
@thehairywoodsman5644 2 года назад
very cool !
@chheinrich8486
@chheinrich8486 2 года назад
Im asking myself how did the infants of these animals nurse, with that enormes lower jaw
@melvinshine9841
@melvinshine9841 2 года назад
I would imagine they were born with more "normal" lower jaws and that the tusks didn't start to emerge until they would've been mostly weaned.
@ravensthatflywiththenightm7319
@ravensthatflywiththenightm7319 2 года назад
Strangely I was just thinking of this animal but could not recall any name to find it with.
@danieljohnson2349
@danieljohnson2349 2 года назад
Dr. Polaris 👍
@MrBargill
@MrBargill 2 года назад
Mother Nature: Lets keep the body template but have interchangeable heads....:)
@Adolfitotherevenant2003
@Adolfitotherevenant2003 2 года назад
I have seen current PaleoArt that sometimes put Platybelodon with a short snout and no trunk and instead put a strange thickened lip
@mistersir3020
@mistersir3020 2 года назад
Nice to hear the word genera (plural of genus) in one of your videos. The stress is on the first syllable. Could you make some higher-level overview videos? Like an overview of each geologic period talking about the most important families (rather than genera or species) that lived at what time.
@krisinsaigon
@krisinsaigon 2 года назад
That is odd thinking about it, genus looks like a second declension masculine noun but the -a plural in genera is a second declension nueter ending. I never noticed that before, i need to look it up to find out why
@mistersir3020
@mistersir3020 2 года назад
@@krisinsaigon Third declension neuter. The 's' (Proto-italic 'z' sound) turns into 'r' between vowels due to rhotacism, so you have to think about is as integrally part of the word stem. Similar words are corpus, corpora; ius, iura (just, jurisdiction); decus, decora; onus, onera; ...
@krisinsaigon
@krisinsaigon 2 года назад
@@mistersir3020 thanks for that! I googled the fourth declension after making that comment, but didn't think to check the third. My memory of them is a bit rusty beyond the first and second
@GatorDoom
@GatorDoom 2 года назад
These are mine favorite elephant like creatures
@highfive7689
@highfive7689 2 года назад
They look to be the size of large modern rhinos, most at least. The ones with the longest lower jaw must not have had a comfortable time since they were almost the size of the rest of the body. I can't see how they would be able to defend themselves from predatory attacks. Any large predator would go for the neck of Amebelodontids, and drag it down with the weight of their body. The lower jaw would I can see would be more of a hindrance in a fight. Thank you for the report Dr. Polaris.
@brolysaiyan6152
@brolysaiyan6152 2 года назад
Good afternoon Doctor
@MidwestArtMan
@MidwestArtMan 2 года назад
I'm glad elephants made it to the modern day instead of these derpy horrors.
@donkeysaurusrex7881
@donkeysaurusrex7881 2 года назад
Why not both?
@AGrievousBtch
@AGrievousBtch 2 года назад
Just watched this video for the first time. Super cool to see one of my photo edits used! I need to get back into creating those. Was fun. Great video. Always found these animals very interesting.
@wegojim5124
@wegojim5124 2 года назад
Will the Speculative Dinosaur series return eventually?
@newjojosupercutsandmore2489
@newjojosupercutsandmore2489 2 года назад
could you talk about granastrapotherium? Its such a weird interesting case of convergent evolution with proboscideans and hippos
@xuanluu4873
@xuanluu4873 2 года назад
Have you heard of kaimere? There’s an amebelodont in it called the khorobi, which is a digging herbivore. What do you think of it?
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
Yes I have! It’s a great conceptual idea for these animals.
@markdebruyn1212
@markdebruyn1212 2 года назад
I discovered Kaimere by accident, it's a pretty cool idea
@xuanluu4873
@xuanluu4873 2 года назад
@@markdebruyn1212 yeah, pretty cool project. A gripe i have though is how mammals are not as dominant as dinosaurs, which i find to be pretty biased. That’s just my opinion though
@markdebruyn1212
@markdebruyn1212 2 года назад
@@xuanluu4873 Yeah, i think that too
@denizen9998
@denizen9998 2 года назад
Next do Stegotetrabelodon.
@cornbreadfedkirkpatrick9647
@cornbreadfedkirkpatrick9647 2 года назад
15 million to be exact.
@TrajGreekFire
@TrajGreekFire 2 года назад
I still hope for thylacosmilus episode
@bobsmith-jc9mj
@bobsmith-jc9mj 2 года назад
How would they have defended themselves from predators?
@cornbreadfedkirkpatrick9647
@cornbreadfedkirkpatrick9647 2 года назад
Dr. Polaris what are your thoughts on that millions of dollars to bring back the wooly mammoth should the money should have gone to something else, as the rest of us think.
@serbsi2922
@serbsi2922 2 года назад
When you say tonnes do you mean tonnes or tons? I'd appreciate kg or lb masses (for my mental imagery)
@LuisAldamiz
@LuisAldamiz 2 года назад
Is there any difference? Make it all metric tons, forget there's anything non-metric. It's already enough annoyance that English usually assumes that "billions" are only thousands of millions and not millions of millions as they should. These two reasons alone are enough to hope for the replacement of English by a more rational language, definitely not Chinese but maybe North Korean?
@MrTrenttness
@MrTrenttness 2 года назад
🔥🎸🔥
@raphlvlogs271
@raphlvlogs271 2 года назад
the wedged beasts.
@user-tp1fm7sx3u
@user-tp1fm7sx3u 2 года назад
I'm kinda suprised that yoy haven't mentioned the Paracerattherium, which died out because of these beasts eating the forest when thry invaded mid and northren Asia along with eastern Europe.
@karenharris3183
@karenharris3183 2 года назад
How can they eat?
@Andrea-rw9tf
@Andrea-rw9tf 2 года назад
I wonder how did it nurse?
@dr.polaris6423
@dr.polaris6423 2 года назад
That's an interesting question. I'm not sure about the anatomical proportions of the infants and juveniles, but perhaps their jaws were shorter than those of the adults.
@reeyees50
@reeyees50 2 года назад
Not to be vulgar here in front of the professor (Dr.Polaris),but nursing woundt be an issue due to the fact that Elephants have quite large breasts that are positioned in the best possible for nursing elephant babies.
@cokemachine5510
@cokemachine5510 Год назад
I see a human skull in there. Did we get cursed in the past?
@gb8894
@gb8894 2 года назад
Love the videos, just don’t say “cheerio” at the end.
@Dionaea_floridensis
@Dionaea_floridensis 2 года назад
florida gang let's goooooooooooooooooooo
@davigomes481
@davigomes481 2 года назад
🇧🇷🖖
@francissantos7448
@francissantos7448 2 года назад
No mention of sexual display origin. I wonder why.
@eduardovillalon7496
@eduardovillalon7496 2 года назад
Great videos and explanation. Thanks for your effort! Ps. Your voice sound “adenoidal”, You should see a doctor !
@Aridzonan13
@Aridzonan13 8 дней назад
Mahabarata: stories of four tusk elephants ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-5E-tbfPcmms.html
@peehole82
@peehole82 2 года назад
Balls
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