it exploded because other explostions turned it into a cloud. Aluminium will exploded if you can dispearse it with a charge first. Lots of explosives need initiation charges.
Hurry up and figure out what we already know, the whole idea of viruses is a big scam. Masks help no one. And the vaccines the want to mandate are mrna which hijack your cells to produce new compounds.
@@MaxStevenson-ih5ji What if this virus have to travel inside a medium(water, saliva, mucus, blood) and can not survive alone in the air or can never detach from its medium? If that's the case then most of the droplets with virus are stopped by the ill man's mask and the rest by the healthy person close to him. And if a few droplets still gets to the healthy person then the immune system can fight them easier than if there were 100 times the droplets received. It will be like when you receive direct sunlight versus covering with a net. The sunlight still passes through the net but your body will definitely handle that little amount of sunlight versus the full sunlight.
I actually enjoying this year because toxic anime fans, morons and people i hate are dying somewhere. P.S i don't hate anime and their fans i only hate Toxic fans like hardcore naruto fans and hardcore dragon ball fans. These hardcore fans are the ones who always pick up a fight online saying "NaRuTo SoLoS" or "GoKu SoLoS" seriously stfu it's only anime. Before you say something ask this yourself "What is anime to you?" because it's dumb to argue over fictional characters. Oh you like Arguements because they entertain you? How about you declare a world war 3 since Arguement is the start of war
@@shitheadstavern I was referring to the power of the blast: it was so powerful that it can be compared to a small thermonuclear bomb. Not that it was generated by some thermonuclear reaction, otherwise I would have looked at other videos. I'm not an expert in bombs but I kinda understand what is air, humidity at seal level, and what an explosion does to air. Although, thanks for making the point someone else might be confused by my, apparently, confused English.
Same. And what i have learned is: 1) if there was a silo filled with that stuff ALONE, there's no way it would burn, less explode 2) towards the end of the video there is smoke, white smoke. the smoke seen in the explosion was red at some point Comclusion: their story is false, but then again im no chemist
ammonium nitrate is extremely safe, it only is a hazard under 2 conditions a contaminant (an unknown fuel) both high heat and sudden pressure are applied (another explosion to trigger it) those are the only two scenarios that safe storage list for its decompostion explosive or not
I always saturate mine with kerosine or diesel oil first and sometimes even a little of aluminium powder before I ignite it. If you use one part aluminium and three parts an, you can even do without a carbon source. But I recommend a primary charge and not the Bunsen burner and distance..... distance between you and your pile is crucial. And it might be clever to go outside, at least if you plan to use the house any longer.
One can say that every farm over here, with its huge amounts of unguarded machinery fuel and AN-Fertilizers is a potential threat. But no normal kid could detonate the mixed ANC/ANFO with given tools. It's still quite safe to know. It's a common Wiki information, if one wants to know. But consider this: Else as propanda wants us to believe, terroristic acts on base of these easy to reach and cheap sources are so rare, that I'm starting to believe that terrorism simply doesn't exists. Image all those older BWR nuclear powerplants over here, just beeing guarded by up to four armed policemen with two MP5s. Two VW-vans with 15 angry terrorists, several homemade cutter-charges and a few RPG-7 and we would have to evacuate central europe. It is so easy to enter the safety area of such a plant within minutes under force/weapons and to drain the reactor vessel by destroying pumps and punkturing the pressure vessel/piping with shaped charges/cutter charges. It is still easy enough to get through the lock into the hot area and to destroy the fuel rods in the pool with handgrenades. A little force and a dozen angry men. The plans and the piping for all kinds of reactors can be found on the internet or at least within libriaries of technical colleges. Or imagine how much nitrosulphuric acid one could smuggle aboard of an airliner, still today within small perfume vessels etc. With all the pulp in the toilets and a little time few people could produce enough pyroxylin, which together with a few suitable telephoto lenses as tamping devices could depressurise the cabin or even disintegrate the fuselage of a plane.
One old RPG 7 means one unit generator transformator from a save distance. That means that not too few people could blackout a whole country with ease and remember what the computerworm Stuxnet did to Iran. If someone wants to make trouble, one could make trouble.
As a Boy Scout in the 60s, I considered going for the merit badge in stump removal. I recall that the guide book described how to use ammonium nitrate (fertilizer) and used crankcase oil to make explosive charges.
@@robbiecarter7594 Compression increases the pressure inside the core of the mixture, as the fumes cannot escape. And when you heat it up, add even more pressure, heat it up, more pressure... you got the perfect bomb.
@@robbiecarter7594 There is a high chance diesel fuel was stored at the location in Beirut. Most likely underground in a storage container the same as gas stations do. In super slow motion it can be seen shooting fire up in the air moments before the fuel tank exploded with enough heat, fuel, and impact to spontaneously ignite all of the ammonium nitrate. This wasn't ammonium nitrate as that found in fertilizer. Fertilizer ammunition nitrate has added chemicals to reduce combustion so local terrorists cannot use it as effectively. This was Nitropril High density which is a premium grade porous prilled ammonium nitrate. Which is far more unstable then normal ammonium nitrate not even to mention low grade fertilizer stuff. It's designed to be used for an explosive device in mainly surface mining. Usually something like #2 fuel oil is added then set off with a blasting cap. This nitropril form is why the explosion was so massive as around 2,750 tonnes (6,000,000lbs) of already dense in itself ammonium nitrate along with each bag being stored beside each other is a catastrophe waiting to happen. All it takes for one bag to blow to fuel the rest. This physical (heat) + chemical (fuel source of either thick inefficiently burnt smoke that already built up before detonation and/or the diesel ) all combined so that when it goes off happens extremely fast.
I worked on a drilling and blasting crew at the Eagle Mountain iron mine down near the Mexican border back in the early 60s. We used 25 pound cartridges of high explosives provided by Hercules chemical company. The blasting holes (there were hundreds of them) were filled with ammonium nitrate soaked in diesel fuel. The large cartridges of dynamite were used to deliver the massive impact needed to trigger the Am, Ni. It was delivered to the blast site in a big tank truck and pumped into the blast holes according to a formula. We were told there were two things needed to detonate the nitrate slurry. One, some sort of fuel such as kerosene or diesel fuel needed to be thoroughly mixed with the Am Ni. On our job site it was diesel fuel.The mixing was done by the mixer truck that delivered the slurry to the blast site. The second and last ingredient were the 25 pound cartridges of high explosives dropped into the holes again according to a formula. The dynamite cartridges would not explode unless a blasting booster was dropped into the hole with each dynamite cartridge. The blasting booster is ignited by electric current from a central point and controlled by the drilling and blasting Forman. The boosters are very sensitive to electricity? There was absolutely no danger of any explosion until the miles of copper wire were connected together and attached to the electric current. The blasting wire deliverers the electric energy at the rate of around 3 miles a second. At that rate even a really massive explosion would seem to happen all at once as in the Beirut detonation. No walking talkies were allowed at the blast site and there could be no chance of an electrical storm or the blast was postponed. My father was an explosive engineer for Hercules inc. for forty years and made all the calculations for these blasts. It is an exacting science. Having said all that I believe the explosion in Beirut was purposely set, possibly by terrorists. 2800 tons of Am Ni. Could not detonate so completely unless over time it was set up by explosive experts. If it was stored in mass and forgotten for a long time it is absolutely possible that explosive experts had time to rig it to explode as it did.
AN in large quantities can in fact go high order due to self containment, it's happened before. The warehouse in Beirut was also storing confiscated fireworks, which are what made the AN detonate.
Man, you sounded really intelligent and like almost a subject matter expert... until the conversation left your area of expertise, and your situational knowledge around Beirut became the center of the conversation. Than you sounded like a straight up fool... Firstly, pure an like what you and your father worked with is a completely different beast than contaminated an. If you even watch the video you are commenting on you'd see the whole point of the experiment was to show how pure an is almost inert, but when contaminated with sawdust becomes much more dangerous.... so with this knowledge in hand, lets take what happened in Beirut. You have abandoned an left in a dingy port hangar for half a decade... combined with contamination from rust, rat droppings, dirt, sea condensate, a whole plethera of contamination particulate.... combined with workers near by doing hot work with welding.... and finally combined with fireworks stored near by..... come on man, not everything is a conspiracy, not every thing is Jack Bauer 24 Sometimes humans just make human mistakes. Poor judgement, incompetent supervisors, lack of safety training, and "not my problem" mentality just led to a perfect storm of events that led to this disaster. Occams Razor. The simplest explanation, is usually the correct one.
@Denis Your theory seems to make the most sense. Is there anyway a US or Israel found a way to remotely detonate? I would say there might be a 1% chance. Your theory 99% chance
It's stupid, how you will have the nerve to store explosive chemicals near of a city. What's next?, And Explosion in New York due to Nitroglycerin leaks? Ugh.
It's not explosive by itself...even at extreme heat. You need some salt, water and some kind of reactive metal.like zinc or magnesium. So the idea of a perfect combo, happening at the perfect time is possible, but so is a deliberate action.
Ammonium nitrate, probably some fuel left in storage....is a possibility. That could turn into something called ANFO. The internet has a ton of information on this. And doesn't seem too hard to understand. And the storage could have been mis.managed. At an event like this, it's very hard to prove that there was no foul play and even harder to prove that there was. Hope Beirut gets the help it needs, fast.
AlphaState of Mind had to be millions of tons for a explosion that big. You know Lebanon harbor terrorist and ammonia nitrate is used in roadside bombs.
Just proves last weeks explosion was more than just ammonium nitrates. The fact they had fire works stored there shows there was more than just those also. The blast showed red being thrown into the air. This is the same as rocket booster fuel. What was a ship doing with rocket booster fuel doing in port?
It needs diesel fuel mixed in to make it explosive, this is what we use when blasting overburden at the mines, also if drill holes are deeper than 50 metres it can become inert so has to be air decked to reduce the weight of the column. I worked with it.
AN is explosive all by itself if detonated with a blasting cap or other primary explosive. Since AN is hydrophilic fuel oil is added to prevent AN's absorption of water. Aluminum powder can be added to increase both sensitivity and yield. Tannerite is a mixture of AN and aluminum.
The West explosion was finally discovered to have been sabotage...just like Beirut was not an accident. www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2016/05/west-texas-explosion/482343/
My theory is that the ammonium nitrate in Beirut was actually cut with something, either to make it cheaper or to make it more effective. There's pictures of it sitting in the warehouse at the dock with the label "Nitroprill". Nitropril, with ONE L, is a mining explosive that is actually configured as ANFO, which contains 6% fuel oil as a catalyst. However, the stuff at the dock was mislabeled with two Ls, indicating it was counterfeit, so it may have been mixed improperly, making it unsafe for long term storage as regular ANFO is. But that's just armchair investigative work. Best to wait for a real report.
@@j.trades9691 Just to be a smartass: it's not a catalyst, if the enabling agent gets consumed. The most common catalyst would be a proton (from any acid). It's often the reason why substances deteriorate first slowly and then faster and faster (because the product becomes more and more acidic) and it's used to make peroxide-based explosives.
@@j.trades9691 Hi, I've been looking into this and there are some anomalies in various aspects and the nitrate is one. Orica who produce Nitropril in Australia are clearly reputable, so in a way they don't really come into it, but Rustavi Azot in Georgia, who made the shipment of Nitroprill which ended up in Beirut are indirectly involved. They claim that the company was taken over about 3 years ago, so haven't immediately got paperwork going back to 2013 to hand, which is fair enough. The bags say they were produced for a company called FEM in Mozambique which seems to tally. FEM stands for Fabrica De Explosivos Mocambique in other words explosive manufacturer. So, it appears that it was to be used for quarrying/ mining in Mozambique. Fine so far! Now I've looked up Rustavi Azot and it appears they are a fertilizer manufacturer. Now, I know that AN is used for both. However, the stuff in the warehouse is High Density. I understand that HD is generally used for fertilizer and Low Density for explosives! So we have a company which produces fertilizers supplying an explosive manufacturer with a product grade generally used for fertilizer!! I've also heard that if being used as fertilizer, an additive is usually mixed to make it safer before transporting, whereas if it's going to be used in explosives, it's sent without any additives and the diesel is added at the destination. The bags in the warehouse say "Nitrogen content (N2) (?? basis NH4NO3) not less than 98.5%" The question marks there are mine and I can't quite make out what it says but it looks like "20 basis" or "as basis" or something like that! If you (or anyone else who reads this) can clarify these points, that would be great! Thanks!
Apart from the ammonium nitrate that was stored at warehouse number 12 at Beirut port (initially 2750 tons in 2014, part of which had been smuggled out during their 6 years presence till 2020), lebanese investigative journalists found evidence of picric acid (melinite or TNP), large quantities of chloridric acid, methanol and other chemical compounds, all stored in the same warehouse along with Ammonium Nitrate. All these constitute the ingredients that enter in the manufacturing of rocket fuel triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) The suspicions are very high since this warehouse was forbidden entrance even to the competent bodies of the port's authorities. We lebanese are still waiting for the truth to be unveiled while Beirut has still open wounds it is trying to mend...
Excellent! I commend you for seeking factual information. Many sites that showed the videos morph into moral and fantasy explanations of the event. This video stopped short at the point where NH3NO3 was heated and began to melt then fume. Heated slightly higher those fumes would have dissociated into ionic NH3 and NO3. The resultant interaction at the ionic state would have blow their video lab to bits, just as in Lebanon.
ammonium nitrate is extremely safe, it only is a hazard under 2 conditions a contaminant (an unknown fuel) both high heat and sudden pressure are applied (another explosion to trigger it) those are the only two scenarios that safe storage list for its decompostion explosive or not what happened in lebanon was probably the latter
They just covered the pile with a funnel specifically to avoid any "kabooms". The mixture is not very powerful but being for example burnt in a sealed container it has enough power to create a big mess in a lab that noone really wants to clean up afterwards.
When I was a kid (before most of your parents were born) a road crew was improving a gravel road near where I live into a highway. Here in the Ozarks there's lots of hills. The highway department was blasting the tops of mountains and using the detritus to raise the road bed in the valleys. During one blasting project dynamite was inserted into bored holes and the area covered with bags of ammonium nitrate. At the time, I thought AN was only a fertilizer. I didn't understand their using it. Then I learned.
A favorite of Green Berets teaching clandestine operations. Used extensively in U.S. mining operations. Actually categorized as LOW explosive....compared to C4 and/or TNT, SEMTEX.
I live about 1 km away from the explosion .The ground literally shook and the shockwave was terrifying. And you tell me that ammonium nitrate is just to provide oxygen??!!
@@huckstirred7112 It could have been ammonium nitrate mixed with fuel and some other things which would turn it into an explosive. Ammonium nitrate is an oxidizer.
@@eric3434ammonium nitrate is often skipped over when it comes to oxixizer because of its explosive capabilities, there are many better alternative like potassium permaganate (hard to detonate, oxidizes good) ammonium nitrate when diapered into the air reacts violently and causes an explosion
The nitrate anion , NO3 with negative charge, in the ammonium nitrate , normally produces nitrogen N2 gas, in the process NO and N2O are intermediates as oxygen is lost. In the Beirut explosion you see white and red clouds, which are those nitrogen oxides: nitrous oxide,N2O , fumes are white and nitric oxide, NO, fumes are red
RU-vid recommendations: Wanna see what caused the explosion in Beirut? Also RU-vid recommendations: WaNNa Know mOre AbOUt thE sUbStANce tHAT cAusED The eXPloSion IN BEiRuT?
Ammonium nitrate is an oxidizer, which means its method of combustion relies on pulling electrons out of a substance. Oxygen is an example of an oxidizer: No oxygen, No fire. When combined with an explosive though, ammonium nitrate is a powerful oxidizer and in a sense "Boosts" The explosive power of the explosive via oxidation.
Ammonium nitrate is a bad oxidizer because of the double bond on the nitrogen, however, it works well as an thermobaric explosive if mixed with an oxidizer Potassium Permaganate is more often used as an oxidizer because of its resistance to detonation but gives off a lot of oxygen
See, something that's been uploaded 9 years ago gonna boom with likes soon. Appreciate what you're doing now. Sooner or later you'll get back what's for you
Beirut explosion is the reason many are here. When you detonate a primary explosive in a pile of bagged AN you will simply spread AN over a large area which will be very verdant after a rain since you have simply disbursed chemical fertilizer. Now add fuel oil..about 6% to the AN and detonate a primary explosive next in the pile and you have an Oklahoma City event. What I am saying is that I don't think a huge pile of fertilizer was turned into a huge explosion all by itself. If you disagree please explain.
Try telling that to Lebanon who no longer has a ships warf. The ammonium nitrate exploded with a force of 1000 tons of TNT. It was thought that ammonium nitrate was just an oxidiser until that fateful day. Now scientists know it can explode in certain situations when a lot of heat can break the bonds and cause it to detonate without any fuel to oxidise and explode.
The conditions at Beirut were extreme to say the least, the ammonium nitrate was stored improperly for years and partially melted together from the moisture in the air causing it to form into big 500kg bag shaped chunks, the ammonium nitrate was stored in the same hangar as fireworks and the fireworks constantly going off in the confined hangar caused a massive temperature increase. You are correct in describing the explosion at Beirut as caused by the somewhat unstable nitrate and ammonia bonds quickly decomposing.
@@snoowbrigade Yes, it was a wake up call for industry to treat it more like an explosive now, tightening storage standards and regulations world wide.
Its not an Explosive in the state of NH4+ , it is use in farming like fertilizers dude but it is use in explosive too like u said ! U need to add some additional chemicals with it to be so !
@@609keVWhen your working at the thousand ton scale alot of "safe" chemicals are dangerous. There are rumors beirut was intentionally blown up by mixing AN with a fuel, AN by itself can decompose explosively but mixtures such as ANFO ammonal, and ANNM can actually detonate quite powerfully. It was even used in WW2 where shells were filled with ammatol, a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate.
No, in beirut a storage exploded, not a factory, which proves, that it was not accidental, it was not rockets, since no one saw rockets, so maybe a person caused a small fire or placed a very small and weak bomb, but definetely no accident. If you see videos about the explosion, the grey smoke was sodium nitrate, which looks like fireworks. It helps combustion in small quantities, but in very large quantities, it causes a medium-sized explosion, which is the grey smoke. If you look closely at the bottom of the grey smoke, you can see colorful sparks and sparkles. When it burned for long enough, ammonium nitrate was near.So the burning sodium nitrate ignited the ammonium nitrate, which was the famous orange explosion. Some say it was nuclear, but that is not true, because: 1. If it was nuclear, when it exploded, it would have created a defeaning explosion, and everyone in the vicinity would lose their hearing, and it would have created a flashbang like effect on the eyes, in other words, it would have temporarily blinded your vision 2. It was stronger than Hiroshima, even though it was not nuclear. If it was nuclear and stronger than hiroshima, it would have destroyed all Beirut, and the vicinty around it. But nobody knows till now, it might be something unexpected, but no one knows.
Im a welder in south Africa that guy who welded there o my word i have realy no words here in south africa you need hot work permit if you gone to weld there i hope he had one
@@borisj4054it is not inert at all I worked at a lab, and I conducted 2 experiments on ammonium nitrate 1. I put 2 tablespoon of ammonium nitrate and light it on fire, very inert 2. I turned into a fine powder before putting 2 tablespoons of it on a Petri dish, before lighting it on fire with a fuse. The ammonium nitrate exploded violently into a small fireball before turning into an orange mushroom cloud
How easy it is to get depends on where you live, but generally, yes. You can buy pure AN from a chemical supply house. Today, the AN sold as fertilizer has an additive that makes the substance unusable as an explosive. If the additive is insoluble in water (like clay), it's easy to remove--dissolve it, filter, boil off the water. Of course, processing a really large quantity would be difficult, which I think is the whole idea. I don't quite understand your question about "matching elements."
Here June 2023 wondering what happened to the ammonium nitrate stolen from that train while also wondering why NY skyline looked like the color of this experiment after Canadas random massive fires broke out.
Someone needs to elaborate that exposing a handful to fire is very different from heating thousands of tons to the decomposition point. That decomposition is exothermal, but in a small amount that generated heat is wasted. Inside a giant pile, the heat cannot escape and will drive positive feedback until it eventually detonates.
Ammonium nitrate doesn't explode unless it's triggered by an other element. Even if you burn it it has to release heat until it reaches a certain temperature there you should see a some white fumes. Ammonium nitrate releases heat but never explode alone. There was 2 explosions. The 1st explosion wasn't caused by ammunition nitrate cause we can't see the released reddish/orange smoke until the 2nd explosion. After and only after the 2nd blast we can see the ammonium nitrate reddish smoke being released in the air. Check the US army using detonators to blow up ammonium nitrate. The red smoke only appears if detonated. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-kJEnfzlR1HY.html
you might need to understand the content the video tries to show ammonium nitrate is oxidant , not ammonium nitrate alone sawdust pile cannot burn well , and with the oxidant sawdust can burn easily that doesn't mean ammonium nitrate has to mix with sawdust , there are probably no sawdust in Beirut whatever , surely it won't be able to explain why it exploded just saying ammonium nitrate can mix with anything flammable and get different results in the video , stronger or weaker just ammonium nitrate alone should not have any violent reaction(which showed in the first few second)
@@fakestory1753 It's difficult but possible to ignite ammonium nitrate, thus detonating. Similar explosions have occurred in the US. See the West, Texas explosion (2013): also ammonium nirate, with an explosion about as powerful as 7-10 tons of TNT. Resulted in 15 fatalities and 150 structures destroyed.
@@drdefecation i just want to say many people didn't really understand the context of this video ,the mixture are nowhere close to the situation of actual explosion this video is probably just trying to say the "oxygen and fuel" old school stuff , the oxdizing agent and the fuel are just random chosen , explosion isn't what they want to show , they might even make sure it doesn't explode because the safety stuff like many chemistry demonstrate video you can find whether ammonium nitrate can be detonating in some way isn't shown this video just didn't exist because we ask how to make X component explode the search engine never know what you want or what the context on internet really is , unless people fully understand what they are try to achieve
Lebanon's amonium nitrate was specific made to make explosives: the structure from this variant is like a sponge=explode much easyer than agricultural amonium nitrate...
It is strange the reaction of nitromethane and ammonium nitrate. The science of it is this: The compounds break down and regroup, but only under the influence of heat and shock (detonator). I do not dabble anymore. I would be glad to be doing experiments in 1800's when Alfred Nobel was around instead of Timothy McVeigh. Anyway the nitromethane/ Ammonium nitrate mixture: I don't think the An helps anything burn. The molecules of each compound regroup to form gasses like NO, CO2, CO2. Ammonium Nitrate mixtures completely replaced dynamite in rock quarries. The Stability, reliablility, and cost effectiveness make AN an optimum chemical for legitamite blasting.
Why is RU-vid recommending these videos? I don't want to know anything about that crap, apparently it really really really explodes real HARD. UH UH NO THANKS RU-vid
@@busterdylanno it doesn’t i have worked in a lab before, and once a time I grinded ammonium nitrate into a fine powder (don’t do this) and put about 2 tablespoon of it into a plastic jar and mixed it around and closing the jar i connected it to a fuse and when the fuse arrived, the jar exploded violently into a fireball about several meters big before forming a small orange mushroom, I gotta say, ammonium nitrate is very explosive when it is dispersed into a fine powder (exactly what happened at Beirut, fertilizer explosion spread ammonium nitrate into the air as a mist)
The Lebanon explosion started with a fireworks factory or storage facility that was in close proximity to a warehouse full of confiscated ammonium nitrate. Doesn't anyone remember the West Texas explosion involving ammonium nitrate a few years ago?
@@clopez4280you just need the ammonium nitrate to have enough surface area to react with oxygen in the air like a fine mist spread by a primary explosive
@@clopez4280the fire in the warehouse was extremely violent, so I hypothesize that there was a metal (like sodium in fireworks to create an orange color) burning with oxidizer
