Antimatter Explained 

matter is anti-anti-matter

If the universe were mostly antimatter, we would call it matter.

But to physicists, the answer matters. Love that one.

Shortly: It's like 2+(-2)=0 but with explosion.

I'm sure the anti-people in the anti-universe are asking the same anti-questions. :D

Drinking Game: Take a shot everytime he says matter

Hitting 0 and getting 2 and -2. I love that analogy

The idea that particles can be generated out of empty space is magical to me! Physics is awesome ✨

I really enjoyed your analogy of 'hitting 0 with a hammer and getting 2, and -2.' Getting lots from nothing is quite a hard concept to properly understand, but this made it click for me! Thanks for your beautiful videos :)

Isn't it just an assumption that we say the universe created more matter than anti-matter??? We cannot see the whole universe, couldn't the antimatter just be in some other place?

So for every flat earther, there is a anti flatearther?

“- we call these positrons.-“ Me: *that means...* *NEGATRON*

i bet they make these whole videos just for the joke at the end

So... Does it really matter ?

Physicist: "Everything is matter." Me, an intellectual: "Nothing else matters!"

This was an amazing video. Simple and straight, easy to understand. Thank you.

I've never liked physics at school. We would always learn the formulas and then copy them in the tests. No thinking, no questioning. It was a neutral field. A subject that honestly back then barely mattered. But one day a friend of mine showed me a channel which opened up the world of physics to me. This channel was none other than minutephysics. You guys have inspired me to think about the universe. To question and ponder. What you guys are doing is really awesome and I just want to thank you for it. You guys are really making physics and matter actually matter. So thanks and I will keep watching your videos. :)

I was googling for the pass 1 hour about antimatter (and dark matter/energy too). but when I finished I opened youtube and found this video in my subscription, uploaded less than hour ago -_-

i cant comprehend how this universe so perfectly created! so amazing!

WOW. there really needs a part 2 to this

I love minute physics because it makes me feel smart

So basicly... a terrorist made out of antimatter is antiterrorist xD

Thanks for explaining it in a simple to understand format.

absolutely sensational. it changed my understanding of matter for a while.

This is so cool and helpful! I love how you guys can explain university level physics so simply!

Not the Big-Bang the Everywhere Stretch

"the answer matters" *sr pelo laugh*

That was such a good explanation.... i get goosebumps thinking scientists figured out how to even get anti matter 😵

i swear this 3 minute is the best ever on earth 3 min explanation ever

Very nice use of the visuals--I liked the effect of pressing the empty page to create the particle pairs.

your explanation is very simple and clear . you gonna be a good teacher 😜

One theory I've heard is that these particles and anti-particles would appear randomly in space (that part has been proven, I believe). If this happened right next to a black hole, and there was an slightly larger chance for one to escape than the other, and it was done right on the edge of it's effect, then one would be sucked in while the other, not. If matter is sucked in even lower than 1% of the time, a buildup of this could "create" a lot of matter, given enough time.

Thank you so much! Your videos are great at describing some of the most complex phenomenon in our universe in laymen's terms.

Great channel. Annihilation teaches us one thing: matter and antimatter is made out of smaller stuff. But what is 'energy', what are 'waves' of radiation. What is that stuff made of? Will it always be limited to equational descriptions or will technology ever find out? Even more peculiar is the 'quantum field' and also the 'Higgs field'. Excitations in a field is rather vague, but granted it's the best we got today. You can take it even further then: what is the field made of, what generates it? Physicists want to learn the truth of all things, they will keep looking Mindboggling though that everything is just forcefields. Row row row your boat gently down the stream, merily merily merily, life is but a dream...

You are one the reasons I can sleep everyday peacefully

Really interesting stuff and explained really well for a novice like me. I wonder if we’ll ever figure out why there’s more matter than antimatter in our universe (and if there’s an antimatter universe why there’s more antimatter there than matter)

I feel dumb

how do you know taht there are more matter than antimatter? maybe, somewhere really far away, there is a part of the universe made out of only antimatter

"well no one knows, but to physicists, it MATTERS" *applause* WELL PLAYED

Ahaha the ending was so cute! Awesome video!!

How did they find out about anti-matter? When i was in school they told us the Big Bang theory and it was basically there was nothing then there was a thing (because science) then it expanded (also because science). I mean is there solid evidence or is this a theory?

WHY SO MUCH MATTER PUNS D:

thank you, this has helped my studies alot

I was entertained, educated, and have more questions. Thanks :)

Top tier stuff.

This is too much. Give me cat video now.

Henry: writing anti μ and anti τ w/ a bar and calling τ "tauons" me, less an intellectual than him: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Best video ever.

So basically if there are multiple universes (or infinite ones) does that mean there are universes made out of antimatter and there are very small amounts of what we call matter? Or maybe there were two universes made and antimatter leaks into our universe, while normal matter leaks into their universe.

fascinating

Thanks!

Awesome.

An antimatter bomb is an ideal weapon. Its far more efficient than a nuclear bomb, its not radioactive so its undetectable, 1kg of antimatter would create several orders of magnitude more energy than the czar bomb, and best/worst of all it doesnt create a radioactive waste land. You could literally destroy a country and rebuild the next day. This explains a lot about why china is creating the worlds largest particle accelerator/collider, which is required to create antimatter. In the future it might be known as the Beijing project(in reference to the Manhattan project).

A video from Veritasium mentioned that the big bang, or expansion of the universe from super dense "stuff" may not have been Mt. Everest in size before expanding. It may have been infinite in size. The visible universe we see is merely a Mt. Everest sized portion of that super dense "stuff". Therefore, matter/antimatter can still be equal in it's generation if it follows a probabilistic nature. Our visible universe is simply within a tiny patch of the universe that happens to be majority matter.

So what I wanna know is does it behave differently from positive matter, or does it react just the same

Don't give up. You _matter._ Anti-matters: :(((

Maybe the big bang had two sides. When a photon split sometimes the matter would come to our side and the anti matter on the other and this other universe is perfectly identical to us just in the opposite charge. Figuratively we wouldn't be able to tel the different if we went there since they have the same properties (well except for the fact that we would blow up as soon as our particles canceled each other out)

Well, I feel like I'm becoming an alien by watching videos that most kids wouldn't watch.

Here is a motivational quote that i made, it is silly but idc "Become like a positive positron to annihilate the negativity of electrons!"

I've always thought that why there is more matter here is because it's here, and we are here, whatever here is, and antimatter is there, wherever that is.

0:35 +0 and -0? Surprised this hasn't TRIGGERED any debate yet

0:08 = WE ALL MATTER!

great! thks!

1:18 best pun ever on a RU-vid Video XDDD You did well

MinutePhysics I want to know more about Positronium. it has 1 neutron, 1 electron, 1 positron and 0 protons, correct? does it qualify to even be an atom with no protons? if it is an atom, where on the periodic table of elements does it fit? if its not an atom, what is it classified as? if its not an atom, and it has a new classification, would there be an equivalent to the "periodic table of elements" (where the core is Neutrons + e+) can other "higher" [insert classification here] exist? such as (2e- + 2e+) ECT. why are they so unstable? Hypothetically if they can be stabilized, is there any assumed properties, interactions? is it possible to happen in nature? Can other Particles form a "atom" like this?

How do we know that we aren't made out of antimatter and normal matter is what we call antimatter? If they are the same but with only the difference being their charge is the opposite, then we only see ours as being normal because we are made of it. It's all a matter of perspective. So why did more normal matter than anti-matter stay around? It didn't.

I'm researching about this in class. It's actually super interesting, just don't know how I'll exactly put this all together! 😅

between matter and antimatter: particles can spin clock ways or counter clock ways, and only clock ways particles interact with the weak nuclear force, while only counter-clockwise anti-particles interact with the weak nuclear force

I am now an expert on antimatter. FUCK YEAH!!!!!!!

So is there a way to have a negative neutrons? Oh wait, no, that's stupid.

So helpful.

Hi, this is my first time watching a minutephysics video! Thanks for the content! One suggestion though, and this might not be needed if your newer videos no longer have this issue: The video makes for much better watching if you could capture only the pen within the frame (ie. hold the pen higher along its length) and the lux level didn't keep changing.

Well, if the only way we know about the existence of other galaxies is through the light they give off, would we be able to tell if they are anti galaxies? I mean, if light has no charge wouldn't it behave the same way with matter and antimatter?

"Anti"mony

It was a lot helpful for me to understand anti matter

Dear Poster or anyone - Please help clarify this issue. An electron has a charger of -1. A proton has a charge of +1. Yet, in the hydrogen atom, the electron does not fall in and touch the proton and annihilate the entire system. Rather, the electron's probability wave superpositions around the nucleus, creating probability clouds (orbitals) of existence and null around the nucleus. Likewise, antimatter differs from matter in ONLY its charge. Therefore, why can't we contain antimatter using orbitals in a matter-antimatter system? Why is containing antimatter so difficult?

you say when anti-matter and matter meet they annihilate each other but according to the law of conservation of mass matter cannot be created or destroyed. what exactly do you mean?

I think @0:17 is how school need to change, matter is the product of excitation in doace reduced to trapped waveform interaction

this makes so much more sense now

What about Dark Matter?

Opposite charges? Protons? Neutrons? As long as my toaster works, who gives a shit about antimatter?

There has to be some yet unknown process that takes place or an unseen form of higs/particle that blocks or creates action ... Thankyou

If an anti hydrogen had a positron on the inside and antiproton on outside would they still annihilate? Are the positions of subatomic particles important in what happens?

Is there such thing as anti-light?

Wait... what about Black Lives matter?

A quote I love is “If you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough” from Albert Einstein. You, clearly, understand this material well enough. The video is fantastic, the explanations are phenomenal, and the fact that you can educate people without any knowledge on the topic while simultaneously entertaining them is incredible. You deserve every penny RU-vid pays you, and a job as a professor as well. Very well done.

It is generally theorised that matter and antimatter occured in a 1x10^9:1x10^9 (+1) ratio. Where matter has more than antimatter.

Thanks for the video! Questions: 1. If a photon is its own anti-particle, does it annihilate when it meets another photon? 2. Neutrons apparently have antineutrons, although since the neutron is electrically neutral it can’t have opposite charge. Does this mean there’s something else besides charge that would cause a particle and anti-particle to annihilate when they meet?

Btw, what's the antimatter equivalent to antimony? antiantimony or just mony?

Could the reason there is more matter than antimatter be similar to the reason why all planets orbit in the same direction in our solar system?? Maybe there was a random portion with more antimatter eons ago, but the directionality of some just so happened to show a preference for matter opposed to antimatter.

Quite informative

Could the future be unfolding with the annihilation of antimatter?

Here's my take: The Big Bang contained equal amounts of both matter and antimatter, but, as is the nature of randomness, it wasn't evenly spread. Let's say for the sake of argument that the left side of the Big Bang just happened to contain more matter than antimatter, and the right side contained more antimatter. On the left side of the universe, matter and antimatter kept annihilating each other until there was only matter left. The opposite happened on the right side. Now, one half contains only matter, and the other only antimatter, and there's much less stuff than there was when the Big Bang happened. As the universe expands, every particle of matter that is travelling right is eventually obliterated, same for every particle of antimatter travelling left. And so, in a stable universe, the universe spreads one way, whereas the anti-universe spreads the other, and they just go further and further apart. If we could FIND antimatter, we would *already* have been destroyed by it; the reason we don't find it is because the universe has existed for a long time and has become pretty stable by now.

I heard somewhere that at the big bang, there was just a tiny bit more matter than antimatter, like genuinely a very small amount, and that small amount that was left over (after all the other matter-antimatter annihilated each other) is now the entire observable Universe. They hypothesise that the amount of each type was equal in the beginning, but some processes, such as decay, preferred creating matter over antimatter. Why or how is yet unknown. I see some people genuinely say "if "antimatter" had won, then that is what we would call "matter" today instead". And to that I say: of course.

Thank you.

Maybe There Are Nega-Humans. :O WAIT!! WHAT IF THEY THINK WERE THE NEGA HUMANS?!?!??!

Personally, the physicists are pissing me off in the matter-antimatter philosophical debate. Essentially they are asking themselves why are we made of matter rather than antimatter... so what? If it were the other way around, we would be asking ourselves the opposite of the question we do now. Now how the fuck does this constitute a proper scientific research? A chicken and the egg bullshit...

the bass is so smooth.

Good video

I wonder how Antichicken tastes like